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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008
or
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 0-19095
SOMANETICS
CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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MICHIGAN
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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38-2394784
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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1653 East Maple Road, Troy, Michigan
(Address of principal executive offices)
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48083-4208
(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (248) 689-3050
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class
Common Shares, par value $.01 per share
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Name of each exchange on which registered
The NASDAQ Stock Market |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation
S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer o |
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Accelerated filer þ |
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Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ.
The aggregate market value of the common shares held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of
May 30, 2008 (the last business day of the registrants most recently completed second fiscal
quarter), computed by reference to the closing sale price as reported by NASDAQ on such date, was
approximately $212,074,000.
The number of the registrants common shares outstanding as of February 11, 2009 was 12,042,662.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, scheduled to be held
April 23, 2009, are incorporated by reference in Part III, if the Proxy Statement is filed no later
than March 30, 2009.
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
We develop, manufacture and market the INVOS System, a non-invasive patient monitoring system
that continuously measures changes in the blood oxygen levels in the brain and elsewhere in the
body in tissues beneath the sensor in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow. The
brain is the organ least tolerant of oxygen deprivation. Without sufficient oxygen, brain damage
may occur within minutes, which can result in paralysis, other disabilities or death. Brain oxygen
information, therefore, is important, especially in surgical procedures requiring general
anesthesia and in other critical care situations with a high risk of the brain getting less oxygen
than it needs. The INVOS System consists of a portable monitoring system, including proprietary
technology, which is used with multiple single-use disposable sensors, called SomaSensors or
OxyAlert sensors. During our fiscal year ended November 30, 2008, net revenues from disposable
sensors comprised approximately 72 percent of our net revenues. As of November 30, 2008, we had an
installed base of 2,523 INVOS System monitors in the United States in 714 hospitals, and during
fiscal 2008 we sold 424,647 sensors worldwide.
Clinical studies have shown that using the INVOS System to monitor and provide information to
help manage the regional brain blood oxygen saturation of patients is associated with significantly
fewer incidences of major organ dysfunction, which can significantly improve patient outcomes and
reduce hospital costs. During fiscal 2004, the results of the first prospective, randomized,
blinded intervention trial were presented, and the results were published in the January 2007 issue
of a peer-reviewed anesthesia journal. The study showed that when the INVOS System was used to
monitor and provide information to help manage the regional brain blood oxygen saturation of
coronary artery bypass surgery patients, the occurrence of major organ morbidity or mortality was
reduced from 11 percent to three percent and patients with major organ morbidity or mortality have
significantly longer length of stay in the intensive care unit, or ICU, than those without.
Additionally, in 2004, the results of a large retrospective review showed a statistically
significant greater than 50 percent reduction (2.01 percent versus 0.97 percent) in the incidence
of permanent stroke when information from the INVOS System was used to help manage brain blood
oxygen saturation of cardiac surgery patients. The results also showed a reduced length of
hospital stay and reduced incidence of prolonged ventilation when the INVOS System was used.
Our INVOS System has U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, clearance in the United States
for use on adults, children and infants. We target the sale of the INVOS System for use in
surgical procedures and other critical care situations with a high risk of oxygen imbalances. We
initially focused our marketing efforts primarily on adult and pediatric cardiac surgeries and
carotid artery surgeries. In the first quarter of fiscal 2005, we initiated selling and marketing
efforts for the INVOS System in the pediatric ICU. We are currently expanding the use of our INVOS
System in the pediatric and neonatal ICUs with the launch of our smaller sensor in the first half
of fiscal 2008. Some of our potential future markets may include other major surgeries involving
high risk patients. While our initial focus has been commercializing the INVOS System to measure
blood oxygen saturation changes in the brain, many clinicians in the pediatric and neonatal ICU use
the INVOS System to assess changes in oxygen saturation in regions of the body other than the brain
in addition to cerebral oxygen saturation. In November 2005, we received 510(k) clearance from the
FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor changes in somatic tissue blood oxygen saturation in
regions of the body other than the brain in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow. In
May 2008, we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor changes
in blood oxygen saturation in any tissues beneath the sensor, not limited to brain and somatic
tissue, in any individual. Our four-channel cerebral and somatic INVOS System monitor, which we
launched in the second quarter of 2006, can display information from four disposable sensors. This
feature allows for the simultaneous monitoring of changes in blood oxygen saturation in tissues
beneath the sensor in four different places in the body in patients with or at risk for restricted
blood flow.
We are sponsoring and evaluating sponsorship of clinical trials which may allow us to more
actively target the sale of the INVOS System for use in high risk patient populations. There are
also numerous other independent clinical studies evaluating the use of the INVOS System.
2
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
technology development company, for approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of
specified liabilities. ICU Data Systems has developed a patented technology that integrates data
from a broad array of hospital bedside devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and
infusion devices, into a single bedside display for comparison, data management and storage. We
plan to further develop and launch our newly-acquired data integration technology as a stand-alone
device in mid-2009. The INVOS System is one of many devices whose data can be integrated into the
stand-alone device. To support the addition of the derived parameter features to the system, we
will pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance in 2009. In addition, we expect to invest to combine the
ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product for launch expected in the
second half of 2010. We also plan to pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance for this integrated device
in 2010.
We sell the INVOS System through a direct sales team in the United States, consisting of
salespersons and clinical specialists, the size of which has increased from 44 persons at the end
of fiscal 2006 to 55 persons at the end of fiscal 2008, and two independent sales representative
firms. The direct sales team will also be expected to sell our integrated data device. Outside
the United States, we market the INVOS System through independent distributors, including Covidien,
formerly Tyco Healthcare, in Europe, Canada, the Middle East and South Africa, and Edwards
Lifesciences Ltd. in Japan. We expect to increase the size of our U.S. direct sales team in fiscal
2009 and are planning to hire direct salespersons and clinical specialists in Europe to support
Covidien and sell our integrated data device. Our net revenues have increased from $28.7 million
in the fiscal year ended November 2006 to $47.5 million in fiscal 2008, representing a compounded
annual growth rate of 28.6 percent. As a percentage of net revenues, our gross margin decreased
from 88 percent in fiscal 2006 to 87 percent in fiscal 2008.
Our Corporate Information
We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Michigan in 1982. Our principal executive
offices are located at 1653 East Maple Road, Troy, Michigan 48083-4208, and our telephone number
is (248) 689-3050. Our website address is www.somanetics.com. The information on, or that can be
accessed through, our website is not a part of this report. Unless the context indicates
otherwise, as used in this report, the terms Somanetics, Somanetics Corporation, the Company,
we, us and our refer to Somanetics Corporation, a Michigan corporation.
Somanetics®, INVOS®, SomaSensor®, Window to the
Brain®, Reflecting the Color of Life®, Enlightening Medicine®,
CorRestore®, OxyAlert®, OxyAlert NIRSensor®, and iCuro®
are our United States registered trademarks. Each of the other trademarks, trade names or service
marks appearing in this report is either pending registration or belongs to its respective holder.
Industry
Market Opportunity
We believe that in the United States in 2008 there were approximately five million surgeries
involving elderly patients who, due to the type of surgery, age of the patient or other factors,
have a higher risk of developing post-operative complications. Such surgeries include cardiac
surgeries, carotid surgeries and other major general surgeries involving elderly patients. In
addition, we believe that there are other patient populations, such as non-elderly adult, pediatric
and neonatal patients, undergoing major surgeries and patients undergoing ICU treatment or in other
critical care situations that face a high risk of tissue oxygen imbalances.
Hospitals in the United States have economic incentives to control health care costs. They
often receive a fixed fee from Medicare, managed care organizations and private insurers based on
the disease diagnosed, rather than on the services actually performed. Therefore, hospitals are
increasingly focused on avoiding unexpected costs, such as those associated with increased hospital
stays of patients with brain or other organ damage or other adverse outcomes following surgery or
ICU treatment. The costs to the health care system associated with adverse surgical and ICU
outcomes and lengthened hospital stays can be significant. In addition, lack of immediate
knowledge about blood oxygen levels in areas such as the brain or other tissues can result in
unnecessary medical treatments and associated costs. With the increasing focus by hospitals on
avoiding unexpected costs, especially in the operating room, ICU and other critical care areas, we
believe that there are significant incentives to evaluate and adopt new monitoring technologies
which could provide information to improve patient care and reduce costs.
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Brain Oxygen Imbalances and Its Effects
Oxygen is carried to the brain by hemoglobin in the blood. Hemoglobin passes through the
lungs, bonds with oxygen and is pumped by the heart through arteries and capillaries to the brain.
Brain cells extract oxygen and the blood carries away carbon dioxide through the capillaries and
veins back to the lungs.
The brain is the human organ least tolerant of oxygen deprivation. Without sufficient oxygen,
brain damage may occur within minutes, which can result in paralysis, severe and complex
disabilities, or death. Undetected brain hypoxia, which is a condition in which there is a
decrease of oxygen supply to the brain even though there is adequate blood flow, and ischemia, a
condition in which blood flow, and thus oxygen, is restricted to a part of the body, are common
causes of brain damage and death during and after many surgical procedures and in other critical
care situations.
Brain oxygen imbalances can be caused by several factors, including changes in arterial blood
oxygen saturation, which is the percentage of oxygenated hemoglobin contained in a given amount of
blood which carries oxygen in the arteries to the tissues of the body, blood flow to the brain,
hemoglobin concentration and oxygen consumption by the brain.
Brain oxygen information is important in surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia, in
other critical care situations with a high risk of brain oxygen imbalances, as well as in the
treatment of patients with head injuries or strokes. Once alerted to these imbalances, medical
professionals can use this and other information to take corrective action through the introduction
of medications, anesthetic agents or mechanical intervention, potentially improving patient
outcomes and reducing the costs of care. Immediate and continuous information about changes in
brain oxygen levels also provides immediate feedback regarding the adequacy of the selected
therapy. Equally important, without information about brain oxygen levels, therapy that may not be
necessary might be initiated in an attempt to ensure adequate brain oxygen levels and may have an
adverse impact on patient safety and increase hospital costs.
Limitations of Traditional Monitoring Technologies
We believe that it is uncommon for patients undergoing surgery to receive any sort of direct
neuromonitoring of brain blood oxygen saturation, in part due to some of the shortcomings of the
traditional technologies. When patients are monitored directly, several different methods are used
to detect one or more of the factors affecting brain oxygen levels or the effects of brain oxygen
imbalances. These methods include invasive jugular bulb catheter monitoring, transcranial Doppler,
electroencephalograms, or EEGs, intracranial pressure monitoring, and neurological examination.
These methods have not been widely adopted to monitor brain oxygen levels in critical care
situations for a variety of reasons. The use of these methods is limited because they are either
expensive, difficult or impractical to use, invasive, not reliable under some circumstances, not
organ specific, not able to measure more than one factor affecting oxygen imbalances in the brain,
or not able to provide continuous information.
Our Solution
Our INVOS System is a non-invasive patient monitoring system that provides continuous
information about changes in blood oxygen saturation levels. We believe that our INVOS System
addresses the markets need for a solution that is non-invasive, continuous, immediate, effective
and easy to use. The INVOS System, which is predominantly used in hospital critical care areas
such as operating rooms and ICUs, consists of a portable monitoring system, including proprietary
technology, which is used with multiple single-use disposable sensors. For multi-channel cerebral
monitoring, disposable sensors are placed on both sides of a patients forehead and are connected
to the monitor. The INVOS System uses our proprietary technology to analyze information received
from the disposable sensors and provides a continuous digital and trend display of an index of the
blood oxygen saturation in the area of the body under the sensors. Our four-channel cerebral and
somatic INVOS System monitor, which we launched in the second quarter of 2006, can display
information from four disposable sensors. This feature allows for the simultaneous monitoring of
changes in blood oxygen saturation in tissues beneath the sensor in four different places in the
body in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow.
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Surgeons, anesthesiologists, pediatric and neonatal ICU physicians, and other medical
professionals can use the information provided by the INVOS System, in conjunction with other
available information, to identify brain and other tissue oxygen imbalances and take necessary
corrective action, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing the costs of care. Once the
cause of a cerebral or other tissue oxygen imbalance is identified and therapy is initiated, the
INVOS System provides immediate feedback regarding the adequacy of the selected therapy. It can
also provide medical professionals with an additional level of assurance when they make decisions
regarding the need for therapy.
Unlike some existing monitoring methods, the INVOS System functions even when the patient is
unconscious, lacks a strong peripheral pulse or has suppressed neural activity. The measurement
made by the INVOS System is dominated by information from the blood in the veins, where the balance
of oxygen supply and demand can be more effectively assessed. Therefore, it responds to the
changes in factors that affect the balance between oxygen supply and demand, including changes in
arterial oxygen saturation, blood flow, hemoglobin concentration and oxygen consumption. The INVOS
System responds to global changes in brain or other tissue oxygen levels and to events that affect
oxygen levels in the region beneath the sensor.
The following table summarizes some of the principal features and related benefits of the
INVOS System:
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Benefits |
Non-invasive
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Reduced risk to patients and medical professionals |
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Consistent with market trend toward less invasive
medical procedures |
Continuous Information
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Immediate information regarding oxygen imbalances to
help guide therapeutic interventions |
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Trend information, rather than at a single point in time |
4-Channel Monitoring
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Simultaneous cerebral and other tissue monitoring |
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Provides more data points to help manage patient care |
Cost-Effective
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Low cost relative to traditional brain monitoring
methods |
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Small portion of the total cost of the procedures in
which it is used |
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Information can potentially improve patient outcomes
and reduce the overall cost of care |
Easy to Use
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Does not require a dedicated technician to operate or
interpret |
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Automatic sensor calibration |
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Simple user interface and controls |
Effective in Difficult
Circumstances
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Provides information when the patient is unconscious,
lacks a strong peripheral pulse or has suppressed neural
activity, specifically during cardiac arrest,
hypothermia, hypertension, hypotension and hypovolemia |
Portable/Compatible
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Placed at patients bedside |
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Lightweight |
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Can be integrated or interfaced with existing
multi-modality systems |
ICU Data Systems, Inc.
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc. ICU
Data Systems has developed a patented technology that integrates data from a broad array of
hospital bedside devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and infusion devices, into a
single bedside display for comparison, data management and storage. The data integration
technology allows customized presentation of data from various bedside devices for comparison on
the same display and on the same timeline. The device can also calculate and display derived
parameters, or calculated parameters based on the combination of two or more discrete parameters.
In addition, the device can produce user-defined, automated event marks and alerts. All resulting
information can be stored for inclusion in the patient record and clinical research.
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We plan to further develop and launch our newly-acquired data integration technology as a
stand-alone device in mid-2009. The INVOS System is one of many devices whose data can be
integrated into the stand-alone device. To support the addition of the derived parameter features
to the system, we will pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance in 2009. In addition, we expect to invest
to combine the ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product for launch
expected in the second half of 2010. We also plan to pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance for this
integrated device in 2010.
Business Strategy
Our objective is to establish the INVOS System as a standard of care in surgical procedures
requiring general anesthesia and in other critical care situations. Key elements of our strategy
include to:
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Target Surgical Procedures and Other Critical Care Situations with a High Risk of Oxygen
Imbalances. We target surgical procedures and other critical care situations with a high
risk of oxygen imbalances. Some of our current and potential future markets include
cardiac surgeries, carotid artery surgeries, pediatric and neonatal ICU applications and
other major surgeries involving high risk patients. We believe that the medical
professionals involved in these surgeries and ICU treatments are most aware of the risks of
brain and other damage resulting from oxygen imbalances. Therefore, we believe that it
will be easier to demonstrate the clinical importance of the information provided by the
INVOS System to these professionals and potentially gain market acceptance for our products
in connection with these surgeries and ICU treatments. |
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Sponsor Clinical Studies to Promote Expanded Acceptance of the INVOS System. We believe
that our INVOS System has been evaluated in over 600 presentations, study abstracts and
published papers. During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, results of both the first
prospective, randomized clinical trial and a larger retrospective review evaluating the
INVOS System were presented, which we believe have contributed to the INVOS System gaining
further market penetration. In addition, in January 2007 the results of the first
prospective, randomized clinical trial mentioned above were published in a peer-reviewed
anesthesia journal. We plan to sponsor clinical studies using the INVOS System to
demonstrate its benefits. We are also sponsoring and evaluating sponsorship of other
clinical trials which may allow us to more actively target the sale of the INVOS System for
use in other high risk patient populations. We use the results of clinical studies to help
convince the medical community of the clinical importance of the information provided by
the INVOS System. We also sponsor peer-to-peer educational opportunities and promote use
of the INVOS System in regional centers of influence that we believe will influence its
adoption by others. In early 2008, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons began collecting
cerebral oximetry information as part of its STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database, which is
used to develop practice standards intended to improve qualify and safety. |
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Invest in Sales and Marketing Activities. We continue to increase our investment in our
distribution network consisting of our direct sales employees, independent sales
representative firms and distributors. We sell the INVOS System through a direct sales
team in the United States, the size of which has increased from 44 persons at the end of
fiscal 2006 to 55 persons at the end of fiscal 2008, and two independent sales
representative firms. The direct sales team will also be expected to sell our integrated
data device. We expect to increase the size of our U.S. direct sales team in fiscal 2009
and are planning to hire direct salespersons and clinical specialists in Europe to support
Covidien. We participate in trade shows and medical conferences, ongoing peer-to-peer
educational programs and targeted public relations opportunities. |
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Interface and Integrate Our Technology into Other Manufacturers Multi-Modality Systems.
There are many existing monitoring systems in the operating room and the ICU. We would
like to interface with these monitors. We have interfaced the INVOS System with the
Philips Medical Systems VueLink System to provide data, alarm events and status messages
from the INVOS System on any monitor that accepts the VueLink module, a multi-parameter
monitor. This enables oximetry data from our INVOS System to be displayed on the VueLink
screen and integrated with other vital patient information. We plan to support the
interface and integration of our INVOS System technology with other medical device |
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manufacturers to expand the installed base of INVOS System monitors and increase the demand
for our sensors. We expect that such arrangements will provide another distribution channel
for our INVOS System. We plan to further develop and launch our newly-acquired data
integration technology as a stand-alone device in mid-2009. The INVOS System is one of many
devices whose data can be integrated into the stand-alone device. In addition, we expect to
invest to combine the ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product for
launch expected in the second half of 2010. We also plan to pursue a new FDA 510(k)
clearance for this integrated device in 2010. |
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Develop Additional Applications and Markets for the INVOS System. We have developed a
smaller sensor for use with infants, and are making other advances to the design and
performance features of the INVOS System, including the disposable sensor. We are also
evaluating additional potential market segments for our INVOS System, such as use in other
major surgeries, in the adult ICU, and for applications of the technology to monitor other
tissues. We are also exploring several novel near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging
technologies and products under a Contract Development Agreement with Shirley Research
Corporation. See NeuroPhysics Corporation and Shirley Research Corporation below.
Pursuit of some of these potential market segments may require additional FDA clearance.
We believe that these natural extensions of our technology will increase our market
potential without the more significant risks and costs associated with developing entirely
new products. |
The INVOS System
Components of the INVOS System
The INVOS System consists of a portable monitoring system, including proprietary technology,
which is used with multiple single-use disposable sensors.
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Monitor. Our oximeter is a portable monitor that uses our proprietary technology to
analyze information received from the disposable sensors. It provides a continuous digital
and trend display of an index of the oxygen saturation in the region of the body under the
sensors. The monitor includes menus for users to set high and low audible alarms,
customize the display and retrieve data. Single-function keys allow users to silence
alarms, mark important events, store data for up to 28 surgical procedures, and retrieve
data by USB storage device or through a direct link to a computer. Our four-channel
cerebral and somatic INVOS System monitor, which we launched in the second quarter of 2006,
measures approximately 11 inches wide, 9 inches high, and 7 inches deep and weighs
approximately 11 pounds. We provide a one-year warranty on the monitor. As of November
30, 2008, we had an installed base of 2,523 INVOS System monitors in the United States in
714 hospitals. |
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Disposable sensors. Each single-use disposable sensor contains a light source and two
light detectors. For multi-channel cerebral monitoring, disposable sensors are placed on
both sides of a patients forehead and are connected to the monitor, which allows for
monitoring both sides of the brain. Our four-channel cerebral and somatic INVOS System
monitor, which we launched in the second quarter of 2006, can display information from four
sensors. This feature allows for the simultaneous monitoring of changes in blood oxygen
saturation in tissues beneath the sensors in four different places in the body in patients
with or at risk for restricted blood flow. The number of sensors used depends on the
application. The INVOS System is being used to monitor simultaneously the brain and other
tissue initially for patients in the pediatric and neonatal ICU and for monitoring other,
non-brain tissue alone, and we expect that it will later also be used on adults for other,
non-brain tissue. The disposable sensors contain information that is processed by the
INVOS System allowing it to automatically calibrate each sensor. During our fiscal year
ended November 30, 2008, net revenues from our disposable sensors comprised approximately
72 percent of our net revenues. During fiscal 2008 we sold 424,647 sensors worldwide. |
Overview of INVOS Technology
Our proprietary In Vivo Optical Spectroscopy, or INVOS, technology is based primarily on the
physics of optical spectroscopy. Optical spectroscopy is the interpretation of the interaction
between matter and light.
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Spectrometers and spectrophotometers function primarily by shining light through matter and
measuring the extent to which the light is transmitted through, scattered by or absorbed by the
matter. Physicians and scientists can use spectrophotometers to examine human blood and tissue.
Although most human tissue is opaque to ordinary light, some wavelengths penetrate tissue more
easily than others. Therefore, by shining appropriate wavelengths of light into the body and
measuring its transmission, scattering and absorption, or a combination of each, physicians can
obtain information about the matter under analysis. Optical spectroscopy generates no ionizing
radiation and produces no known hazardous effects.
By identifying the hemoglobin and the oxygenated hemoglobin and measuring the relative amounts
of each, oxygen saturation of hemoglobin can be measured. However, traditional optical
spectroscopy was generally not useful when the substances to be measured were surrounded by, were
behind or were near bone, muscle or other tissue, because they produce extraneous data that
interferes with analysis of the data from the area being examined.
We have developed a method of reducing extraneous spectroscopic data caused by surrounding
bone, muscle and other tissue. This method, which is embedded in our INVOS System, allows us to
gather information about portions of the body that previously could not be analyzed using
traditional optical spectroscopy. The INVOS System measurement is made by our disposable sensors
transmitting low-intensity visible and near-infrared light through a portion of the body and
detecting the manner in which the molecules of the exposed substance interact with light at
specific wavelengths.
Each single-use disposable sensor contains a light source and two light detectors. The dual
detector design of the sensor enables us to measure scattered light intensities from the
intermediate tissues of skin, muscle and bone in a separate process. While both detectors receive
similar information about the tissue between the sensor and the area under examination, the
detector further from the light source detects light that has penetrated deeper into the body, and,
therefore, receives more information specific to the brain or other tissue under examination than
does the detector closer to the light source. By comparing the two measurements, our INVOS
technology is able to suppress the influence of the tissues between the sensor and the brain or
other tissue under examination to provide a measurement of changes in brain or other tissue blood
oxygen saturation.
Applications and Market Segments
We target the sale of the INVOS System for use in surgical procedures and other critical care
situations with a high risk of oxygen imbalances. We believe that our INVOS System has
applications for cerebral and other tissue monitoring in the following key market segments:
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Cardiac and Carotid Artery Surgery. Until the first quarter of fiscal 2005, we focused
our marketing efforts primarily on cardiac and carotid artery surgeries. We believed it
would be easier to demonstrate clinical importance of the information provided by the INVOS
System and potentially gain market acceptance for our products in connection with these
surgeries. Moreover, much of the earliest clinical data regarding the use of the INVOS
System involved these surgeries. In September 2000, we received 510(k) clearance from the
FDA to market the model 5100 INVOS System in the United States. Unlike earlier models, the
model 5100 INVOS System has the added capability of being able to monitor pediatric
patients. After receiving this clearance, we expanded our marketing efforts to include
pediatric cardiac surgeries. |
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Pediatric and Neonatal ICU. In the first quarter of fiscal 2005, we initiated selling
and marketing efforts for the INVOS System in the pediatric ICU. We are currently
expanding the use of our INVOS System in the pediatric and neonatal ICUs with the launch
of our smaller sensor in the first half of fiscal 2008. Our four-channel cerebral and
somatic INVOS System monitor, which we launched in the second quarter of 2006, can display
information from four disposable sensors. This feature allows for the simultaneous
monitoring of changes in blood oxygen saturation in tissues beneath the sensor in four
different places in the body in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow. The
INVOS System is being used to monitor simultaneously the brain and other tissue initially
for patients in the pediatric and neonatal ICU. |
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Other Applications. We are also sponsoring and evaluating sponsorship of other clinical
trials which may allow us to more actively target the sale of the INVOS System for use in
other high risk patient populations. If the results of these trials are positive,
following completion of these trials and publication of the results, we intend to target
the sale of the INVOS System for use on high risk patients undergoing major surgeries. We
are also evaluating additional potential market segments for our INVOS System, such as use
in other major surgeries, in the adult ICU, and for applications of the technology in other
tissues in the body. |
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
technology development company. See ICU Data Systems, Inc. above. ICU Data Systems, Inc. has
developed a patented technology that integrates data from a broad array of hospital bedside
devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and infusion devices, into a single bedside
display for comparison, data management and storage. We plan to further develop the
newly-acquired data integration technology and launch a stand-alone device in mid-2009. In
addition, we expect to invest in research and development to combine the ICU Data Systems and
INVOS System technologies in a single product for launch expected in the second half of 2010.
We believe that the markets for this data integration device are similar to the markets we are
pursuing for the INVOS technology described above.
We are also exploring several novel near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging technologies and
products under a Contract Development Agreement with Shirley Research Corporation. See
NeuroPhysics Corporation and Shirley Research Corporation below. Pursuit of some of these
potential market segments may require additional FDA clearance.
Clinical Development
We believe that favorable peer-reviewed publication is a key element to the INVOS Systems
success. Accordingly, we support clinical research programs with third-party clinicians and
researchers intended to demonstrate the need for the INVOS System and the clinical importance of
the information it provides with the specific objective of publishing the results in peer-reviewed
journals. The research includes studies comparing patients managed using information provided by
the INVOS System with other patients, based on measures of patient outcome and hospital costs,
including patient length of stay, length of time on the ventilator, cognitive dysfunction and
incidence of stroke. In addition to the studies described below, we believe that our INVOS System
has been evaluated in over 600 presentations, study abstracts and published papers. During the
second quarter of fiscal 2004, results of the studies described below were presented, which we
believe have contributed to the INVOS System gaining further market penetration. In addition, in
January 2007 the results of the first prospective, randomized clinical trial mentioned below were
published in a peer-reviewed anesthesia journal.
Murkin Study
In the second quarter of 2004, the results of the first prospective, randomized, blinded
intervention study using the INVOS System were presented. The study showed a statistically
significant reduction in incidences of major organ dysfunction when the INVOS System was used to
provide information to help manage regional brain blood oxygen saturation in coronary artery bypass
surgery patients. The 200-patient study was conducted by John Murkin, M.D., professor of
anesthesiology at the University of Western Ontario, and was presented at Outcomes 2004:
Neurobehavioral Assessment, Physiological Monitoring and Cerebral Protective Strategies held in Key
West, Florida. The data and results of the intervention study reported on by Dr. Murkin at
Outcomes 2004 were published as John M. Murkin, M.D., et al., Monitoring Brain Oxygen Saturation
During Coronary Bypass Surgery: A Randomized, Prospective Study, in Anesthesia and Analgesia.
(January 2007).
Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were randomly assigned to the control or
intervention group. Patients in both groups were monitored with the INVOS System during their
operations, but the monitor display in the control group (100 patients) was covered and patients
treatments were managed routinely. In the intervention group (100 patients) the patients
treatments were managed using information from the INVOS System, and the patients received a
pre-determined series of interventions to maintain the INVOS Systems index of regional cerebral
blood oxygen saturation within 75 percent of baseline values taken at the beginning of the
operation.
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Independent observers assessed all of the patients for predefined clinical outcomes. The
complication criteria were those reported by cardiac surgeons to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons
National Database. These complications consist of common adverse outcomes following cardiac
surgery, such as stroke, respiratory failure, renal failure and other major morbidities.
Dr. Murkin found that regional brain oxygen desaturations were quite common and are related to
major organ dysfunction. The intervention group experienced statistically significantly fewer
incidents of major organ dysfunction than the control group: three patients in the intervention
group experienced incidents of major organ morbidity or mortality, compared to 11 patients in the
control group. With respect to stroke specifically, one patient in the intervention group
experienced a stroke, compared to four patients in the control group. The difference was not
statistically significant.
A financial analysis of Dr. Murkins data was conducted by Leaden Hickman, Ph.D., assistant
professor, health sciences and administration at the University of Michigan, and Dr. Murkin. This
analysis was presented at Outcomes 2005: Neurobehavioral Assessment, Physiological Monitoring and
Cerebral Protective Strategies held in Key West, Florida in May 2005. The analysis showed
measurable cost differences between the intervention and control groups. Total cost per patient
was lower in the intervention group than in the control group ($14,921 vs. $15,619). This
difference was not statistically significant. The potential complication avoidance results in a
total savings of $231,540, or a savings of $1,158 per patient averaged over the entire study group.
The data and results of the financial analysis conducted by Leaden Hickman, Ph.D., and presented
at Outcomes 2005, have not been published in a peer-reviewed publication.
Goldman Study
In the second quarter of 2004, the results of a retrospective, blinded intervention study
using the INVOS System were presented. The study showed a statistically significant reduction in
permanent stroke when information from the INVOS System was used to help manage regional brain
blood oxygen saturation in cardiac surgery patients. The principal investigator in the
2,279-patient study was Scott Goldman, M.D., chairman of the department of surgery at
Pennsylvania-based Main Line Health Center, Lankenau Hospital. Findings from the study were
presented at the Cardiothoracic Techniques and Technologies Annual Meeting in March 2004 and were
published as Scott Goldman, M.D., et al., Optimizing Intraoperative Cerebral Oxygen Delivery Using
Noninvasive Cerebral Oximetry Decreases the Incidence of Stroke for Cardiac Surgical Patients, in
The Heart Surgery Forum #2004-1062 (September 2004).
The study included all patients who underwent cardiac surgery for any reason at the Lankenau
Hospital and Institute for Medical Research from July 1, 2000 to June 30, 2003. The control group
consisted of 1,245 patients who underwent surgery in the 18 months before cerebral oximetry
monitoring with the INVOS System was introduced at the hospital on January 1, 2002. The study
group consisted of 1,034 patients who underwent surgery during the following 18 months and were
monitored with the INVOS System. Operative techniques were modified in the study group to maintain
cerebral oximetry values at or near the pre-operative baseline throughout the surgery. The study
group included a significantly sicker population of patients than the control group, as determined
by pre-operative New York Heart Association, or NYHA, classification and co-morbidities.
The incidence of permanent stroke in the study group (0.97 percent) was statistically
significantly less than in the control group (2.01 percent), despite a sicker population according
to the higher NYHA class of the study group. Although the incidence of permanent stroke was lower
in the study group, the incidence of all neurologic dysfunction, including stroke and transient
ischemic attack, was similar in the two groups. The proportion of patients requiring prolonged
ventilation also was statistically significantly smaller in the study group, 6.8 percent, compared
to 10.6 percent in the control group. Total ventilator time was statistically significantly
shorter in the study group (four hours) than the control group (five hours). The length of
hospital stay was similar overall in the two groups, but was statistically significantly shorter in
the study group when examined by pre-operative NYHA classifications of patients.
Dr. Goldmans later analysis of these data concluded that the difference in incidence of
cerebrovascular accidents, or CVA, between the two groups translated into a potential avoidance of
12 CVAs in the study group and approximately $254,214 in direct costs and more than $425,000 in
total costs.
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Diabetic Patients Studies
In the second quarter of 2005, Dr. Murkin presented the results of a 56-patient sub-study of
his prospective, randomized, blinded intervention study using the INVOS System described above
under Murkin Study. The sub-study showed that avoidance of cerebral oxygen desaturations in
actively managed diabetic coronary artery bypass graft patients was associated with improved
clinical outcomes. The sub-study was presented at the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists
27th Annual Meeting in Baltimore. The data and results of the intervention study
presented by Dr. Murkin in Baltimore have not been published in a peer-reviewed publication.
Diabetic patients have impaired cerebral autoregulation and oxygenation during cardiopulmonary
bypass surgery. This sub-study analyzed outcomes of two coronary artery bypass graft patient
groups: an intervention group of diabetic and non-diabetic patients who were monitored with the
INVOS System and received a pre-determined series of interventions to maintain the INVOS Systems
index of regional cerebral blood oxygen saturation within 75 percent of baseline values taken at
the beginning of the operation and a control group of diabetic and non-diabetic patients who were
monitored with the INVOS System, but the display was covered and the patients were managed
routinely. Diabetic patients in the intervention group required shorter ventilation (nine hours
versus 30 hours), shorter stays in the ICU (30 hours versus 69 hours) and shorter hospital stays
(5.5 days versus 8.4 days) than diabetic patients in the control group. All of these differences
were statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences between the
regional cerebral oxygen saturation levels of the diabetic patients in the intervention group and
the levels of the non-diabetic patients in the intervention group.
Other Future Studies
We are sponsoring and evaluating sponsoring other clinical trials which may allow us to more
actively target the sale of the INVOS System for use in other high risk patient populations. In
addition, in early 2008, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons began collecting cerebral oximetry
information as part of its STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database, which is used to develop practice
standards intended to improve qualify and safety.
Marketing, Sales and Distribution
Marketing
We market the INVOS System primarily to cardiac and vascular surgeons, anesthesiologists,
pediatric and neonatal ICU physicians, and other medical professionals. We believe that these
specialists are the medical professionals most aware of the risks of brain and other damage
resulting from oxygen imbalances. We believe that the data integration technology will be marketed
to the same specialists and medical professionals as our INVOS technology.
We believe that favorable peer-reviewed publication is a key element to the INVOS Systems
success. Accordingly, we support clinical research programs with third-party clinicians and
researchers intended to demonstrate the need for the INVOS System and the clinical importance of
the information it provides with the specific objective of publishing the results in peer-reviewed
journals. The research includes studies comparing patients managed based on information provided
by the INVOS System with similarly situated patients not managed based on information provided by
the INVOS System, based on measures of patient outcomes and hospital costs, including patient
length of stay, length of time on the ventilator, cognitive dysfunction and incidence of stroke.
We attend trade shows and medical conferences to promote the INVOS System and to meet medical
professionals with an interest in performing research and reporting their results in peer-reviewed
medical journals and at major international medical conferences. We also sponsor peer-to-peer
educational opportunities, promote use of the INVOS System in regional centers of influence that we
believe will influence its adoption by others, and participate in targeted public relations
opportunities.
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Sales and Distribution
We sell the INVOS System through a direct sales team in the United States, the size of which
has increased from 44 persons at the end of fiscal 2006 to 55 persons at the end of fiscal 2008,
and two independent sales representative firms. The direct sales team will also be expected to
sell our integrated data device. We expect to increase the size of our U.S. direct sales team in
fiscal 2009. We believe the selling cycle for the INVOS System is approximately six to nine
months, although given the current economic downturn in the United States and abroad, we believe
that the sales cycle could be lengthened significantly.
Outside the United States, we have distribution agreements with independent distributors
covering 64 countries for the INVOS System. Our distributors for the INVOS System include
Covidien, formerly Tyco Healthcare, in Europe, the Middle East, South Africa and Canada, and
Edwards Lifesciences Ltd., formerly Baxter Limited, in Japan. We are planning to hire direct
salespersons and clinical specialists in Europe to support Covidien and to sell our integrated data
device. We also have two international sales consultants. For fiscal 2008, 20 percent of our net
revenues were represented by international sales.
We offer a no capital cost sales program in the United States whereby we ship the INVOS System
monitor to the customer at no charge. It has been our experience that many hospitals in the United
States prefer to use this method to acquire INVOS System monitors.
We did not have any backlog of firm orders as of January 10, 2009 or as of January 10, 2008.
We generally do not have a backlog of firm orders because we generally ship product upon receipt of
a customer order.
For a description of sales to major customers, see Note 9 of Notes to Financial Statements
included in Item 8 of this report. Covidien, formerly Tyco Healthcare, was our largest customer in
fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006. We are dependent on our sales to Covidien and Edwards Lifesciences,
and the loss of either of them as a customer would have an adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations in the near-term, until such time as they could be
replaced as our distributor in the respective market.
Our international sales were $9,420,472 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008,
$7,024,902 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007 and $5,424,536 for the fiscal year ended
November 30, 2006, including approximately $6,698,000 in fiscal 2008, $5,043,000 in fiscal 2007 and
$4,211,000 in fiscal 2006 to Covidien, our distributor in Europe, the Middle East, South Africa and
Canada, and approximately $2,118,000 in fiscal 2008, $1,431,000 in fiscal 2007 and $910,000 in
fiscal 2006 to Edwards Lifesciences Ltd., our distributor in Japan. See Note 9 of Notes to
Financial Statements. For a description of the breakdown of sales between INVOS System monitors
and sensors, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations Results of Operations in Item 7 of this report.
Research and Development
Our research and development activities are conducted internally by a staff consisting of 15
employees. We have developed a smaller sensor for use with infants and are making other advances
to the design and performance features of the INVOS System, including the disposable sensor. We
are also working to interface our INVOS System with multi-functional monitors provided by other
manufacturers. We also plan to further develop our newly-acquired data integration technology as a
stand-alone device. In addition, we plan to combine the ICU Data Systems and INVOS System
technologies in a single product for launch in the second half of 2010. Our research, development
and engineering expenditures were $1,259,227 during fiscal 2008, $668,815 during fiscal 2007 and
$1,582,521 during fiscal 2006. We expect our research, development and engineering expenses to
increase in fiscal 2009 primarily as a result of development costs associated with the acquired ICU
Data Systems, Inc. technology, development costs associated with advances to the design and
performance features of the INVOS System, including the disposable sensor, development costs
associated with our Contract Development Agreement with Shirley Research Corporation, and the
hiring of additional research and development personnel.
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NeuroPhysics Corporation and Shirley Research Corporation
We entered into a Contract Development and Exclusive Licensing Agreement with NeuroPhysics
Corporation as of September 18, 2006. The agreement provided us with feasibility research,
contract development and consulting services and certain ownership and licensing rights, subject to
the rights of the United States Federal government, to intellectual property and technical
knowledge associated with several novel near-infrared spectroscopy, or NIRS, and imaging
technologies and products under development at NeuroPhysics. We paid an initial license fee of
$1,000,000. We terminated this agreement in February 2009, except for various provisions regarding
our ownership of the technology related to the potential new products. In February 2009, we
entered into a similar agreement with Shirley Research Corporation and Hugh F. Stoddart and Hugh A.
Stoddart, formerly of NeuroPhysics Corporation, and have agreed to pay monthly development and
consulting fees of $15,000 a month during the term of the agreement and a royalty on future sales
of the new products.
Shirley Research Corporation is in the early stage of feasibility research and development of
several NIRS-based technologies and products, including a novel approach to depth resolved NIRS
measurements. In addition to this NIRS-based, depth-resolved technology, products that may be
developed under the agreement include (1) a fetal cerebral oximetry system, (2) a monitor for
measuring oxygen saturation in deep tissues for assessing hemorrhagic shock, (3) devices to assess
tumors or swelling containing blood, including in the brain of head trauma victims and neonates
with intra-ventricular hemorrhage, (4) a continuous and non-invasive blood gas monitor, and (5) a
new imaging concept intended to improve resolution and expand the applicability of endoscopes. We
may terminate any or all of the projects under this agreement at any time. We might not be able to
develop these technologies or products into commercially viable products, and competitors might
develop and market similar products before we do.
Manufacturing
We assemble the INVOS System and intend to assemble our data integration device in our
facilities in Troy, Michigan, from components purchased from outside suppliers. We assemble the
INVOS System to control its quality and costs and to permit us to make changes to the INVOS System
faster than we could if third parties assembled it. Although we believe that most components are
generally available from several potential suppliers, we depend on one supplier for one of our
components. We are not aware of any validated alternative supplier for this component, although we
are currently in the process of evaluating a second source of supply and are carrying approximately
a six-month supply of this component. Moreover, we typically use one supplier for custom-designed
components, including the unit enclosure, the printed circuit boards, other mechanical components
and the disposable sensor. We are currently dependent on one manufacturer of the sensor and
another component of the INVOS System, and we believe that it would require approximately four to
five months to change sensor suppliers. We do not currently intend to manufacture on a commercial
scale the disposable sensor or the components of the INVOS System.
We received ISO 13485 certification and met the requirements under the European Medical Device
Directive to use the CE Mark, thereby allowing us to continue to market our INVOS System and
disposable sensor in the European Economic Community. Our most recent ISO 13485 compliance
surveillance audit occurred in June 2008.
Competition
We believe that the markets for cerebral and somatic oximetry products may become highly
competitive. In the United States, we believe there is currently only two other companies with FDA
clearance to sell a cerebral oximeter. In December 2005, one U.S. competitor announced that it
received 510(k) clearance to market a cerebral oximeter, and they began sales of their product
during 2007. Outside the United States, several Japanese manufacturers offer competitive products
for sale in that country and primarily for research in other parts of the world, but, to our
knowledge, none has pursued FDA clearance to market its product in the United States. We are aware
that several companies and individuals are engaged in the research and development of non-invasive
cerebral oximeters, and we believe that there are several other potential entrants into the market.
Other companies have FDA clearance to market somatic oximeters in the United States. Competition
might cause our sales cycle to lengthen to the extent that customers take longer to make purchasing
decisions. Competition might also reduce our gross
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margins and market share and prevent us from achieving further market penetration.
Competitors might be more successful than we are in obtaining FDA clearance with broader claims in
their labeling or more successful than we are in manufacturing and marketing their products and may
be able to take advantage of the significant time and effort we have invested to gain medical
acceptance of cerebral oximetry.
We also compete with numerous medical equipment companies and medical device integration
companies for the portions of hospital budgets allocated to capital equipment and for the limited
amount of space on a patients forehead for sensors. The medical products industry is
characterized by extensive research and development and intense competition in an increasingly
cost-conscious environment. Some of these potential competitors have well-established reputations,
customer relationships and marketing, distribution and service networks. Some of them have
substantially longer histories in the medical products industry, larger product lines and greater
financial, technical, manufacturing, research and development and management resources than we do.
Many of these potential competitors have long-term product supply relationships with our potential
customers. These potential competitors might be able to use their resources, reputations and
ability to leverage existing customer relationships to give them a competitive advantage over us,
including in securing forehead sensor space for their products and dollars from hospital capital
equipment budgets to purchase their products. They might also succeed in developing products that
are at least as reliable and effective as our products, that make additional measurements, that are
less costly than our products or that provide alternatives to our products. Competitors might be
more successful than we are in manufacturing and marketing their products and may be able to take
advantage of the significant time and effort we have invested to gain medical acceptance of
cerebral oximetry.
We believe that a manufacturers reputation for producing accurate, reliable, effective,
sterile, patented and technically advanced products, clinical literature associated with leaders in
the field, references from users, features (speed, safety, ease of use, patient and surgeon
convenience and range of applicability), product effectiveness and price are the principal
competitive factors in the medical products industry.
Proprietary Rights Information
We have 11 United States patents and two patents in various foreign countries. These patents
expire on various dates from March 2009 to October 2019. We currently have five patent
applications pending in the United States, including one reissuance application, and have patent
applications in various foreign countries with respect to aspects of our technology relating to the
interaction of light with tissue.
In September 2003, we were issued a new patent by the United States Patent and Trademark
Office covering, among other things, the application of non-invasive, near-infrared spectroscopy to
measure continuously and substantially concurrently a blood metabolite (such as oxygen saturation)
in at least two separate internal regions of the brain. This patent is now the subject of a
reissue proceeding in the United States Patent and Trademark Office. We requested the reissuance
of this patent because we believe that we are entitled to broader claims than those that were
originally issued. A competitor has requested re-examination of this patent, and the reissuance
and re-examination proceedings have been combined. The outcome of the reissue and re-examination
proceeding cannot be predicted, and the claims which ultimately issue may be broader in scope than
the original claims, they may be narrower in scope than the original claims, they may be the same
in scope as the original claims or they may be rejected. The corresponding Australian patent for
Multi-Channel, Noninvasive, Tissue Oximeter issued in December 2003, will expire in October 2019.
This patent is pending in other markets outside the United States. We believe the inventions
covered in this patent are important to providing a high quality cerebral oximeter in the clinical
setting.
Our other patents cover methods and apparatuses for introducing light into a body part and
receiving, measuring and analyzing the transmitted light and its interaction with tissue. These
methods also involve receiving, measuring and analyzing the light transmissivity of various body
parts of a single subject, as well as of body parts of different subjects, which provides a
standard against which a single subject can be compared.
Many other patents have previously been issued to third parties involving optical spectroscopy
and the interaction of light with tissue, some of which relate to the use of optical spectroscopy
in the area of brain metabolism monitoring, the primary use of the INVOS System. We are not aware
of any infringement of the claims
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of any issued patents by our products or by their methods of use, and no charge of patent
infringement has been asserted against us.
In addition to our patent rights, we have obtained United States Trademark registrations for
our trademarks SOMANETICS, INVOS, SOMASENSOR, WINDOW TO THE BRAIN, REFLECTING THE COLOR OF
LIFE, ENLIGHTENING MEDICINE, CORRESTORE, OXYALERT, OXYALERT NIRSENSOR, and ICURO.
United States Trademark applications for AUC and AREA UNDER THE CURVE have been allowed and
United States Trademark applications for SCR, SCR and design, SOMANETICS ALLIANCE, and
SOMANETICS ALLIANCE and design are pending. We have also obtained registrations of our basic
mark, SOMANETICS, in twelve foreign countries and the European Union and it is pending in two
other foreign countries, and have the marks BRAINSENSOR, BRAINSENSOR SOMASENSOR, INVOS,
INVOS (transliteration), OXYALERT, OXYALERT (stylized), OXYALERT (transliteration),
SOMANETICS (transliteration), and SOMASENSOR registered or pending in other foreign countries.
We also rely on trade secret, copyright and other laws and on confidentiality agreements to
protect our technology, but we believe that neither our patents nor our other legal rights will
necessarily prevent third parties from developing or using a similar or a related technology to
compete against our products. Moreover, our technology primarily represents improvements or
adaptations of known optical spectroscopy technology, which might be duplicated or discovered
through our patents, reverse engineering or both.
In addition, ICU Data Systems developed a patented technology that integrates data from a
broad array of hospital bedside devices into a single bedside display for comparison, data
management and storage. The patent underlying the technology is licensed by us from the University
of Florida College of Medicine and Engineering and expires in 2023.
Government Regulation
Our products are medical devices subject to extensive regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, or FDA, under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or FDCA. FDA regulations
govern, among other things, the following activities that we perform:
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product labeling; |
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product storage; |
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premarket clearance or approval; |
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advertising and promotion; |
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product sales and distribution; and |
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product event reports and complaint handling. |
Medical devices to be commercially distributed in the U.S. must receive either 510(k)
clearance or a Pre Market Approval, or PMA, from the FDA pursuant to the FDCA, prior to
marketing. Devices deemed to pose relatively less risk are placed in either class I or II, which
requires the manufacturer to submit a premarket notification requesting permission for commercial
distribution; this is known as 510(k) clearance. Some low risk devices are exempted from this
requirement. Devices deemed by the FDA to pose the greatest risk, such as life-sustaining,
life-supporting or implantable devices, or devices deemed not substantially equivalent to a
previously 510(k) cleared device or a preamendment class III device for which PMA applications have
not been called, are placed in class III requiring PMA approval.
510(k) Clearance Pathway. To obtain 510(k) clearance, a manufacturer must submit a premarket
notification demonstrating that the proposed device is substantially equivalent in intended use and
in safety and effectiveness to a previously 510(k) cleared device or a device that was in
commercial distribution before May 28, 1976 for which the FDA has not called for submission of PMA
applications. The FDAs 510(k) clearance pathway usually takes from three to six months, but it
can last longer.
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After a device receives 510(k) clearance, any modification that could significantly affect its
safety or effectiveness, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, requires a
new 510(k) clearance or could require a PMA approval. The FDA requires each manufacturer to make
this determination in the first instance, but the FDA can review any such decision. If the FDA
disagrees with a manufacturers decision not to seek a new 510(k) clearance, the agency may
retroactively require the manufacturer to seek 510(k) clearance or PMA approval. The FDA also can
require the manufacturer to cease marketing and/or recall the modified device until 510(k)
clearance or PMA approval is obtained, to redesign the device or to submit new data or information
to the FDA.
PMA Approval Pathway. A product not eligible for 510(k) clearance must follow the PMA
approval pathway, which requires proof of the safety and effectiveness of the device to the FDAs
satisfaction. The PMA approval pathway is much more costly, lengthy and uncertain. It generally
takes from one to three years or even longer. A PMA application must provide extensive preclinical
and clinical trial data and also information about the device and its components regarding, among
other things, device design, manufacturing and labeling. As part of the PMA review, the FDA will
typically inspect the manufacturers facilities for compliance with Quality System Regulation, or
QSR, requirements, which impose elaborate testing, control, documentation and other quality
assurance procedures. The PMA can include postapproval conditions that the FDA believes necessary
to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the device including, among other things, restrictions on
labeling, promotion, sale and distribution. Failure to comply with the conditions of approval can
result in material adverse enforcement action, including the loss or withdrawal of the approval.
Even after approval of a PMA, a new PMA or PMA supplement is required in the event of certain
modifications to the device, its labeling or its manufacturing process. Supplements to a PMA often
require the submission of the same type of information required for an original PMA, except that
the supplement is generally limited to that information needed to support the proposed change from
the product covered by the original PMA.
Clinical Trials. A clinical trial is almost always required to support a PMA application and
is sometimes required for a premarket notification. All clinical studies of investigational
devices must be conducted in compliance with FDAs requirements. If an investigational device
could pose a significant risk to patients (as defined in the regulations), the FDA must approve an
Investigational Device Exemption, or IDE, application prior to initiation of investigational use.
An IDE application must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory test
results, showing that it is safe to test the device in humans and that the testing protocol is
scientifically sound. FDA typically grants IDE approval for a specified number of patients to be
treated at specified study centers. A nonsignificant risk device does not require FDA approval of
an IDE. Both significant risk and nonsignificant risk investigational devices require approval
from institutional review boards, or IRBs, at the study centers where the device will be used or
from private IRBs.
During the study, the sponsor must comply with the FDAs IDE requirements for investigator
selection, trial monitoring, reporting, and record keeping. The investigators must obtain patient
informed consent, rigorously follow the investigational plan and study protocol, control the
disposition of investigational devices, and comply with all reporting and record keeping
requirements. Most IDE requirements apply to all investigational devices, whether considered
significant or nonsignificant risk. Prior to granting PMA approval and at times 510(k) clearance,
the FDA typically inspects the records relating to the conduct of the study and the clinical data
supporting the application for compliance with IDE requirements.
Postmarket. After a device is placed on the market, numerous regulatory requirements apply.
These include: the QSR, labeling regulations, the FDAs general prohibition against promoting
products for unapproved or off-label uses, the Medical Device Reporting regulation (which
requires that manufacturers report to the FDA if their device may have caused or contributed to a
death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to a death
or serious injury if it were to recur), and the Reports of Corrections and Removals regulation
(which requires manufacturers to report recalls, field and other remedial actions to the FDA if
initiated to reduce a risk to health posed by the device or to remedy a violation of the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act caused by the device that may present a risk to health, and maintain
records of other corrections or removals).
FDA enforces these requirements by inspection and market surveillance. If the FDA finds a
violation, it can institute a wide variety of enforcement actions, ranging from a public warning
letter to more severe sanctions such as:
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fines, injunctions, consent decrees and civil penalties; |
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repair, replacement, refunds, recall or seizure of products; |
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limitations on exports; |
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operating restrictions or partial suspension or total shutdown of production; |
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refusing or delaying our requests for 510(k) clearance or PMA approval of new products
or new intended uses; |
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withdrawing 510(k) clearance or PMA approvals already granted; and |
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criminal prosecution. |
In October 1997, we obtained FDA clearance for an earlier generation INVOS System
incorporating advances in our INVOS technology. In September 2000, we received 510(k) clearance
from the FDA to market the model 5100 INVOS System in the United States. Unlike earlier models,
the model 5100 INVOS System has the added capability of being able to monitor pediatric patients.
In November 2005, we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor
changes in somatic tissue blood oxygen saturation in regions of the body other than the brain in
patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow. In May 2008, we received 510(k) clearance from
the FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor changes in blood oxygen saturation in any tissues
beneath the sensor, not limited to brain and somatic tissue, in any individual. Our most recent
FDA QSR inspection occurred in May 2007.
If any of our current or future FDA clearances or approvals are rescinded or denied, sales of
our applicable products in the United States would be prohibited during the period we do not have
such clearances or approvals. In such cases we would consider shipping the product internationally
and/or assembling it overseas if permissible and if we determine such product to be ready for
commercial shipment. The FDAs current policy is that a medical device that is not in commercial
distribution in the United States, but which needs 510(k) clearance to be commercially distributed
in the United States, can be exported without submitting an export request and prior FDA clearance
under certain conditions.
Congress has enacted the Medical Device User Fee Modernization Act of 2007 and the Food and
Drug Administration Amendment Act of 2007. Among other things, these laws change provisions which
permit the assessment of user fees for product approvals and clearances. Given the recent
enactment of this law, the effect of the law as it relates to us and our products is still unknown,
other than that we will have to pay the FDA to review our 510(k) submissions or our PMA submissions
if we make any. We do not currently have any 510(k) submissions pending.
We are also subject to numerous federal, state and local laws relating to such matters as safe
working conditions, manufacturing practices, environmental protection, fire hazard control and
disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances.
Seasonality
Our business is seasonal. Our fourth quarter has typically been our strongest quarter due to
a larger number of patients undergoing procedures using the INVOS System, including sensors, and
higher INVOS System monitor revenues associated with hospital budgeting cycles.
Employees
As of February 6, 2009, we had 115 full-time employees, including 63 in sales and marketing,
15 in research and development, 13 in general and administration and 24 in manufacturing, quality
and service. We also employed one part-time individual in general and administration. In
addition, we use four contract employees, and we use two consultants. Included in the employee
numbers above are three research and development employees and one clinical education employee that
became our employees upon our acquisition of ICU Data Systems, Inc.s assets in November 2008. We
believe that our future success is dependent, in large part, on our ability to attract and retain
highly qualified managerial, sales, marketing, technical and manufacturing personnel. We expect to
add additional sales and marketing and research and development employees in fiscal 2009. Our
employees are not
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represented by a union or subject to a collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our
relations with our employees are good.
Insurance
Because the INVOS System and the data integration device are intended to be used in hospital
critical care units with patients who may be seriously ill or may be undergoing dangerous
procedures, we might be exposed to serious potential product liability claims. We have obtained
product liability insurance with a liability limit of $5,000,000. We also maintain coverage for
property damage or loss, general liability, business interruption, travel-accident, directors and
officers liability and workers compensation. We do not maintain key-man life insurance.
Where You Can Get Information We File With The SEC
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. You can read and copy any materials we file with the
Securities and Exchange Commission at the Securities and Exchange Commissions Public Reference
Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation
of the Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330.
The Securities and Exchange Commission also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy
and information statements and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file
electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The address of the Securities and
Exchange Commissions website is http://www.sec.gov.
We also maintain a website at http://www.somanetics.com. We make available free of charge on
or through our website, our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current
reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such
material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. We will voluntarily
provide electronic or paper copies of our filings free of charge upon request.
This report includes statistical data that were obtained from industry publications. These
industry publications generally indicate that the authors of these publications have obtained
information from sources believed to be reliable but do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness
of their information. While we believe these industry publications to be reliable, we have not
independently verified their data.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully
consider the specific factors described below, together with the cautionary statement under the
caption Forward Looking Statements below and in Item 7 of this report and the other information
included in this report, before purchasing our common shares. The risks described below are not
the only ones that we face. Additional risks that are not yet known to us or that we currently
think are immaterial could also impair our business, financial condition or results of operations.
If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of
operations could be adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common shares could
decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business
Our future growth depends on increased market acceptance of our INVOS System in existing market
segments and market acceptance in new market segments.
Since sales of the INVOS System, including disposable sensors, currently account for
substantially all of our revenues, our future growth will depend on the degree to which our INVOS
System is accepted by hospitals and clinicians in our existing market segments and in new market
segments, such as the neonatal ICU, major surgeries involving high risk patients and other
applications. There are numerous factors that could adversely impact market acceptance of our
INVOS System.
Part of our marketing strategy is to encourage and support clinical research programs. We
depend on favorable peer-reviewed publication and successful clinical use of our products for our
success. The INVOS System has not had extensive clinical use in the new market segments. We
cannot assure you that additional research papers will be published or that any such papers will
conclude that the INVOS System provides information that is clinically important. In addition,
researchers might publish results that do not support the clinical importance of the information
provided by the INVOS System or that conclude that another product provides better or more
important information. Performance problems or adverse research results could prevent acceptance
of the product in existing and new market segments, adversely affect our reputation in the medical
community, result in unexpected expense and adversely affect future sales.
In addition, we compete with numerous medical equipment companies and medical device
integration companies for the portions of hospital budgets allocated to capital equipment and for
the limited amount of space on a patients forehead for sensors. Sales of our INVOS System and
data integration device might be limited or delayed because of resistance to major capital
equipment expenditures by hospital purchasing committees. Even if we are successful in convincing
physicians, other medical professionals and hospital purchasing committees that the INVOS System or
data integration device provides valuable benefits, they might be unwilling or unable to commit
funds to the purchase of the INVOS System or data integration device due to budgetary constraints.
Moreover, even if one or two units are sold to a hospital, we believe that it will take additional
time and experience with the INVOS System or data integration device before additional medical
professionals in the hospital might be interested in using the INVOS System in other procedures or
other areas of the hospital.
Sales of all of our products might be limited because hospitals might fear that the cost of a
new device or product will lower their profits because medical insurers generally fix reimbursement
amounts for the procedures in which our products might be used. Moreover, medical professionals
may be reluctant to use our INVOS System or data integration device in some new market segments,
particularly those involving diagnostic applications, unless they receive reimbursement from
medical insurers for using the system. Our INVOS System is not currently cleared by the FDA for
use in the diagnosis of disease states. Additionally, the INVOS System or data integration device
is not currently approved for separate reimbursement, and we might not be able to obtain
reimbursement for these uses of our INVOS System.
If the INVOS System or data integration device fails to achieve market acceptance in existing
or new market segments or if these market segments fail to develop as rapidly as expected, our
business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and our plan to
increase our investments in our direct sales team and our research and development team might not
produce favorable results.
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We are dependent on our international distributors for a substantial portion of our sales, and
their failure to sell our products adequately would adversely affect our business.
We are dependent on our distributors to generate all of our international sales. These
independent distributors might fail to commit the necessary resources to market and sell our
products to the level of our expectations, especially as significant customer education and long
lead times are typically required to market and sell our products successfully. If our
distributors fail to market, promote and sell our products adequately, our business, financial
condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. We might not be able to engage
additional distributors on a timely basis, enter into other third-party marketing arrangements or
retain or replace our existing distributors, when required. If we are unable to engage, replace or
retain distributors, our ability to market and sell our products internationally could be adversely
affected. In addition, if any of our distributor arrangements are terminated or discontinued, we
will likely be faced with increased costs as we attempt to replace these arrangements, and the
terminated distributors might begin to sell a competitors product. Even if we are able to engage
new distributors or retain existing ones, they might incur conflicting obligations to sell other
companies products or they might distribute other products that provide greater revenues to them
than are provided by our products.
Covidien, formerly Tyco Healthcare, our international distributor in Europe, the Middle East,
South Africa and Canada for our INVOS System, accounted for 14 percent, 13 percent and 15 percent
of our net revenues for fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and our current
Distribution Agreement with them expires on February 10, 2010. Edwards Lifesciences Ltd., formerly
Baxter Limited, is our international distributor in Japan for our INVOS System. The loss of either
of these distributors could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations.
The recent global economic crisis has had and may continue to have a negative effect on our
business and operations.
The recent global economic crisis has caused, among other things, lower business spending,
which has had and is expected to continue to have a negative effect on our business and results of
operations, including an increase in the sales cycle for our products and a reduction in our
expected net revenues in fiscal 2009. Many of our customers and suppliers have been affected by
the current economic turmoil. Current or potential customers and suppliers may no longer be in
business, may be unable to fund purchases or determine to reduce purchases, all of which has led
and is expected to continue to lead to reduced demand for our products and increased customer
payment delays. Further, suppliers may not be able to supply us with needed components on a timely
basis, may increase prices or go out of business, which could result in our inability to meet
customer demand or affect our gross margins. The timing and nature of any recovery in the economy
remains uncertain, and there can be no assurance that market conditions will improve in the near
future or that our results will not be materially and adversely affected. Such conditions make it
very difficult to forecast operating results, make business decisions and identify and address
material business risks.
We currently depend on single-source suppliers for key components of the INVOS System, and the
loss of any of these suppliers could harm our ability to manufacture and sell our products,
increase the cost of our components or delay our clinical trials.
We are dependent on various suppliers for manufacturing the components for our INVOS System
and data integration device. Although we believe that most components are generally available from
several potential suppliers, we depend on one supplier for one of our components. We are not aware
of any validated alternative supplier for this component, although we are currently in the process
of evaluating a second source of supply. Moreover, we typically use one supplier for
custom-designed components, including the unit enclosure, the printed circuit boards, other
mechanical components and the disposable sensor. Sensors represented approximately 72 percent of
our net revenues in fiscal 2008. Engaging additional or replacing existing suppliers of
custom-designed components is costly and time consuming. We estimate that it would require
approximately four to five months to change sensor suppliers. We do not intend to maintain
significant inventories of components, other than an approximate six-month supply of the one
component for which we currently have no alternative supplier. If we fail to obtain
custom-designed components from our sole suppliers, if we lose any of our present suppliers and
cannot replace them on a timely basis when necessary, if there is an interruption of production at
one or more of our
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suppliers, or if any supplier is otherwise unable or unwilling to meet our requirements at
current prices or at all, our ability to manufacture and sell our products would be impaired or we
might have to pay higher prices for our components or our clinical trials could be delayed. In
addition, because we do not have long-term agreements with our suppliers, we might be subject to
unexpected price increases which might adversely affect our profit margins.
In addition, we do not have direct control over the activities of our suppliers and are
dependent on them for quality control, capacity, processing technologies and, in required cases,
compliance with FDA Quality System Regulation requirements. If we are unsuccessful in managing our
suppliers, our business could be adversely affected.
We may become subject to competition which may adversely affect us.
We believe that the markets for cerebral and somatic oximetry products and for medical data
integration devices may become highly competitive. In the United States, we believe there is
currently only two other companies with FDA clearance to sell a cerebral oximeter. In December
2005, one U.S. competitor announced that it received 510(k) clearance to market a cerebral
oximeter, and they began sales of their product during 2007. Outside the United States, several
Japanese manufacturers offer competitive products for sale in that country and primarily for
research in other parts of the world, but, to our knowledge, as of yet, none has pursued FDA
clearance to market its product in the United States. We are aware that several companies and
individuals are engaged in the research and development of non-invasive cerebral oximeters, and we
believe that there are several other potential entrants into the market. Other companies have FDA
clearance to market somatic oximeters in the United States. Competition might cause our sales
cycle to lengthen to the extent that customers take longer to make purchasing decisions.
Competition might also reduce our gross margins and market share and prevent us from achieving
further market penetration. Competitors might be more successful than we are in obtaining FDA
clearance with broader claims in their labeling or more successful than we are in manufacturing and
marketing their products and may be able to take advantage of the significant time and effort we
have invested to gain medical acceptance of cerebral oximetry.
We believe there are numerous competitors in the medical device integration market. Some of
these competitors have well-established reputations, customer relationships and marketing,
distribution and service networks. Some of them have substantially longer histories in the medical
products industry, larger product lines and greater financial, technical, manufacturing, research
and development and management resources than we do. Many of these potential competitors have
long-term product supply relationships with our potential customers. However, we plan to further
develop our newly-acquired data integration technology to include derived parameter features which
we believe will differentiate our technology offering.
We also compete with companies that have longer operating histories, more established products
and greater resources than we do for, among other things, forehead monitoring space, limited
hospital capital budgets and alternative products.
The medical products industry is characterized by extensive research and development and
intense competition in an increasingly cost-conscious environment. Some of these potential
competitors have well-established reputations, customer relationships and marketing, distribution
and service networks. Some of them have substantially longer histories in the medical products
industry, larger product lines and greater financial, technical, manufacturing, research and
development and management resources than we do. Many of these potential competitors have
long-term product supply relationships with our potential customers. These potential competitors
might be able to use their resources, reputations and ability to leverage existing customer
relationships to give them a competitive advantage over us, including in securing forehead sensor
space for their products and dollars from hospital capital equipment budgets to purchase their
products. They might also succeed in developing products that are at least as reliable and
effective as our products, that make additional measurements, that are less costly than our
products or that provide alternatives to our products.
If we fail to manage our growth effectively, our business and operating results could be harmed.
If we experience growth in our business, our growth could place a significant strain on our
management, customer service, operations, sales and administrative personnel and other resources.
To serve the needs of our
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existing and future customers, we will be required to train, motivate and manage qualified
employees. We have incurred and will continue to incur significant costs to retain qualified
management, sales and marketing, engineering, production, manufacturing and administrative
personnel, as well as expenses for marketing and promotional activities. Our ability to manage our
planned growth depends upon our success in expanding our operating, management and information and
financial systems, which might significantly increase our operating expenses.
We have invested substantial resources to develop the INVOS System. We expect to continue to
invest resources to develop advances to the design and performance features of the INVOS System,
including the disposable sensor, to interface our INVOS System with multi-functional monitors
provided by other manufacturers, to further develop our newly-acquired data integration technology
as a stand-alone device, and to combine the ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a
single product. New products require extensive testing and regulatory clearance before they can be
marketed, and substantial customer education concerning the products use, advantages and
effectiveness. We might not be able to develop commercially viable products. We might not be able
to manage effectively our future growth, and if we fail to do so, our business, financial condition
and results of operations would be adversely affected.
Patients might assert product liability claims against us.
Because we test, market and sell patient monitoring devices, patients might assert product
liability claims against us. The INVOS System and the data integration device are used in
operating rooms and other critical care hospital units with patients who might be seriously ill or
might be undergoing dangerous procedures. On occasion, patients on whom the INVOS System or data
integration device is being used may be injured or die as a result of their medical treatment or
condition. We might be sued because of such injury or death, and regardless of whether we are
ultimately determined to be liable or our products are determined to be defective and a
contributing factor in such injury or death, we might incur significant legal expenses not covered
by insurance. In addition, product liability litigation could damage our reputation and impair our
ability to market our products, regardless of the outcome. Litigation could also impair our
ability to retain product liability insurance or make our insurance more expensive. We have
product liability insurance with a liability limit of $5,000,000. This insurance is costly and
even though it has been obtained, we might not be able to retain it. Even if we are able to retain
this insurance, it might not be sufficient to protect us in the event of a major defect in the
INVOS System. If we are subject to an uninsured or inadequately insured product liability claim
based on the performance of the INVOS System, our business, financial condition and results of
operations could be adversely affected.
If we fail to obtain and maintain necessary U.S. Food and Drug Administration clearances for our
products and indications or if clearances for future products and indications are delayed or not
issued, our business would be harmed.
Our products are classified as medical devices and are subject to extensive regulation in the
United States by the FDA and other federal, state and local authorities. These regulations relate
to manufacturing, labeling, sale, promotion, distribution, importing and exporting and shipping of
our products. In the United States, before we can market a new medical device, or a new use of, or
claim for, an existing product such as the INVOS System or our data integration device, we must
first receive either 510(k) clearance or premarket approval from the FDA, unless an exemption
applies. Both of these processes can be expensive and lengthy. The FDAs 510(k) clearance process
usually takes from three to six months, but it can last longer. The process of obtaining premarket
approval is much more costly and uncertain than the 510(k) clearance process. It generally takes
from one to three years, or even longer, from the time the premarket approval application is
submitted to the FDA until an approval is obtained.
In order to obtain premarket approval and, in some cases, a 510(k) clearance, a product
sponsor must conduct well-controlled clinical trials designed to test the safety and effectiveness
of the product. Conducting clinical trials generally entails a long, expensive and uncertain
process that is subject to delays and failure at any stage. The data obtained from clinical trials
may be inadequate to support approval or clearance of a submission. In addition, the occurrence of
unexpected findings in connection with clinical trials may prevent or delay obtaining approval or
clearance. If we conduct clinical trials, they may be delayed or halted, or be inadequate to
support approval or clearance.
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Medical devices may be marketed only for the indications for which they are approved or
cleared. The FDA may fail to approve or clear indications that are necessary or desirable for
successful commercialization. Indeed, the FDA may refuse our requests for 510(k) clearance or
premarket approval of new products, or new intended uses or modifications to existing products.
Our clearances can be revoked if safety or effectiveness problems develop.
The FDA might require us to obtain a new clearance to label or promote the INVOS System for
specific patient subgroups; if we fail to obtain such clearances, our sales and revenues may be
adversely affected.
Our INVOS System 510(k) clearance states that the prospective clinical value of the INVOS
System has not been demonstrated in patients with specific disease states. If we wish to label or
promote more actively the INVOS System for specific types of patients, the FDA may require us to
obtain a new 510(k) clearance and would likely carefully scrutinize the data support for any such
claim. We cannot assure you that the FDA would grant additional 510(k) clearances in a timely
fashion, or at all, or that the FDA would not require us to undertake the more burdensome premarket
approval process as a prerequisite for marketing the INVOS System with this type of specific claim.
Any of the above could delay our ability to market and sell new products or to promote the INVOS
System for specific patient subgroups and would thereby have an adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
After clearance or approval of our products, we are subject to continuing regulation by the FDA,
and if we fail to comply with FDA regulations, our business could suffer.
Even after clearance or approval of a product, we are subject to continuing regulation by the
FDA, including the requirements that our facility be registered and our devices listed with the
agency. We are subject to Medical Device Reporting regulations, which require us to report to the
FDA if our products may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunction in a
way that would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury if the malfunction were to
recur. We must report corrections and removals to the FDA where the correction or removal was
initiated to reduce a risk to health posed by the device or to remedy a violation of the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act caused by the device that may present a risk to health, and maintain
records of other corrections or removals. The FDA closely regulates promotion and advertising, and
our promotional and advertising activities could come under scrutiny. If the FDA objects to our
promotional and advertising activities or finds that we failed to submit reports under the Medical
Device Reporting regulations, for example, the FDA may allege our activities resulted in violations
of law.
The FDA and state authorities have broad enforcement powers. Our failure to comply with
applicable regulatory requirements could result in enforcement action by the FDA or state agencies,
which may include any of the following sanctions:
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untitled letters, warning letters, fines, injunctions, consent decrees and civil
penalties; |
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repair, replacement, refunds, recall or seizure of our products; |
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limitations on exports; |
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operating restrictions or partial suspension or total shutdown of production; |
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refusing or delaying our requests for 510(k) clearance or premarket approval of new
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withdrawing 510(k) clearance or premarket approvals that have already been granted; and |
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criminal prosecution. |
If any of these events were to occur, they could harm our business.
We have modified some of our products without FDA clearance. The FDA could retroactively
determine that the modifications were improper and require us to stop marketing and recall the
modified products.
Any modifications to one of our FDA-cleared devices that could significantly affect its safety
or effectiveness, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, requires a new
510(k) clearance or a premarket approval. We may be required to submit extensive pre-clinical and
clinical data depending on the nature
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of the changes. We may not be able to obtain additional 510(k) clearances or premarket
approvals for modifications to, or additional indications for, our existing products in a timely
fashion, or at all. Delays in obtaining future clearances or approvals would adversely affect our
ability to introduce new or enhanced products in a timely manner, which in turn would harm our
revenue and operating results. We have made modifications to our devices in the past, such as
changes to the disposable sensor, and may make additional modifications in the future that we
believe do not or will not require additional clearances or approvals. We believe that these
changes do not require the submission of a new 510(k) notice. If the FDA disagrees, and requires
new clearances or approvals for the modifications, we may be required to recall and to stop
marketing the modified devices, to redesign our products or submit new data or information to the
FDA. This could harm our operating results.
If we fail to comply with the FDAs Quality System Regulation, our manufacturing operations
could be halted, and our business would suffer.
We are currently required to demonstrate and maintain compliance with the FDAs Quality System
Regulation, or QSR. The QSR is a complex regulatory scheme that covers the methods and
documentation of the design, testing, control, manufacturing, labeling, quality assurance,
packaging, storage and shipping of our products. The FDA enforces the QSR through periodic
inspections, which may be unannounced. We have been, and anticipate in the future being, subject
to such inspections. Our failure to comply with the QSR or to take satisfactory corrective action
in response to an adverse QSR inspection could result in enforcement actions, including a public
warning letter, a shutdown of or restrictions on our manufacturing operations, delays in approving
or clearing a product, refusal to permit the import or export of our products, a recall or seizure
of our products, fines, injunctions, civil or criminal penalties, or other sanctions, any of which
could cause our business and operating results to suffer.
Failure to obtain or maintain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions would prevent us from
marketing our products abroad.
We market our products through distributors in foreign markets. In order to market our
products in the European Community and many other foreign jurisdictions, we must obtain separate
regulatory approvals. We depend on our distributors to obtain and maintain certain of these
regulatory approvals. The approval procedure varies among countries and can involve additional
requirements and testing, and the time required to obtain approval may differ from that required to
obtain FDA clearance. The foreign regulatory approval process may include all of the risks
associated with obtaining FDA clearance in addition to other risks. Our distributors might not be
able to obtain or maintain foreign approvals on a timely basis or at all. Clearance by the FDA
does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries, and approval by one foreign
regulatory authority does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other foreign countries
or approval or clearance by the FDA. Failure to obtain or maintain regulatory approval in foreign
jurisdictions would prevent us from marketing our products abroad.
Federal regulatory reforms may adversely affect our ability to sell our products profitably.
From time to time, legislation is drafted and introduced in Congress that could significantly
change the statutory provisions governing clearance or approval, manufacture and marketing of a
device. In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or reinterpreted by the agency
in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products. We cannot predict whether
legislative changes will be enacted or FDA regulations, guidance or interpretations changed, and
what the impact of such changes, if any, may be.
The lengthy sales cycle for the INVOS System could cause variability in our operating results.
The decision-making process for our INVOS System customers is often complex and
time-consuming. We believe the period between initial discussions with a potential customer and a
sale of even one unit is approximately six to nine months. The process can be delayed as a result
of hospital capital budgeting procedures. In addition, the process could be delayed significantly
as a result of the current economic downturn in the United States and abroad. These delays could
have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and cause
variability in our operating results from quarter to quarter, which could cause fluctuations in the
trading price of our common shares.
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Sales employee and clinical specialist employee turnover could have an adverse effect on our
business and cause variability in our operating results.
As we expand the number of our sales employees and clinical specialist employees, and alter
our sales territories, we increase the chance of sales employee turnover. We have incurred and
expect to continue to incur significant costs to hire and train new qualified sales employees. In
addition, the process of replacing sales employees can lengthen our sales cycle. These delays
could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and
could cause variability in our operating results from quarter to quarter, which could adversely
affect the price of our common shares.
If we are unable to obtain or maintain intellectual property rights relating to our technology
and products, the commercial value of our technology and products will likely be adversely
affected and our competitive position could be harmed.
Our success and ability to compete depends in part upon our ability to obtain protection in
the United States and other countries for our products by establishing and maintaining intellectual
property rights relating to or incorporated into our technology and products. We own or license a
variety of patents and patent applications in the United States and corresponding patents and
patent applications in certain foreign jurisdictions. Pending and future patent applications owned
or licensed by us may not issue as patents or, if issued, may not issue in a form that will be
commercially advantageous to us. Even if issued, patents may be challenged, narrowed, invalidated
or circumvented, which could limit our ability to stop competitors from marketing similar products
or limit the length of term of remaining patent protection we may have for our products. In
addition, already issued patents owned or licensed by us may not be valid or enforceable. Further,
even if valid and enforceable, these already issued patents may not be sufficiently broad to
prevent others from marketing competitive products, despite our patent rights. Changes in either
patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States and other countries may
diminish the value of our intellectual property or narrow the scope of our patent protection.
For example, one of our significant patents is the subject of a reissue and re-examination
proceeding in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Our reissue application was filed for the sole
purpose of seeking to broaden certain claims. A competitor has requested re-examination of this
patent, and the reissuance and re-examination proceedings have been combined. We cannot predict
the outcome of this proceeding, which may result in some or all of the claims being maintained,
broadened, narrowed or rejected.
The validity of our patents depends, in part, on whether prior art references disclosed or
rendered obvious our inventions as of the filing date of our patent applications. It is possible
that all relevant prior art may not have been identified, such as U.S. and foreign patents or
published applications or published scientific literature, that could adversely affect the validity
of our issued patents or the patentability of our pending patent applications. For example, patent
applications in the United States are maintained in confidence for up to 18 months after their
filing. In some cases, however, patent applications remain confidential in the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office for the entire time prior to issuance as a U.S. patent. Patent applications filed
in countries outside the United States are also not typically published until at least 18 months
from their first filing date. Similarly, publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent
literature often lags behind actual discoveries.
We may initiate litigation to enforce our patent rights, which may prompt our adversaries in
such litigation to challenge the validity, scope or enforceability of our patents. If a court
decides that one or more of our patents are not valid, not enforceable or of a limited scope, our
rights to stop others from using our inventions may be compromised.
The outcome of litigation to enforce our patent rights is subject to substantial
uncertainties, especially in medical device-related patent cases that may, for example, turn on the
interpretation of patent claim language by the court which may not be to our advantage, and also
the testimony of experts as to technical facts upon which experts may reasonably disagree. Our
involvement in such intellectual property litigation could result in significant expense.
We also cannot be certain that we were the first to invent the cerebral oximeter technologies
upon which our patents are based or that we were the first to file patent applications based upon
those technologies, in those
25
foreign jurisdictions where patent rights are granted to the first to file as opposed to the
first to invent. In the event that a third party has also filed a U.S. patent application covering
our cerebral oximeter devices, the sensors used with these devices, or a similar invention, we may
have to participate in an adversarial proceeding known as an interference, which is declared by the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to determine priority of invention in the United States. It is
possible that we may be unsuccessful in the interference, resulting in a loss of some or all of our
U.S. patent claims. We may also face similar proceedings outside the United States, including
oppositions, to determine priority of invention or patentability. Even if we are successful in
these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs, and the time and attention of our management and
scientific personnel will be diverted in pursuit of these proceedings. Moreover, the laws or
enforcement procedures of some foreign jurisdictions may not protect intellectual property rights
to the same extent as in the United States, and many companies have encountered significant
difficulties in protecting and defending such rights in foreign jurisdictions. If we encounter
such difficulties or if we are otherwise precluded from effectively protecting our intellectual
property rights in foreign jurisdictions, we may incur substantial costs and our business prospects
could be substantially harmed.
We rely on trade secret and copyright protection to protect our interests in proprietary
information and know-how, and for processes for which patents are undesirable to obtain or are
difficult to obtain or enforce. We may not be able to protect our trade secrets or copyrights
adequately. For example, none of our copyrights have been registered with the U.S. Copyright
Office, which limits our ability to sue for and collect damages from third party infringers. In
addition, we rely on non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants and
other parties to protect, in part, trade secrets and other proprietary technology. These
agreements may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach. Moreover, others
may independently develop equivalent proprietary information, and third parties may otherwise gain
access to our trade secrets and proprietary knowledge. Any disclosure of confidential data into
the public domain or to third parties could allow our competitors to learn our trade secrets and
use the information in competition against us.
If we are found to infringe or are alleged to infringe any third party intellectual property
rights, then our business may be adversely affected.
There are numerous U.S. and foreign issued patents and pending patent applications owned by
third parties with patent claims in the field of tissue or organic matter oximetry, including
cerebral oximetry and areas that are the focus of our product development efforts. We are aware of
patents owned by third parties, to which we do not have licenses, that relate to, among other
things, optical spectroscopy and the interaction of light with tissue and optical spectroscopy in
the area of brain metabolism. For example, possible competitors own patents that are directed to
the non-invasive determination of blood oxygen saturation levels with a near infra-red
spectrophotometric sensor and to an apparatus for measuring oxygen saturation in blood using two
different wavelengths of light. There may be other patents in addition to those of which we are
aware that relate to aspects of our technology and that may materially and adversely affect our
business. Moreover, because patent applications can take many years to issue as patents, there may
be currently pending but unpublished patent applications, unknown to us, which may later result in
issued patents that pose a material risk to us.
We may pose a threat to companies that own or control patents relating to cerebral oximetry
systems or their components, or to the manufacture and use of such systems, and one or more third
parties may file a lawsuit asserting a patent infringement claim against the manufacture, use or
sale of the INVOS System based on one or more of these patents. We are not aware of any
infringement of the claims of any issued patents by our products, and no charge of patent
infringement has been asserted against us. However, potential competitors would have more
incentive to assert infringement claims or challenge our patents if a more significant market for
the INVOS System develops.
Whether the manufacture, sale or use of the INVOS System, or whether any products under
development would, upon commercialization, infringe any patent claim will not be known with
certainty unless and until a court interprets the patent claim in the context of litigation. If an
infringement allegation is made against us, we may seek to invalidate the asserted patent claim
and/or to allege non-infringement of the asserted patent claim. In order for us to invalidate a
U.S. patent claim, we would need to rebut the presumption of validity afforded to issued patents in
the United States with clear and convincing evidence of invalidity, which is a high burden of
proof.
26
The outcome of infringement litigation is subject to substantial uncertainties, especially in
medical device-related patent cases that may, for example, turn on the interpretation of patent
claim language by the court which may not be to our advantage, and also the testimony of experts as
to technical facts upon which experts may reasonably disagree. Our defense of an infringement
litigation lawsuit could result in significant expense. Regardless of the outcome, infringement
litigation could significantly disrupt our marketing, development and commercialization efforts,
divert our managements attention and quickly consume our financial resources.
In the event that we are found to infringe any valid claim in a patent held by a third party,
we may, among other things, be required to:
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pay damages, including up to treble damages and the other partys attorneys fees, which
may be substantial; |
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cease the development, manufacture, importation, use and sale of products that infringe
the patent rights of others, including our INVOS System and data integration device,
through a court-imposed sanction called an injunction; |
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expend significant resources to redesign our technology so that it does not infringe
others patent rights, or to develop or acquire non-infringing intellectual property, which
may not be possible; |
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discontinue manufacturing or other processes incorporating infringing technology; and/or |
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obtain licenses to the infringed intellectual property, which may not be available to us
on acceptable terms, or which may not be available at all. |
Any development or acquisition of non-infringing products or technology or licenses could
require the expenditure of substantial time and other resources and could have a materially adverse
effect on our business and financial results. If we are required to, but cannot, obtain a license
to valid patent rights held by a third party, we would likely be prevented from commercializing the
relevant product, or from further manufacture, sale or use of the relevant product. If we need to
redesign products or need to develop new methods to avoid third-party patents, we may suffer
significant regulatory delays associated with conducting additional studies or submitting
technical, manufacturing or other information related to the redesigned product and, ultimately, in
obtaining approval.
While our products are in clinical trials, and prior to commercialization, we believe our
activities in the United States related to the submission of data to the FDA fall within the scope
of the exemptions that cover activities related to developing information for submission to the FDA
and fall under general investigational use or similar laws in other countries. However, the U.S.
exemptions would not cover the manufacturing, sale or use of products which are no longer in
clinical trials, or other activities in the United States that support overseas clinical trials if
those activities are not also reasonably related to developing information for submission to the
FDA. In any event, the fact that no third party has asserted a patent infringement claim against
us to date should not be taken as an indication, or as a level of comfort, that a patent
infringement claim will not be asserted against us prior to or upon commercialization.
Some of our agreements, including our distribution and sales representative agreements require
us to indemnify the other party in certain circumstances where our products have been found to
infringe a patent or other proprietary rights of others. An indemnification claim against us may
require us to pay substantial sums to the indemnified party, including its attorneys fees.
Our success depends on our ability to attract and retain key personnel.
Our future performance depends in significant part on the continued service of our senior
management, including Bruce J. Barrett, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and various
scientific, technical and manufacturing personnel. Our loss of any of these key personnel could
have an adverse effect on us. We do not maintain key-man life insurance on any of our key
personnel, and our employment agreement with Mr. Barrett currently expires June 17, 2011. In
addition, competition for qualified employees is intense, and if we are unable to attract, retain
and motivate additional, highly-skilled employees required for the expansion of our operations, our
business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to retain our existing personnel or attract additional, qualified
persons when required and on acceptable terms.
27
Any acquisitions that we make could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition.
From time to time, we evaluate potential strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses,
products or technologies, as well as consider joint ventures and other collaborative projects. For
example, in November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
technology development company, for approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of
specified liabilities. We may not be able to identify appropriate acquisition candidates or
strategic partners, or successfully negotiate, finance or integrate any businesses, products or
technologies that we acquire. Any acquisition we pursue could diminish our cash otherwise
available to us for other uses or be dilutive to our shareholders, and could divert managements
time and resources from our core operations.
We have had limited success in marketing the CorRestore System, which could result in claims
against us.
Since we acquired rights in the CorRestore System in 2000, we have had limited success in
marketing the system. The CorRestore System is an alternative method to existing patches also used
for cardiac reconstruction and repair that are significantly less expensive and at least one study
indicates are effective. There are also alternative methods of treating congestive heart failure.
Surgical Ventricular Restoration, or SVR, is in the early stages of its development and will likely
require significant clinical studies before it is widely accepted. There are many larger companies
in this industry that have significantly larger research and development budgets than ours.
Competitors may be able to develop additional or better treatments for congestive heart failure and
may be able to take advantage of the significant time and effort we have invested to gain medical
acceptance of SVR surgeries.
We entered into a license agreement with respect to the CorRestore System in 2002. Although
we believe we have complied with our obligations under the license agreement, our limited success
in marketing the CorRestore System could result in claims against us. If we are required to pay
any significant amounts to defend or as a result of any such claims, our results of operations
would be adversely affected.
We have broad discretion to determine how to allocate our cash, cash equivalents, marketable
securities and investments and may not use them effectively.
As of November 30, 2008, we have approximately $69,996,000 of cash, cash equivalents,
marketable securities and long-term investments on hand, which provides us with flexibility in
implementing our business plans and responding to future business conditions and opportunities. We
have broad discretion to determine how to allocate our cash, cash equivalents, marketable
securities and investments. If we fail to apply these funds effectively, the failure could result
in financial losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business and cause the price
of our common shares to decline. We intend to keep sufficient cash, cash equivalents, marketable
securities and investments in cash and bank accounts to avoid becoming an inadvertent investment
company subject to regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The remaining cash, cash
equivalents, marketable securities and investments are expected to be invested in short-term, U.S.
government or other investment grade, interest-bearing investments. These restrictions on our
investments might limit the income otherwise available from investing these funds, lowering our
income and potentially decreasing our earnings and the price of our common shares.
Risks Relating to Our Common Shares
Provisions of our corporate charter documents and Michigan law may delay or prevent attempts by
our shareholders to change our management and hinder efforts to acquire a controlling interest
in us.
Our board of directors has the authority, without further approval of our shareholders, to
issue preferred shares having such rights, preferences and privileges as the board may determine.
Any such issuance of preferred shares could, under some circumstances, have the effect of delaying
or preventing a change in control of us and might adversely affect the rights of holders of common
shares. In addition, we are subject to Michigan statutes regulating business combinations,
takeovers and control share acquisitions, which might also hinder or delay a change in control of
our company. Anti-takeover provisions that could be included in the preferred shares when issued
and the Michigan statutes regulating business combinations, takeovers and control share
acquisitions can
28
depress the market price of our securities and can limit the shareholders ability to receive
a premium on their shares by discouraging takeover and tender offer bids, even if such events could
be viewed as beneficial by our shareholders.
Our directors serve staggered three-year terms, and directors may be removed only for cause by
a vote of the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors.
Our Restated Articles of Incorporation also set the minimum number of directors constituting the
entire board at three and the maximum at fifteen, and they require approval of holders of 90
percent of our voting shares to amend these provisions. Our bylaws contain procedures, including
notice requirements, for nominating persons for election to our board of directors. These
provisions could have an anti-takeover effect by making it more difficult to acquire our company by
means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise or by removing incumbent officers and
directors. These provisions could delay, deter or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that
a shareholder might consider in his or her best interests, including those attempts that might
result in a premium over the market price for the common shares held by our shareholders.
The market price of our common shares has been volatile and may continue to remain so.
The market price of our common shares has been volatile. The following could cause the market
price of the common shares to continue to fluctuate substantially:
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changes in our quarterly financial condition or operating results; |
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changes in general conditions in the economy; |
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changes in the financial markets; |
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changes in the medical equipment industry; |
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changes in financial estimates by securities analysts or differences between those
estimates and our actual results; |
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the liquidity of the market for the common shares; |
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developments with respect to patents and proprietary rights; |
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publication of clinical research results regarding our products; |
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changes in health care policies in the United States or foreign countries; |
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grants or exercises of stock options or warrants; |
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news announcements; |
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litigation involving us; |
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actions by governmental agencies, including the FDA, or changes in regulations; and |
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other developments affecting us or our competitors. |
In particular, the stock market might experience significant price and volume fluctuations that
might affect the market price of the common shares for reasons that are unrelated to our operating
performance and that are beyond our control.
We have never paid cash dividends on our capital stock, and we do not anticipate paying any cash
dividends in the foreseeable future.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common shares and do not expect to pay dividends in
the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain any future earnings for use in our business
or in our share repurchase program. The payment of any future dividends will be determined by the
board in light of the conditions then existing, including our financial condition and requirements,
future prospects, restrictions in financing agreements, business conditions and other factors
deemed relevant by the board. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common shares will
be your sole source of gain for the foreseeable future.
The market price of the common shares might be lower because of shares eligible for future sale
and shares reserved for future issuance upon the exercise of options and warrants we have
granted.
Future sales of substantial amounts of common shares in the public market or the perception
that such sales could occur could adversely affect the market price of the common shares. Any
substantial sale of common shares
29
or even the possibility of such sales occurring may have an adverse effect on the market price
of the common shares. As of February 6, 2009, we have outstanding options and warrants to purchase
an aggregate of 1,821,187 common shares. We have also reserved up to an additional 358,923 common
shares for issuance upon exercises of options or awards of restricted stock or restricted stock
units which have not yet been granted or awarded under our stock incentive plans. We have
effective registration statements for the shares underlying these options and stock awards.
Therefore, except for volume limitations imposed by Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 144 on
affiliates, these shares are freely tradable. The market price of our common shares could fall if
the holders of these shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them.
Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements in this report are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking
statements include statements relating to our performance in the sections entitled Risk Factors,
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and
Business and elsewhere in this report. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding
the intent, belief or current expectations of us or our management, including statements preceded
by, followed by or including forward-looking terminology such as may, will, should,
believe, expect, anticipate, plan, intend, propose, estimate, continue, predict
or similar expressions, with respect to various matters.
These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may
cause our actual results, performance time frames or achievements to be materially different from
any future results, performance, time frames or achievements expressed or implied by the
forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks, uncertainties and other factors in
this report in greater detail in this Item 1A above under the heading Risk Factors. Given these
risks, uncertainties and other factors, you should not place undue reliance on these
forward-looking statements. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and
assumptions only as of the date of this report. You should read this report and the documents that
we have filed as exhibits and incorporated by reference into this report completely and with the
understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We
hereby qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
All forward-looking statements in this report are based on information available to us on the
date of this report. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements that may be made
by us or on our behalf in this report or otherwise.
30
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our headquarters, manufacturing facility and warehouse space are located in a single building
in Troy, Michigan. We lease approximately 23,000 square feet, approximately 12,000 square feet of
which is office space for sales and marketing, engineering, accounting and other administrative
activities. Our lease expires on December 31, 2009. The minimum monthly lease payment will be
approximately $12,400 for fiscal 2009, excluding other occupancy costs. We believe that this
facility is suitable and adequate for our needs now, except that we are exploring opportunities for
new or additional facility space because of the growth of our business.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not a party to any pending legal proceedings.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal
year ended November 30, 2008.
31
SUPPLEMENTAL ITEM. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Our current executive officers and the positions held by them are as follows:
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Executive |
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Name |
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Officer Since |
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Age |
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Position |
Bruce J. Barrett
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6/94
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49 |
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President and Chief Executive Officer |
Arik A. Anderson
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01/09
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42 |
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Senior Vice President, R&D and Operations |
William M. Iacona
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12/00
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38 |
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Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Controller, and Treasurer |
Dominic J. Spadafore
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8/02
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49 |
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Senior Vice President, U.S. Sales and Marketing |
Mary Ann Victor
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1/98
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51 |
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Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer and Secretary |
Our officers serve at the discretion of the board of directors.
Biographical Information
Mr. Bruce J. Barrett has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer and as one of our
directors since June 1994. Earlier in his career, Mr. Barrett served as the Director, Hospital
Products Division, for Abbott Laboratories, Ltd., a health care equipment manufacturer and
distributor, and as the Director, Sales and Marketing, for Abbott Critical Care Systems, a division
of Abbott Laboratories, Inc., a health care equipment manufacturer and distributor. While at
Abbott Critical Care Systems, Mr. Barrett managed Abbotts invasive oximetry products for
approximately four years. Prior to joining Abbott Laboratories, he served as the group product
manager of hemodynamic monitoring products of Baxter Edwards Critical Care, an affiliate of Baxter
International, Inc., another health care equipment manufacturer and distributor. Mr. Barrett
received a B.S. degree in marketing from Indiana State University and an M.B.A. degree from Arizona
State University. Mr. Barrett is a party to an employment agreement with us that requires us to
elect him to the offices he currently holds.
Mr. Arik A. Anderson has served as our Senior Vice President, R&D and Operations since January
2009. From October 2007 until January 2009, he served as our Senior Vice President, Research and
Development. From July 2005 until joining Somanetics, Mr. Anderson served as Director of Product
Development for Delphi Medical Systems, a provider of technology and products to the infusion,
respiratory care, vital signs monitoring and power mobility medical device markets. He was in
charge of a team of 45 engineers in the US, Mexico, and India who supported existing products and
developed next generation products. From April 2004 until July 2005, Mr. Anderson was the President
and Chief Executive Officer of Tasso Solutions, a product development and manufacturing consulting
firm specializing in helping companies outsource design and manufacturing work. From December 2002
until April 2004, Mr. Anderson was the Vice President of Engineering Services for TriVirix
International, a design and manufacturing services company focused specifically on the medical
device industry, serving customers such as Johnson & Johnson and Medtronic. In this capacity, Mr.
Anderson was in charge of 50 engineers for TriVirix in the U.S. and Europe. Mr. Anderson received
a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of
Wisconsin Madison.
Mr. William M. Iacona has served as our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since
January 2006, as our Treasurer since February 2000 and as our Controller since April 1997. From
December 2000 until January 2006, he served as our Vice President, Finance. Before joining us, he
was in the Finance Department of Ameritech Advertising Services, a telephone directory company and
a division of Ameritech Corporation (now AT&T), and was on the audit staff of Deloitte & Touche
LLP, independent auditors. He is a certified public accountant and received a B.S. degree in
accounting from the University of Detroit.
Mr. Dominic J. Spadafore has served as our Senior Vice President, U.S. Sales and Marketing,
since December 2007. From August 2002 until December 2007, he served as our Vice President, U.S.
Sales and Marketing. Mr. Spadafore previously served, from July 2000 until July 2002, as National
Sales and Clinical Director of the Cardiac Assist Division of Datascope Corporation, a medical
device company that manufactures and markets healthcare products including medical devices used in
high-risk cardiac patients. In this position, Mr.
Spadafore supervised approximately 50 sales and clinical personnel and approximately $80
million in domestic
32
revenues. From July 1997 until July 2000, he served as Western Area Manager of
the Patient Monitoring Division of Datascope Corporation, and prior to that he held field sales
representative and regional manager positions with progressive responsibilities with Datascope
Corporation. Earlier in his career Mr. Spadafore was a sales representative with the Upjohn
Company, a pharmaceutical manufacturer, and a sales representative with White and White
Incorporated, a medical supply distributor. He received a BA degree in pre-medicine from Oakland
University. Mr. Spadafore is a party to an employment agreement with us that requires us to elect
him to the office he currently holds.
Ms. Mary Ann Victor has served as our Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer since
January 2006 and as our Secretary since January 1998. From January 1998 until January 2006, she
served as our Vice President, Communications and Administration. Prior to that she was our
Director, Communications and Administration. Her prior experience includes various investor
relations and public relations positions with publicly-held companies. She also is an attorney and
practiced with the law firm Varnum Riddering Schmidt & Howlett. Ms. Victor received a B.S. in
political science from the University of Michigan and a J.D. from the University of Detroit.
33
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF
EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common shares trade on The NASDAQ Global Market under the trading symbol SMTS. The
following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low sales prices of
our common shares as reported by NASDAQ.
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High |
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Low |
Fiscal Year Ended November 30, 2007 |
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First Quarter |
|
$ |
23.63 |
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$ |
18.35 |
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Second Quarter |
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21.10 |
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17.35 |
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Third Quarter |
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19.81 |
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16.08 |
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Fourth Quarter |
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20.59 |
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17.93 |
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Fiscal Year Ended November 30, 2008 |
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First Quarter |
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$ |
29.53 |
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$ |
19.45 |
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Second Quarter |
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|
28.00 |
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|
10.01 |
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Third Quarter |
|
|
26.17 |
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|
16.76 |
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Fourth Quarter |
|
|
25.21 |
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|
14.11 |
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As of February 6, 2009, we had 506 shareholders of record of our common shares.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common shares and do not expect to pay such dividends
in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain any future earnings for use in our
business or in our share repurchase program. The payment of any future dividends will be determined
by the board in light of the conditions then existing, including our financial condition and
requirements, future prospects, restrictions in any financing agreements, business conditions and
other factors deemed relevant by the board.
Performance Graph
The following line graph compares for the fiscal years ended November 30, 2004, 2005, 2006,
2007 and 2008 (1) the yearly percentage change in our cumulative total shareholder return (i.e.,
the change in share price divided by the initial share price, expressed as the resulting value of a
$100 investment; we have not paid cash dividends) on our common shares, with (2) the cumulative
total return of The Russell 2000 Index and with (3) the cumulative total return on the NASDAQ
Medical Devices Index.
34
COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
AMONG SOMANETICS CORPORATION,
THE RUSSELL 2000 INDEX, AND
NASDAQ MEDICAL DEVICES INDEX**
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2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2005 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
2008 |
Somanetics Corporation |
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
177.49 |
|
|
|
395.27 |
|
|
|
248.08 |
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|
|
255.88 |
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|
|
224.30 |
|
The Russell 2000 Index |
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
117.26 |
|
|
|
126.81 |
|
|
|
148.91 |
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|
|
147.16 |
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|
|
92.04 |
|
NASDAQ Medical Devices Index |
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
115.59 |
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|
|
130.88 |
|
|
|
135.62 |
|
|
|
171.17 |
|
|
|
91.01 |
|
Assumes $100 invested on November 30, 2003 in Somanetics Corporation common shares, The Russell
2000 Index and the NASDAQ Medical Devices Index.
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* |
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Total return assumes reinvestment of dividends.
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** |
|
Fiscal Year ending November 30. |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table provides information with respect to any purchase made by or on behalf of
us or any affiliated purchaser of our common shares for each month during the fourth quarter ended
November 30, 2008:
35
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Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
Approximate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares |
|
Dollar Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchased |
|
of Shares |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
as Part of |
|
That May Yet |
|
|
Number of |
|
Average |
|
Publicly |
|
Be Purchased |
|
|
Shares |
|
Price Paid |
|
Announced Plans |
|
Under the Plans |
Period |
|
Purchased |
|
Per Share |
|
or Programs |
|
or Programs |
September 1-30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,550,580 |
|
October 1-31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,550,580 |
|
November 1-30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,550,580 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On April 3, 2008, we publicly announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase
of up to $15 million of our common shares. Purchases may be made from time to time in the open
market or in privately negotiated transactions. The prices, timing and amount of, and purposes
for, any purchases will be determined by management. On May 9, 2008, we publicly announced that
our Board of Directors approved an increase in the limit on the share repurchase program and
authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $15 million of our common shares, and on July 1,
2008, we publicly announced that our Board of Directors approved an increase in the limit on the
share repurchase program and authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $15 million of our
common shares, for a total of $45 million of our common shares under the repurchase program.
During the fiscal year 2008, we repurchased 1,805,129 common shares at an average price of $17.42
per share and an aggregate cost of $31,449,420. All of the shares were purchased by us in
open-market transactions pursuant to this publicly-announced share repurchase program. The program
does not have an expiration date, except upon purchase of the maximum authorized dollar amount of
our common shares.
36
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
You should read the following selected financial data together with our financial statements
and related notes included in Item 8 of this report and with Managements Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Item 7 of this report. We have
derived the statement of operations data for the years ended November 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 and
the balance sheet data as of November 30, 2008 and 2007 from our audited financial statements,
which are included in Item 8 of this report. We have derived the statement of operations data for
the years ended November 30, 2005 and 2004 and the balance sheet data as of November 30, 2006, 2005
and 2004 from our audited financial statements, which are not included in this report. Our
historical results for any prior period are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected
for any future period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 (4) |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data) |
|
Statement of Operations Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
47,455 |
|
|
$ |
38,586 |
|
|
$ |
28,701 |
|
|
$ |
20,509 |
|
|
$ |
12,609 |
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
6,249 |
|
|
|
4,726 |
|
|
|
3,566 |
|
|
|
2,601 |
|
|
|
2,050 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin |
|
|
41,206 |
|
|
|
33,860 |
|
|
|
25,135 |
|
|
|
17,908 |
|
|
|
10,558 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research, development and engineering (1) |
|
|
1,259 |
|
|
|
669 |
|
|
|
1,582 |
|
|
|
526 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
Selling, general and administrative (2) |
|
|
26,166 |
|
|
|
22,269 |
|
|
|
16,485 |
|
|
|
13,241 |
|
|
|
8,237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
27,425 |
|
|
|
22,938 |
|
|
|
18,067 |
|
|
|
13,767 |
|
|
|
8,606 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
13,781 |
|
|
|
10,922 |
|
|
|
7,068 |
|
|
|
4,141 |
|
|
|
1,952 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
2,630 |
|
|
|
4,008 |
|
|
|
2,582 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income |
|
|
2,630 |
|
|
|
4,008 |
|
|
|
2,582 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
$ |
16,411 |
|
|
$ |
14,930 |
|
|
$ |
9,650 |
|
|
$ |
4,451 |
|
|
$ |
2,007 |
|
Income tax (expense) benefit (3) |
|
|
(5,965 |
) |
|
|
(5,248 |
) |
|
|
750 |
|
|
|
3,300 |
|
|
|
6,700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
10,446 |
|
|
$ |
9,682 |
|
|
$ |
10,400 |
|
|
$ |
7,751 |
|
|
$ |
8,707 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per common share
basic |
|
$ |
.82 |
|
|
$ |
.73 |
|
|
$ |
.83 |
|
|
$ |
.75 |
|
|
$ |
.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per common share
diluted |
|
$ |
.76 |
|
|
$ |
.67 |
|
|
$ |
.75 |
|
|
$ |
.66 |
|
|
$ |
.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding basic |
|
|
12,671 |
|
|
|
13,213 |
|
|
|
12,463 |
|
|
|
10,322 |
|
|
|
9,780 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding diluted |
|
|
13,672 |
|
|
|
14,384 |
|
|
|
13,824 |
|
|
|
11,798 |
|
|
|
11,323 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of November 30, |
|
|
2008 (4) |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
|
(in thousands) |
Balance Sheet Data: |
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents, securities and investments |
|
$ |
69,996 |
|
|
$ |
85,804 |
|
|
$ |
71,571 |
|
|
$ |
13,148 |
|
|
$ |
7,070 |
|
Working capital |
|
|
65,640 |
|
|
|
62,998 |
|
|
|
57,968 |
|
|
|
18,044 |
|
|
|
9,311 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
87,968 |
|
|
|
104,984 |
|
|
|
92,423 |
|
|
|
29,719 |
|
|
|
18,785 |
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
3,120 |
|
|
|
2,819 |
|
|
|
2,205 |
|
|
|
1,878 |
|
|
|
1,232 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(6,603 |
) |
|
|
(17,049 |
) |
|
|
(26,731 |
) |
|
|
(37,131 |
) |
|
|
(44,882 |
) |
Total shareholders equity |
|
|
84,848 |
|
|
|
102,165 |
|
|
|
90,218 |
|
|
|
27,841 |
|
|
|
17,553 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes a $1,000,000 expense in fiscal 2006 in connection with our Contract Development and
Exclusive Licensing Agreement we entered into with NeuroPhysics Corporation. |
|
(2) |
|
Includes an impairment expense of $929,093 in fiscal 2005 in connection with the write-off of
an intangible asset. |
|
(3) |
|
Fiscal 2006, 2005, and 2004 amounts are net of a fourth quarter reversal of a portion of our
income tax valuation allowance in the amount of $4,068,613, $4,837,420 and $7,397,345,
respectively. |
|
(4) |
|
Fiscal 2008 amounts reflect 1) our acquisition of substantially all of the assets of ICU Data
Systems, Inc. in November 2008, and 2) our common share repurchase program. See Notes 2 and 8
of Notes to Financial Statements in Item 8. |
37
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-Looking Statements
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results
of operations together with our financial statements and the related notes and other financial data
included elsewhere in this report. Some of the information contained in this discussion and
analysis or set forth elsewhere in this report, including information with respect to our plans and
strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties. You should review the Risk Factors section of this report for a discussion of
important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described
in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.
See also Forward-Looking Statements in Item 1A of this report.
Overview
We develop, manufacture and market the INVOS System, a non-invasive patient monitoring system
that continuously measures changes in the blood oxygen levels in the brain and elsewhere in the
body in tissues beneath the sensor in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow.
We began commercializing our model 5100 INVOS System internationally in the third quarter of
fiscal 1999 and in the United States in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2000. Unlike earlier models,
the model 5100 has the added capability of being able to monitor pediatric patients. From product
launch until the first quarter of fiscal 2005, we focused our marketing efforts primarily on adult
and pediatric cardiac surgeries and carotid artery surgeries. During the second quarter of fiscal
2004, results of both the first prospective, randomized clinical trial and a larger retrospective
review evaluating the INVOS System were presented, which we believe have contributed to the INVOS
System gaining further market penetration.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2005, we initiated selling and marketing efforts for the INVOS
System in the pediatric intensive care unit, or ICU. We are currently expanding the use of our
INVOS System in the pediatric and neonatal ICUs with the launch of our smaller sensor in the first
half of fiscal 2008.
In November 2005, we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our INVOS System to
monitor changes in somatic tissue blood oxygen saturation in regions of the body other than the
brain in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow. In May 2008, we received 510(k)
clearance from the FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor changes in blood oxygen saturation in
any tissues beneath the sensor, not limited to brain and somatic tissue, in any individual. Our
four-channel cerebral and somatic INVOS System monitor, which we launched in the second quarter of
2006, can display information from four disposable sensors. This feature allows for the
simultaneous monitoring of changes in blood oxygen saturation in tissues beneath the sensor in four
different places in the body in patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow, in somatic
tissue.
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
technology development company, for approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of
specified liabilities. ICU Data Systems has developed a patented technology that integrates data
from a broad array of hospital bedside devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and
infusion devices, into a single bedside display for comparison, data management and storage. We
plan to further develop and launch our newly-acquired data integration technology as a stand-alone
device in mid-2009. The INVOS System is one of many devices whose data can be integrated into the
stand-alone device. To support the addition of the derived parameter features to the system, we
will pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance in 2009. In addition, we expect to invest to combine the
ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product for launch expected in the
second half of 2010. We also plan to pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance for this integrated device
in 2010.
38
Net Revenues and Cost of Sales
We derive our revenues primarily from sales of INVOS Systems to hospitals in the United States
through our direct sales team and independent sales representative firms, although we expect to
derive modest revenues in fiscal 2009 from our newly-acquired data integration technology, which we
plan to launch as a stand-alone device in mid-2009 through our direct sales team. Outside the
United States, we have distribution agreements with independent distributors for the INVOS System,
including Covidien, formerly Tyco Healthcare, in Europe, Canada, the Middle East and South Africa,
and Edwards Lifesciences Ltd. in Japan. Our cost of sales represent the cost of producing monitors
and disposable sensors. Revenues from outside the United States contributed 20 percent to our
fiscal 2008 net revenues. As a percentage of net revenues, the gross margins from our
international sales are typically lower than gross margins from our U.S. sales, reflecting the
difference between the prices we receive from distributors and from direct customers.
We recognize revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement with the customer,
the product has been delivered, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is
reasonably assured. The product is considered delivered to the customer once we have shipped it,
as this is when title and risk of loss have transferred. Payment terms are generally net 30 days
for U.S. sales and net 60 days or longer for international sales.
Our INVOS System revenues are derived from the sale of monitors and our disposable sensors.
We intend that disposable sensors will form the basis of a recurring revenue stream. In addition,
we offer to our customers in the United States a no capital cost sales program whereby we ship the
INVOS System monitor to the customer at no charge. Under this program, we do not recognize any
revenue upon the shipment of the monitor. At the time of shipment of the monitor, we capitalize
the monitor as an asset and depreciate this asset over five years, and this depreciation is
included in cost of goods sold. We recognize sensor revenue when we receive purchase orders and
ship the product to the customer.
Operating Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses generally consist of:
|
|
|
salaries, wages and related expenses of our employees and consultants; |
|
|
|
|
sales and marketing expenses, such as employee sales commissions, commissions to
independent sales representatives, travel, entertainment, advertising, education and
training expenses, depreciation of demonstration monitors and attendance at selected
medical conferences; |
|
|
|
|
clinical research expenses, such as costs of supporting clinical trials; and |
|
|
|
|
general and administrative expenses, such as the cost of corporate operations,
professional services, stock compensation, insurance, warranty and royalty expenses,
investor relations, depreciation and amortization, facilities expenses and other general
operating expenses. |
We have increased the size of our direct sales team from 44 persons at the end of fiscal 2006
to 55 persons at the end of fiscal 2008. We expect to increase the size of our U.S. direct sales
team in fiscal 2009 and are planning to hire direct salespersons and clinical specialists in Europe
to support Covidien. We also expect increased sales and marketing expenses and increased stock
compensation expenses in fiscal 2009. As a result, we expect selling, general and administrative
expenses to increase in fiscal 2009.
Research, development and engineering expenses consist of:
|
|
|
salaries, wages and related expenses of our research and development personnel and
consultants; |
|
|
|
|
costs of various development projects; and |
|
|
|
|
costs of preparing and processing applications for FDA clearance of new products. |
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006, we recorded a research and development expense of
$1,000,000 in connection with our former contract development and exclusive licensing agreement
with NeuroPhysics Corporation.
39
We expect our research and development expenses to increase in fiscal 2009 as a result of
development costs associated with our newly-acquired data integration technology, development costs
associated with our Contract Development Agreement with Shirley Research Corporation and the
addition of research and development personnel.
Deferred Tax Assets and Impairment Charges
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006, we adjusted our deferred tax asset valuation
allowance resulting in the recognition of additional deferred tax assets due to expected future tax
benefits related to our net operating loss carryforwards. Recognition of this additional deferred
tax asset resulted in a non-cash net tax benefit on our statement of operations for fiscal 2006 of
$750,000.
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007, we recognized income tax expense at an estimated
effective tax rate of 35 percent on our statement of operations. This income tax expense included
a non-cash tax expense on our statement of operations for fiscal 2007 of $5,076,276. In November
2007, we wrote off obsolete inventory of $180,521.
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008, we recognized income tax expense at an estimated
effective tax rate of 36 percent on our statement of operations. This income tax expense included
a non-cash tax expense on our statement of operations for fiscal 2008 of $5,586,906. In addition,
during fiscal 2008 we recognized deferred tax assets related to the exercise of stock options of
approximately $1,012,000. These assets were recognized in additional paid in capital on our
balance sheet because they were utilized and reduced current taxes payable.
Results of Operations
Fiscal Year Ended November 30, 2008 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended November 30, 2007
Net Revenues. Our net revenues increased $8,869,785, or 23 percent, from $38,585,832 in the
fiscal year ended November 30, 2007 to $47,455,617 in the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008. The
increase in net revenues is primarily attributable to:
|
|
|
an increase in U.S. sales of $6,474,215, or 21 percent, from $31,560,930 in fiscal 2007
to $38,035,145 in fiscal 2008. The increase in U.S. sales was primarily due to an increase
in sales of the disposable sensor of $5,619,820, or 23 percent, primarily as a result of a
16 percent increase in sensor unit sales. In addition, sales of the INVOS System monitor
in the United States increased $932,969, or 14 percent, primarily as a result of increased
purchases by pediatric hospitals; and |
|
|
|
|
an increase in international sales of $2,395,570, or 34 percent, from $7,024,902 in
fiscal 2007 to $9,420,472 in fiscal 2008. The increase in international sales was
primarily due to increased purchases of our INVOS System monitor and disposable sensors of
$1,655,456 by Covidien in Europe, and $686,471 by Edwards Lifesciences in Japan. In fiscal
2008, international sales represented 20 percent of our net revenues, compared to 18
percent of our net revenues in fiscal 2007. Purchases by Covidien accounted for 14 percent
of net revenues in fiscal 2008, compared to 13 percent in fiscal 2007. |
In the United States, we sold 288,797 disposable sensors in fiscal 2008, and internationally,
we sold 135,850. We placed 517 INVOS System monitors in the United States and 621 internationally
in fiscal 2008, and our installed base of INVOS System monitors in the United States was 2,523, in
714 hospitals, as of November 30, 2008.
40
Sales of our products as a percentage of net revenues were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended November 30, |
Product |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Sensors |
|
|
72 |
% |
|
|
73 |
% |
INVOS System Monitors |
|
|
28 |
% |
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We believe that the current economic downturn in the United States and abroad could
significantly lengthen the sales cycle for our products and reduce the growth in our net
revenues in fiscal 2009.
Gross Margin. Gross margin as a percentage of net revenues was 87 percent for the fiscal year
ended November 30, 2008 and 88 percent for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007. The decrease
in our gross margin percentage is primarily attributable to increased international sales, due to
lower margins we receive on sales to our international distributors. This decrease was partially
offset by a six percent increase in the average selling price of disposable sensors in the United
States, which is attributable to increased sales of our pediatric sensors, which sell for a higher
price than the adult sensor.
Research, Development and Engineering Expenses. Our research, development and engineering
expenses increased $590,412, or 88 percent, from $668,815 in fiscal 2007 to $1,259,227 in fiscal
2008. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in salaries of $279,487 due to the
addition of research and development personnel in fiscal 2007 and 2008, and increased costs
associated with advances to the design and performance features of our INVOS System monitor and
disposable sensors of $214,803. We expect our research, development and engineering expenses to
increase in fiscal 2009 primarily as a result of development costs associated with development of
our newly-acquired data integration technology as a stand-alone device, development of a single
product combining the data integration technology with our INVOS System technology, development
costs associated with advances to the design and performance features of the INVOS System,
including the disposable sensor, development costs associated with our Contract Development
Agreement with Shirley Research Corporation and the hiring of additional research and development
personnel.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses
increased $3,896,936, or 17 percent, from $22,269,184 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007
to $26,166,120 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008, primarily due to:
|
|
|
a $2,275,304 increase in salaries, wages, commissions and related expenses, primarily as
a result of an increase in the number of employees, principally in sales and marketing
(from an average of 88 employees for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007 to an average
of 105 employees for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008) and an increase in salaries
of existing employees; |
|
|
|
|
an $673,212 increase in travel, marketing and selling-related expenses as a result of
our increased sales personnel and increased sales and marketing activities, including sales
training and trade shows; |
|
|
|
|
a $557,282 increase in stock compensation expense due to stock compensation issued to
our officers, employees, directors and one of our consultants in fiscal 2006, 2007 and
2008; |
|
|
|
|
a $465,769 increase in professional service fees, primarily due to increased legal,
auditing and tax fees; |
|
|
|
|
a $217,099 increase in accrued incentive compensation expense due to our fiscal year
2008 financial performance, primarily increased sales and operating income in accordance
with the 2008 incentive compensation plans; and |
|
|
|
|
a $173,672 increase in office and facility expenses primarily as a result of increased
employees. |
These increases were partially offset by a $273,905 decrease in commissions paid to our independent
sales representative firms as a result of fewer independent sales representative firms in fiscal
2008, and a $182,919 decrease in clinical research expense primarily as a result of a grant made in
fiscal 2007 for the support of neonatal research.
41
We expect our selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in fiscal 2009,
primarily as a result of our hiring additional direct sales personnel in fiscal 2008 and 2009,
increased employee sales commissions payable as a result of increased sales, increased sales and
marketing expenses and increased stock compensation expenses.
Other Income. During fiscal 2008, interest income decreased to $2,629,967, from $4,008,537
in fiscal 2007, primarily due to decreased interest rates, decreased investment balances, and the
use of cash for the repurchase of common shares, partially offset by our increased cash and cash
equivalents balances as a result of cash provided by operating activities and maturities and
redemptions of investments.
Income Taxes. As of November 30, 2008, we recognized income tax expense at an estimated
effective tax rate of 36 percent on our statement of operations. In addition, during fiscal 2008
we recognized deferred tax assets related to the exercise of stock options of approximately
$1,012,000. These assets were recognized in additional paid in capital on our balance sheet
because they were utilized and reduced current taxes payable. As of November 30, 2007, we
recognized income tax expense at an estimated effective tax rate of 35 percent on our statement of
operations.
Fiscal Year Ended November 30, 2007 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended November 30, 2006
Net Revenues. Our net revenues increased $9,885,232, or 34 percent, from $28,700,600 in the
fiscal year ended November 30, 2006 to $38,585,832 in the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007. The
increase in net revenues is primarily attributable to:
|
|
|
an increase in U.S. sales of $8,284,866, or 36 percent, from $23,276,064 in fiscal 2006
to $31,560,930 in fiscal 2007. The increase in U.S. sales was primarily due to an increase
in sales of the disposable sensor of $5,691,400, or 30 percent, primarily as a result of a
24 percent increase in sensor unit sales. In addition, sales of the INVOS System monitor
in the United States increased $2,841,360, or 75 percent, primarily as a result of
increased purchases by pediatric hospitals; and |
|
|
|
|
an increase in international sales of $1,600,366, or 30 percent, from $5,424,536 in
fiscal 2006 to $7,024,902 in fiscal 2007. The increase in international sales was
primarily due to increased purchases of the INVOS System monitor and disposable sensors by
Covidien, formerly Tyco Healthcare, in Europe, and increased purchases by Edwards
Lifesciences in connection with the launch of our four-channel cerebral and somatic INVOS
System monitor in Japan, partially for evaluation and demonstration purposes. In fiscal
2007, international sales represented 18 percent of our net revenues, compared to 19
percent of our net revenues in fiscal 2006. Purchases by Covidien accounted for 13 percent
of net revenues in fiscal 2007, compared to 15 percent in fiscal 2006. |
In the United States, we sold 248,360 sensors in fiscal 2007, and internationally, we sold
122,690. We placed 509 INVOS System monitors in the United States and 434 internationally in
fiscal 2007, and our installed base of INVOS System monitors in the United States was 2,006, in 664
hospitals, as of November 30, 2007.
Sales of our products as a percentage of net revenues were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended November 30, |
|
Product |
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Sensors |
|
|
73 |
% |
|
|
75 |
% |
INVOS System Monitors |
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total INVOS System |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
99 |
% |
Other |
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Margin. Gross margin as a percentage of net revenues was 88 percent for the fiscal year
ended November 30, 2007 and November 30, 2006. We realized a four percent increase in the average
selling price of disposable sensors in the United States and increased sales of the INVOS System
monitors to pediatric hospitals in
42
the United States. The increase in our average selling prices in the United States is
attributable to increased sales of our pediatric sensor, which sells for a higher price than the
adult sensor.
Research, Development and Engineering Expenses. Our research, development and engineering
expenses decreased $913,706, or 58 percent, from $1,582,521 in fiscal 2006 to $668,815 in fiscal
2007. The decrease is primarily attributable to a $1,000,000 initial fee under our Contract
Development and Exclusive Licensing Agreement entered into with NeuroPhysics Corporation in the
fourth quarter of fiscal 2006.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses
increased $5,784,617, or 35 percent, from $16,484,567 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006
to $22,269,184 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007, primarily due to:
|
|
|
a $2,575,653 increase in salaries, wages and related expenses, primarily as a result of
an increase in the number of employees, principally in sales and marketing (from an average
of 64 employees for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006 to an average of 88 employees
for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007) and an increase in salaries of existing
employees; |
|
|
|
|
an $1,200,884 increase in travel, marketing and selling-related expenses as a result of
our increased sales personnel and increased sales and marketing activities, including sales
training, product sponsorship, trade shows and advertising; |
|
|
|
|
an $1,147,564 increase in employee sales commissions as a result of increased sales and
hiring additional sales employees in fiscal 2007; |
|
|
|
|
a $513,754 increase in accrued incentive compensation expense due to our fiscal year
2007 financial performance, primarily increased sales and operating income in accordance
with the 2007 incentive compensation plans; |
|
|
|
|
a $477,060 increase in stock compensation expense due to stock compensation issued to
directors, officers, employees and a consultant in fiscal 2006 and 2007; |
|
|
|
|
a $233,693 increase in clinical research expenses primarily as a result of a grant for
neonatal research and a clinical trial evaluating the use of the INVOS System on diabetic
patients over age 50; and |
|
|
|
|
a $165,935 increase in corporate insurance expenses due to increased coverage limits and
increased premiums. |
These increases were partially offset by a $739,400 decrease in commissions paid to our independent
sales representative firms as a result of fewer independent sales representative firms in fiscal
2007.
Other Income. During fiscal 2007, interest income increased to $4,008,537, from $2,582,033
in fiscal 2006, primarily due to our increased cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and
long-term investment balances as a result of cash provided by operating activities and the proceeds
from our public offering of common shares that closed in the second quarter of fiscal 2006, and
increased interest rates.
Income Taxes. As of November 30, 2007, we recognized income tax expense at an estimated
effective tax rate of 35 percent on our statement of operations, and we expect this to continue for
future periods. As of November 30, 2006, we further adjusted our deferred tax asset valuation
allowance resulting in the recognition of additional deferred tax assets as a result of expected
future tax benefits related to our net operating loss carryforwards. Recognition of this
additional deferred tax asset resulted in a non-cash tax benefit on our statement of operations for
fiscal 2006 of $750,000, and increased our net income for fiscal 2006 to $10,399,957, or $0.75 per
diluted common share. For fiscal 2006, the reversal of our valuation allowance was net of recorded
taxes. The net income tax benefit of $750,000 consisted of income tax expense recorded at an
estimated effective tax rate of 34 percent in the amount of $2,604,663 for the first three quarters
of fiscal 2006, and a net deferred tax benefit of $3,354,663 recorded in the fourth quarter of
fiscal 2006.
Effects of Inflation
We do not believe that inflation has had a significant impact on our financial position or
results of operations in the past three years.
43
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
Our principal sources of operating funds have been the proceeds from sales of our common
shares and cash provided by operating activities. See Statements of Shareholders Equity of our
financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
As of November 30, 2008, we did not have any outstanding or available debt financing
arrangements, we had working capital of $65.6 million and our primary sources of liquidity were
$37.2 million of cash and cash equivalents, $20.0 million of marketable securities and $12.8
million of long-term investments. Marketable securities and long-term investments consist of
Aaa-rated United States Government agency bonds and treasury bills, and cash and cash equivalents
are currently invested in bank savings accounts and money market accounts, pending their ultimate
use.
On March 6, 2006, we completed a public offering of 2,300,000 of our newly-issued common
shares at a public offering price of $24.00 per share. The net proceeds, after deducting the
underwriting discount and the expense of the offering, were $51,232,774.
In April 2008, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $15 million of our
common shares. Purchases may be made from time to time in the open market or in privately
negotiated transactions. The prices, timing and amount of, and purposes for, any purchases will be
determined by management. In May 2008, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to
an additional $15 million of our common shares, and in July 2008, our Board of Directors authorized
the repurchase of up to an additional $15 million of our common shares, for a total of $45 million
of our common shares under the repurchase program. During fiscal 2008, we repurchased 1,805,129
common shares at an average price of $17.42 per share and an aggregate cost of $31,449,420, leaving
$13,550,580 in dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the repurchase program.
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
technology development company, for approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of
specified liabilities. ICU Data Systems has developed a patented technology that integrates data
from a broad array of hospital bedside devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and
infusion devices, into a single bedside display for comparison, data management and storage. We
plan to further develop and launch our newly-acquired data integration technology as a stand-alone
device in mid-2009. To support the addition of the derived parameter features to the system, we
will pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance in 2009. In addition, we expect to invest to combine the
ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product for launch expected in the
second half of 2010. We also plan to pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance for this integrated device
in 2010. We expect our research, development and engineering expenses to increase in fiscal 2009
as a result of development costs associated with development of our newly-acquired data integration
technology as a stand-alone device and development of a single product combining the data
integration technology with our INVOS System technology.
We entered into a Contract Development and Exclusive Licensing Agreement with NeuroPhysics
Corporation as of September 18, 2006. The agreement provided us with feasibility research,
contract development and consulting services and certain ownership and licensing rights, subject to
the rights of the United States Federal government, to intellectual property and technical
knowledge associated with several novel near-infrared spectroscopy, or NIRS, and imaging
technologies and products under development at NeuroPhysics. We paid an initial license fee of
$1,000,000. We terminated this agreement in February 2009, except for various provisions
regarding our ownership of the technology related to the potential new products. In February 2009,
we entered into a similar agreement with Shirley Research Corporation and Hugh F. Stoddart and Hugh
A. Stoddart, and have agreed to pay monthly development and consulting fees of $15,000 a month
during the term of the agreement and a royalty on future sales of the new products.
We believe that cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and long-term investments on
hand at November 30, 2008 will be adequate to satisfy our operating and capital requirements for
more than the next twelve months.
44
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operations during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $15,874,473, $13,081,989
and $7,304,835, respectively. In fiscal 2008, cash was provided primarily by:
|
|
|
$17,311,324 of income before income taxes and non-cash depreciation, amortization, stock
compensation expense and excess tax benefits from stock option exercises; |
|
|
|
|
a $534,450 decrease in accrued interest income, primarily due to our decreased
marketable securities and long-term investment balances primarily due to the use of cash
from maturing investments for the repurchase of common shares and decreased interest rates; |
|
|
|
|
a $153,055 increase in accounts payable, primarily as a result of increased inventory
and operating expenses, partially offset by more timely payments made to vendors; and |
|
|
|
|
a $147,191 increase in accrued liabilities, primarily as a result of an increase in
accrued state, local and property taxes and accrued sales commissions as a result of our
fiscal 2008 financial performance. |
Cash provided by operations in fiscal 2008 was partially offset by:
|
|
|
a $1,606,952 increase in inventories, primarily due to the acquisition of components
associated with our disposable sensors and our INVOS System monitor due to anticipated
sales; inventories on our balance sheet increased less because we capitalized INVOS System
monitors to property and equipment that are being used as demonstration units and no
capital cost sales equipment, as described below; |
|
|
|
|
a $375,532 increase in accounts receivable, primarily as a result of higher fourth
quarter sales in fiscal 2008 than in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007, partially offset by
the timing of more of the sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007 towards the end of the
quarter; and |
|
|
|
|
a $252,488 increase in deferred income tax benefits as a result of payments made for
estimated alternative minimum tax that we expect will result in future tax credits when we
use our net operating loss carryforwards. |
We expect our working capital requirements to increase as sales increase.
The increase in inventories described above is greater than shown on our balance sheet because
it includes INVOS System monitors that we capitalized because they are being used as demonstration
units and no capital cost sales equipment. We capitalized $644,814 of costs from inventory for
INVOS System monitors being used as demonstration units and no capital cost sales equipment at
customers during fiscal 2008, compared to $833,069 in fiscal 2007. As of November 30, 2008, we
have capitalized $3,919,296 in costs for INVOS System monitors being used as demonstration and no
capital cost sales equipment, and these assets have a net book value of $1,820,503. We depreciate
these assets over five years.
We believe that the current economic downturn in the United States and abroad could
significantly lengthen our collection cycle for our accounts receivable and, as a result, increase
our accounts receivable balances.
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities in fiscal 2008 was $17,220,458 and net cash used in
investing activities in fiscal 2007 and 2006 was $10,127,748 and $43,390,890, respectively. In
fiscal 2008, cash was provided by maturities and redemptions of marketable securities and long-term
investments of $54,822,160. This cash provided by investing activities was partially offset by
investments in marketable securities and long-term investments of $35,021,241, our acquisition of
ICU Data Systems, Inc. in fiscal 2008 for a net investment of $1,926,031, and also $654,430 in
capital expenditures, primarily tooling for our new smaller sensor launched in 2008, a new trade
show booth and manufacturing quality control computer software.
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2008 was $29,101,767 and net cash provided by
financing activities in fiscal 2007 and 2006 was $1,483,867 and $51,672,687, respectively. During
fiscal 2008, we
45
repurchased 1,805,129 common shares for a total of $31,449,420. This cash used in financing
activities was partially offset by the issuance of 319,969 common shares as a result of the
exercise of stock options by our employees and directors, for proceeds of $1,335,328, and
$1,012,325 in excess tax benefits from stock option exercises.
Contractual Obligations
The following information is provided as of November 30, 2008 with respect to our known
contractual obligations specified in the following table, aggregated by type of contractual
obligation:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments due by period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More |
|
|
|
|
|
|
than 1 |
|
1-3 |
|
3-5 |
|
than 5 |
Contractual Obligations |
|
Total |
|
year |
|
years |
|
years |
|
years |
Long-term debt obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital lease obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease obligations |
|
$ |
185,100 |
|
|
$ |
172,700 |
|
|
$ |
12,400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase obligations |
|
|
5,504,800 |
|
|
|
5,504,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase obligations consist primarily of purchase orders executed for inventory components.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or financing activities.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In July 2006, the FASB adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in
Income Taxes (FIN 48). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and requires an assessment of
the probability of the validity of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in income tax
returns for recognition in financial statements. Only tax positions meeting a
more-likely-than-not threshold of being sustained are recognized under FIN 48. FIN 48 also
provides guidance on classification of interest and penalties and accounting and disclosures for
annual and interim financial statements. We adopted FIN 48 effective December 1, 2007, for our
fiscal year 2008. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on our financial
statements.
Critical Accounting Policies
We believe our most significant accounting policies relate to our accounting treatment of
stock compensation of employees, our accounting treatment for income taxes, our revenue recognition
associated with our no capital cost sales program, and our recognition of a technology acquisition
cost intangible asset and goodwill.
Stock Compensation
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised), Share Based Payment. This Statement requires that
compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions, including stock options, stock
appreciation rights and restricted stock be recognized in the financial statements. This Statement
was effective for our fiscal quarter beginning December 1, 2005. We adopted this Statement for
fiscal 2006 using a modified prospective application and, accordingly, prior period amounts have
not been restated.
46
We previously accounted for stock-based compensation of employees using the intrinsic value
method prescribed in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees, and related interpretations. Accordingly, compensation costs for stock options granted
to employees were measured as the excess, if any, of the market price of our stock at the date of
the grant over the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock. Stock-based compensation of
consultants and advisors was determined based on the fair value of the options or warrants on the
grant date pursuant to the methodology of SFAS No. 123, estimated using the Black-Scholes model.
The resulting amount was recognized as compensation expense and an increase in additional paid-in
capital over the vesting period of the options or warrants.
In November 2005, we approved the acceleration of vesting of all unvested stock options as of
November 30, 2005. The primary purpose of this accelerated vesting was to eliminate compensation
expense we would recognize in our results of operations upon the adoption of SFAS 123R, which was
effective for our fiscal quarter beginning December 1, 2005. After the effects of the accelerated
vesting, the initial adoption of SFAS 123R was immaterial with respect to options granted before
December 1, 2005. The issuance of additional stock compensation under the 2005 Stock Incentive
Plan in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 had an impact on our financial statements.
During fiscal 2008, we granted 253,000 stock options to our employees, directors and officers,
and we issued 75,273 restricted common shares to our officers and employees. During fiscal 2007,
we granted 96,000 stock options to our employees, directors and one of our officers, and we issued
9,000 restricted common shares to one of our officers. During fiscal 2006, we granted 239,000
stock options to our officers, employees, directors and one of our consultants, and we issued
68,000 restricted common shares to our officers. These stock options and restricted shares were
issued at the market price on the date of grant, and they vest and are expensed in the financial
statements over five years. As a result of the stock options and restricted common shares that we
granted during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, we have recorded $1,338,590 in stock compensation
expense in fiscal 2008 in accordance with SFAS No. 123 (R). As a result of the stock options and
restricted common shares that we granted during fiscal 2007 and 2006, we recorded $781,308 in stock
compensation expense in fiscal 2007 in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). As a result of the stock
options and restricted common shares that we granted during fiscal 2006, we recorded $304,248 in
stock compensation expense in fiscal 2006 in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R).
As of November 30, 2008, there was $5,247,791 of total unrecognized compensation cost related
to nonvested share-based compensation awards granted under the 2005 Plan. That cost is expected to
be recognized over a weighted average period of 4 years. As of November 30, 2007, there was
$3,606,518 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation
awards granted under the 2005 Plan. That cost was expected to be recognized over a weighted
average period of 4 years. As of November 30, 2006, there was $3,260,855 of total unrecognized
compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation awards granted under the 2005 Plan.
That cost was expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.5 years. No
modifications were made to any share awards that required an accounting charge, and no cash was
paid for share-based liabilities during fiscal 2008, fiscal 2007 or fiscal 2006.
The fair value of the stock option grants was estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for fiscal 2008,
2007 and 2006: expected volatility (the measure by which the stock price has fluctuated or is
expected to fluctuate during the period) 59.30% (47.00% for 2007 and 54.00% for 2006), risk-free
interest rate (approximate U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant) of 2.35% (5.00% for
2007 and 2006), expected lives of approximately 6 years, and a dividend yield of 0%. The fair
value of the restricted common shares was estimated based on the market value of the common shares
on the date of issuance. Different assumptions could significantly change the calculated grant
date fair value, and, therefore, the amount of stock compensation expense we recognize over the
vesting period of the awards. We believe, however, that our estimates are appropriate.
Income Taxes
We have performed the required assessment of positive and negative evidence regarding
realization of our deferred tax assets in accordance with SFAS No. 109, including our past
operating results, the existence of cumulative losses over our history up to the most recent six
fiscal years, and our forecast for future net income. Our assessment of our deferred tax assets
included making assumptions about the growth of our net revenues and pre-tax
47
income in future
years, making allowance for the uncertainties regarding, among other things, our future rate of
growth
in net revenues, the rate of adoption of our products in the marketplace, and the potential
for competition to enter the marketplace. As of November 30, 2008, we have concluded that it is
more likely than not that approximately $1,753,000 of such assets will be realized. The remaining
tax benefits of $6,953,000 relating to stock option exercises will not be recognized on our
financial statements until the reduce current taxes payable. The benefit, when recognized, will
increase additional paid in capital. During fiscal 2008, we recognized deferred tax assets of
approximately $1,012,000 in additional paid in capital because they were utilized and reduced
current taxes payable.
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008, we recorded income tax expense at an estimated
effective tax rate of 36 percent, and for the year ended November 30, 2007 we recorded income tax
expense at an estimated effective tax rate of 35 percent.
During fiscal 2006, we adjusted our deferred tax asset valuation allowance resulting in the
recognition of a net deferred tax asset of $750,000 related to the expected future benefits of our
net operating loss carryforwards, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. For fiscal 2006, the adjustment of our valuation allowance
was net of recorded taxes. For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006, the recorded net income
tax benefit of $750,000 consisted of income tax expense recorded at an estimated effective tax rate
of 34 percent in the amount of $2,604,663 for the first three quarters of fiscal 2006 and a net
deferred tax benefit of $3,354,663 recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006. For fiscal 2006,
the effect of recognizing this asset on our balance sheet, and associated tax benefit on our
statement of operations, is to increase our net income to $10,399,957, or $0.75 per diluted common
share.
Given the assumptions inherent in our financial plans, it is possible to calculate a different
value for our deferred tax asset by changing one or more of the variables in our assessment.
However, we believe that our evaluation of our financial plans was reasonable, and that the
judgments and assumptions that we made at the time of developing the plan were appropriate.
No Capital Cost Sales Revenue Recognition
We offer to our customers in the United States a no capital cost sales program whereby we ship
the INVOS System monitor to the customer at no charge. Under this program, we do not recognize any
revenue upon the shipment of the INVOS System monitor. We recognize sensor revenue when we receive
purchase orders and ship the product to the customer. At the time of shipment of the monitor, we
capitalize the INVOS System monitor as an asset and depreciate this asset over five years. We
believe this is consistent with our stated revenue recognition policy, which is compliant with
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, and we have considered Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21,
Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.
Technology Acquisition Costs Intangible Asset and Goodwill
Technology acquisition costs and goodwill are related to our November 2008 acquisition of
substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a technology development company, for
approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of specified liabilities. Goodwill represents
the amount by which the purchase price of the acquired business exceeds the estimated fair value of
the net tangible and separately identifiable intangible assets of the acquired business, in
addition to transaction costs recorded at cost. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested at least
annually for impairment. The technology acquisition costs intangible asset has an estimated useful
life of 20 years, based on several patents that we have filed related to the technology, and will
be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. Intangible assets and
goodwill are reviewed annually for impairment at the end of our fiscal year, and whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recovered. We
evaluate impairment by comparing the fair value of the intangible asset, determined using a cash
flow method, with its carrying value. No amortization expense was recorded related to the
technology acquisition costs intangible asset for 2008 because the transaction closed in November
2008. As of November 30, 2008, the carrying value of the technology acquisition costs intangible
asset was $246,318, and the carrying value of the goodwill was $1,679,713.
We estimated the value of the technology acquisition costs intangible asset based on a
valuation model that included estimating the future cash flows of the technology and discounting
the net cash flows back to their present value using an appropriate risk-adjusted rate of return
(discount rate). The discount rate used was determined at the
48
time of the acquisition in
accordance with accepted valuation methods. Our assessment of the estimated fair value
included making assumptions about the expected net revenues and operating income related to
the acquired technology in future years, making allowance for the uncertainties regarding, among
other things, the time and cost associated with the further advancement of the design and
performance of the technology to ready it for market launch, the rate of adoption of the technology
once it is launched into the marketplace, and the potential for competition related to the launched
technology.
Given the assumptions inherent in our valuation model, it is possible to calculate a different
value for our technology acquisition costs intangible asset by changing one or more of the
variables within our model. However, we believe that our evaluation of our valuation model was
reasonable, and that the judgments and assumptions that we made at the time of developing the model
upon acquisition of ICU Data Systems, Inc. were appropriate.
49
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The table below provides information about our financial instruments that are sensitive to
changes in interest rates, consisting of investments in United States government agency bonds and
treasury bills. For these financial instruments, the table presents principal cash flows and
related weighted average interest rates by expected maturity dates. Weighted average fixed rates
are based on the contract rates. The actual cash flows of all instruments are denominated in U.S.
dollars. We invest our cash on hand not needed in current operations in United States government
agency bonds with varying maturity dates with the intention of holding them until maturity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, 2008
Expected Maturity Dates By Fiscal Year |
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2010 |
|
2011 |
|
2012 |
|
2013 |
|
Thereafter |
|
Total |
|
Fair Value |
Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketable Securities and
Long-term Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed Rate ($) |
|
|
19,992,545 |
|
|
|
3,845,241 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,992,469 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,830,255 |
|
|
|
32,823,806 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
.53 |
% |
|
|
4.72 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
5.03 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
2.25 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, 2007
Expected Maturity Dates By Fiscal Year |
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
|
2010 |
|
2011 |
|
2012 |
|
Thereafter |
|
Total |
|
Fair Value |
Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketable Securities and
Long-term Investments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed Rate ($) |
|
|
18,978,074 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,666,244 |
|
|
|
6,996,231 |
|
|
|
17,990,624 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52,631,173 |
|
|
|
52,785,570 |
|
Average interest rate |
|
|
5.25 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
5.08 |
% |
|
|
5.23 |
% |
|
|
5.12 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
5.17 |
% |
|
|
|
|
During fiscal 2008, four of our bonds matured for approximately $19,000,000 and five of our
bonds that were due to mature in 2010, 2011 and 2012 were called for approximately $21,000,000. We
reinvested approximately $35,000,000 of the proceeds into three new treasury bills with maturity
dates in 2008 and 2009, one of which matured in fiscal 2008 for approximately $15,000,000 and the
proceeds have not been reinvested as of November 30, 2008.
50
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
MANAGEMENTS REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The management of Somanetics Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting. Somanetics Corporations internal control
system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Companys management and board of
directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All
internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even
those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to
financial statement preparation and presentation.
Somanetics Corporation management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control
over financial reporting as of November 30, 2008. In making this assessment, it used the criteria
set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in
Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment, we have concluded that, as of
November 30, 2008, the Companys internal control over financial reporting is effective based on
those criteria.
Somanetics Corporations independent registered public accounting firm, that audited the
financial statements prepared by the Company included in Item 8 of this report, has issued a report
on the financial statements and on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over
financial reporting, which is included on the next page.
January 21, 2009
51
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Somanetics Corporation
Troy, Michigan
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Somanetics Corporation (the Company) as of
November 30, 2008 and 2007, and the related statements of operations, shareholders equity, and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended November 30, 2008. We also have audited
the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2008, based on criteria
established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Companys management is responsible for these
financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for
its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the
accompanying Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Companys internal
control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and
whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining
an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal
control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as
we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable
basis for our opinions.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the
supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons
performing similar functions, and effected by the companys board of directors, management, and
other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the
possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to
error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any
evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,
or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
52
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Somanetics Corporation as of November 30, 2008 and 2007, and
the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
November 30, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective
internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2008, based on the criteria
established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Detroit, Michigan
February 9, 2009
53
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
BALANCE SHEETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT ASSETS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 2) |
|
$ |
37,166,141 |
|
|
$ |
33,172,977 |
|
Marketable securities |
|
|
19,992,545 |
|
|
|
18,978,074 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
7,862,103 |
|
|
|
7,486,571 |
|
Inventory (Note 2) |
|
|
2,960,422 |
|
|
|
1,998,284 |
|
Prepaid expenses |
|
|
597,460 |
|
|
|
560,885 |
|
Accrued interest receivable |
|
|
16,667 |
|
|
|
551,117 |
|
Deferred tax asset current (Note 5) |
|
|
164,615 |
|
|
|
3,069,929 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
68,759,953 |
|
|
|
65,817,837 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT: (Note 2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstration and no capital cost sales equipment at customers |
|
|
3,919,296 |
|
|
|
3,386,287 |
|
Machinery and equipment |
|
|
1,638,597 |
|
|
|
1,531,387 |
|
Furniture and fixtures |
|
|
504,485 |
|
|
|
307,919 |
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
197,450 |
|
|
|
196,700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
6,259,828 |
|
|
|
5,422,293 |
|
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(3,418,697 |
) |
|
|
(2,931,596 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net property and equipment |
|
|
2,841,131 |
|
|
|
2,490,697 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER ASSETS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term investments |
|
|
12,837,710 |
|
|
|
33,653,099 |
|
Deferred tax asset non-current (Note 5) |
|
|
1,587,977 |
|
|
|
3,004,755 |
|
Intangible assets, net (Note 2) |
|
|
246,318 |
|
|
|
3,097 |
|
Goodwill (Note 2) |
|
|
1,679,713 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other assets |
|
|
16,366,718 |
|
|
|
36,675,951 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL ASSETS |
|
$ |
87,967,802 |
|
|
$ |
104,984,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
1,271,058 |
|
|
$ |
1,118,003 |
|
Accrued liabilities (Notes 4 and 6) |
|
|
1,848,672 |
|
|
|
1,701,481 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
3,119,730 |
|
|
|
2,819,484 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY: (Note 3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred shares; authorized, 1,000,000 shares of $.01 par
value; no shares issued or outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
shares; authorized, 20,000,000 shares of $.01 par value; issued and outstanding, 12,034,074 shares at November 30, 2008,
and 13,443,961 shares at November 30, 2007 |
|
|
120,341 |
|
|
|
134,440 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
91,330,305 |
|
|
|
119,079,383 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(6,602,574 |
) |
|
|
(17,048,822 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity |
|
|
84,848,072 |
|
|
|
102,165,001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
$ |
87,967,802 |
|
|
$ |
104,984,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to financial statements
54
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
NET REVENUES (Notes 2 and 9) |
|
$ |
47,455,617 |
|
|
$ |
38,585,832 |
|
|
$ |
28,700,600 |
|
COST OF SALES |
|
|
6,249,256 |
|
|
|
4,726,146 |
|
|
|
3,565,588 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin |
|
|
41,206,361 |
|
|
|
33,859,686 |
|
|
|
25,135,012 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATING EXPENSES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research, development and engineering
(Note 2) |
|
|
1,259,227 |
|
|
|
668,815 |
|
|
|
1,582,521 |
|
Selling, general and administrative (Note 2) |
|
|
26,166,120 |
|
|
|
22,269,184 |
|
|
|
16,484,567 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
27,425,347 |
|
|
|
22,937,999 |
|
|
|
18,067,088 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATING INCOME |
|
|
13,781,014 |
|
|
|
10,921,687 |
|
|
|
7,067,924 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER INCOME: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
2,629,967 |
|
|
|
4,008,537 |
|
|
|
2,582,033 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income |
|
|
2,629,967 |
|
|
|
4,008,537 |
|
|
|
2,582,033 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
|
$ |
16,410,981 |
|
|
$ |
14,930,224 |
|
|
$ |
9,649,957 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT (Note 5) |
|
|
(5,964,734 |
) |
|
|
(5,247,943 |
) |
|
|
750,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME |
|
$ |
10,446,247 |
|
|
$ |
9,682,281 |
|
|
$ |
10,399,957 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME PER COMMON
SHARE BASIC (Note 2) |
|
$ |
.82 |
|
|
$ |
.73 |
|
|
$ |
.83 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCOME PER COMMON
SHARE DILUTED (Note 2) |
|
$ |
.76 |
|
|
$ |
.67 |
|
|
$ |
.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF
COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
BASIC (Note 2) |
|
|
12,671,452 |
|
|
|
13,213,428 |
|
|
|
12,463,075 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF
COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
DILUTED (Note 2) |
|
|
13,671,730 |
|
|
|
14,384,445 |
|
|
|
13,824,467 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to financial statements
55
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common |
|
|
Share |
|
|
Paid-In |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Shareholders |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Deficit |
|
|
Equity |
|
|
Income |
|
Balance at December 1, 2005 |
|
|
10,715,885 |
|
|
$ |
107,159 |
|
|
$ |
64,864,554 |
|
|
$ |
(37,131,060 |
) |
|
$ |
27,840,653 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For cash, less issuance costs of $3,967,226 |
|
|
2,300,000 |
|
|
|
23,000 |
|
|
|
51,209,774 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51,232,774 |
|
|
|
|
|
For cash, exercise of stock options |
|
|
79,742 |
|
|
|
797 |
|
|
|
439,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
439,913 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
304,248 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
304,248 |
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted share grant |
|
|
68,000 |
|
|
|
680 |
|
|
|
(680 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income and comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,399,957 |
|
|
|
10,399,957 |
|
|
$ |
10,399,957 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at November 30, 2006 |
|
|
13,163,627 |
|
|
$ |
131,636 |
|
|
$ |
116,817,012 |
|
|
$ |
(26,731,103 |
) |
|
$ |
90,217,545 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For cash, exercise of stock options |
|
|
271,334 |
|
|
|
2,714 |
|
|
|
1,481,153 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,483,867 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
781,308 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
781,308 |
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted share grant |
|
|
9,000 |
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
(90 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income and comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,682,281 |
|
|
|
9,682,281 |
|
|
$ |
9,682,281 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at November 30, 2007 |
|
|
13,443,961 |
|
|
$ |
134,440 |
|
|
$ |
119,079,383 |
|
|
$ |
(17,048,822 |
) |
|
$ |
102,165,001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For cash, exercise of stock options |
|
|
319,969 |
|
|
|
3,199 |
|
|
|
1,332,129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,335,328 |
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,338,590 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,338,590 |
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted share grant |
|
|
75,273 |
|
|
|
753 |
|
|
|
(753 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase of common shares |
|
|
(1,805,129 |
) |
|
|
(18,051 |
) |
|
|
(31,431,369 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(31,449,420 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Income tax benefit from stock option exercises |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,012,325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,012,325 |
|
|
|
|
|
Net income and comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,446,247 |
|
|
|
10,446,247 |
|
|
$ |
10,446,247 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at November 30, 2008 |
|
|
12,034,074 |
|
|
$ |
120,341 |
|
|
$ |
91,330,305 |
|
|
$ |
(6,602,574 |
) |
|
$ |
84,848,072 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to financial statements
56
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
10,446,247 |
|
|
$ |
9,682,281 |
|
|
$ |
10,399,957 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
|
5,586,906 |
|
|
|
5,076,276 |
|
|
|
(750,000 |
) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
951,906 |
|
|
|
806,034 |
|
|
|
592,061 |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
1,338,590 |
|
|
|
781,308 |
|
|
|
304,248 |
|
Excess tax benefits from stock option exercises |
|
|
(1,012,325 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities net of effects from
purchase of ICU Data Systems, Inc.: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable (increase) |
|
|
(375,532 |
) |
|
|
(2,746,528 |
) |
|
|
(1,208,303 |
) |
Accrued interest income (increase) decrease |
|
|
534,450 |
|
|
|
(199,451 |
) |
|
|
(351,666 |
) |
Inventory (increase) |
|
|
(1,606,952 |
) |
|
|
(658,895 |
) |
|
|
(1,943,049 |
) |
Deferred income tax benefit (increase) |
|
|
(252,488 |
) |
|
|
(400,960 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses (increase) decrease |
|
|
(36,575 |
) |
|
|
(66,063 |
) |
|
|
128,481 |
|
Accounts payable increase |
|
|
153,055 |
|
|
|
72,276 |
|
|
|
332,931 |
|
Accrued liabilities increase (decrease) |
|
|
147,191 |
|
|
|
541,711 |
|
|
|
(5,825 |
) |
Accrued income tax expense (increase) decrease |
|
|
|
|
|
|
194,000 |
|
|
|
(194,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
15,874,473 |
|
|
|
13,081,989 |
|
|
|
7,304,835 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of marketable securities and
long-term investments |
|
|
(35,021,241 |
) |
|
|
(63,795,275 |
) |
|
|
(47,835,897 |
) |
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities and
long-term investments |
|
|
54,822,160 |
|
|
|
54,000,000 |
|
|
|
5,000,000 |
|
Payment for purchase of ICU Data Systems, Inc |
|
|
(1,926,031 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition of property and equipment |
|
|
(654,430 |
) |
|
|
(332,473 |
) |
|
|
(554,993 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
|
|
17,220,458 |
|
|
|
(10,127,748 |
) |
|
|
(43,390,890 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of common shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51,232,774 |
|
Repurchase of common shares |
|
|
(31,449,420 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excess tax benefits from stock option exercises |
|
|
1,012,325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of common shares due to
exercise of stock options |
|
|
1,335,328 |
|
|
|
1,483,867 |
|
|
|
439,913 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
|
|
(29,101,767 |
) |
|
|
1,483,867 |
|
|
|
51,672,687 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND
CASH EQUIVALENTS |
|
|
3,993,164 |
|
|
|
4,438,108 |
|
|
|
15,586,632 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS,
BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
|
|
33,172,977 |
|
|
|
28,734,869 |
|
|
|
13,148,237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS,
END OF PERIOD |
|
$ |
37,166,141 |
|
|
$ |
33,172,977 |
|
|
$ |
28,734,869 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental Disclosure of Non cash investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Demonstration and no capital cost sales equipment capitalized
from inventory (Note 2) |
|
$ |
644,814 |
|
|
$ |
833,069 |
|
|
$ |
828,692 |
|
Supplemental Disclosure of Taxes paid: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal and state income taxes (Note 5) |
|
$ |
600,317 |
|
|
$ |
572,627 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
See notes to financial statements
57
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Organization and Operations
We are a Michigan corporation that was formed in 1982. We develop, manufacture and market the
INVOS® System, a non-invasive patient monitoring system that continuously measures
changes in blood oxygen levels. The principal markets for our products are the United States,
Europe, and Japan. The INVOS System, based on our In Vivo Optical Spectroscopy, or INVOS,
technology, is used to measure changes in regional blood oxygen saturation in the brain and
elsewhere in the body in tissues beneath the sensor in patients with or at risk for restricted
blood flow. The INVOS System measurement is made by transmitting low-intensity visible and
near-infrared light through a portion of the body with disposable sensors, and detecting the manner
in which the exposed substance interacts with light at specific wavelengths.
In September 2000 we received FDA clearance to market our model 5100 INVOS System in the
United States, which has the added capability of being able to monitor pediatric patients. In
November 2005, we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor
changes in somatic tissue blood oxygen saturation in regions of the body other than the brain in
patients with or at risk for restricted blood flow. In May 2008, we received 510(k) clearance from
the FDA to market our INVOS System to monitor changes in blood oxygen saturation in any tissues
beneath the sensor, not limited to brain and somatic tissue, in any individual.
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
company that has developed a patented technology that integrates data from a broad array of
hospital bedside devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and infusion devices, into a
single bedside display for comparison, data management and storage. We plan to further develop and
launch our newly-acquired data integration technology as a stand-alone device, and we expect to
invest to combine the ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Cash Equivalents consist of short-term, interest-bearing investments maturing within three
months of our acquisition of them.
Marketable Securities and Long-Term Investments consist of Aaa-rated United States government
agency bonds and treasury bills, classified as held to maturity, maturing approximately five months
to five years from the date of acquisition, are stated at an amortized cost of $32,830,255, and
have a market value of $32,823,806 at November 30, 2008.
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis.
Inventory consists of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Purchased components |
|
$ |
2,141,050 |
|
|
$ |
1,702,878 |
|
Finished goods |
|
|
587,808 |
|
|
|
174,451 |
|
Work in process |
|
|
231,564 |
|
|
|
120,955 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,960,422 |
|
|
$ |
1,998,284 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In November 2007, we wrote off inventory of $180,521, due to obsolescence and the uncertainty
regarding future utilization of these products.
Property and Equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are computed using
the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from two to ten
years. Depreciation expense was $948,809, $799,122 and $585,149 for the fiscal years ended
November 30, 2008, November 30, 2007 and November 30, 2006, respectively. We offer to our United
States customers a no capital cost sales program whereby we ship the INVOS System monitor to the
customer at no charge. The INVOS System monitors that are shipped to
58
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
our customers are classified as no capital cost sales equipment and are depreciated over five
years to cost of goods sold. All other depreciation expense is recorded as a selling, general and
administrative expense. As of November 30, 2008, we have capitalized $3,919,296 in costs for INVOS
System monitors being used as demonstration and no capital cost sales equipment, and these assets
had a net book value of $1,820,503. As of November 30, 2007, we have capitalized $3,386,287 in
costs for INVOS System monitors being used as demonstration and no capital cost sales equipment,
and these assets had a net book value of $1,801,702. Property and equipment are reviewed for
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the net book value of the
asset may not be recovered.
Intangible Assets and Goodwill consist of patents and trademarks, and technology acquisition
costs and goodwill. Patents and trademarks are recorded at cost and are being amortized on the
straight-line method over 17 years. The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of these
patents and trademarks are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Patents and trademarks |
|
$ |
111,733 |
|
|
$ |
111,733 |
|
Less: accumulated amortization |
|
|
(111,733 |
) |
|
|
(108,636 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
3,097 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization expense was $3,097 for fiscal year ended November 30, 2008 and was $6,912 for the
fiscal years ended November 30, 2007 and November 30, 2006.
Technology acquisition costs and goodwill are related to our November 2008 acquisition of
substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a technology development company, for
approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of specified liabilities. Goodwill represents
the amount by which the purchase price of the acquired business exceeds the estimated fair value of
the net tangible and separately identifiable intangible assets of the acquired business, in
addition to transaction costs recorded at cost. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested at least
annually for impairment. The technology acquisition costs intangible asset has an estimated useful
life of 20 years, based on several patents that we have filed related to the technology, and will
be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. Intangible assets and
goodwill are reviewed annually for impairment at the end of our fiscal year, and whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recovered. We
evaluate impairment by comparing the fair value of the intangible asset, determined using a cash
flow method, with its carrying value.
No amortization expense was recorded related to the technology acquisition costs intangible
asset for 2008 because the transaction closed in November 2008. Amortization expense for each of
the next 20 fiscal years related to the technology acquisition costs intangible asset is expected
to be approximately $12,300. As of November 30, 2008, the carrying value of the technology
acquisition costs intangible asset was $246,318, and the carrying value of the goodwill was
$1,679,713.
We estimated the value of the technology acquisition costs intangible asset based on a
valuation model that included estimating the future cash flows of the technology and discounting
the net cash flows back to their present value using an appropriate risk-adjusted rate of return
(discount rate). The discount rate used was determined at the time of the acquisition in
accordance with accepted valuation methods. Our assessment of the estimated fair value included
making assumptions about the expected net revenues and operating income related to the acquired
technology in future years, making allowance for the uncertainties regarding, among other things,
the time and cost associated with the further advancement of the design and performance of the
technology to ready it for market launch, the rate of adoption of the technology once it is
launched into the marketplace, and the potential for competition related to the launched
technology.
Revenue Recognition, including direct sales, sales through sales representatives and sales to
international distributors, occurs for our products when there is persuasive evidence of an
arrangement with the customer, the product has been delivered, the sales price is fixed or
determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. The
59
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
product is considered delivered to the customer once we have shipped it, as this is when title
and risk of loss have transferred. We have considered Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 and
Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables in
determining our revenue recognition policy.
Research, Development and Engineering costs are expensed as incurred.
Net Income Per Common Share basic and diluted is computed using the weighted average number
of common shares outstanding during each period. Weighted average shares outstanding diluted,
for the years ended November 30, 2008, November 30, 2007 and November 30, 2006, includes the
potential dilution that could occur for common shares issuable under stock options. As of November
30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the difference between weighted average shares diluted and weighted
average shares basic is calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Weighted average shares basic |
|
|
12,671,452 |
|
|
|
13,213,428 |
|
|
|
12,463,075 |
|
Add: effect of dilutive common
shares and warrants |
|
|
1,000,278 |
|
|
|
1,171,017 |
|
|
|
1,361,392 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares diluted |
|
|
13,671,730 |
|
|
|
14,384,445 |
|
|
|
13,824,467 |
|
At November 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, there were no stock options outstanding that were
excluded from the computation of net income per common share diluted. In addition, at November
30, 2008, we had outstanding 1,822,187 options to purchase common shares, as of November 30, 2007,
we had outstanding 1,895,656 options to purchase common shares and as of November 30, 2006, we had
outstanding 2,071,990 options to purchase common shares.
Common Share Repurchase Program In April 2008, our Board of Directors authorized the
repurchase of up to $15 million of our common shares. Purchases may be made from time to time in
the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The prices, timing and amount of, and
purposes for, any purchases will be determined by management. In May 2008, our Board of Directors
authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $15 million of our common shares, and in July
2008, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $15 million of our
common shares, for a total of $45 million of our common shares under the repurchase program.
During fiscal 2008, we repurchased 1,805,129 common shares at an average price of $17.42 per share
and an aggregate cost of $31,449,420.
Accounting Pronouncements In July 2006, the FASB adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold
and requires an assessment of the probability of the validity of tax positions taken or expected to
be taken in income tax returns for recognition in financial statements. Only tax positions meeting
a more-likely-than-not threshold of being sustained are recognized under FIN 48. FIN 48 also
provides guidance on classification of interest and penalties and accounting and disclosures for
annual and interim financial statements. We adopted FIN 48 effective December 1, 2007, for our
fiscal 2008. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
Use Of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses for each fiscal period. Actual results could differ from
those estimated.
3. Stock Offerings and Common Shares
On March 6, 2006, we completed a public offering of 2,300,000 of our newly-issued common
shares at a public offering price of $24.00 per share. The net proceeds, after deducting the
underwriting discount and the expense of the offering, were $51,232,774.
During fiscal 2008, we issued 319,969 common shares as a result of stock option exercises by
our employees and directors for gross proceeds to us of $1,335,328. During fiscal 2007, we issued
271,334 common
60
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
shares as a result of stock option exercises by our employees, a former director and a
consultant for gross proceeds to us of $1,483,867. During fiscal 2006, we issued 79,742 common
shares as a result of stock option exercises by our employees and a former director for gross
proceeds of $439,913.
Common shares reserved for future issuance upon exercise of stock options as discussed above
at November 30, 2008, are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
1991 Incentive Stock Option Plan |
|
|
14,663 |
|
1997 Stock Option Plan |
|
|
1,076,308 |
|
2005 Stock Incentive Plan |
|
|
1,043,727 |
|
Options Granted Independent of Option Plans |
|
|
55,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shares reserved for future issuance |
|
|
2,189,698 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Incentive Compensation |
|
$ |
978,520 |
|
|
$ |
958,642 |
|
Sales Commissions |
|
|
637,516 |
|
|
|
548,046 |
|
Taxes |
|
|
121,683 |
|
|
|
|
|
Clinical Research |
|
|
51,671 |
|
|
|
110,639 |
|
Professional Fees |
|
|
39,500 |
|
|
|
61,550 |
|
Warranty |
|
|
19,440 |
|
|
|
19,800 |
|
401(k) Match |
|
|
342 |
|
|
|
|
|
Royalty |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,804 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,848,672 |
|
|
$ |
1,701,481 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes reflect the estimated future tax effect of (1) temporary differences
between the amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as
measured by tax laws and regulations and (2) net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Our
deferred tax assets primarily represent the tax benefit of net operating loss carryforwards and
research and general business tax credit carryforwards. We had deferred tax assets of
approximately $8,706,000 as of November 30, 2008, which include approximately $6,953,000 related to
the exercise of stock options, which will not be recognized as deferred tax assets on our balance
sheet until such time as they are utilized and reduce current taxes payable. If realized in the
future, these tax benefits will be recognized in additional paid in capital. During fiscal 2008,
we recognized deferred tax assets of approximately $1,012,000 in additional paid in capital because
they were utilized and reduced current taxes payable. The change in the valuation related to
future stock option tax benefits is attributable to current year tax deductions from stock options
exercised. We had deferred tax assets of approximately $12,099,000 as of November 30, 2007, which
include approximately $6,024,000 related to the exercise of stock options, as described above. We
have used a statutory federal income tax rate of 34 percent when calculating our deferred tax
assets. We paid income taxes in fiscal 2008 and 2007 of approximately $252,000 and $401,000
respectively for alternative minimum tax due, and paid no income taxes in fiscal 2006. The amounts
paid for alternative minimum tax in fiscal 2008 and 2007 have been recorded as tax credit
carryforward deferred tax assets on our balance sheet, as shown below.
61
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The components of deferred income tax assets as of November 30, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
$ |
7,119 |
|
|
$ |
11,037 |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
885 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
Other |
|
|
85 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
Basis difference of fixed assets and intangibles |
|
|
(212 |
) |
|
|
51 |
|
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforward |
|
|
653 |
|
|
|
401 |
|
Research and general business tax credit carryforwards |
|
|
176 |
|
|
|
176 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal |
|
|
8,706 |
|
|
|
12,099 |
|
Reduction for future stock option tax benefits valuation |
|
|
(6,953 |
) |
|
|
(6,024 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax asset |
|
$ |
1,753 |
|
|
$ |
6,075 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The items accounting for the difference between income taxes computed at the federal statutory
rate and the provision for income taxes are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Fiscal Year Ended November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Taxes at U.S. statutory rate 34 percent |
|
$ |
5,579,734 |
|
|
$ |
5,076,276 |
|
|
$ |
3,280,985 |
|
State and local income taxes |
|
|
325,763 |
|
|
|
122,347 |
|
|
|
|
|
Nondeductible meals and entertainment |
|
|
59,237 |
|
|
|
49,320 |
|
|
|
37,628 |
|
Change in valuation allowance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,068,613 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit) from
continuing operations |
|
$ |
5,964,734 |
|
|
$ |
5,247,943 |
|
|
$ |
(750,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective tax rate |
|
|
36.3 |
% |
|
|
35.1 |
% |
|
|
(7.8 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The components of current and deferred federal and state income tax expense and benefit are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Fiscal Year Ended November 30, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Federal income tax expense current |
|
$ |
252,488 |
|
|
$ |
206,960 |
|
|
$ |
194,000 |
|
Federal income tax expense (benefit) deferred |
|
|
5,360,450 |
|
|
|
4,891,042 |
|
|
|
(944,000 |
) |
State income tax expense current |
|
|
325,763 |
|
|
|
122,347 |
|
|
|
|
|
State income tax expense deferred |
|
|
26,033 |
|
|
|
27,594 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit) from
continuing operations |
|
$ |
5,964,734 |
|
|
$ |
5,247,943 |
|
|
$ |
(750,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We have performed the required assessment of positive and negative evidence regarding
realization of our deferred tax assets in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income
Taxes, including our past operating results, the existence of cumulative losses over our history
up to the most recent six fiscal years, and our forecast for future net income. Our assessment of
our deferred tax assets included making assumptions about the growth of our net revenues and
pre-tax income in future years, making allowance for the uncertainties regarding, among other
things, our future rate of growth in net revenues, the rate of adoption of our products in the
marketplace, and the potential for competition to enter the marketplace. As of November 30, 2008,
we have concluded that it is more likely than not that approximately $1,753,000 of our net deferred
tax assets will be realized. The remaining tax benefits of $6,953,000 relating to stock option
exercises will not be recognized on our financial statements until they reduce current taxes
payable. The benefit, when recognized, will increase additional paid in capital.
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008, we recorded a net income tax expense of
$5,964,734, which consisted of income tax expense recorded at an estimated effective tax rate of 36
percent. For the fiscal year ended
62
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2007, we recorded a net income tax expense of $5,247,943, which consisted of
income tax expense recorded at an estimated effective tax rate of 35 percent. For fiscal 2006, the
reversal of our valuation allowance was net of recorded taxes. For the fiscal year ended November
30, 2006, we recorded a net income tax benefit of $750,000, which consisted of income tax expense
recorded at an estimated effective tax rate of 34 percent in the amount of $2,604,663 for the first
three quarters of fiscal 2006 and a net deferred tax benefit of $3,354,663 recorded in the fourth
quarter of fiscal 2006.
As of November 30, 2008, net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $20.5 million were
available for Federal income tax purposes for future years. Research and business general tax
credits of approximately $176,000 are also available to offset future taxes, and alternative
minimum tax credits of approximately $653,000 are also available to offset future taxes. These
losses and credits expire, if unused, at various dates from 2009 through 2025.
Use of our net operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards and certain future
deductions could be restricted, in the event of future changes in our equity structure, by
provisions contained in the Tax Reform Act of 1986.
6. Commitments and Contingencies
We have a lease agreement for a 23,392 square foot, stand-alone office, assembly and warehouse
facility. The current lease, as amended, expires December 31, 2009. In addition, on November 14,
2008, we assumed a lease for approximately 900 square feet of office space used primarily for
engineering activities. This lease expires November 30, 2009.
Operating lease expense for the years ended November 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was approximately
$168,200, $164,300, and $163,300, respectively. Approximate future minimum lease commitments are
as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Year ending November 30, |
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
$ |
172,700 |
|
2010 |
|
|
12,400 |
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
185,100 |
|
|
|
|
|
We have executed purchase orders for inventory components representing purchase obligations of
approximately $5,504,800 as of November 30, 2008.
In December 1991, we amended and restated our profit sharing plan to include a 401(k) plan
covering substantially all employees. Under provisions of the plan, participants may contribute,
annually, between 1 percent and 25 percent of their compensation. In November 2004, our board of
directors approved matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan equal to $2 for every $1 contributed
by Company employees to the 401(k) Plan at each payroll date on or after January 1, 2005, up to a
Company contribution of 4 percent of the employees compensation, and continuing until terminated
by further action of the board of directors. In addition, at the discretion of the board of
directors, we may make other annual discretionary contributions to the plan. Matching
contributions made for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 were approximately $428,000, $338,000 and
$215,000, respectively.
As of November 30, 2008, we have amended and restated employment agreements or amended and
restated change in control agreements with all of our officers. The employment agreement with our
Senior Vice President, U.S. Sales and Marketing and the change in control agreements with seven of
our officers provide for severance benefits equal to one years salary upon termination of
employment without cause or for good reason 90 days before to one year after a change in control of
the Company that occurs by June 17, 2011. In addition, on June 17, 2008, we amended and restated
our employment agreement with our President and Chief Executive Officer that was scheduled to
expire April 30, 2009. The amended and restated agreement provides for severance benefits
consisting of fringe benefits for one year (two years if termination is in connection with a Change
in Control) and a lump sum payment equal to one years salary (two years if termination is in
connection with a Change in Control), plus the target bonus for the year of termination (which must
be at least 65% of his salary) (two times the target bonus if
63
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
termination is in connection with a Change in Control), plus a pro rata bonus through the date
of termination upon termination of his employment without cause or for good reason. His amended
and restated employment agreement expires June 17, 2011, unless earlier terminated as provided in
the agreement, except that the term is automatically extended for additional one-year periods
effective one year before it would otherwise expire (i.e., so that the remaining term will be two
years), unless either party provides the other with notice that the term will not be extended and
such notice provided at least one year before the term would otherwise expire. All officers have
agreed not to compete with us and not to solicit our employees during specified periods following
the termination of employment, and they have agreed to various confidentiality obligations. The
estimated financial exposure of these employment agreements, upon a change of control of the
Company and termination of all of the executives without cause, is approximately $2,191,000.
We entered into a Contract Development and Exclusive Licensing Agreement with NeuroPhysics
Corporation as of September 18, 2006. The agreement provides us with feasibility research,
contract development and consulting services and certain ownership and licensing rights, subject to
the rights of the United States Federal government, to intellectual property and technical
knowledge associated with several novel near-infrared spectroscopy, or NIRS, and imaging
technologies and products under development at NeuroPhysics. We paid an initial license fee of
$1,000,000. We terminated this agreement in February 2009, except for various provisions
regarding our ownership of the technology related to the potential new products. In February 2009,
we entered into a similar agreement with Shirley Research Corporation and Hugh F. Stoddart and
Hugh A. Stoddart, and have agreed to pay monthly development and consulting fees of $15,000 a month
during the term of the agreement and a royalty on future sales of the new products.
We may become subject to product liability claims by patients or physicians, and may become a
defendant in product liability or malpractice litigation. We have obtained product liability
insurance and an umbrella policy. We might not be able to maintain such insurance or such
insurance might not be sufficient to protect us against product liability.
7. Stock Option Plans
In February 1991 and January 1997, we adopted stock option plans, and in February 2005, we
adopted a stock incentive plan, for our key employees, directors, consultants and advisors and,
under the 2005 plan, independent contractors and agents. On April 19, 2007, our shareholders
approved an amendment to the Somanetics Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the
number of common shares reserved for issuance under the 2005 Plan.
The stock option plans provided for our issuance of options to purchase a maximum of 115,000
common shares under the 1991 plan and 2,560,000 common shares under the 1997 plan. The 2005 plan
permits us to grant stock options, including both nonqualified options and incentive options,
restricted stock and restricted stock units, up to 1,200,000 common shares. In addition, we
granted options to employees independent of the plans. Options granted generally have a 10-year
life, and vest over a three-year period, except the options granted in fiscal 2005 vested on
November 30, 2005 and the options and restricted stock granted in fiscal 2006, fiscal 2007 and
fiscal 2008 vest over a five-year period. Awards and expirations under the 1991 plan, 1997 plan,
2005 plan and independent of the plans during the years ended November 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are
listed below.
At November 30, 2008, no additional options may be granted under the 1991 plan or the 1997
plan, and 367,511 common shares were available to be granted or awarded under the 2005 plan.
During fiscal 2008, we granted 253,000 stock options to our employees, directors and officers,
at the market price on the date of grant, during fiscal 2007, we granted 96,000 stock options to
our employees, directors and one of our officers, at the market price on the date of grant, and
during fiscal 2006, we granted 239,000 stock options to our officers, employees, directors and one
of our consultants, at the market price on the date of grant. During fiscal 2008, we also issued
5,273 restricted common shares to our employees in January 2008 and 70,000 restricted common shares
to our officers in March 2008 valued at the market price on the date of grant of $21.81 and $12.61
respectively. During fiscal 2007, we issued 9,000 restricted common shares to our officers valued
at the market price on the date of grant of $18.93, and during fiscal 2006, we issued 68,000
restricted common shares to
64
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
our officers valued at the market price on the date of grant of $18.06. These stock options
and restricted shares vest and are expensed in the financial statements over five years. During
fiscal 2008, 66,800 stock options and 15,400 restricted common shares vested, during fiscal 2007
47,800 stock options and 13,600 restricted common shares vested, and during fiscal 2006 no stock
options or restricted common shares vested. As a result of the stock options and restricted common
shares that we granted during fiscal 2006, 2007 and 2008, we have recorded $1,338,590 in stock
compensation expense in fiscal 2008 in accordance with SFAS No. 123 (R). As a result of the stock
options and restricted common shares that we granted during fiscal 2006 and 2007, we recorded
$781,308 in stock compensation expense in fiscal 2007 in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). As a
result of the stock options and restricted common shares that we granted during fiscal 2006, we
recorded $304,248 in stock compensation expense in fiscal 2006 in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R).
As of November 30, 2008, there was $5,247,791 of total unrecognized compensation cost related
to nonvested share-based compensation awards granted under the 2005 Plan. That cost is expected to
be recognized over a weighted average period of 4 years. As of November 30, 2007, there was
$3,606,518 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation
awards granted under the 2005 Plan. That cost was expected to be recognized over a weighted
average period of 4 years. As of November 30, 2006, there was $3,260,855 of total unrecognized
compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation awards granted under the 2005 Plan.
That cost was expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.5 years.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used for 2008, 2007 and 2006:
expected volatility (the measure by which the stock price has fluctuated or is expected to
fluctuate during the period) of 59.30 percent for 2008 (47.00 percent for 2007 and 54.00 percent
for 2006), risk-free interest rate (approximate U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant)
of 2.35 percent for 2008 (5.0 percent for 2007 and 2006), expected lives of 6 years for 2008 (6
years for 2007 and 2006) and dividend yield of 0 percent. The fair value of restricted common
shares was estimated based on the market value of the common shares on the date of issuance.
A summary of our stock option activity and related information for the years ended November
30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
Common |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Common |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Common |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
Options outstanding
December 1, |
|
|
1,895,656 |
|
|
$ |
6.75 |
|
|
|
2,071,990 |
|
|
$ |
6.01 |
|
|
|
1,914,232 |
|
|
$ |
4.59 |
|
Options granted |
|
|
253,000 |
|
|
|
13.56 |
|
|
|
96,000 |
|
|
|
19.25 |
|
|
|
239,000 |
|
|
|
17.30 |
|
Options exercised |
|
|
(319,969 |
) |
|
|
4.17 |
|
|
|
(271,334 |
) |
|
|
5.47 |
|
|
|
(79,742 |
) |
|
|
5.52 |
|
Options canceled |
|
|
(6,500 |
) |
|
|
14.92 |
|
|
|
(1,000 |
) |
|
|
18.85 |
|
|
|
(1,500 |
) |
|
|
17.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding
November 30, |
|
|
1,822,187 |
|
|
|
8.12 |
|
|
|
1,895,656 |
|
|
|
6.75 |
|
|
|
2,071,990 |
|
|
|
6.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable
November 30, |
|
|
1,352,587 |
|
|
$ |
5.51 |
|
|
|
1,609,456 |
|
|
$ |
4.76 |
|
|
|
1,832,990 |
|
|
$ |
4.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of November 30, 2008, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was
$17,165,002, and the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercisable was $16,271,622. As of
November 30, 2007, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was $25,136,399, and
the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercisable was $24,544,204. As of November 30,
2006, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was $27,743,946, and the aggregate
intrinsic value of stock options exercisable was $27,256,561. The total intrinsic value of options
exercised during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $5,589,429, $3,707,681 and $1,188,554,
respectively.
65
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
A summary of the price ranges of our stock options outstanding and exercisable as of November
30, 2008 is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding |
|
|
Options exercisable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Average |
|
Range of Exercise |
|
Options |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Options |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Remaining |
|
Prices |
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Life (years) |
|
|
Exercisable |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Life (years) |
|
$1.70 - $10.00 |
|
|
1,067,438 |
|
|
$ |
2.92 |
|
|
|
3.23 |
|
|
|
1,067,438 |
|
|
$ |
2.92 |
|
|
|
3.23 |
|
$10.01 - $15.00 |
|
|
366,253 |
|
|
|
13.11 |
|
|
|
7.99 |
|
|
|
173,753 |
|
|
|
13.67 |
|
|
|
6.50 |
|
$15.01 - $19.93 |
|
|
388,496 |
|
|
|
17.70 |
|
|
|
8.08 |
|
|
|
111,396 |
|
|
|
17.69 |
|
|
|
7.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1,822,187 |
|
|
$ |
8.12 |
|
|
|
5.22 |
|
|
|
1,352,587 |
|
|
$ |
5.51 |
|
|
|
4.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during fiscal 2008, 2007 and
2006 was $7.83, $9.97 and $9.78, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested during fiscal
2008, 2007 and 2006 was $936,463, $713,021 and $0, respectively. No modifications were made to any
share awards that required an accounting charge, and no cash was paid for share-based liabilities
during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006.
8. Acquisitions
In November 2008, we acquired substantially all of the assets of ICU Data Systems, Inc., a
technology development company, for approximately $2,000,000 in cash plus the assumption of
specified liabilities. ICU Data Systems has developed a patented technology that integrates data
from a broad array of hospital bedside devices, such as physiological monitors, ventilators and
infusion devices, into a single bedside display for comparison, data management and storage. The
patent underlying the technology is licensed by us from the University of Florida College of
Medicine and Engineering and expires in 2023. The data integration technology allows customized
presentation of data from various bedside devices for comparison on the same display and on the
same timeline. The device can also calculate and display derived parameters, or calculated
parameters based on the combination of two or more discrete parameters. In addition, device can
provide user-defined, automated event marks and alerts. All resulting information can be stored
for inclusion in the patient record and clinical research.
We plan to further develop and launch our newly-acquired data integration technology as a
stand-alone device in mid-2009. The INVOS System is one of many devices whose data can be
integrated into the stand-alone device. To support the addition of the derived parameter features
to the system, we will pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance in 2009. In addition, we expect to invest
to combine the ICU Data Systems and INVOS System technologies in a single product for launch
expected in the second half of 2010. We also plan to pursue a new FDA 510(k) clearance for this
integrated device in 2010.
Upon our acquisition of ICU Data Systems, Inc.s assets in November 2008, the purchase price
was allocated among the net tangible assets, other identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, as
required by the relevant accounting standards. The value assigned to the identified intangible
asset was based on a valuation model that included estimating the future cash flows of the
technology and discounting the net cash flows back to their present value using an appropriate
risk-adjusted rate of return (discount rate). See Note 2. The discount rate used was determined
at the time of the acquisition in accordance with accepted valuation methods. Our assessment of
the estimated fair value included making assumptions about the expected net revenues and operating
income related to the acquired technology in future years, making allowance for the uncertainties
regarding, among other things, the time and cost associated with the further advancement of the
design and performance of the technology to ready it for market launch, the rate of adoption of the
technology once it is launched into the marketplace, and the potential for competition related to
the launched technology.
66
SOMANETICS CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Goodwill represents the amount by which the purchase price of the acquired business exceeds
the estimated fair value of the net tangible and separately identifiable intangible assets of the
acquired business, in addition to transaction costs recorded at cost. Goodwill is not amortized,
but is tested at least annually for impairment. The technology acquisition costs intangible asset
has an estimated useful life of 20 years, based on several patents related to the technology, and
will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. Intangible assets and
goodwill are reviewed annually for impairment at the end of our fiscal year, and whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recovered. The
company evaluates impairment by comparing the fair value of the intangible asset, determined using
a cash flow method, with its carrying value. No amortization expense was recorded related to the
technology acquisition costs intangible asset for 2008 because the transaction closed in November
2008. As of November 30, 2008, the carrying value of the technology acquisition costs intangible
asset was $246,318, and the carrying value of the goodwill was $1,679,713.
9. Major Customers and Foreign Sales
Covidien, formerly Tyco Healthcare, our international distributor in Europe, the Middle East,
South Africa and Canada for our INVOS System, accounted for 14 percent of net revenues for the
fiscal year ended November 30, 2008, 13 percent of net revenues for the fiscal year ended November
30, 2007 and 15 percent of net revenues for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2006.
Additionally, foreign net revenues for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2008 were
$9,420,472, for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2007 were $7,024,902, and for the fiscal year
ended November 30, 2006 were $5,424,536.
10. Segment Information
We operate our business in one reportable segment, the development, manufacture and marketing of
medical devices. Our products have similar characteristics, customers, distribution and marketing
strategies, and are subject to similar regulatory requirements. In making operating and strategic
decisions, our management evaluates net revenues based on the worldwide net revenues of our
products, and also profitability on an enterprise-wide basis due to shared costs. Approximately
100 percent of our net revenues in fiscal 2008 and 2007 were derived from our INVOS System product
line, compared to 99 percent of our net revenues in fiscal 2006.
67
QUARTERLY INFORMATION (unaudited)
The following is a summary of our quarterly operating results for the fiscal years ended
November 30, 2008 and 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter |
|
|
First |
|
Second |
|
Third |
|
Fourth |
Year Ended November 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
8,693,274 |
|
|
$ |
12,740,063 |
|
|
$ |
12,367,988 |
|
|
$ |
13,654,292 |
|
Gross margin |
|
|
7,676,450 |
|
|
|
11,060,807 |
|
|
|
10,650,130 |
|
|
|
11,818,974 |
|
Net income |
|
|
1,028,429 |
|
|
|
3,052,252 |
|
|
|
3,046,454 |
|
|
|
3,319,112 |
|
Net income per common
share basic |
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.23 |
|
|
$ |
0.25 |
|
|
$ |
0.28 |
|
Net income per common
share diluted |
|
$ |
0.07 |
|
|
$ |
0.21 |
|
|
$ |
0.23 |
|
|
$ |
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended November 30, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
8,024,872 |
|
|
$ |
9,122,178 |
|
|
$ |
10,163,509 |
|
|
$ |
11,275,273 |
|
Gross margin |
|
|
7,023,149 |
|
|
|
8,075,061 |
|
|
|
8,825,091 |
|
|
|
9,936,385 |
|
Net income |
|
|
1,683,551 |
|
|
|
2,406,456 |
|
|
|
2,792,689 |
|
|
|
2,799,585 |
|
Net income per common
share basic |
|
$ |
0.13 |
|
|
$ |
0.18 |
|
|
$ |
0.21 |
|
|
$ |
0.21 |
|
Net income per common
share diluted |
|
$ |
0.12 |
|
|
$ |
0.17 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
68
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our management has evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive and principal
financial officers, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and of our internal
control over financial reporting, both as of November 30, 2008. Based on their evaluation, our
principal executive and principal financial officers have concluded that these controls and
procedures are effective as of November 30, 2008. See Item 8 of this report for Managements
Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and our Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firms Report, which are incorporated in this Item 9A by reference. There was no change
in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with such evaluation that
occurred during our fourth fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2008 that has materially affected, or
is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Disclosure controls and procedures are our controls and other procedures that are designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under
the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified
in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures
include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required
to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated
and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial
officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision
of, our principal executive and principal financial officers, and effected by our board of
directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies
and procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail
accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of assets, (2) provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and (3) and
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition,
use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
69
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
70
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this Item 10 regarding our executive officers is included in the
Supplemental Item in Part I of this report, and is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference. The
information required by this Item 10 regarding our directors will be set forth under the captions
Election of Directors and Biographical Information in our Proxy Statement in connection with
the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in
this Item 10 by reference. The information required by this Item 10 concerning compliance with
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 will be set forth under the caption Section
16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance in our Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009
Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this
Item 10 by reference.
The information required by this Item 10 concerning our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
will be set forth under the caption Code of Business Conduct and Ethics in our Proxy Statement in
connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is
incorporated in this Item 10 by reference. The information required by this Item 10 concerning the
procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to our board of directors will be set
forth under the caption Corporate Governance Nominating Committee in our Proxy Statement in
connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is
incorporated in this Item 10 by reference. The information required by this Item 10 concerning our
Audit Committee and our Audit Committee financial experts will be set forth under the caption
Corporate Governance Audit Committee and Corporate Governance Audit Committee Financial
Expert in our Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled
to be held April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item 11 concerning executive compensation will be set forth
under the caption Executive Compensation in our Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009
Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this
Item 11 by reference. The information required by this Item 11 concerning Compensation Committee
Interlocks and Insider Participation will be set forth under the caption Corporate Governance
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation in our Proxy Statement in connection
with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is
incorporated in this Item 11 by reference. The information required by this Item 11 concerning the
Compensation Committee Report will be set forth under the caption Corporate Governance
Compensation Committee Report in our Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this Item 11 by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
The information required by this Item 12 concerning security ownership of certain beneficial
owners and management will be set forth under the captions Voting Securities and Principal Holders
Principal Holders of Our Voting Securities and Election of Directors in our Proxy Statement in
connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is
incorporated in this Item 12 by reference. The equity compensation plan information required by
this Item 12 will be set forth under the caption Equity Compensation Plan Information in our
Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held
April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this Item 12 by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item 13 concerning transactions with related persons, if any,
will be set forth under the caption Certain Transactions or Compensation Committee Interlocks
and Insider Participation and under the caption Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions
with Related Persons in our Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this Item 13 by reference.
The information required by this Item 13 concerning director
71
independence will be set forth under the caption Corporate Governance Independence in our
Proxy Statement in connection with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held
April 23, 2009, and is incorporated in this Item 13 by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item 14 concerning principal accountant fees and services
will be set forth under the caption Independent Accountants in our Proxy Statement in connection
with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 23, 2009, and is
incorporated in this Item 14 by reference.
72
PART IV
ITEM 15 EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
Financial Statements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our financial statements for the following years are included in response to Item 8 of this report: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheets November 30, 2008 and 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statements of Operations For Each of the Three Years in the Period Ended November 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statements of Shareholders Equity For Each of the Three Years in the Period Ended November 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statements of Cash Flows For Each of the Three Years in the Period Ended November 30, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes to Financial Statements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
Financial Statement Schedules |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
Exhibits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Exhibits to this report are as set forth in the Exhibit Index on pages 75 to
77 of this report. Each management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
filed as an exhibit to this report is identified in the Index to Exhibits with an
asterisk before the exhibit number. |
73
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Somanetics Corporation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Date: February 9, 2009
|
|
By:
|
|
/s/ Bruce J. Barrett |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bruce J. Barrett |
|
|
|
|
President & Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ BRUCE J. BARRETT
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer and a Director
|
|
February 9, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
Bruce J. Barrett
|
|
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ WILLIAM M. IACONA
|
|
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
|
|
February 10, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
William M. Iacona
|
|
Controller, and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ JAMES I. AUSMAN
|
|
Director
|
|
February 10, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
James I. Ausman, M.D., Ph.D. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ DANIEL S. FOLLIS
|
|
Director
|
|
February 11, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
Daniel S. Follis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ ROBERT R. HENRY
|
|
Director
|
|
February 9, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
Robert R. Henry |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ JOHN P. JUMPER
|
|
Director
|
|
February 10, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
John P. Jumper |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ RICHARD R. SORENSEN
|
|
Director
|
|
February 9, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
Richard R. Sorensen |
|
|
|
|
74
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
Description |
|
3(i)
|
|
Restated Articles of Incorporation of Somanetics Corporation,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28,
1998. |
|
|
|
3(ii)
|
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Somanetics Corporation, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to the Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K dated November 2, 2007 and filed November 5, 2007. |
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
Lease Agreement, dated September 10, 1991, between Somanetics
Corporation and WS Development Company, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.3 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended August 31, 1991. |
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
Extension of Lease, between Somanetics Corporation and WS
Development Company, dated July 22, 1994, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.11 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended August 31, 1994. |
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
Change in ownership of Lease Agreement for 1653 E. Maple Road,
Troy, MI 48083, dated September 12, 1994, between Somanetics
Corporation and First Industrial, L.P., incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.12 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended August 31, 1994. |
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Second Addendum, between Somanetics Corporation and First
Industrial Mortgage Partnership, L.P., dated April 14, 1997,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 1997. |
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
Third Amendment, between Somanetics Corporation and First
Industrial Mortgage Partnership, L.P., dated April 23, 1999,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 1999. |
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
Fourth Amendment, between Somanetics Corporation and First
Industrial Mortgage Partnership, L.P., dated April 13, 2000,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2000. |
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
Fifth Amendment, between Somanetics Corporation and First
Industrial Mortgage Partnership, L.P., dated January 22, 2003,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002. |
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
Sixth Amendment, between Somanetics Corporation and First
Industrial Mortgage Partnership, L.P., dated April 21, 2004,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2004. |
|
|
|
*10.9
|
|
Somanetics Corporation Amended and Restated 1991 Incentive Stock
Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
November 30, 1991. |
|
|
|
*10.10
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1991 Incentive Stock
Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
November 30, 1992. |
|
|
|
*10.11
|
|
Amended and Restated Fifth Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1991
Incentive Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.10 to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended November 30, 1995. |
|
|
|
*10.12
|
|
Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Companys Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 1996. |
|
|
|
*10.13
|
|
First Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 1997. |
|
|
|
*10.14
|
|
Second Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 1998. |
75
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
Description |
|
*10.15
|
|
Third Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 1999. |
|
|
|
*10.16
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2000. |
|
|
|
*10.17
|
|
Fifth Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28,
2002. |
|
|
|
*10.18
|
|
Sixth Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 1997 Stock Option Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002. |
|
|
|
*10.19
|
|
Somanetics Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K, dated February 24, 2005 |
|
|
|
*10.20
|
|
First Amendment to Somanetics Corporation 2005 Stock Incentive
Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K, dated January 17, 2007 and filed
January 23, 2007. |
|
|
|
*10.21
|
|
Somanetics Corporation 2008 Executive Officer Incentive
Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Companys Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 17, 2007 and
filed December 18, 2007. |
|
|
|
*10.22
|
|
Somanetics Corporation 2009 Executive Officer Incentive
Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Companys Current Report on Form 8-K, dated January 21, 2009 and
filed January 23, 2009. |
|
|
|
*10.23
|
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Somanetics
Corporation and Bruce J. Barrett, dated as of June 17, 2008,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Companys Current
Report on Form 8-K, dated June 17, 2008 and filed June 23, 2008. |
|
|
|
*10.24
|
|
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Somanetics
Corporation and Dominic J. Spadafore, dated as of June 17, 2008,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Companys Current
Report on Form 8-K, dated June 17, 2008 and filed June 23, 2008. |
|
|
|
*10.25
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement, between
Somanetics Corporation and executive officers, dated as of June 17,
2008, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys
Current Report on Form 8-K, dated June 17, 2008 and filed June 23,
2008. |
|
|
|
*10.26
|
|
Form of Director Stock Option Agreement, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.30 to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended November 30, 2004. |
|
|
|
*10.27
|
|
Form of Officer Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Companys Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2004. |
|
|
|
*10.28
|
|
Form of Employee Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Companys Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2004. |
|
|
|
*10.29
|
|
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.33 to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended November 30, 2004. |
|
|
|
*10.30
|
|
Form of 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Incentive Stock Option Agreement,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2005. |
|
|
|
*10.31
|
|
Form of 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Officer Non-Qualified Stock
Option Agreement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the
Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
May 31, 2005. |
|
|
|
*10.32
|
|
Form of 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Non-Officer Non-Qualified Stock
Option Agreement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the
Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
May 31, 2005. |
|
|
|
*10.33
|
|
Form of 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Director Stock Option Agreement,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Companys
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2005. |
76
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
Description |
|
*10.34
|
|
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
June 29, 2006 and filed July 5, 2006. |
|
|
|
*10.35
|
|
Stock Option Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2002, between
Somanetics Corporation and Dominic J. Spadafore, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Companys Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2002. |
|
|
|
*10.36
|
|
Summary of Outside Director Compensation, incorporated by reference
to Item 1.01 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 29, 2006 and filed July 5, 2006. |
|
|
|
10.37
|
|
Contract Development Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2009 among
Somanetics Corporation, Shirley Research Corporation, Hugh F.
Stoddart, and Hugh A. Stoddart, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
February 6, 2009 and filed February 10, 2009. |
|
|
|
10.38
|
|
Current Form of Somanetics Corporation Confidentiality Agreement
used for testing hospitals and clinics, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.22 to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended November 30, 1992. |
|
|
|
10.39
|
|
Current Form of Somanetics Corporation Confidentiality Agreement
used for the Companys employees and agents, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 1992. |
|
|
|
14.1
|
|
Somanetics Corporation Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, as
re-adopted December 18, 2008. |
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP. |
|
|
|
31.1
|
|
Certifications of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to
Rule 13a-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
Certifications of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to
Rule 13a-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
32.1
|
|
Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
77