d1206763_20-f.htm

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 20-F
 
(Mark One)
 
[  ]
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
 
OR
   
[X]
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010
   
 
OR
   
[  ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
 
For the transition period from _________________ to _________________
   
 
OR
   
[  ]
SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
 
Date of event requiring this shell company report _________________
   

Commission file number 000-49650

TORM A/S
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
TORM A/S
(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
 
Kingdom of Denmark
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
Tuborg Havnevej 18, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
Jesper Holmark,  011 45 3917 9396  (facsimile), ACC@TORM.COM (email), Tuborg Havnevej 18, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person).
 
 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act.

 
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
       

NONE
 




 

 
 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act.

Common Shares, par value 5 Danish Kroner per share,*
American Depository Shares (as evidenced by American Depository Receipts), each representing one (1) Common Share.

 
(Title of class)

* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depository Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

NONE
(Title of class)

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

72,800,000 common shares, par value 5 Danish Kroner per share.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes
   
No
X

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes
   
No
X

Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes
X
 
No
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes
   
No
 


 
 

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer" and "accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

       Large accelerated filer [_]
Accelerated filer [X]
 
       Non-accelerated filer [_]
 



Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 
U.S. GAAP
   
X
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board
 
 
 
Other
   

If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

 
Item 17
   
Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes
   
No
X

(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.

Yes
   
No
 


The Company "TORM A/S" formerly known as "Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet Torm" is referred to as "TORM" in this Annual Report.





 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
Page

 
ITEM 1.
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
1
ITEM 2.
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
1
ITEM 3.
KEY INFORMATION
1
ITEM 4.
INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
16
ITEM 4A.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
33
ITEM 5.
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
34
ITEM 6.
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
61
ITEM 7.
MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
65
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
66
ITEM 9.
THE OFFER AND LISTING
66
ITEM 10.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
69
ITEM 11.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
82
ITEM 12.
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
84
ITEM 13.
DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
84
ITEM 14.
MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
84
ITEM 15.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
84
ITEM 16A.
AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
86
ITEM 16B.
CODE OF ETHICS
86
ITEM 16C.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
86
ITEM 16D.
EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
87
ITEM 16E.
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASES
87
ITEM 16F.
CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
87
ITEM 16G.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
87
ITEM 17.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
88
ITEM 18.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
89
     
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-1
     
ITEM 19.
EXHIBITS
 

 
 

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 
Matters discussed in this report may constitute forward-looking statements. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are other than statements of historical facts.
 
Torm desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement in connection with this safe harbor legislation. This report and any other written or oral statements made by us or on our behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. When used in this report, the words "anticipate," "believe," "expect," "intend," "estimate," "forecast," "project," "plan," "potential," "may," "should," and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.
 
The forward-looking statements in this report are based upon various assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further assumptions, including without limitation, management's examination of historical operating trends, data contained in our records and other data available from third parties. Although we believe that these assumptions were reasonable when made, because these assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond our control, we cannot assure you that we will achieve or accomplish these expectations, beliefs or projections.
 
In addition to these assumptions and matters discussed elsewhere herein and in the documents incorporated by reference herein, important factors that, in our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include the strength of world economies and currencies, general market conditions, including fluctuations in charterhire rates and vessel values, changes in demand in the shipping market, including the effect of changes in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries', or OPEC's, petroleum production levels and worldwide oil consumption and storage, changes in regulatory requirements affecting vessel operating including requirements for double hull tankers, changes in  TORM's operating expenses, including bunker prices, drydocking and insurance costs, changes in governmental rules and regulations or actions taken by regulatory authorities, changes in the price of our capital investments, potential liability from pending or future litigation, general domestic and international political conditions, potential disruption of shipping routes due to accidents, political events or acts by terrorists, and other important factors described from time to time in the reports filed by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC.
 

 

 
 

 

PART I
 
ITEM 1.
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
 
Not Applicable.
 
ITEM 2.
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
 
Not Applicable.
 
ITEM 3.
KEY INFORMATION
 
Please note:  Throughout this report, the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" all refer to TORM and its subsidiaries. We use the term deadweight ton, or dwt, in describing the size of vessels. Dwt, expressed in metric tons, each of which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms, refers to the maximum weight of cargo and supplies that a vessel can carry. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to "dollars," "USD" and "$" in this report are to, and amounts are presented in, U.S. dollars.
 
A.
Selected Financial Data
 
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial data for each of the periods indicated. The selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, all included elsewhere within this document.
 
 


    For the year ended December 31  
    2006(1)     2007(1)     2008     2009     2010  
    (in thousands of USD except for per share information)  
IFRS financial data
                             
Consolidated income statement Data:
                             
Revenue
    603,717       773,612       1,183,594       862,251       856,075  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (150,364 )     (172,182 )     (264,050 )     (217,356 )     (298,830 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    620       2,894       (13,586 )     (11,952 )     3,339  
Time charter equivalent earnings
    453,973       604,324       905,958       632,943       560,584  
Charter hire
    (106,329 )     (154,852 )     (193,829 )     (220,880 )     (228,631 )
Operating expenses
    (77,624 )     (115,547 )     (174,333 )     (169,556 )     (152,207 )
Gross profit (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    270,020       333,925       537,796       242,507       179,746  
Profit from sale of vessels
    54,362       0       82,813       33,145       1,871  
Administrative expenses
    (34,470 )     (54,960 )     (89,906 )     (78,194 )     (78,161 )
Other operating income
    10.013       15,167       14,493       7,331       4,788  
Share of results of jointly controlled entities
    1,199       (6,058 )     27,122       (2,256 )     (11,453 )
Impairment losses on jointly controlled entities
    0       0       0       (20,000 )     (35,000 )
Depreciation and impairment losses
    (58,914 )     (89,083 )     (126,068 )     (132,775 )     (141,410 )
Operating profit
    242,210       198,991       446,250       49,758       (79,619 )
Financial income
    39,339       681,088       16,175       6,090       2,663  
Financial expenses
    (40,514 )     (75,871 )     (102,354 )     (74,896 )     (59,285 )
Profit before tax
    241,035       804,208       360,071       (19,048 )     (136,241 )
Tax expenses
    (6,523 )     (12,531 )     1,279       1,686       982  
Net profit for the year
    234,512       791,677       361,350       (17,362 )     (135,259 )

 
1

 
 
Balance sheet data (as of end of period):
                             
Total assets
    2,089,012       2,958,854       3,317,353       3,227,211       3,286,108  
Total Non-current liabilities
    701,852       986,463       1,575,450       1,717,901       1,835,687  
Total liabilities
    808,173       1,885,332       2,038,404       1,980,512       2,170,819  
Equity/net assets
    1,280,846       1,081,230       1,278,949       1,246,699       1,115,289  
Common shares
    61,098       61,098       61,098       61,098       61,098  
No. of shares outstanding (2) (3)
    72,800,000       72,800,000       72,800,000       72,800,000       72,800,000  
                                         
Other financial data (2)
                                       
Dividends declared per share DKK
    5.8       4.5       4.0       0       0  
Dividends declared per share USD
    1.0       0.9       0.8       0       0  
Extraordinary dividend per share DKK
    0       27.5       4.5       0       0  
Earnings per share – basic
    3.4       11.4       5.2       (0.3 )     (2.0 )
Earnings per share – diluted
    3.4       11.4       5.2       (0.3 )     (2.0 )
 
1.
Effective January 1, 2008, we have changed the accounting policies regarding the recognition of investments in joint ventures so that these are recognized according to the equity method. Previously, joint ventures were recognized on a pro rata basis. The change in accounting policy is due to the fact that the Company finds it inappropriate to aggregate the items of joint ventures with items of entities that form an integral part of the Company's activities. The policy change has no effect on the income statement or on equity, but the profit for the year of joint ventures and the investment in these are presented in a single line item in the income statement and the balance sheet, respectively. Financial figures have been represented in accordance to reflect this change in accounting policy.
 
2.
In May 2007 we made a 2:1 stock split of the Company's ordinary shares, nominal value DKK 10 into ordinary shares of nominal value DKK 5. The stock split was carried out on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange on May 23, 2007, and the split was carried out on NASDAQ on May 23, 2007 in relation to the Company's American Depository Shares with a record date of May 23, 2007 and a distribution date of May 31, 2007. After the stock split the Company's common shares consist of 72.8 million shares in denomination of DKK 5 per share. The comparative figures are restated to reflect the stock split.
 
3.
Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2010 include 3,461,580 shares that we purchased and hold as treasury shares, reflected in shareholders' equity. As of December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006 we held 3,556,364 treasury shares. Comparative figures have been restated in accordance with the stock split in May 2007.
 
B.
Capitalization and Indebtedness
 
Not Applicable.
 
C.
Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
 
Not Applicable.
 
D.
Risk Factors
 
Some of the following risks relate principally to the industry in which we operate and our business in general. Other risks relate principally to the securities market and ownership of our American Depository Shares or ADSs. Any of the risk factors could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results and the trading price of our shares and ADSs.
 
Additional risks and uncertainties that we are not aware of or that we currently believe are immaterial may also adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity or results of operation.
 

 
2

 


 
Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations
 
Any renewal of the recent worldwide economic downturn could have a material adverse effect on our revenue, profitability and financial position.
 
In recent years, operating businesses in the global economy have faced tightening credit, weakening demand for goods and services, deteriorating international liquidity conditions, and declining markets. At times, lower demand for petroleum and drybulk cargoes as well as diminished trade credit available for the delivery of such cargoes have led to decreased demand for product tankers and drybulk vessels, creating downward pressure on charter rates. Although vessel values have stabilized over the past few months, general market volatility has resulted from uncertainty about sovereign debt and fears of countries such as Greece and Portugal defaulting on their governments' financial obligations. In addition, continued hostilities in the Middle East, recent tensions in North Africa and the occurrence or threat of terrorist attacks against the United States or other countries could adversely affect the economies of the United States and those of other countries.  If the current global economic environment persists or worsens, we may be negatively affected in the following ways:

 
·
we may not be able to employ our vessels at charter rates as favorable to us as historical rates or operate our vessels profitably; and
 
 
·
the market value of our vessels could decrease, which may cause us to recognize losses if any of our vessels are sold or if their values are impaired.
 
The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
 
The product tanker and drybulk vessel sectors are cyclical and volatile, and this may lead to reductions and volatility in our charter rates when we re-charter our vessels, in vessel values and in our results of operations.
 
The product tanker and drybulk vessel sectors are cyclical with volatility in charter rates and industry profitability. The degree of charterhire rate volatility among different types of product tankers and drybulk vessels has varied widely. For example, tanker charter rates have declined from historical highs reached in mid-2008, and the decline in charter rates for Panamax and Capesize drybulk vessels has been even more pronounced, reaching near historically low levels in 2009 with improvements in 2010. If we enter into charters when charter rates are low, our revenues and earnings will be adversely affected. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully charter our vessels in the future or renew our existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to operate our business profitably, meet our obligations or pay dividends. The factors affecting the supply and demand for product tankers and drybulk vessels are outside of our control and are unpredictable.  The nature, timing, direction and degree of changes in industry conditions are also unpredictable.
 
Factors that influence demand for seaborne transportation of cargo include:
 
 
·
demand for and production of crude oil, refined petroleum products and drybulk products;
 
 
·
the distance cargo is to be moved by sea;
 
 
·
changes in oil production and refining capacity;
 
 
·
global and regional economic and political conditions, including armed conflicts and terrorist activities, embargoes and strikes;
 
 
·
environmental and other regulatory developments;
 
 
·
changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, including changes in the distances over which cargo is transported due to geographic changes in where commodities are produced, oil is refined and cargoes are used; and
 

 
3

 


 
 
·
weather.
 
The factors that influence the supply of vessel capacity include:
 
 
·
the number of newbuilding deliveries;
 
 
·
the scrapping rate of older vessels;
 
 
·
the vessel casualties;
 
 
·
the price of steel;
 
 
·
number of vessels that are out of service;
 
 
·
changes in environmental and other regulations that may limit the useful life of vessels; and
 
 
·
port or canal congestion.
 
We anticipate that the future demand for our vessels will be dependent upon continued economic growth in the world's economies, seasonal and regional changes in demand, changes in the capacity of the world's drybulk vessel and product tanker fleets, and the sources and supply of cargo to be transported by sea.  If the global vessel capacity increases in the shipping sectors in which we operate, but the demand for vessel capacity in these sectors does not increase or increases at a slower rate, the charter rates paid for our vessels could materially decline.  Given the large number of new vessels currently on order with shipyards, the capacity of the global fleet seems likely to increase and economic growth may not resume in areas that have experienced a recession or continue in other areas.  Adverse economic, political, social or other developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
The downturns in the product  tanker and drybulk vessel charter markets may have an adverse effect on our earnings and adversely affect our ability to pay dividends.
 
In response to a significant decline in oil prices during 2008, OPEC significantly reduced oil supply, contributing to a recovery, from a low of $34 per barrel in December 2008 to approximately $80 per barrel in 2010, in the price of West Texas Intermediate, or WTI, which is used as an industry benchmark for crude oil prices. During the last OPEC meeting, the ministers agreed to leave existing output targets unchanged in order to help economic recovery by avoiding further increases of oil prices during the economic recession.  The decline in oil supply had an adverse effect on the demand for tankers and tanker charter rates.
 
The Baltic Dry Index, or BDI, a daily average of charter rates in 26 shipping routes measured on a time charter and voyage basis and covering Supramax, Panamax and Capesize drybulk carriers, declined from a high of 11,793 in May 2008 to a low of 663 in December 2008, which represents a decline of 94%. Over the comparable period of May through December 2008, the high and low of the Baltic Supramax Index and the Baltic Capesize Index represent a decline of 94% and 99%, respectively. During 2009, the BDI increased from a low of 772 and reached a high of 4,661 in November of 2009. In 2010, the BDI increased from 3,235 in January 2010 to a high of 4,209 in May 2010 and subsequently decreased to a low of 1,700 in July 2010. Following a short period of increase in the third quarter of 2010, the BDI fell to near July 2010 levels at the end of 2010. The BDI has further decreased in 2011 to 1,291 as of May 16, 2011.
 
If these trends continue, in order to remain viable, we may not be able to resume dividend payments and we may have to sell vessels in our fleet and/or seek to raise additional capital in the equity markets or assume additional indebtedness.
 

 
4

 


 
Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels or be limited in the amount of funds that we can borrow, which may adversely affect our earnings.
 
The fair market value of vessels may increase and decrease depending on, but not limited to, the following factors:
 
 
·
general economic and market conditions affecting the shipping industry;
 
 
·
competition from other shipping companies;
 
 
·
types and sizes of vessels;
 
 
·
other modes of transportation;
 
 
·
cost of newbuildings;
 
 
·
shipyard capacity;
 
 
·
governmental or other regulations;
 
 
·
age of vessels;
 
 
·
prevailing level of charter rates; and
 
 
·
technological advances.
 
If we sell any of our product tankers or drybulk vessels at a time when vessel prices have fallen, the sale may be at less than the vessel's carrying amount on our financial statements, with the result that we shall incur a loss and a reduction in earnings. Furthermore, if vessel values fall significantly, we may have to record an impairment adjustment in respect of some of our vessels in our financial statements, which could adversely affect our financial results.  These results could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Our operating results from our fleet are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which may adversely affect our operating results in a given financial period.
 
We operate our vessels in markets that have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, as a result, in charter rates. This seasonality may result in quarter-to-quarter volatility in our operating results. The tanker sector is typically stronger in the fall and winter months in anticipation of increased consumption of oil and petroleum products in the northern hemisphere during the winter months. As a result, revenues from our product tankers may be weaker during the fiscal quarters ended June 30 and September 30, and, conversely, revenues may be stronger in fiscal quarters ended December 31 and March 31. The drybulk sector is typically stronger in the fall and winter months in anticipation of increased consumption of coal and other raw materials in the northern hemisphere during the winter months. As a result, we expect our drybulk revenues to be weaker during the fiscal quarters ended June 30 and September 30, and, conversely, we expect our revenues to be stronger in fiscal quarters ended December 31 and March 31. This seasonality could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 

 
5

 


 
Political instability, terrorist or other attacks, war or international hostilities can adversely affect our business.
 
Terrorist attacks such as the attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001, the bombings in Spain on March 11, 2004, and in London on July 7, 2005, and the attacks in Mumbai on November 26, 2008, and the continuing response of the United States and others to these attacks, as well as the threat of future terrorist attacks in the United States or elsewhere, continue to cause uncertainty in the world's financial markets and may affect our business, operating results and financial condition.  The continuing presence of the United States and other armed forces in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as the current political instability in North Africa, may lead to additional acts of terrorism and armed conflict around the world, which may contribute to further economic instability in the global financial markets. These uncertainties could also adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing on terms acceptable to us or at all.  In the past, political conflicts have also resulted in attacks on vessels, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt international shipping, particularly in the Arabian Gulf region. Future terrorist attacks are unpredictable and could result in increased volatility and turmoil of the financial markets in the United States and globally.  Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
If our vessels call on ports located in countries that are subject to sanctions and embargoes imposed by the United States or other governments, that could adversely affect our reputation.

From time to time on charterers' instructions, our vessels may call on ports located in countries subject to sanctions and embargoes imposed by the United States government and countries identified by the United States government as state sponsors of terrorism. The United States sanctions and embargo laws and regulations vary in their application, as they do not all apply to the same covered persons or proscribe the same activities, and such sanctions and embargo laws and regulations may be amended or strengthened over time. In 2010, the United States enacted the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions Accountability and Divestment Act ("CISADA"), which expanded the scope of the former Iran Sanctions Act. Among other things, CISADA expands the application of the prohibitions to non-United States companies, such as our company, and introduces limits on the ability of companies and persons to do business or trade with Iran when such activities relate to the investment, supply or export of refined petroleum or petroleum products. Although we believe that we are in compliance with all applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations, and intend to maintain such compliance, there can be no assurance that we will be in compliance in the future, particularly as the scope of certain laws may be unclear and may be subject to changing interpretations. Any such violation could result in fines or other penalties and could result in some investors deciding, or being required, to divest their interest, or not to invest, in our company. Additionally, some investors may decide to divest their interest, or not to invest, in our company simply because we do business with companies that do business in sanctioned countries, even if we have not violated any laws. Moreover, our charterers may violate applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations as a result of actions that do not involve us or our vessels, and those violations could in turn negatively affect our reputation. Public perception of our business may also be adversely affected by the consequences of war, the effects of terrorism, civil unrest and governmental actions in these and surrounding countries.

Our vessels may be damaged due to the inherent operational risks of the seaborne transportation industry and we may experience unexpected drydocking costs, which may adversely affect our business and financial condition.
 
Our vessels and their cargoes will be at risk of being damaged or lost because of events such as marine disasters, bad weather, business interruptions caused by mechanical failures, grounding, fire, explosions and collisions, human error, war, terrorism, piracy and other circumstances or events. These hazards may result in death or injury to persons, loss of revenues or property, environmental damage, higher insurance rates, damage to our customer relationships, delay or rerouting. The protection & indemnity, or P&I, insurance coverage that we have arranged for our vessels covers the vessel owner's liabilities towards the owner of any damaged cargo, subject to standard international conventions limiting such liability. If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility. The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and may be substantial. We may have to pay drydocking costs that our insurance does not cover in full. The loss of earnings while these vessels are being repaired and repositioned, as well as the actual cost of these repairs, would decrease our earnings. In addition, space at drydocking facilities is sometimes limited and not all drydocking facilities are conveniently located. We may be unable to find space at a suitable drydocking facility or our vessels may be forced to travel to a drydocking facility that is not conveniently located to our vessels' positions. The loss of earnings while these vessels are forced to wait for space or to steam to more distant drydocking facilities could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 

 
6

 


 
Disruptions in world financial markets and the resulting governmental action in the United States and in other parts of the world could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and could cause the market price of our common stock to further decline.
 
According to the head of the International Monetary Fund as quoted in April 2011, the global economic recovery remains fragile. Following the global economic downturn of 2007-2009, credit remains tight, the extent of recovery in demand for goods and services is uncertain, and unemployment is high. The credit markets worldwide and in the United States have experienced significant contraction, deleveraging and reduced liquidity, and the U.S. federal government, state governments and foreign governments have implemented and are considering a broad variety of governmental action and/or new regulation of the financial markets. Securities and futures markets and the credit markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and other requirements. The Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, other regulators, self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies, and may effect changes in law or interpretations of existing laws.
 
The uncertainty surrounding the future of the credit markets in the United States and the rest of the world has resulted in reduced access to credit worldwide. As of December 31, 2010, we have total outstanding indebtedness of USD 1,973 million under our credit facilities. We face risks attendant to changes in economic environments, changes in interest rates, and instability in the banking and securities markets around the world, among other factors. Major market disruptions and any adverse changes in market conditions and regulatory climate in the United States and worldwide may adversely affect our business or impair our ability to borrow amounts under our credit facilities or any future financial arrangements. We cannot predict how long the current market conditions will last. However, these economic and governmental factors, including reform of the financial system, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Changes in the economic and political environment in China and policies adopted by the government to regulate its economy may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
Prior to 1978, the Chinese economy was a planned economy. Since 1978, increasing emphasis has been placed on the utilization of market forces in the development of the Chinese economy. Annual and five-year state plans are adopted by the Chinese government in connection with the development of the economy. Although state-owned enterprises still account for a substantial portion of the Chinese industrial output, in general, the Chinese government is reducing the level of direct control that it exercises over the economy through state plans and other measures. There is an increasing level of freedom and autonomy in areas such as allocation of resources, production, pricing and management and a gradual shift in emphasis to a "market economy" and enterprise reform. Limited price reforms were undertaken; with the result that prices for certain commodities are principally determined by market forces. Many of the reforms are unprecedented or experimental and may be subject to revision, change or abolition based upon the outcome of such experiments. If the Chinese government does not continue to pursue a policy of economic reform, the level of imports to and exports from China could be adversely affected by changes to these economic reforms by the Chinese government, as well as by changes in political, economic and social conditions or other relevant policies of the Chinese government, such as changes in laws, regulations or export and import restrictions, all of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
We are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations that can adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of doing business.
 
Our operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations in the form of international conventions and treaties, national, state and local laws and national and international regulations in force in the jurisdictions in which our vessels operate or are registered, which can significantly affect the ownership and operation of our vessels. These requirements include, but are not limited to:
 
 
·
the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA;
 
 
·
the U.S Clean Air Act;
 

 
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·
the United States Clean Water Act;
 
 
·
the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, as amended by the Protocol of 1992;
 
 
·
the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships;
 
 
·
the International Maritime Organization, or IMO, International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution of 1973;
 
 
·
the IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1974, including the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention, or the ISM Code;
 
 
·
the International Convention on Load Lines of 1966;
 
 
·
the U.S. Marine Transportation Security Act of 2002;
 
 
·
European Union regulations, which phase out single-hulled tankers in the case of all tankers flying the flag of a member state or entering or leaving EU ports;
 
 
·
the International Ship and Port Facilities Securities Code, which became effective in 2004;
 
 
·
the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk;
 
 
·
Periodic surveys by classification societies to ensure our vessels are safe and seaworthy; and
 
 
·
Various fuel or emissions standards applicable to vessels operating near the California coastline; operating off the coasts of Atlantic/Gulf and Pacific coasts of the United States and Canada and the Hawaiian Islands; or in EU ports, respectively.
 
Additionally, a number of countries and the IMO have adopted, or are considering the adoption of, regulatory frameworks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These regulatory measures may include, among others, adoption of cap and trade regimes, carbon taxes, increased efficiency standards, and incentives or mandates for renewable energy.
 
Compliance with such laws, regulations and standards, where applicable, may require installation of costly equipment or operational changes and may affect the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. We may also incur additional costs in order to comply with other existing and future regulatory obligations, including, but not limited to, costs relating to air emissions, the management of ballast waters, maintenance and inspection, development and implementation of emergency procedures and insurance coverage or other financial assurance of our ability to address pollution incidents. These costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition and our ability to pay dividends.
 
A failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in administrative and civil penalties, criminal sanctions or the suspension or termination of our operations. Environmental laws often impose strict liability for remediation of spills and releases of oil and hazardous substances, which could subject us to liability without regard to whether we were negligent or at fault. Under OPA, for example, owners, operators and bareboat charterers are jointly and severally strictly liable for the discharge of oil within the 200-mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. An oil spill could result in significant liability, including fines, penalties, criminal liability and remediation costs for natural resource damages under other federal, state and local laws, as well as third-party damages. In addition, the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico may also result in additional regulatory initiatives or statutes that may affect our operations or require us to incur additional expenses to comply with such regulatory initiatives or statues. We are required to satisfy insurance and financial responsibility requirements for potential oil (including marine fuel) spills and other pollution incidents. Although we have arranged insurance to cover certain environmental risks, there can be no assurance that such insurance will be sufficient to cover all such risks or that any claims will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 

 
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The recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan may have an adverse affect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
 
Japan is one of the world's leading importers of dry bulk commodities.  The severe earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan on March 11, 2011 have had an adverse effect on Japan's manufacturing capabilities and economy generally.  As of the date of this annual report, the extent to which the earthquake, tsunami and pollution from emitted radiation from damaged nuclear reactors will affect the international economies and shipping industry is unclear.  These disasters could decrease dry bulk imports to that country for an undeterminable period of time.  This, in turn, could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
 
Acts of piracy on ocean-going vessels have recently increased in frequency, which could adversely affect our business.
 
Acts of piracy have historically affected ocean-going vessels trading in regions of the world such as the South China Sea and in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia.  Throughout 2008, 2009 and 2010, the frequency of piracy incidents against commercial shipping vessels increased significantly, particularly in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia.  For example, in November 2008, the M/V Sirius Star, a tanker vessel not affiliated with us, was captured by pirates in the Indian Ocean while carrying crude oil estimated to be worth $100 million.  In addition, in April 2010, our vessel MV TORM Ragnhild was subject to an attempted piracy attack in the Gulf of Aden, but this was successfully thwarted by multi-national forces. Our vessels MV TORM Kansas and MV TORM Kristina have been attacked by pirates more recently. If these piracy attacks result in regions in which our vessels are deployed being characterized by insurers as "war risk" zones, as the Gulf of Aden has been since May 2008, or Joint War Committee (JWC) "war and strikes" listed areas, premiums payable for such coverage could increase significantly and such insurance coverage may be more difficult to obtain.  In addition, crew costs, including due to employing onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances.  We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents, which could have a material adverse effect on us.  In addition, detention hijacking, involving the hostile detention of a vessel, as a result of an act of piracy against our vessels, or an increase in cost, or unavailability of insurance for our vessels, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Servicing our debt limits funds available for other purposes and, if we cannot service our debt, we may lose some or all of our vessels, restricting our ability to conduct our business.
 
We must dedicate a large part of our cash flow to paying principal and interest on our indebtedness. These payments limit funds available for working capital, capital expenditures and other purposes. Our debt level of approximately USD 2,006 million as of December 31, 2010, including finance lease liabilities of USD 33 million, also makes us vulnerable to economic downturns and adverse developments in our business. If we expand our fleet beyond vessels already financed, we will need to take on additional debt, which would increase our ratio of debt to equity. Our inability to service debt could also lead to acceleration of our debt and the foreclosure of all or a portion of our fleet, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Certain of our loan agreements contain restrictive covenants, which may limit our liquidity and corporate activities and prevent proper service of debt.
 
Some loan agreements impose operating and financial restrictions upon us. These restrictions may limit our ability to:
 
 
·
change the management of our vessels without the lenders' consent (which they are not entitled to unreasonably withhold); and
 
 
·
enter into mergers or corporate restructurings, or effect material divestments, if such would be materially adverse to the company.
 

 
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Our lenders' interests may be different from ours and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain our lenders' permission when needed. This may prevent us from taking actions that are in our best interest and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Sharp declines in the spot charter market may affect our earnings and cash flows from the vessels we operate in the spot market.

We currently the majority of our vessels in the spot market through pools. During 2010, we generated 62% of our revenues from the spot market. Vessels trading in the spot market are exposed to increased risk of declining charter rates and freight rate volatility compared to vessels employed on time charters. Since mid-August 2008, the spot day rates in the product tanker and drybulk charter market have declined significantly, and product tanker and drybulk vessel values have also declined both as a result of a slowdown in the availability of global credit and the significant deterioration in charter rates. Charter rates and vessel values have been affected in part by the lack of availability of credit to finance both vessel purchases and purchases of commodities carried by sea, resulting in a decline in cargo shipments, and the excess supply of iron ore in China which resulted in falling iron ore prices and increased stockpiles in Chinese ports. Charter rates may remain at depressed levels for some time which will adversely affect our revenue and profitability.
 
The market values of our vessels may decrease, which could limit the amount of funds that we can borrow and may decrease our earnings
 
Our loan agreements do not contain any vessel minimum value clauses and our rights and obligations under the loan agreements will not be affected by a decrease of the market values of our vessels. However, should the market values of our vessels decrease, it would limit the amount of new funds available under our available credit facilities and under future loan facilities.
 
The fair market values of our vessels have generally experienced high volatility. The market prices for secondhand drybulk vessels are near historically low levels and prices for tanker vessels have dropped dramatically as well. The market value of our vessels fluctuate depending on general economic and market conditions affecting the shipping industry, prevailing charter rates, competition from other shipping companies and other modes of transportation, types, sizes and age of vessels, applicable governmental regulations and the cost of constructing newbuildings. The market value of our fleet may decline as a result of a downswing in the historically cyclical shipping industry. In addition, as vessels grow older, they generally decline in value.
 
If the fair market value of our vessels declines, that may lead to an impairment adjustment to our consolidated financial statements and may ultimately have an adverse effect on our ability to meet certain financial covenants in our loan agreements. In addition, if we sell one or more of our vessels at a time when vessel prices have fallen and before we have recorded an impairment adjustment to our consolidated financial statements, the sale price may be less than the vessel's carrying value on our consolidated financial statements, resulting in a loss and a reduction in earnings. Furthermore, if vessel values fall significantly, we may have to record an impairment adjustment in our financial statements, which could adversely affect our financial results.  These results could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends. Our earnings may be adversely affected if we do not successfully employ our vessels in pools, the spot market or on time charters.
 
We employ the majority of our vessels on spot voyage charters or short-term time charters. Our operating results will therefore depend on the prevailing charter rates in a given time period. Charter rates are based in part on supply and demand and are extremely competitive. Significant fluctuations in charter rates will result in significant fluctuations in the utilization of our vessels and our profitability. Although we charter out some of our vessels on long-term time charters when we want to lock in favorable charter rates and generate predictable revenue streams, our vessels that are committed to time charters may not be available for spot voyages during an upswing in the shipping industry, when spot voyages might be more profitable. We are impacted by any increase or decrease in market rates. If rates were to decrease significantly, we may not utilize our fleet fully and our earnings could be adversely impacted, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 

 
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Rising fuel prices may adversely affect our profits.
 
Fuel is a significant, if not the largest, operating expense for many of our shipping operations, except when our vessels are under period charter, in which case the charterer pays fuel costs. The price and supply of fuel is unpredictable and fluctuates based on events outside our control, including geopolitical developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, actions by OPEC and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil producing countries and regions, regional production patterns and environmental concerns. As a result, an increase in the price of fuel may adversely affect our profitability, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends. Additionally, fuel may become much more expensive in future, which may further reduce the profitability and competitiveness of our business versus other forms of transportation, such as truck or rail.
 
Delays or defaults by the shipyards in the construction of our newbuildings could increase our expenses and diminish our net income and cash flows

We currently have newbuilding contracts for the construction of a total of two Panamax drybulk vessels at Tsuneishi Zhoushan Shipyard and four Handymax product tankers at Guangzhou Shipyard International. These projects are subject to the risk of delay or defaults by the shipyards caused by, among other things, unforeseen quality or engineering problems, work stoppages, weather interference, unanticipated cost increases, delays in receipt of necessary equipment, and inability to obtain the requisite permits or approvals. In accordance with industry practice, in the event the shipyards are unable or unwilling to deliver the vessels, we may not have substantial remedies. Failure to construct or deliver the vessels by the shipyards or any significant delays could increase our expenses and diminish our net income and cash flows.
 
We depend upon a few significant customers for a large part of our revenues and the loss of one or more of these customers could adversely affect our financial performance.
 
In the Tanker Division, a major portion of the company's freight revenue is concentrated on a small group of customers. In 2010, one customer in the Tanker Division accounted for 11% (2009: 13%) of the total freight revenue of the Company.
 
Investment in derivative instruments such as freight forward agreements could result in losses.
 
From time to time, we may take positions in derivative instruments including freight forward agreements, or FFAs. FFAs and other derivative instruments may be used to hedge a vessel owner's exposure to the charter market by providing for the sale of a contracted charter rate along a specified route and period of time. Upon settlement, if the contracted charter rate is less than the average of the rates, as reported by an identified index, for the specified route and period, the seller of the FFA is required to pay the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the contracted rate and the settlement rate, multiplied by the number of days in the specified period. Conversely, if the contracted rate is greater than the settlement rate, the buyer is required to pay the seller the settlement sum. If we take positions in FFAs or other derivative instruments and do not correctly anticipate charter rate movements over the specified route and time period, we could suffer losses in the settling or termination of the FFA. This could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.
 
We are subject to certain risks with respect to our counterparties on contracts and failure of such counterparties to meet their obligations could cause us to suffer losses or otherwise adversely affect our business.
 
We enter into FFAs, forward currency exchange contracts, bunker and interest rate hedging contracts and employ our vessels on Contracts of Affreightment (COAs), fixed rate time charters and voyage charters. Our FFAs, forward currency exchange contracts, bunker and interest rate hedging contracts, COAs and vessel charters subject us to counterparty risks.  The ability of each of our counterparties to perform its obligations under a contract with us will depend on a number of factors that are beyond our control and may include general economic conditions, the condition of the shipping industry, the overall financial condition of the counterparty, the charter rates received for specific types of vessels and various expenses. In addition, in depressed market conditions, our charterers may no longer need a vessel that is currently under charter or may be able to obtain a comparable vessel at lower rates.  As a result, charterers may seek to renegotiate the terms of their existing charter parties or avoid their obligations under those contracts. Should a counterparty fail to honor its obligations under agreements with us, we could sustain significant losses which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 

 
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We may not have adequate insurance to compensate us if one of our vessels is involved in an accident.
 
We procure insurance for our fleet against those risks that we believe the shipping industry commonly insures against. These insurances include hull and machinery insurance, protection and indemnity insurance, including environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, and war risk insurance. We carry insurance against loss of hire as well. We can give no assurance that we are adequately insured against all risks. We may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates for our fleet in the future. The insurers may not pay particular claims. Our insurance policies contain deductibles for which we will be responsible, limitations and exclusions, which although we believe are standard in the shipping industry, may nevertheless increase our costs or lower our revenue, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Purchasing and operating previously owned, or secondhand, vessels may result in increased operating costs and vessels off-hire, which could adversely affect our earnings.
 
We own both vessels constructed for us directly by builders and previously owned, or secondhand, vessels purchased from other owners. While we inspect secondhand vessels prior to purchase, this does not normally provide us with the same knowledge about their condition and cost of any required (or anticipated) repairs that we would have had if these vessels had been built for and operated exclusively by us. Generally, we do not receive the benefit of warranties from the builders if we buy vessels older than one year.
 
In general, the costs to maintain a vessel in good operating condition increase with the age of the vessel. As of December 31, 2010, our fleet of owned vessels included 12 vessels more than 10 years of age. Older vessels are typically less fuel efficient than more recently constructed vessels due to improvements in engine and hull technology. After vessels reach 15 years of age, the majority of charterers and oil companies may impose restrictions on vessels that make it more difficult to trade the vessels with optimal flexibility. In addition, these older vessels must meet certain hull thickness tests. Furthermore, cargo insurance rates increase for vessels over 15 years of age, making them less desirable to charterers. However, vessels of comparable tonnage to those in our fleet are generally estimated to have a useful lifetime of 25 years.
 
Governmental regulations, safety or other equipment standards related to the age of a vessel may require expenditures for alterations, or the addition of new equipment, to our vessels and may restrict the type of activities in which the vessels may engage. As our vessels age, market conditions may not justify such expenditures or enable us to operate them profitably for the remainder of their useful life, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Failure to successfully implement the new strategy platform "Changing Trim" may have an adverse affect on TORM's operations.
 
In 2010, TORM formulated a new strategic platform named "Changing Trim" aimed at achieving resilience and new profitability. The platform is focused on balancing TORM's business optimally and to ensure that TORM is ready to cope with the cyclical nature of the market at any time. The platform is built on four cornerstones – Customers, Leadership, Resilience and Sophistication.

As part of the "Changing Trim" strategy, TORM will have an increased focus on the bulk segment. The  strategic focus includes becoming an integrated freight service provider to primarily industrial customers by expanding the bulk division's commercial footprint in existing and new commercial offices around the world as well as growing the bulk core fleet across all vessel sizes relevant to the customers.

TORM operates in an industry which is affected by numerous factors beyond TORM's control, including development in the global economy, freight rates, supply of, and demand for, vessel capacity, rules and regulation. As such, it cannot be guaranteed that the new strategy platform "Changing Trim" will be successfully implemented, and such failure may have a material adverse effect on TORMs future performance, results of operations, cash flows and financial position.
 

 
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Because we generate nearly all of our revenues in U.S. dollars, but incur some of our expenses in Danish Kroner and other currencies, exchange rate fluctuations could hurt our results of operations.
 
In 2010, we generated nearly all of our revenues in U.S. dollars but incurred approximately 84% of our expenses in U.S. dollars, or USD, and approximately 13% in Danish Kroner, or DKK. A change in exchange rates could lead to fluctuations in our reported financial results, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Interest rate fluctuations, including the recent volatility in LIBOR, may significantly affect our loan payments, which could adversely affect our profitability, earnings and cash flow.
 
As of December 31, 2010, 94% of our loans bore interest at floating rates. Increases in prevailing rates could increase the amounts that we would have to pay to our lenders. LIBOR has decreased significantly during the year as a result of the financial crisis and the continued low interest environment. Because the interest rates borne by much of our outstanding indebtedness fluctuates with changes in LIBOR, if this volatility were to continue, it would affect the amount of interest payable on our debt, which in turn, could have an adverse effect on our profitability, earnings and cash flow. As of December 31, 2010, we had entered into interest swap agreements expiring between 2011 and 2016 for approximately 41% of the then outstanding principal amounts of our loans, that may mitigate some of our exposure to the risk of rising interest rates. However, increases in interest rates will increase our payments under loans not covered by caps of the interest rates of our loans and swap agreements and may negatively affect our earnings and cash flow, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.
 
Maritime claimants could arrest our vessels, which could interrupt our operations, resulting in a loss of earnings.
 
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against that vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions a maritime lien holder may enforce its lien by arresting a vessel and commencing foreclosure proceedings. In addition, in some jurisdictions, such as South Africa, under the "sister ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the vessel which is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could try to assert "sister ship" liability against one vessel in our fleet for claims relating to another of our vessels. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could interrupt our operations and require us to pay a substantial sum of money to have the arrest lifted, which could result in a loss of earnings and have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and our results of operations. As of the date of this report, none of our vessels have been arrested by a maritime lien holder.
 
Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency, resulting in loss of earnings.
 
A government could requisition for title or seize our vessels. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes the owner. Also, a government could requisition our vessels for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes the charterer at dictated charter rates. Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency. Government requisition of one or more of our vessels could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay dividends.  As of the date of this report, none of our vessels have been requisitioned by a government for title or hire.
 

 
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Because we are a non-U.S. corporation, you may not have the same rights that a creditor of a U.S. corporation may have and it may be difficult to serve process on or enforce a U.S. judgment against our officers, our directors and us.
 
We are a Danish company and our executive offices are located outside of the United States. Our officers and directors and some of the experts named in this document reside outside of the United States. In addition, substantially all of our assets and the assets of our officers, directors and experts are located outside of the United States. As a result, you may have difficulty serving legal process within the United States upon us or any of these persons or enforcing any judgments obtained in U.S. courts to the extent assets located in the United States are insufficient to satisfy the judgments. In addition, original actions or actions for the enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts with respect to civil liabilities solely under the federal securities laws of the United States are not enforceable in Denmark. See "Information about the Enforceability of Judgments and the Effect of Foreign Law."
 
You may receive a smaller dividend than what you expected to receive when the dividend was approved.
 
Under Danish law, the board of directors proposes dividends and the shareholders vote whether to accept the proposal or to lower the dividend. We will pay any dividends in Danish Kroner to our depository agent for the ADSs, and our depository agent will convert the amounts into U.S. dollars at the relevant exchange rate and distribute the dividend to you. If the Danish Kroner depreciates against the U.S. dollar before our depository agent distributes the dividend, you may receive a smaller dividend than what you expected to receive at the time the dividend was approved by shareholders.
 
We may have to pay tax on U.S. source income, which would reduce our earnings.
 
Under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or the Code, 50% of the gross shipping income of a vessel owning or chartering corporation, such as ourselves and our subsidiaries, that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States is characterized as U.S. source shipping income and such income is subject to a 4% U.S. federal income tax without allowance for deduction, unless that corporation qualifies for exemption from tax under Section 883 of the Code or under the terms of a U.S. income tax treaty.
 
We expect that our Danish subsidiaries will qualify for tax exemption under the income tax treaty between the United States and Denmark.  However, our non-Danish subsidiaries may not qualify for exemption under Section 883 of the Code for the 2010 taxable year unless we are able to obtain certain certifications from our shareholders.  As of the date of this filing, we have not been able to obtain these certifications. If we are unable to obtain these certifications, our non-Danish subsidiaries would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our U.S. source income derived during the 2010 taxable year. We can give no assurances on our tax-exempt status or that of any of our subsidiaries.
 
If we or our subsidiaries are not entitled to the exemption under the income tax treaty between the United States and Denmark and/or exemption under Section 883 of the Code for any taxable year, we or our subsidiaries would be subject during those years to a 4% U.S. federal income tax on our U.S. source shipping income. The imposition of this taxation could have a negative effect on our business.
 
U.S. tax authorities could treat us as a ''passive foreign investment company,'' which could have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. shareholders.
 
A foreign corporation will be treated as a ''passive foreign investment company,'' or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of certain types of ''passive income'' or (2) at least 50% of the average value of the corporation's assets during such taxable year produce or are held for the production of those types of ''passive income.'' For purposes of these tests, ''passive income'' includes dividends, interest, and gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business. Income derived from the performance of services does not constitute ''passive income.'' U.S. shareholders of a PFIC are subject to certain reporting obligations and a disadvantageous U.S. federal income tax regime with respect to the income derived by the PFIC, the distributions they receive from the PFIC and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their shares in the PFIC.
 

 
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Based on our current and proposed method of operation, we do not believe that we are, have been or will be a PFIC with respect to any taxable year. In this regard, we intend to treat the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from our time chartering activities as services income, rather than rental income. Accordingly, we believe that our income from our time chartering activities does not constitute ''passive income,'' and the assets that we own and operate in connection with the production of that income do not constitute assets that produce or are held for the production of "passive income.".
 
There is, however, no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules addressing our proposed method of operation. We believe there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes.  However, we note that there is also authority which characterizes time charter income as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes.  Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the IRS or a court of law will accept our position, and there is a risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a PFIC. Moreover, no assurance can be given that we would not constitute a PFIC for any future taxable year if there were to be changes in the nature and extent of our operations.
 
If the IRS were to find that we are or have been a PFIC for any taxable year, our U.S. shareholders will face adverse U.S. tax consequences and will incur certain information reporting obligations. Under the PFIC rules, unless those shareholders make an election available under the Code (which election could itself have adverse tax consequences for such shareholders), such shareholders would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the then prevailing income tax rates on ordinary income plus interest upon excess distributions and upon any gain from the disposition of our ADSs, as if the excess distribution or gain had been recognized ratably over the shareholder's holding period of our ADSs.

Risks related to our American Depository Shares
 
You may not be able to sell ADSs at the time and at the price you desire.
 
There may be no active public market for you to resell our ADSs, and to the extent there is, the price of our ADSs may be volatile, and may fluctuate due to factors such as:
 
 
·
actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial results;
 
 
·
mergers and strategic alliances in the shipping industry;
 
 
·
market conditions in the industry;
 
 
·
changes in government regulation;
 
 
·
fluctuations in our quarterly revenues and earnings and those of our publicly held competitors;
 
 
·
shortfalls in our operating results from levels forecast by securities analysts;
 
 
·
announcements concerning us or our competitors; and
 
 
·
the general state of the securities market.
 
Historically, the shipping industry has been highly unpredictable and volatile. The market for ADSs in the shipping industry may be equally volatile. The Copenhagen Stock Exchange is smaller and less liquid than the major securities exchanges or markets in the United States. The trading volume of our shares on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange has been volatile. It may be hard to predict future trading levels or volatility. Consequently, you may not be able to sell ADSs at the time and at the price you desire.
 

 
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Holders of ADSs may experience delays in receiving information and materials not experienced by our common shareholders.
 
The ADSs are securities that have been issued by a depository with whom we have deposited our common shares. The depository is responsible for distributing notices and voting materials to holders of the ADSs. If there is any delay in such distributions on the part of the depository, you may not receive such dividends or materials concurrently with holders of our common shares in Denmark, and may not receive such materials in time for you to instruct the depository to vote.
 
ITEM 4.
INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
 
A.
History and Development of the Company
 
We are TORM, a Danish shipping company founded in 1889 under the Danish Companies Act that is engaged primarily in the ownership and operation of product tankers and dry bulk carriers. Our product tankers primarily carry refined products such as naphtha, gasoline, gas oil, jet fuel, and diesel oil. Our dry bulk vessels carry commodities such as coal, iron ore and grain. Our vessels trade worldwide. Our registered office and principal place of business is at Tuborg Havnevej 18, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark. Our telephone number is +45 3917 9200. All the financial information presented in Item 4 is in accordance with IFRS.
 
We provide transportation services by utilizing a fleet of vessels that we own, charter in on short and long-term time charters, or commercially manage as the manager of a pool or through contracts with third-party owners. We charter in tankers and bulk vessels as are needed by the pools we manage.
 
Our primary capital expenditures are in connection with the acquisitions of vessels. The book value of vessels as of December 31, 2010 amounts to 85% (2009: 83%) of the total assets. We are renewing the fleet on continuous basis. The average age of the entire fleet as of December 31, 2010 is 5.8 years.
 
Effective June 2007, TORM acquired the U.S. shipping company OMI Corporation located in Stamford, Connecticut, USA in collaboration with Teekay Shipping Corporation. In that transaction, TORM took over a total of 26 product tankers, 11 of which are MR tankers, 13 Handysize tankers and two are LR1 tankers.
 
In March 2008, TORM acquired a 50% stake in the shipping company FR8 Holdings Pte. Ltd. (FR8) from FR8 Limited, a subsidiary of the international oil trader Projector. FR8 Limited continues to own its 50% equity interest in FR8. FR8 operates independently from TORM. Projector went into liquidation in the second half of 2008.
 
In April 2009, following our annual general meeting, we changed our name from "Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet Torm" to TORM A/S.
 
In April 2011 TORM announced plans to raise approximately USD 100 million of new share capital through a fully underwritten discounted rights issue. The rights issue is expected to be launched in the second half of 2011.
 
B.
Business Overview
 
The Fleet
 
As of December 31, 2010, our fleet of owned vessels consisted of 69.5 product tankers and 2 dry bulk carriers. The total tonnage of those vessels is approximately 4,301,484 dwt. In addition, we chartered in 25 product tankers and 13 dry bulk carriers and commercially managed approximately 25 vessels for third-party owners and charterers.
 
For an overview of our fleet please refer to Item 4D and for details of our investment activities please refer to Item 5A.
 

 
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Our product tanker division is primarily engaged in the transportation of refined oil products such as gasoline, jet fuel, naphtha and gas oil. We own and operate four sizes of product carriers and, secondarily, a small part of the tanker division is engaged in the transportation of crude oil. The largest vessels are Aframax tankers of approximately 100,000 to 105,000 dwt, that primarily transport naphtha between the Arabian Gulf and Japan and other East Asiatic countries. The second largest vessels are Panamax tankers, which are tankers of approximately 80,000 to 85,000 dwt. The third largest vessels are Handymax product tankers of approximately 40,000 to 50,000 dwt. Finally we operate Handysize product tankers of up to 40,000 dwt. Panamax, Handymax and Handysize product tankers operate in the above mentioned areas and in the U.S., Africa, Europe and the Caribbean.
 
Our dry bulk vessels transport products such as grain, coal and iron ore. We operate dry bulk vessels of the Panamax size only. The Panamax dry bulk vessels, which range between 60,000 and 80,000 dwt, carry iron ore and coal as well as commodities such as grain, bauxite and fertilizer.
 
Each of our vessel categories generates gross profits (net earnings from shipping activities) by operating owned and chartered in vessels. Over the last three financial years the contribution to net earnings from shipping activities per division has been as follows:
 
Division
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Product Tankers
    68 %     82 %     86 %
Dry Bulk Vessels
    32 %     18 %     14 %

Please refer to Item 5A for a description of revenue and gross profit per division.
 
Product Tanker Pooling Arrangements
 
We employ a significant part (approx. 76%) of our owned and chartered in product tankers in three pooling arrangements, the LR2 Pool, the LR1 Pool and the MR Pool, along with vessels from several other shipping companies. The manager of each pool has the responsibility for the commercial management of the participating vessels, including the marketing, chartering, operation and bunker (fuel oil) purchase of the vessels. Each pool is administered by a pool board, which is comprised of representatives of each pool participant. The pool boards set the pools' policies and issue directives to the pool managers. The pool participants remain responsible for all other costs including the financing, insurance, manning and technical management of their vessels. The earnings of all of the vessels are aggregated and divided according to the relative performance capabilities of the vessel and the actual earning days each vessel is available. Please refer to Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements contained herein for further details relating to the treatment of income from pools.
 
The LR2 Pool
 
As of December 31, 2010, the LR2 Pool was comprised of 32 Aframax tankers that are all double-hull and mainly trade clean petroleum products. The commercial management is carried out via the limited partnership LR2 Management K/S, in which Long Range 2 A/S, a Danish corporation, is the general partner. We own 50% of all issued and outstanding voting stock of Long Range 2 A/S and a 50% interest in LR 2 Management K/S. Maersk Tankers, one of the pool participants, also owns a 50% interest in both entities. The other participants in this pool are Sanmar Shipping and Gotland Shipping (Bahamas) Ltd., and 13 of our vessels participated in this pool. If a participant wants to sell one of its vessels in the pool, it must give notice to the pool board two months in advance of such sale, and six months' notice is required for a participant to withdraw all of its vessels from the pool. No such notice has been given from any partner from January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2011.
 

 
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The LR1 Pool
 
As of December 31, 2010, the LR1 Pool consisted of 25 Panamax tankers, and we serve as the sole manager of the pool. The other participant in this pool is Reederei "Nord" Klaus E. Oldendorff Ltd. As of December 31, 2010, 19.5 of our owned and chartered vessels participated in this pool. If a participant wants to sell one of its vessels or withdraw all of them from the pool, it must give three months' advance notice to the pool board. In April 2010, Skagerak Invest Limited and Gotland Shipping (Bahamas) Ltd. withdrew their five vessels in the LR 1 pool.
 
The MR Pool
 
The MR Pool is a pooling arrangement we have entered into together with Primorsk Shipping Corporation and Sanmar Shipping Ltd. for the pooling of 53 Handymax product tankers as of December 31, 2010. We serve as the sole manager of the MR Pool. As of December 31, 2010, 51 of our owned and chartered in vessels participated in this pool. If a participant wants to sell one of its vessels in the pool, it must give notice to the pool board three months in advance of such sale, and six months' notice is required for a participant to withdraw all of its vessels from the pool.  In April 2010, Gotland Shipping (Bahamas) Ltd. and LGR di Navigazione S.P.A withdrew their five vessels in the MR pool.
 
Dry Bulk Vessel Operation
 
We operate Panamax size vessels in our Bulk Division. We operate our Panamax vessels ourselves.
 
The Industry - Tankers
 
The international product tanker industry provides seaborne transportation of crude and refined petroleum products for the oil market. According to industry sources, tankers transported an amount of such products corresponding to 3,169 million tons in 2010.  Refined oil products constituted approximately 879 million tons in 2010 showing a 3.8% increase as compared to 2009. The two main types of operators that provide transportation services in the tanker market are:
 
 
·
major oil companies; and
 
 
·
independent shipowners.
 
They provide transportation services for end users such as:
 
 
·
oil companies;
 
 
·
oil traders;
 
 
·
petrochemical companies;
 
 
·
government agencies; and
 
 
·
power plants.
 
According to industry sources, the world tanker fleet above 10,000 dwt consisted of approximately 3,024 vessels. Oil companies own, or control through long-term time charters, approximately one third of the current world tanker capacity. Independent shipowners own or control the other two thirds. Oil companies use their fleets not only to transport their own oil products, but also to compete with the independent shipowners to transport oil products for others.
 
We believe the quality of tanker vessels and operations has improved over the past several years, as charterers and regulators increasingly focus on safety and protection of the environment. National authorities and international conventions have historically regulated the oil transportation industry. Since 1990, the emphasis on environmental protection has increased. Legislation, regulations and regulatory organizations such as the OPA, the IMO, protocols and classification society procedures demand higher-quality tanker construction, maintenance, repair
 

 
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and operations. Charterers of all types, including oil companies, terminal operators, shippers and receivers are becoming increasingly selective in their acceptance of tankers and are inspecting and vetting both vessels and companies on a periodic basis. As these changes have imposed costs and potential liabilities on tanker owners and operators, they have also raised barriers to entry and favored shipowners with quality fleets and operations. Limitations imposed by port states and the IMO on trading of older single-hull vessels should accelerate the commercial obsolescence of older, poor-quality tankers.
 
The industry identifies tankers as either product tankers or crude oil tankers on the basis of various factors including technical specifications and trading histories. Crude oil tankers carry crude oil and so-called "dirty" products such as fuel oils. Product tankers carry refined petroleum products such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha and gas oil, which are often referred to as "clean" products.
 
Product tankers are tankers that typically have cargo handling systems that are designed to transport several different refined products simultaneously, such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha and heating oil, from refineries to the ultimate consumer. Product tankers generally have coated cargo tanks that make it easier to clean the tanks between voyages involving different cargoes. This coating also protects the steel in the tanks from corrosive cargoes. Product tankers generally range in size from 10,000 dwt to 110,000 dwt.
 
Although product tankers are designed to carry dirty as well as clean products, they generally do not switch between clean and dirty cargoes. A vessel carrying dirty cargo must undergo a cleaning process prior to loading clean cargo and many charterers want to eliminate any risk of contamination. In addition, specified design, outfitting and technical factors tend to make some vessels better suited to handling the physical properties of distinct cargoes.
 
Our vessels primarily transport clean products. Our product tankers are all double-hull and range in size from 44,000 dwt to 105,000 dwt. They compete with tankers of similar size and quality. The rates that we are able to obtain for our vessels are subject to the supply and demand dynamics described below.
 
Supply and Demand for Tankers
 
The supply of, and demand for, tanker capacity strongly influences tanker charter rates and vessel values for all tankers. Supply and demand has historically caused fluctuations in tanker charter rates and secondhand values.
 
Demand for oil tankers is related to the demand for oil and oil products and the distance between points of production and points of consumption. Demand for refined petroleum products is, in turn, affected by, among other things:
 
 
·
general economic conditions, which include increases and decreases in industrial production and transportation;
 
 
·
oil prices;
 
 
·
environmental issues or concerns;
 
 
·
climate;
 
 
·
competition from alternative energy sources; and
 
 
·
regulatory environment.
 
The supply of tanker capacity is a function of the number of tankers delivered to the fleet relative to the number of tankers permanently taken from service when they become technically or economically obsolete. Currently, it takes approximately 36 to 48 months from the time a building contract is entered into before a newbuilding is delivered. The average age of tankers removed from service currently ranges between 21 and 25 years. Other factors affecting the supply of tankers include:
 
 
·
the number of combined carriers, or vessels capable of carrying oil or dry bulk cargoes, carrying oil cargoes;
 

 
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·
the number of newbuildings on order and being delivered;
 
 
·
the number of tankers in lay-up, which refers to vessels that are in storage, drydocked, awaiting repairs or otherwise not available or out of commission; and
 
 
·
the number of tankers scrapped for obsolescence or subject to casualties;
 
 
·
prevailing and expected future charterhire rates;
 
 
·
costs of bunkers, fuel oil, and other operating costs;
 
 
·
the efficiency and age of the world tanker fleet;
 
 
·
current shipyard capacity; and
 
 
·
government and industry regulation of maritime transportation practices, particularly environmental protection laws and regulations.
 
Environmental laws and regulations are imposing requirements on vessels when they reach 25 years of age that reduce the amount of cargo they can carry or require that the vessel be configured in a different way. These requirements tend to impose costs on those older vessels and make operating them less economical.
 
The Industry – Dry Bulk Fleet
 
Overview
 
The dry bulk carrier industry is highly fragmented with many owners and operators of vessels, including proprietary owners who are large shippers of dry bulk cargo, state-controlled shipping companies and independent operators.
 
Dry bulk cargo consists of the major bulk commodities, which are coal, iron ore and grain, and the minor bulk commodities, which include steel products, forest products, agricultural products, bauxite and alumina, phosphates, petcoke, cement, sugar, salt, minerals, scrap metal and pig iron. Dry bulk carriers are generally single deck ships, which transport unpacked cargo, which is poured, tipped or placed through hatchways into the hold of the ships.
 
Historically, charter rates for dry bulk carriers have been influenced by the demand for, and the supply of, vessel tonnage. The demand for vessel tonnage is largely a function of the level of worldwide economic activity and the distance between major trade areas. Supply is primarily driven by the size of the existing worldwide dry bulk carrier fleet, scrapping and newbuilding activity. Charter rates and vessel values are determined in a highly competitive global market and have been characterized by fluctuations since the mid-1980s.
 
According to industry sources, the world bulk carrier fleet consists of approximately 8,004 vessels as of January 1, 2010.
 
Vessel Types
 
Vessels utilized in the carriage of major bulk cargoes are generally classified into three categories, based on carrying capacity:
 
 
·
Handysize dry bulk carriers (20,000 to 30,000 dwt). Unlike most larger dry bulk carriers, Handysize dry bulk carriers are equipped with cargo gear such as cranes. This type of vessel is well suited for transporting both major and minor bulk commodities to ports around the world that may have draft restrictions or are not equipped with gear for loading or discharging of cargo.
 
 
·
Panamax dry bulk carriers (60,000 to 80,000 dwt). Panamax dry bulk carriers are designed with the maximum width, length and draft that will allow them to transit fully laden through the Panama Canal. Panamax vessels are primarily used in the transport of major bulks such as grain and coal, along with some minor bulks like phosphate, petcoke and salt.
 

 
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·
Capesize dry bulk carriers (100,000 dwt or above). Capesize dry bulk carriers primarily transit from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean via Cape Horn or the Cape of Good Hope, hence their name. Capesize vessels are typically used for long voyages in the coal and iron ore trades.
 
In addition to the three standard vessel types, the world bulk carrier fleet also includes combination carriers. These vessels are typically large, capable of carrying either crude oil or dry bulk cargoes and compete with both Capesize and Panamax bulk carriers. The role of combination carriers has been decreasing since 1990 because such vessels, which were not built primarily for the dry cargo market but rather for the oil tanker market, have come to be considered less desirable by charterers of oil tankers, since their oil carrying capacity may be limited and they are not strictly specialized for the carriage of oil.
 
Set forth below are some of the characteristics of the principal cargoes carried by dry bulk carriers.
 
 
·
Coal. The two categories comprising this segment are steam (or thermal) coal, which is used by power utilities, and coking (or metallurgical) coal, which is used by steelmakers. Steam coal is primarily transported from Australia, South Africa and the United States to Europe and Japan. Coking coal is primarily transported from Australia, the United States and Canada to Europe and Japan.
 
 
·
Iron Ore. Iron ore is primarily transported from Brazil and Australia to China, Europe and Japan. The majority of iron ore shipments is carried by Capesize dry bulk carriers.
 
 
·
Grain. The grain trade includes wheat, wheat flour, coarse grains (corn and barley), soybeans and soybean meal. Although the annual volume of the grain trade is subject to political factors and weather conditions, shipments have remained relatively stable over the past five years. Grain is primarily transported from the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia and Argentina to the Far East, Latin America and Africa. Handymax and Panamax vessels carry approximately 90% of the international seaborne bulk trade while Capesize vessels transport the remainder.
 
Our dry bulk vessels transport cargoes such as grain, coal and iron ore. We operate Panamax dry bulk vessels only. The rates that we can achieve for our vessels depend on the supply and demand dynamics described below.
 
Demand for Dry Bulk Vessels
 
Due to the variety of cargo carried by dry bulk carriers, demand for such vessels is dependent on a number of factors, including world and regional economic and political conditions, developments in international trade, changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, weather patterns, crop yields, armed conflicts, port congestion, canal closures and other diversions of trade. Generally, since larger ships carry fewer types of cargoes, demand for larger vessels is affected by trade patterns in a small number of commodities. Demand for smaller vessels is more diversified and is determined by trade in a larger number of commodities. As a result, charter rates for smaller dry bulk carriers, such as Handysize dry bulk carriers, have tended to be relatively more stable than charter rates for larger dry bulk carriers.
 
Supply of Dry Bulk Carriers
 
The size of the world's dry bulk carrier fleet changes as a result of newbuildings and scrapping or loss of vessels. The general trend in the development of the bulk market has always been closely linked to the state of the world economy. The economic downturn in Asia in the late 1990's led to sharp falls in cargo volumes, and therefore rates, whereas the subsequent recovery has likewise acted to boost the sector with rates recovering to above those prevailing prior to the crisis. In the period 2003 to 2008 the dry bulk market reached historically high levels and the charter rates, although volatile, have remained very high compared to the historical averages due, among other, factors, to a strong demand from China for iron ore and congestion in load ports, coupled with a relatively low level of newbuilding deliveries given the high market rates over a longer period - however the global drybulk newbuilding order book have during 2008 increased to record high levels although the ordering of  newbuildings stopped in connection with the financial crisis and the total collapse of the drybulk market in September/October 2008. The
 

 
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activity of ordering newbuildings remained at a very low level into the 2nd quarter of 2009 whereafter the activity increased considerably throughout the balance of 2009 wherefore the total ordering activity for 2009 ended at a level well above the historical average. The delivery of newbuildings in 2009 reached record high levels - close to 50 % above the average for the 5 previous years. Scrapping also reached record high levels in 2009 as a result of the very low dry bulk market in last quarter 2008 and first quarter 2009. The scrapping was however only about 20-25% of the newbuilding deliveries. China imported huge quantities of iron ore prior to the Olympics in August 2008 and built up record high stocks. The high stockbuilding coupled with the financial crisis and the following reduced demand on all commodities as well as problems for buyers of goods in obtaining letter of credit from banks lead to a total collapse of the drybulk freight market in October 2008 and this lasted well into the 1st quarter in 2009 whereafter the record high import of iron ore and coal into China as well as high port congestion in Australia, Brazil and China caused the dry bulk market to recover. The average charter rates for 2009 reached  a level close to the historical average for the last 15 years.  The level of expected newbuildings in the dry bulk sector in the forthcoming years remains at a historical  high level due to the still very high order book which was build up during especially 2006, 2007 and major part of 2008 as well as 2009. Problems with obtaining finance of newbuildings in 2009 did however result in owners having to cancel their orders and further delayed deliveries from yards - especially Chinese yards - due to capacity problems causing delays to many scheduled deliveries in 2009. The slippage of deliveries and cancellations continued into 2010. The slippage of deliveries into next year and cancellations are expected to continue but the extent of such cancellations and delays are highly uncertain.
 
Chartering of the Fleet
 
Vessels can be chartered by customers in a variety of ways.
 
The spot market provides the most frequent source of employment for our vessels. In the spot market, the charterer hires the vessel to carry cargo on a specific voyage. The owner provides the crew and bears all vessel operating costs and voyage costs, including fuel and port costs.
 
A charterer and owner can also enter into a time charter for a vessel. Time charters involve a charterer hiring a vessel for a fixed period, which may range from a short number of days to several years. Typical time charters are for periods of between six to 36 months. In a time charter, the owner bears operating costs, while the charterer is responsible for the voyage costs, including bunker costs.
 
A demise charter, also referred to as a bareboat charter, involves the chartering of a vessel for a fixed period of time. However, unlike a time charter, a bareboat charter requires the user to pay for all operating expenses, maintenance of the vessel and voyage costs.
 
Most of our tanker vessels operate in pools. Within each pool, a vessel may be time chartered out by the pool manager, but the charterhire is divided among all of the vessels in the pool and therefore does not provide us with the steady income normally associated with time charters. Each pool manager will determine the number of vessels to be time chartered depending on charterhire rates and pool board strategy. Vessels in our pools that are not time chartered generally trade in the spot market. However, the pools do enter into contracts of affreightment, which provide a guaranteed fixed income over a period of time.
 
Management of the Fleet
 
We provide the operations, chartering, technical support, shipyard supervision, insurance and financing management services necessary to support our fleet. Our chartering staff, as well as our fleet's management personnel, is mainly located in our head office in Copenhagen and at our office in Singapore. Our staff makes recommendations to our senior management regarding the chartering of our vessels, as well as identifying when opportunities arise to buy or sell a vessel. We also have offices in Manila, Tokyo, Kristiansand in Norway, Stamford, USA and Mumbai, India, but all decisions relating to the vessels we manage are made or approved in our offices in Copenhagen and Singapore.
 

 
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Seasonality
 
The demand for product tankers and bulk carriers has historically fluctuated depending on the time of year. Demand for product tankers is influenced by many factors, including general economic conditions, but it is primarily related to demand for petroleum products in the areas of greatest consumption. Accordingly, demand for product tankers generally rises during the winter months and falls during the summer months in the Northern hemisphere. Demand for bulk carriers is not as volatile as that for tankers, but demand does generally increase in the spring months in North America as demand for grain increases and generally falls back during the winter months. More consistent commodities such as coal, however, provide some stability to the bulk vessel trade. Moreover, these are generalized trading patterns that vary from year to year and there is no guarantee that similar patterns will continue in the future.
 
Customers
 
We have derived, and believe that we will continue to derive, a significant portion of our revenues from a limited number of customers. The majority of our significant customers are companies that operate in the oil industry. The loss of any significant customer or a substantial decline in the amount of services requested by a significant customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
Environmental and Other Regulations
 
Government regulations and laws significantly affect the ownership and operation of our vessels. We are subject to international conventions, national, state and local laws and regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels may operate or are registered and compliance with such laws, regulations and other requirements may entail significant expense.
 
Our vessels are subject to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections by a variety of government, quasi-governmental and private organizations including the local port authorities, national authorities, harbor masters or equivalent, classification societies, flag state administrations (countries of registry) and charterers. Our failure to maintain permits, licenses, certificates or other approvals required by some of these entities could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of one or more of our vessels.
 
We believe that the heightened levels of environmental and quality concerns among insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers have led to greater inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the industry. Increasing environmental concerns have created a demand for vessels that conform to stricter environmental standards.
 
We believe that the operation of our vessels is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and that our vessels have all material permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations. However, because such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly stricter requirements, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. In addition, additional legislation or regulation applicable to the operation of our vessels that may be implemented in the future, such as in response to a serious marine incident like the 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, could negatively affect our profitability.
 
International Maritime Organization
 
The International Maritime Organization, or the IMO, the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by ships, has adopted several international conventions that regulate the international shipping industry, including the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, or the MARPOL Convention. The MARPOL Convention establishes environmental standards relating to oil leakage or spilling, garbage management, sewage, air emissions, handling and disposal of noxious liquids and the handling of harmful substances in packaged form.
 

 
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In September 1997, the IMO adopted Annex VI to MARPOL to address air pollution from ships. Annex VI came into force on May 19, 2005. It sets limits on sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons and volatile organic compounds. Annex VI also includes a global cap on the sulfur content of fuel oil and allows for special areas to be established with more stringent controls on sulfur emissions. Annex VI has been ratified by some, but not all IMO member states. In October 2008, the Marine Environment Protection Committee, or MEPC, of the IMO approved amendments to Annex VI regarding particulate matter, nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide emissions standards. These amendments will enter into force in July 2010. They seek to reduce air pollution from vessels by establishing a series of progressive standards to further limit the sulfur content in fuel oil, which would be phased in by 2020, and by establishing new tiers of nitrogen oxide emission standards for new marine diesel engines, depending on their date of installation. Additionally, more stringent emission standards could apply in coastal areas designated as Emission Control Areas, or ECAs. The United States ratified these Annex VI amendments in October 2008, thereby rendering its emissions standards equivalent to IMO requirements. Please see "United States – the U.S. Clean Air Act" below for information on the ECA designated in North America and the Hawaiian Islands. We have obtained International Air Pollution Prevention certificates evidencing compliance with Annex VI requirements for all of our vessels.
 
Although the United States is not a party, many countries have ratified the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, as amended in 2000, or the CLC. Under this convention and depending on whether the country in which the damage results is a party to the 1992 Protocol to the CLC, a vessel's registered owner is strictly liable for pollution damage caused in the territorial waters of a contracting state by discharge of persistent oil, subject under certain circumstances to certain defenses and limitations. Vessels trading to states that are parties to these conventions must provide evidence of insurance covering the liability of the owner. In jurisdictions where the CLC has not been adopted, various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to the CLC.
 
The IMO also has adopted the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, or the Bunker Convention, which imposes strict liability on ship owners for pollution damage in jurisdictional waters of ratifying states caused by discharges of bunker fuel and requires registered owners of ships over 1,000 gross tons to maintain insurance for pollution damage in an amount equal to the limits of liability under the applicable national or international limitation regime.
 
The operation of our vessels is also affected by the requirements contained in the International Safety Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention, or ISM Code, promulgated by the IMO under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, or SOLAS. The ISM Code requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We intend to rely upon the safety management system that our appointed ship managers have developed.
 
Noncompliance with the ISM Code or with other IMO regulations may subject a shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports including United States and European Union ports.
 
United States
 
 
The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
 
The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, is an extensive regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil spills. OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade with the United States or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the United States, which include the U.S. territorial sea and the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, imposes liability for cleanup and natural resource damage from the release of hazardous substances (other than oil) whether on land or at sea. Both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.
 

 
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Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers are responsible parties who are jointly, severally and strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from oil spills from their vessels. OPA currently limits the liability of responsible parties with respect to tankers over 3,000 gross tons to the greater of $3,200 per gross tons or $23,496,000 per single hull tanker, and $2,000 per gross ton or $17,088,000 per double hull tanker, respectively, and permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries. Some states have enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for discharge of pollutants within their waters.  CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a similar liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource damages. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $5.0 million for vessels carrying a hazardous substance as cargo and the greater of $300 per gross ton or $0.5 million for any other vessel.
 
These limits of liability do not apply, however, where the incident is caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations, or by the responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. These limits also do not apply if the responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with the substance removal activities. OPA and CERCLA each preserve the right to recover damages under existing law, including maritime tort law. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with OPA, CERCLA and all applicable state regulations in the ports where our vessels call.
 
OPA also requires owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the limit of their potential strict liability under the act. Under the regulations, evidence of financial responsibility may be demonstrated by insurance, surety bond, self-insurance or guaranty. Under OPA regulations, an owner or operator of more than one tanker is required to demonstrate evidence of financial responsibility for the entire fleet in an amount equal only to the financial responsibility requirement of the tanker having the greatest maximum strict liability under OPA and CERCLA. We have provided such evidence and received certificates of financial responsibility from the U.S. Coast Guard for each of our vessels required to have one.
 
The oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that began in April 2010 may also result in additional regulatory initiatives or statutes, including the raising of liability caps under OPA, that may affect our operations or require us to incur additional expenses to comply with such regulatory initiatives or statues.
 
The U.S. Clean Water Act
 
The U.S. Clean Water Act of 1972, or CWA, prohibits the discharge of oil, hazardous substances, and ballast water  in U.S. navigable waters unless authorized by a duly-issued permit or exemption, and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for any unauthorized discharges. The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the costs of removal, remediation and damages and complements the remedies available under OPA and CERCLA. Furthermore, most U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.
 
The United States Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, has enacted rules requiring a permit regulating ballast water discharges and other discharges incidental to the normal operation of certain vessels within United States waters under the Vessel General Permit for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation of Vessels, or VGP. To be covered by the VGP, owners of certain vessels must submit a Notice of Intent, or NOI, at least 30 days before the vessel operates in United States waters. Compliance with the VGP could require the installation of equipment on our vessels to treat ballast water before it is discharged or the implementation of other disposal arrangements, and/or otherwise restrict our vessels from entering United States waters. In addition, certain states have enacted more stringent discharge standards as conditions to their required certification of the VGP. We have submitted NOIs for our vessels where required and do not believe that the costs associated with obtaining and complying with the VGP will have a material impact on our operations.
 

 
25

 


 
 The U.S. Clean Air Act
 
The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 and 1990, or the CAA, requires the EPA to promulgate standards applicable to emissions of volatile organic compounds and other air contaminants. Our vessels are subject to vapor control and recovery requirements for certain cargoes when loading, unloading, ballasting, cleaning and conducting other operations in regulated port areas and emission standards for so-called "Category 3" marine diesel engines operating in U.S. waters. The marine diesel engine emission standards are currently limited to new engines beginning with the 2004 model year. On December 22, 2009, the EPA announced final emission standards for Category 3 marine diesel engines equivalent to those adopted in the amendments to Annex VI to MARPOL. The emission standards apply in two stages: near-term standards for newly-built engines will apply from 2011, and long-term standards requiring an 80% reduction in nitrogen dioxides (NOx) will apply from 2016. Compliance with these standards may cause us to incur costs to install control equipment on our vessels.
 
The CAA also requires states to draft State Implementation Plans, or SIPs, designed to attain national health-based air quality standards in primarily major metropolitan and/or industrial areas. Several SIPs regulate emissions resulting from vessel loading and unloading operations by requiring the installation of vapor control equipment. As indicated above, our vessels operating in covered port areas are already equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these existing requirements. Under a new law effective July 2009, vessels sailing within 24 miles of the California coastline whose itineraries call for them to enter any California ports, terminal facilities, or internal or estuarine waters must use marine gas oil at or below 1.5% sulfur and marine diesel oil at or below 0.5% sulfur and, effective January 1, 2012, marine fuels with a sulfur content at or below 0.1% (1,000 ppm) sulfur.
 
The MEPC has designated the area extending 200 miles from the territorial sea baseline adjacent to the Atlantic/Gulf and Pacific coasts and the eight main Hawaiian Islands as an ECA under the MARPOL Annex VI amendments. The new ECA will enter into force in August 2012, whereupon fuel used by all vessels operating in the ECA cannot exceed 1.0% sulfur, dropping to 0.1% sulfur in 2015. From 2016, NOx after-treatment requirements will also apply. If other ECAs are approved by the IMO or other new or more stringent requirements relating to emissions from marine diesel engines or port operations by vessels are adopted by the EPA or the states where we operate, compliance with these regulations could entail significant capital expenditures or otherwise increase the costs of our operations.
 
European Union
 
The European Union has adopted legislation that: (1) bans manifestly sub-standard vessels from European waters and obligates port states to inspect vessels posing a high risk to maritime safety or the marine environment; and (2) provides the European Union with greater authority and control over classification societies, including the ability to seek to suspend or revoke the authority of negligent societies. In addition, European Union regulations enacted in 2003 now prohibit all single hull tankers from entering into its ports or offshore terminals.
 
The European Union has implemented regulations requiring vessels to use reduced sulfur content fuel for their main and auxiliary engines.  The EU Directive 2005/EC/33 (amending Directive 1999/32/EC) introduced parallel requirements in the European Union to those in MARPOL Annex VI in respect of the sulfur content of marine fuels.  In addition, it introduced a 0.1% maximum sulfur requirement for fuel used by ships at berth in EU ports from January 1, 2010.
 
The sinking of the oil tanker Prestige in 2002 has led to the adoption of other environmental regulations by certain European Union Member States. It is difficult to predict what legislation or additional regulations, if any, may be promulgated by the European Union in the future.
 

 
26

 


 
Other Environmental Initiatives
 
U.S. Coast Guard regulations adopted and proposed for adoption under the U.S. National Invasive Species Act, or NISA, impose mandatory ballast water management practices for all vessels equipped with ballast water tanks entering U.S. waters, which could require the installation of equipment on our vessels to treat ballast water before it is discharged or the implementation of other port facility disposal arrangements or procedures, and/or otherwise restrict our vessels from entering U.S. waters.
 
At the international level, the IMO adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments in February 2004, or the BWM Convention. The Convention's implementing regulations call for a phased introduction of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements, to be replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits. The BWM Convention will not enter into force until 12 months after it has been adopted by 30 states, the combined merchant fleets of which represent not less than 35% of the gross tonnage of the world's merchant shipping. To date, there has not been sufficient adoption of this standard for it to take force. However, the IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee passed a resolution in March 2010 encouraging the ratification of the Convention and calling upon those countries that have already ratified to encourage the installation of ballast water management systems. If ballast water treatment becomes mandatory, the cost of compliance could be significant.
 
Greenhouse Gas Regulation
 
Currently, the emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping are not subject to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which entered into force in 2005 and pursuant to which adopting countries have been required to implement national programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The IMO is, however, evaluating mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, which may include market-based instruments or a carbon tax. In addition, the European Union has proposed an expansion of the existing European Union emissions trading scheme to include emissions of greenhouse gases from marine vessels that it plans to adopt if no international agreement can be reached.
 
In the United States, the EPA has issued a finding that greenhouse gases endanger the public health and safety. In addition, climate change initiatives are being considered in the U.S. Congress.  Any passage of climate control legislation or other regulatory initiatives by the IMO, the European Union, the United States or other countries where we operate, or any treaty adopted at the international level to succeed or supplement the Kyoto Protocol, that restrict emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to make significant financial expenditures that we cannot predict with certainty at this time.
 
Vessel Security Regulations
 
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25, 2002, the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or the MTSA, came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. Similarly, in December 2002, amendments to SOLAS created a new chapter of the convention dealing specifically with maritime security. The new chapter became effective in July 2004 and imposes various detailed security obligations on vessels and port authorities, most of which are contained in the International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code, or the ISPS Code. The ISPS Code is designed to protect ports and international shipping against terrorism. After July 1, 2004, to trade internationally, a vessel must attain an International Ship Security Certificate from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel's flag state. Among the various requirements are:
 
 
·
on-board installation of automatic identification systems to provide a means for the automatic transmission of safety-related information from among similarly equipped ships and shore stations, including information on a ship's identity, position, course, speed and navigational status;

 
27

 


 
·
on-board installation of ship security alert systems, which do not sound on the vessel but only alert the authorities on shore;
 
 
·
the development of vessel security plans;
 
 
·
ship identification number to be permanently marked on a vessel's hull;
 
 
·
a continuous synopsis record kept onboard showing a vessel's history including, the name of the ship and of the state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, the date on which the ship was registered with that state, the ship's identification number, the port at which the ship is registered and the name of the registered owner(s) and their registered address; and
 
 
·
compliance with flag state security certification requirements.
 
The U.S. Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international maritime security standards, exempt from MTSA vessel security measures non-U.S. vessels that have on board, as of July 1, 2004, a valid International Ship Security Certificate attesting to the vessel's compliance with SOLAS security requirements and the ISPS Code. We have implemented the various security measures addressed by the MTSA, SOLAS and the ISPS Code, and our fleet is in compliance with applicable security requirements.
 
Inspection by Classification Societies
 
Every oceangoing vessel must be "classed" by a classification society.  A classification society certifies that a vessel is "in-class," signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member.  In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
 
The classification society also undertakes on request other surveys and checks that are required by regulations and requirements of the flag state. These surveys are subject to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the regulations of the country concerned.
 
For maintenance of the class, regular and extraordinary surveys of hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and any special equipment classed are required to be performed as follows:
 
 
·
Annual Surveys.  For seagoing ships, annual surveys are conducted for the hull and the machinery, including the electrical plant and where applicable for special equipment classed, at intervals of 12 months from the date of commencement of the class period indicated in the certificate.
 
 
·
Intermediate Surveys.  Extended annual surveys are referred to as intermediate surveys and typically are conducted two and one-half years after commissioning and each class renewal.  Intermediate surveys may be carried out on the occasion of the second or third annual survey.
 
 
·
Class Renewal Surveys.  Class renewal surveys, also known as special surveys, are carried out for the ship's hull, machinery, including the electrical plant and for any special equipment classed, at the intervals indicated by the character of classification for the hull.  At the special survey the vessel is thoroughly examined, including audio-gauging to determine the thickness of the steel structures.  Should the thickness be found to be less than class requirements, the classification society would prescribe steel renewals.  The classification society may grant a one-year grace period for completion of the special survey.  Substantial amounts of money may have to be spent for steel renewals to pass a special survey if the vessel experiences excessive wear and tear.  In lieu of the special survey every four or five years, depending on whether a grace period was granted, a shipowner has the option of arranging with the classification society for the vessel's hull or machinery to be on a continuous survey cycle, in which every part of the vessel would be surveyed within a five-year cycle.  At an owner's application, the surveys required for class renewal may be split according to an agreed schedule to extend over the entire period of class. This process is referred to as continuous class renewal.
 

 
28

 


 
All areas subject to survey as defined by the classification society are required to be surveyed at least once per class period, unless shorter intervals between surveys are prescribed elsewhere.  The period between two subsequent surveys of each area must not exceed five years.
 
Most vessels are also drydocked every 30 to 36 months for inspection of the underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections.  If any defects are found, the classification surveyor will issue a recommendation that must be rectified by the shipowner within prescribed time limits.
 
Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel be certified as "in-class" by a classification society that is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies.  All our vessels are certified as being "in-class" by Lloyd's Register or Det Norske Veritas.  All new and secondhand vessels that we purchase must be certified prior to their delivery under our standard purchase contracts and memoranda of agreement. If the vessel is not certified on the scheduled date of closing, we have no obligation to take delivery of the vessel.
 
In addition to the classification inspections, many of our customers regularly inspect our vessels as a precondition to chartering them for voyages.  We believe that our well-maintained, high-quality vessels provide us with a competitive advantage in the current environment of increasing regulation and customer emphasis on quality.
 
Risk of Loss and Liability Insurance
 
General
 
The operation of any cargo vessel includes risks such as mechanical failure, structural damage to the vessel, collision, personal injuries, property loss, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, piracy, hostilities and labor strikes.  In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.  OPA, which in certain circumstances imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners, operators and demise charterers of any vessel trading in the United States exclusive economic zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made liability insurance more expensive for shipowners and operators trading in the U.S. market.  We carry insurance against loss of hire, which protects against business interruption following a loss under our hull and machinery policy.  This policy does not protect us from business interruptions caused by any other losses.  While we believe that our present insurance coverage is adequate, not all risks can be insured against, and there can be no guarantee that any specific claim will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates.
 
Hull and Machinery Insurance
 
We have obtained marine hull and machinery and war risk insurance, which include damage to a vessel's hull and machinery, collisions and the risk of actual or constructive total loss, for all of our vessels. The vessels are each covered up to at least fair market value. Under regular circumstances, salvage and towing expenses are covered in connection with casualties. We also arranged increased value interests coverage for each vessel. Under this coverage, in the event of total loss or total constructive loss of a vessel, we will be able to recover for amounts not recoverable under the hull and machinery policy.
 
Protection and Indemnity Insurance
 
Protection and Indemnity insurance is provided by mutual protection and indemnity associations, or P&I Associations, which cover our third-party liabilities in connection with our shipping activities including other expenses and claims in connection with injury or death of crew, passengers and other third parties, loss or damage to cargo, damage to other third-party property, pollution arising from oil or other substances, wreck removal and related costs.  Protection and Indemnity insurance is a form of mutual indemnity insurance, extended by protection and indemnity mutual associations, or "clubs."  Subject to the "capping" discussed below, our coverage, except for pollution, is unlimited.
 

 
29

 


 
Our current protection and indemnity insurance coverage for pollution is USD 1 billion per vessel per incident.  The 13 P&I Associations that comprise the International Group insure more than 90% of the world's commercial tonnage and have entered into a pooling agreement to reinsure each association's liabilities.  The P&I clubs in the International Group of P&I clubs have bought reinsurance cover up to USD 3,06 billion after which the mutuality in the International Group will cover a claim by way of the overspill pool up to a total  amount of USD 7 billion. As a member of two P&I Associations, which are members of the International Group, we are subject to calls payable to the associations based on its claim records as well as the claim records of all other members of the individual associations, and members of the pool of P&I Associations comprising the International Group.
 
Competition
 
We operate in markets that are highly competitive and based primarily on supply and demand. We compete for charters on the basis of price, vessel location, size, age and condition of the vessel, as well as on our reputation as an operator. We conclude our time charters and voyage charters in the spot market through the use of brokers, through whom we negotiate the terms of the charters based on market conditions and experience. We compete primarily with owners of tankers in the Handymax, Panamax and Aframax class sizes in our tanker division. Ownership of tankers is highly fragmented and is divided among major oil companies and independent tanker owners. Our bulk vessels also compete with other vessels of the same type and size.
 
Legal Proceedings
 
We are party, as plaintiff or defendant, to a variety of lawsuits for damages arising principally from personal injury and property casualty claims. Most claims are covered by insurance, subject to customary deductibles. We believe that these claims will not, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on us, our financial condition or results of operations. From time to time in the future we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, principally personal injury, property casualty claims and contract disputes. Those claims, even if lacking merit, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. We have not been involved in any legal proceedings that may have or have had a significant effect on our financial position, nor are we aware of any proceedings that are pending or threatened that may have a significant effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
C.
Organizational Structure
 
The following table sets forth our significant entities as of December 31, 2010.
 
Entity
 
Country of Incorporation
 
Activities
TORM A/S
Denmark
This is the parent company. The company owned 59.5 product tankers and has 1 product tanker on finance lease. This company employs most of the employees providing commercial and technical management for TORM vessels and pool vessels.
 
Torm Singapore (Pte) Ltd.
Singapore
100% owned subsidiary. The company owned 9 product tankers and 2 bulk carriers. The company also provides some commercial and technical management.
 
LR2 Management K/S
Denmark
50% owned limited partnership. Maersk Tankers owns the other 50%. The partnership acts as pool manager for the LR2 pool.
 
LR1 Management K/S
Denmark
100% owned limited partnership. The partnership acts as pool manager for the LR1 pool.
 
MR Management K/S
Denmark
100% owned limited partnership. The partnership acts as pool manager for the MR pool.

 
30

 


 
Entity
 
Country of Incorporation
 
Activities
UT Shipowning K/S
Denmark
50% owned limited partnership. J.B. Ugland Shipping Singapore Pte. Ltd. owns the other 50%. The partnership owns a LR1 vessel.
 
Torm Shipping India Pte. Ltd. (former Orinoco Marine Consultancy India private Limited (OMCI))
 
India
100% owned subsidiary. The company primarily handles the manning of TORM vessels in India.
Torm USA LLC
Delaware
100% owned subsidiary. The company provides administration services towards other entities.
 
FR8 Holdings Pte. Ltd.
Singapore
50% owned joint venture with Projector S.A.

D.
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Real Property
 
We do not own any real property other than one small residential property. We lease office space in Copenhagen, Singapore, Stamford (Connecticut, USA) and Mumbai, India on contracts expiring in 2014, 2012, 2017 and 2015, respectively. Furthermore, we have leased five apartments in Singapore on contracts expiring up until January 2013.
 
Fleet
 
The following table lists our entire fleet of owned vessels as of December 31, 2010:
 
 
Product Tankers
 
Year Built
 
Dwt
 
 
Ownership
 
Flag (1)
TORM Ingeborg
2003
    99,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Valborg
2003
    99,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Helene
1997
    99,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Signe
2005
    72,718  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
TORM Sofia
2005
    72,718  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
TORM Estrid
2004
    74,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Ismini
2004
    74,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Emilie
2004
    74,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Sara
2003
    72,718  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
TORM Helvig
2005
    44,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Ragnhild
2005
    44,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Freya
2003
    45,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Thyra
2003
    45,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Camilla
2003
    44,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Carina
2003
    44,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Mary
2002
    45,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Vita
2002
    45,940  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Gertrud
2002
    45,940  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Gerd
2002
    45,940  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Caroline
2002
    44,946  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Cecilie
2001
    44,946  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Clara
2000
    45,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
Potrero Del LLano II
1999
    47,165  
Torm Singapore
Mexico

 
31

 


 
Product Tankers
 
Year Built
 
Dwt
 
 
Ownership
 
Flag (1)
TORM Gunhild
1999
    44,999  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Anne
1999
    44,990  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
Faja De Oro II
1995
    44,999  
Torm Singapore
Mexico
TORM Margrethe
2006
    109,672  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Marie
2006
    109,672  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Gudrun
2000
    101,122  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Kristina
1999
    105,001  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Margit
2007
    109,672  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Mette
2007
    109,672  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Marina
2007
    109,672  
TORM A/S
NIS
TORM Ugland
2007
    74,999  
UT Shipowning K/S (2)
NIS
TORM Venture
2007
    74,999  
TORM A/S
NIS
TORM Neches
2000
    47,052  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
TORM Amazon
2002
    47,275  
TORM A/S (3)
Singapore
TORM San Jacinto
2002
    47,038  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Moselle
2003
    47,024  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Rosetta
2003
    47,015  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Horizon
2004
    46,955  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Thames
2005
    47,035  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Kansas
2006
    46,922  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Republican
2006
    46,893  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Platte
2006
    46,920  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Madison
2000
    35,828  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Trinity
2000
    35,834  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Rhone
2000
    35,751  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Charente
2001
    35,751  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Ohio
2001
    37,274  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Loire
2004
    37,106  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Garonne
2004
    37,178  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Saone
2004
    37,106  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Fox
2005
    37,006  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Tevere
2005
    36,990  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Marianne
2008
    110,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Maren
2008
    110,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Mathilde
2008
    110,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Laura
2008
    52,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Lene
2008
    52,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Lotte
2009
    52,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Louise
2009
    52,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Lilly
2009
    52,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Lana
2009
    52,000  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
TORM Gyda
2009
    37,000  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Alice
2010
    50,500  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Aslaug
2010
    50,500  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Alexandra
2010
    50,500  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Agnete
2010
    50,500  
TORM A/S
DIS
TORM Almena
2010
    50,500  
Torm Singapore
Singapore


 
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Bulk Carriers
 
Year Built
 
Dwt
 
 
Ownership
 
Flag (1)
TORM Bornholm
2004
    75,950  
Torm Singapore
Singapore
TORM Anholt
2004
    74,195  
Torm Singapore
Singapore

 
(1)
DIS stands for the Danish International Shipping Registry and NIS stands for the Norwegian International Shipping Registry.
 
 
(2)
50% owned.
 
 
(3)
TORM A/S has TORM Amazon on finance lease
 
Newbuildings
 
The following table lists our entire fleet of owned newbuilding vessels as of December 31, 2010:
 
Product Tankers
 
Expected Delivery
   
Dwt
 
             
TORM Agnes
    Q1 2011       50,500  
TORM Amalie
    Q1 2011       50,500  
TORM Arawa
    Q3 2011       52,300  
TORM Anabel
    Q4 2011       52,300  
TORM Asta
    Q1 2013       52,300  
TORM Andrea
    Q2 2014       52,300  
 
 
Bulk Carriers
 
Expected Delivery
   
Dwt
 
TORM Karen*
    Q1 2011       82,100  
TORM Kate*
    Q1 2011       82,100  
TORM Kamma
    Q4 2012       82,100  
TORM Katrine
    Q1 2013       82,100  

* These two newbuildings have been sold and will be delivered to the new owners in the first quarter of 2011.
 
Other
 
We have entered into various IT-related, office equipment and car rental contracts that typically expire after 0.5-3 years. We also have contractual obligations relating to vessels chartered in. Please refer to Item 5F for further disclosures relating to our contractual obligations.
 
Please refer to Item 5A and Notes 18 and 29 to our consolidated financial statements for information relating to our contractual obligations and planned investments.
 
ITEM 4A.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
 
None
 
 
33

 

ITEM 5.
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
 
A.
Operating Results
 
The financial information included in the discussion below is derived from our consolidated financial statements.
 
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
(IN THOUSANDS OF USD)
 
 
    2008     2009     2010  
                   
Revenue
    1,183,594       862,251       856,075  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (264,050 )     (217,356 )     (298,830 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    (13,586     (11,952 )     3,339  
                         
Time charter equivalent earnings
    905,958       632,943       560,584  
                         
                         
Charterhire
    (193,829 )     (220,880 )     (228,631 )
Operating expenses
    (174,333 )     (169,556 )     (152,207 )
                         
Gross profit (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    537,796       242,507       179,746  
                         
Profit from sale of vessels
    82,813       33,145       1,871  
Administrative expenses
    (89,906 )     (78,194 )     (78,161 )
Other operating income
    14,493       7,331       4,788  
Share of results of jointly controlled entities
    27,122 )     (2,256       (11,453 )
Depreciation and impairment losses
    (126,068 )     (152,775 )     (176,410 )
                         
Operating profit
    446,250       49,758       (79,619 )
                         
Financial income
    16,175       6,090       2,663  
Financial expenses
    (102,354 )     (74,896 )     (59,285 )
                         
Profit/(Loss) before tax
    360,071       (19,048       (136,241 )
                         
Tax (expenses)/benefit
    1,279       1,686       982  
                         
Net profit/(loss) for the year
    361,350       (17,362     (135,259 )
 
Primary Factors affecting Results of Operations
 
TORM generates revenue by charging customers for the transportation of refined oil products, crude oil and, to a much lesser extent, dry bulk cargoes, using our tanker and dry bulk vessels. The Company's focus is on maintaining a young, high quality fleet and optimizing the mix between chartered in and owned vessels. The Company actively manages the deployment of the fleet between spot market voyage charters, which generally last from several days to several weeks, and time charters, which can last up to several years. The vast majority of the Company's product tankers are employed in pools, whose revenue is derived from both spot market voyage charters and time charters. The Company's dry bulk vessels are typically employed on time charter.
 

 
34

 


 
TORM believes that the important measures for analyzing trends in the results of its operations for both tankers and dry bulk vessels consist of the following:
 
 
·
Time charter equivalent (TCE) earnings per available earning day. TCE earnings per available earning day are defined as revenue less voyage expenses divided by the number of available earning days. Voyage expenses primarily consist of port and bunker expenses that are unique to a particular voyage, which would otherwise be paid by a charterer under a time charter, as well as commissions, freight and bunker derivatives. TORM believes that presenting revenue net of voyage expenses neutralizes the variability created by unique costs associated with particular voyages or the deployment of vessels on the spot market and facilitates comparisons between periods on a consistent basis. Under time charter contracts, the charterer pays the voyage expenses, while under voyage charter contracts the shipowner pays these expenses. A charterer has the choice of entering into a time charter (which may be a one-trip time charter) or a voyage charter. TORM is neutral as to the charterer's choice because the Company will primarily base its economic decisions on expected TCE rates rather than on expected revenue. The analysis of revenue is therefore primarily based on developments in TCE earnings.
 
 
·
Spot charter rates. A spot market voyage charter is generally a contract to carry a specific cargo from a load port to a discharge port for an agreed freight per ton of cargo or a specified total amount. Under spot market voyage charters, TORM pays voyage expenses such as port, canal and bunker costs. Spot charter rates are volatile and fluctuate on a seasonal and year-to-year basis. Fluctuations derive from imbalances in the availability of cargoes for shipment and the number of vessels available at any given time to transport these cargoes. Vessels operating in the spot market generate revenue that is less predictable, but may enable us to capture increased profit margins during periods of improvements in tanker rates.
 
 
·
Time charter rates. A time charter is generally a contract to charter a vessel for a fixed period of time at a set daily or monthly rate. Under time charters, the charterer pays voyage expenses such as port, canal and bunker costs. Vessels operating on time charters provide more predictable cash flows, but can yield lower profit margins than vessels operating in the spot market during periods characterized by favorable market conditions.
 
 
·
Available earning days. Available earning days are the total number of days in a period when a vessel is ready and available to perform a voyage, meaning the vessel is not off-hire or in dry-dock. For the owned vessels, this is calculated by taking operating days and subtracting off-hire days and days in dry-dock. For the chartered in vessels, no such calculation is required because charter hire is only paid on earning days and never for off-hire days or days in dry-dock.
 
 
·
Operating days. Operating days are the total number of available days in a period with respect to the owned vessels, before deducting unavailable days due to off-hire days and days in dry-dock. Operating days is a measurement that is only applicable to the owned vessels, not to the chartered in vessels.
 
 
·
Operating expenses per operating day. Operating expenses per operating day are defined as crew wages and related costs, the costs of spares and consumable stores, expenses relating to repairs and maintenance (excluding dry-docking), the cost of insurance and other miscellaneous expenses on a per operating day basis. Operating expenses are only paid for owned vessels. The Company does not pay such costs for the chartered in vessels, which are borne by the vessel owner and instead factored into the charter hire cost for such chartered in vessels.
 
Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2010 and the Year Ended December 31, 2009
 
TORM achieved a net loss of USD 135 million in 2010 compared to a net loss of USD 17 million in 2009, resulting in earnings per share (EPS) of a loss of USD 2.0 in 2010 compared to a loss of USD 0.3 in 2009. The performance was weaker than expected at the beginning of the year as the positive effect from the savings achieved under the "Greater Efficiency Power" program only to a small extent offset the negative impact from the lower than expected freight rates in 2010, a lower net profit from sale of vessels and from an impairment charge of USD 35 million recorded on the 50% investment in FR8.
 

 
35

 


 
The 50% investment in FR8 is the latest major investment made by TORM within the product tanker market, and the carrying amount of the investment was based on a higher average vessel cost price compared to similar vessel types in TORM's own fleet. Consequently, it was more vulnerable to impairment, and based on management's review of the recoverable amount of assets at December 31, 2010, the 50% investment in FR8 was impaired by USD 35 million in addition to the USD 20 million impairment loss recorded in 2009.
 
The loss before tax for the year was USD 136 million and, apart from the impairment charge and loss of USD 16 million on newbuildings for delivery to buyers in 2011, in line with the latest guidance of a loss before tax of USD 75-85 million.
 
Total revenue in 2010 was USD 856 million compared to USD 862 million in the previous year. TCE earnings in 2010 were USD 561 million compared to USD 633 million in 2009. The decrease in TCE earnings was primarily due to significantly lower freight rates in the Tanker Division, particularly in the MR and LR1 business areas, which were only partly offset by an increase in the number of available earning days in the MR business area. The achieved average TCE earnings per available earning day in 2010 were 15% down on 2009 in the Tanker Division and 19% up in the Bulk Division.
 
Operating profit/loss decreased by USD 130 million to a loss of USD 80 million in 2010 from a profit of USD 50 million in 2009. The lower profit compared to 2009 was primarily due to significantly lower freight rates affecting both the Tanker Division and the investments in jointly controlled entities, the impairment loss of USD 35 million relating to FR8 and lower net profit from sale of vessels.
 
TORM's total assets increased by USD 59 million in 2010 to USD 3,286 million from USD 3,227 million in 2009, of which the carrying amount of vessels including vessels held for sale, capitalized dry-docking and prepayments on vessels amounted to USD 2,787 million, compared to USD 2,709 million in 2009. At December 31, 2010, the fleet of owned vessels consisted of 69.5 product tankers and two dry bulk vessels. In addition, TORM chartered in 25 product tankers and 13 dry bulk vessels on time charter agreements longer than one year and commercially managed approximately 25 vessels for third-party owners and charterers.
 
Total equity decreased by USD 132 million in 2010 to USD 1,115 million from USD 1,247 million in 2009. The decrease in equity was mainly due to the loss for the year of USD 135 million. TORM's total liabilities increased by USD 191 million in 2010 to USD 2,171 million from USD 1,980 million in 2009, primarily due to an increase in mortgage debt and bank loans of USD 191 million.
 
Gross Profit (Net Earnings from Shipping Activities)
 
The table below presents net earnings from shipping activities by segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010:
 
USD million
         
 
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total 2009
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total 2010
 
Revenue
    745.2       117.1       0.0       862.3       762.9       93.2       0.0       856.1  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (213.5 )     (3.9 )     0.0       (217.4 )     (293.7 )     (5.1 )     0.0       (298.8 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    (12.0 )     0.0       0.0       (12.0 )     3.5       (0.2 )     0.0       3.3  
Time charter equivalent earnings
    519.7       113.2       0.0       632.9       472.7       87.9       0.0       560.6  
Charter hire
    (163.0 )     (57.9 )     0.0       (220.9 )     (168.9 )     (59.7 )     0.0       (228.6 )
Operating expenses
    (159.0 )     (10.5 )     0.0       (169.5 )     (148.4 )     (3.8 )     0.0       (152.2 )
Gross profit
                                                               
(Net earnings from shipping activities)
    197.7       44.8       0.0       242.5       155.4       24.4       0.0       179.8  


 
36

 


TORM's revenue derives from two segments: The Tanker Division and the Bulk Division. The above table presents the results of shipping activities by operating segment for the years 2009 and 2010.
 
Tanker Division
 
Revenue in the Tanker Division increased by 2% to USD 763 million from USD 745 million in 2009, whereas time charter equivalent earnings decreased by USD 47 million or 9% to USD 473 million in 2010 from USD 520 million in the previous year. The overall increase in the number of available earning days of 5% was more than offset by the reduction in the average TCE earnings per available earning day of 15% compared to 2009.
 
On average, 2010 freight rates were in line with 2009. Due to a lower coverage of earning days compared to 2009, TORM's product tanker earnings were lower in 2010 than in the previous year. Operating profit for the year was USD -47 million, which is not satisfactory.
 
In the first quarter of 2010, the larger vessels (LRs) were positively impacted by continued naphtha demand in the Far East. This was partly offset by discharging of vessels from floating storage. The MR segment benefited from the cold winter in the Northern Hemisphere, which increased demand for heating oil. Going into the second quarter of 2010, freight rates decreased due to the effect of seasonal refinery maintenance and continued influx of new tonnage as well as a reduction in the number of vessels used as floating storage. Alternative cargoes such as vegetable oil to China and Europe were not sufficient to support the freight rates. In late June and early July, the transatlantic trading route was strengthened significantly due to the opening of gasoline arbitrage from Europe to the USA, disruptions in the Brazilian refinery sector and few available vessels on the European continent. This positive trend ceased in the third quarter where ample tonnage supply, absence of general arbitrage opportunities and no use of floating storage resulted in lower freight rates. The larger LR vessels were furthermore negatively impacted by a weak crude market and therefore the vessels sought occupation in the clean market. Towards the end of the year, the eastern markets continued to be low, especially impacting the earnings of the LR vessels. The western market strengthened for a short period in December as the gasoline arbitrage between Europe and the USA opened again, leading to increasing MR freight rates.
 
In 2010, the Company redelivered one chartered in vessel in the LR2 business area, which was the primary reason for the decrease in the number of available earning days by 134 days or 3%, resulting in a decrease in earnings of USD 3 million. The average freight rates dropped by 4% from 2009, resulting in a reduction in earnings of USD 4 million.
 
In the LR1 business area, the Company took delivery of nine and redelivered seven chartered in vessels, increasing the number of available earning days by 334 days or 4% and earnings by USD 6 million. Average freight rates decreased by 20% from the previous year, reducing earnings by USD 29 million.
 
In the MR business area, five newbuildings were delivered to the fleet of owned vessels and with the deliveries in 2009, which had full effect in 2010, this was the main reason for the increase in the number of available earning days of 1,987 days or 14%, which improved earnings by USD 31 million. Average freight rates decreased by 14% from the previous year, reducing earnings by USD 35 million.
 
In the SR business area, the Company redelivered a chartered in vessel, which was the main reason for the reduction in the number of available earning days by 13% from the previous year, resulting in a decrease in earnings of USD 11 million. Average freight rates decreased by 19% from the previous year, reducing earnings by USD 13 million.
 
The increase in the time charter equivalent earnings in the Tanker Division can be summarized as illustrated in the table below.
 
Earnings for the Tanker Division
                                   
USD million
 
SR
   
MR
   
LR1
   
LR2
   
Un-allocated
   
Total
 
Time charter equivalent earnings 2009
    84       217       137       86       (4 )     520  
Change in number of earning days
    (11 )     31       6       (3 )     -       23  
Change in freight rates
    (13 )     (35 )     (29 )     (4 )     -       (81 )
Other
    -       -       -       -       11       11  
Time charter equivalent earnings 2010
    60       213       114       79       7       473  


 
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Unallocated earnings comprise fair value adjustment of freight and bunkers derivatives, which are not designated as hedges, and gains and losses on freight and bunkers derivatives, which are not entered for hedge purposes.
 
The table below summarizes the earnings data per quarter for the Tanker Division.
 
Earnings data for the Tanker Division
           
 
USD/Day
 
2009
   
2010
   
2010
   
% Change
 
   
Full year
      Q1       Q2       Q3       Q4    
Full year
      2009-2010  
LR2/Aframax vessels
                                                   
Available earning days for: *
                                                   
- Owned vessels
    4,349       1,073       1,054       1,098       1,193       4,418       2 %
- Time chartered vessels
    360       90       68       0       0       158       (56 %)
TCE per earning day from LR2 Pool
    20,059       19,270       17,185       19,848       17,061       18,538       (8 %)
TCE per earning day **
    18,370       18,456       15,505       17,672       18,565       17,573       (4 %)
                                                         
LR1/Panamax vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    2,493       630       599       638       643       2,510       1 %
- Time chartered vessels
    4,987       1,118       1,178       1,456       1,552       5,304       6 %
TCE per earning day from LR1 Pool
    17,069       16,273       14,903       14,662       10,750       13,858       (19 %)
TCE per earning day **
    18,284       16,686       15,509       14,628       12,172       14,599       (20 %)
                                                         
MR vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    11,213       2,945       3,097       3,262       3,366       12,671       13 %
- Time chartered vessels
    2,736       810       819       950       686       3,265       19 %
TCE per earning day from MR Pool
    15,207       14,179       12,567       13,753       12,524       13,304       (13 %)
TCE per earning day **
    15,561       14,700       12,363       14,280       11,993       13,326       (14 %)
                                                         
SR vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    3,905       989       979       951       1,007       3,927       1 %
- Time chartered vessels
    638       13       0       0       0       13       (98 %)
TCE per earning day **
    18,446       18,034       16,099       13,851       12,090       15,024       (19 %)

*Earning days are the total number of days in the period, where the vessel is ready and available to perform a voyage, i.e. is not in drydock, etc.
**TCE, or Time Charter Equivalent Earnings, equals gross freight income less port expenses, bunkers and commissions (including freight and bunkers derivatives).

Bulk Division
 
In the Bulk Division, revenue decreased by 20% to USD 93 million from USD 117 million in the previous year, and time charter equivalent earnings similarly decreased by 22% or USD 25 million to USD 88 million from USD 113 million in 2009.

 
38

 


In the first quarter of 2010, the Panamax rates were strong, both in absolute terms and especially compared to the larger Capesize vessels. The increase in Chinese coal and iron ore imports affected the market positively and more than offset the pressure from the record high deliverables of new tonnage of about 16.3 million dwt. The second quarter of 2010 began with strong activity within the iron ore, coal and steel markets, with Panamax freight rates peaking in mid-may at around USD/day 38,700. Subsequent price increases for iron ore and coal resulted in decreased imports into China, which could not be offset by increased grain transport from South America. The influx of new tonnage continued during the second quarter with some 18.9 million dwt. In total, this led to a negative market development in the second part of the quarter. The third quarter of 2010 was influenced by uncertainty as to Chinese iron ore imports. Positive factors included increased Chinese coal imports and increased demand for US grain due to the failed harvest in Russia. This caused significant fluctuations in freight rates during the quarter. The Panamax rates bottomed out in mid-July at USD/day 16,000 and increased subsequently to USD/day 27,000 in early September. The fourth quarter of 2010 was soft, although volatile, with Panamax freight rates between USD/day 19,400 and USD/day 14,300. The factors that influenced the market were lack of activity due to historically high commodity prices and logistical disruptions related to weather conditions in Indonesia and Australia.

Freight rates in the Panamax business area were on average 19% higher than in 2009, increasing earnings by USD 14 million. In this business area two vessels, which were sold in 2009, were delivered to the new owners and the Company took delivery of two newbuildings on long-term time charters in the beginning of the year and one vessel on a two-year charter and three vessels on short-term charters late in the year. Together with the full impact of the vessels sold and delivered to new owners in 2009, the net effect was a 16% decline in the number of available earning days, reducing earnings by USD 13 million.
 
The change in the time charter equivalent earnings in the Bulk Division can be summarized as illustrated in the table below.
 
Earnings for the Bulk division
     
USD million
 
Panamax
 
Time charter equivalent earnings 2009
    113  
Change in number of earning days
    (13 )
Change in freight rates
    14  
Other *
     (26 )
Time charter equivalent earnings 2010
    88  

 
*
"Other" comprises a compensation for lost income in connection with early redelivery of vessels received in 2009.

 
39

 


The table below summarizes the earnings data per quarter for the Bulk Division.
 
Earnings data for the Bulk division
                                     
USD/Day
 
2009
   
2010
   
2010
   
% Change
 
   
Full year
      Q1       Q2       Q3       Q4    
Full year
      2009-2010  
Panamax vessels
                                                   
Available earning days for: *
                                                   
- Owned vessels
    1,931       315       182       184       173       853       (56 %)
- Time chartered vessels
    3,482       804       879       1,005       1,020       3,707       6 %
TCE per earning days **
    16,099       18,298       18,611       20,418       19,294       19,184       19 %
                                                         
Handymax vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    0       0       0       0       0       0    
n.a.
 
- Time chartered vessels
    0       0       0       0       30       30    
n.a.
 
TCE per earning days **
    0       0       0       0       11,919       11,919    
n.a.
 

* Earning days are the total number of days in the period, where the vessels is ready and available to perform a voyage, i.e. is not in drydock, etc.
**TCE, or Time Charter Equivalent Earnings, equals gross freight income less port expenses, bunkers and commissions (including freight and bunkers derivatives).

Operation of Vessels
 
For vessels chartered in on time charters, charter hire payments must be made whereas no operating expenses are incurred. As compared to 2009, charter hire paid in the Tanker Division increased by USD 6 million to USD 169 million in 2010, whereas charter hire paid in the Bulk Division increased by USD 2 million to USD 60 million. The increase in the Tanker Division of 4% was caused partly by an increase in the number of available earning days from vessels chartered in and partly by higher average charter rates compared to 2009.
 
Operating expenses for the owned vessels dropped by USD 18 million to USD 152 million in 2010 despite an increase in the number of operating days of 2%, which raised operating expenses by USD 3 million.
 
The movement in the operating expenses can be summarized as illustrated in the table below.
 
Operating expenses
                                         
 
USD million
 
Tanker Division
   
Bulk Division
             
 
SR
   
MR
   
LR1
   
LR2
   
Panamax
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Operating expenses 2009
    27       77       23       31       11       1       170  
Change in the number of operating days
    0       11       (3 )     1       (6 )             3  
Change in expenses per operating day
    (4 )     (11 )     (3 )     (2 )     (1 )             (21 )
Operating expenses 2010
    23       77       17       30       4       1       152  


 
40

 


The table below summarizes the operating data for our fleet of owned and bareboat chartered vessels.
 
Operating data
                                   
   
Tanker Division
   
Bulk Division
       
   
SR
   
MR
   
LR1
   
LR2
   
Panamax
   
Total
 
Operating expenses per operating day in 2009
    6,817       7,286       6,935       7,177       5,290       6,937  
Operating expenses per operating day in 2010
    5,804       6,386       5,834       6,598       4,517       6,197  
Change in the operating expenses per operating day in %
    (15 %)     (12 %)     (16 %)     (8 %)     (15 %)     (11 %)
Operating days in 2010
    4,015       12,150       2,917       4,472       865       24,419  
- Off-hire days
    (19 )     (102 )     (6 )     (39 )     (12 )     (178 )
- Days in dry dock
    (69 )     (107 )     (39 )     (15 )     0       (230 )
+/- Bareboat out/in
    0       730       (362 )     0       0       368  
+ Earning days for vessels chartered in
    13       3,265       5,304       158       3,737       12,477  
Earning days in 2010
    3,940       15,936       7,814       4,576       4,590       36,856  

Operating expenses per operating day of USD 6,197 and USD 6,937 in 2010 and 2009, respectively, can be broken down by type of cost as illustrated in the figure below.
 
   
2009
   
2010
       
Expense type
 
Expense/day
   
%
   
Expense/day
   
%
   
Change %
 
Crew
    3,937       57 %     3,622       58 %     (8 %)
Consumables
    1,140       16 %     927       15 %     (19 %)
Maintenance
    727       10 %     698       11 %     (4 %)
Insurance
    746       11 %     550       9 %     (26 %)
Other
    387       6 %     400       7 %     3 %
Total
    6,937       100 %     6,197       100 %     (11 %)

During 2010, TORM successfully continued the efforts under the "Greater Efficiency Power" program, aimed at achieving sustainable cost savings, but especially at optimizing the operating efficiency, gearing the Company for further growth. The Company managed to reduce average operating expenses per operating day by 11% from the level of 2009, causing a decrease in operating expenses of USD 21 million. Operating expenses per operating day are reduced overall by 18% compared to 2008 as a result of the efficiency program.
 
The total fleet of owned vessels had 179 off-hire days, corresponding to seven per thousand of the number of operating days in 2010 compared to 151 off-hire days, corresponding to six per thousand of the number of operating days in 2009.
 
Administrative Expenses and Other Operating Income
 
Total administrative expenses amounted to USD 78 million which was unchanged compared to 2009. Expenses relating to incentive schemes decreased by USD 6 million to USD 3 million compared to 2009. Administrative expenses for 2010 were impacted by one-off expenses relating to changes in Management amounting to USD 12 million.
 
Other operating income primarily comprises chartering commissions received by TORM in connection with the management of the three tanker pools. Other operating income amounted to USD 5 million in 2010, against USD 7 million in 2009. The decrease was related to a reduction in pool management commissions as a result of the lower freight rates and fewer pool vessels compared to 2009.
 

 
41

 


 
Financial Income and Expenses
 
Net financial expenses in 2010 were USD 57 million against USD 69 million in 2009, corresponding to a decrease of USD 12 million. The most significant reason for this change was a reduction in negative fair value adjustments on derivative financial instruments for the year.
 
Fair value adjustments in 2010 include a negative adjustment of USD 3 million relating to purchase options acquired in 2007 as part of the OMI acquisition compared to a negative adjustment of USD 26 million in 2009.
 
Tax
 
Tax for the year amounted to an income of USD 1 million compared to an income of USD 2 million in 2009. Tax for 2010 comprises a current tax expense for the year of USD 1 million, compared to USD 3 million in the previous year, and an income of USD 2 million due to an adjustment to the estimated tax liabilities for the previous years, against an income of USD 5 million in 2009. The deferred tax liability at December 31, 2010 was USD 54 million compared to USD 55 million in 2009.
 
All significant Danish entities in the TORM Group entered into the tonnage tax scheme with effect from 2001. The Company had filed a complaint regarding the assessments by the tax authorities of the tax returns for the years 2001 to 2005, which resulted in a case before the national Income tax tribunal. This case was resolved in 2010, and the outcome did not significantly impact the financial statements because it was in line with the provisions previously made by the Company.
 
The assessment of the Company's tax returns for 2007 through 2009 is still pending, and the recognized current tax liabilities are to a great extent based on Management's judgment regarding the assessment. TORM paid USD 3 million in corporation tax in 2010 regarding the Danish entities included in the tonnage tax scheme.
 
Vessels and Drydocking
 
The increase in tangible fixed assets of USD 121 million to USD 2,800 million in 2010 is attributable to the change in vessels and capitalized dry-docking and in prepayments on vessels. The carrying value of vessels and capitalized dry-docking increased by USD 170 million to USD 2,560 million. The addition of new tonnage amounted to a total acquisition cost of USD 285 million, consisting of five MR newbuildings and one second-hand LR2 vessel, which was previously owned by a 50% owned joint venture.
 
Vessels and dry-docking were not affected by the delivery to the buyers of two bulk carriers during 2010 as these were treated as held for sale in 2009. Prepayments on vessels decreased by USD 47 million to USD 227 million due to additional costs relating to vessels under construction of USD 204 million less the above-mentioned newbuilding deliveries of USD 235 million and loss on sale of newbuildings for delivery to buyers in 2011. During 2010, TORM acquired the remaining 50% of a jointly controlled entity with an LR2 vessel as its only major asset. From the date of acquisition, the assets and liabilities of the entity were consolidated line by line in the balance sheet which reduced investments in and loans to jointly controlled entities by USD 28 million. Depreciation regarding tangible fixed assets amounted to USD 141 million in 2010, against USD 133 million in 2009.
 
At December 31, 2010, TORM's newbuilding program comprised six MR tankers and four bulk carriers to be delivered during 2011 to 2013. Two of the bulk carriers have been sold and delivered to the new owners in 2011.
 
Investments in Entities, including Jointly Controlled Entities
 
The carrying value of the investment in and loans to jointly controlled entities was USD 83 million at December 31, 2010, compared to USD 162 million at December 31, 2009. The carrying amount was reduced by an impairment loss of USD 35 million relating to the 50% investment in FR8. Please see below and note 9 for a discussion of the impairment testing performed by Management. The share of results of jointly controlled entities in 2010 was a loss of USD 11 million, of which a loss of USD 13 million derived from FR8, against a loss of USD 2 million in 2009, of which a loss of USD 5 million derived from FR8.
 

 
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The Company holds minority investments in unlisted entities with an aggregate carrying amount of USD 3 million at December 31, 2010, which is unchanged from the previous year. The carrying amount of the unlisted shares is based on the estimated fair value computed and prepared using available information.
 
Assessment of Impairment of Assets
 
During 2010, TORM continued to observe indications of potential impairment of the Company's assets in the form of a downward trend in freight rates and vessel prices. As a consequence, Management followed its usual practice of performing an impairment review every quarter and presenting the outcome to the Company's audit committee, or Audit Committee. The Audit Committee evaluates the impairment review and prepares a recommendation to the Board of Directors. The recoverable amount of the assets is reviewed by assessing the net selling price and the value in use for the significant assets within the two cash generating units, the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division, and for the 50% investment in FR8.
 
At December 31, 2010, Management concluded that assets in the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division were not impaired, whereas the carrying amount of the 50% investment in FR8 should be reduced by an impairment loss of USD 35 million to the calculated recoverable amount of USD 67 million.
 
In the assessment of the net selling price, Management included a review of market values derived as the average of three internationally recognized shipbrokers' valuations. The shipbrokers' primary input is deadweight tonnage, yard and age of the vessel. The assessment of the value in use was based on the net present value of the expected future cash flows derived from discounted cash flow calculations. The underlying assumptions for the discounted cash flow calculations are presented in note 9 to the consolidated financial statements. The key assumptions are considered to be related to future developments in freight rates and to the Weighted Average Cost of Capital, or WACC, applied as discounting factor in the calculations.
 
Management recognizes that the discounted cash flow calculations are sensitive to changes in the key assumptions and has assessed the sensitivities as follows:
 
 
·
Freight rates in the product tanker market and the bulk market are very volatile. Management believes that even significant short-term, i.e. one to two years, reductions in freight rates would not cause the carrying amount to exceed the recoverable amount of any of the cash generating units. However, should a permanent downward shift of 10% compared to the assumed freight rate levels occur, the carrying amount might exceed the recoverable amount of the Tanker Division, resulting in impairment of assets.
 
 
·
The calculation of WACC is not as volatile as freight rates, but if TORM's financial position became strained, it could imply an increase in the cost of capital and the risk premium on the stock, which in turn could adversely affect WACC. A change in WACC of 2% would not affect the conclusion that the assets within the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division were not impaired.
 
Vessel values in the product tanker market remained under pressure at the beginning of 2011, and the Company will continue to monitor developments on a quarterly basis for indications of impairment.
 
Comparison Of the Year Ended December 31, 2009 and the Year Ended December 31, 2008
 
We achieved a net loss for the year of USD 17 million in 2009 compared to a net profit of USD 361 million in 2008 resulting in earnings per share "EPS" of USD -0.3 in 2009 against USD 5.2 in 2008. The result was lower than expected at the beginning of the year as the positive effect from the savings achieved in the Greater Efficiency Power program only partly offset the negative impact from the significantly lower-than-expected freight rates in 2009 and an impairment loss of USD 20 million on 50% ownership position in FR8.
 
The investment in 50% of FR8 is the latest major investment made by us within the product tanker market and calculation of the carrying amount of the investment was based on a higher average vessel cost price as compared with similar vessel types in our fleet. Consequently, the FR8 investment was more vulnerable to impairment and was impaired by USD 20 million, based on Management's review of the recoverable amount of assets as at 31 December 2009.
 

 
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The loss before tax for 2009 was USD 19 million, in line with the recently announced anticipated profit before tax expected according to the latest announcement of around break-even, taking into account the impairment loss.
 
Operating profit decreased by 89% to USD 50 million in 2009 from USD 446 million in 2008. The lower profit compared to 2008 was primarily due to significantly lower freight rates affecting both the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division as well as our investments in jointly controlled entities, the impairment loss of USD 20 million relating to FR8 and lower profit from sale of vessels.
 
Our total assets decreased by USD 90 million in 2009 to USD 3,227 million from USD 3,317 million in 2008. The key reasons for the decrease were a decrease in freight receivables and other receivables of USD 113 million, a decrease in other financial assets, mainly comprising derivative financial instruments, of USD 33 million and a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of USD 46 million and a net increase in the carrying amount of vessels including vessels held for sale, capitalized drydocking and prepayments on vessels of USD 110 million.
 
Total equity decreased by USD 32 million in 2009 to USD 1,247 million from USD 1,279 million in 2008. The decrease in equity was mainly a loss for the year of USD 17 million, dividend payments of USD 49 million and a positive fair value adjustment of derivative financial instruments treated as hedging instruments of USD 29 million. Our total liabilities decreased by USD 58 million in 2009 to USD 1,980 million from USD 2,038 million in 2008 primarily due to an increase in mortgage debt and bank loans and financial lease liabilities of USD 86 million, a decrease in trade payables of USD 24 million, a decrease in acquired liabilities related to options on vessels and time charter contracts of USD 18 million and a decrease in other liabilities of USD 97 million mainly due to settlement of liabilities relating to derivative financial instruments.
 
Gross Profit (Net Earnings from Shipping Activities)
 
The table below presents net earnings from shipping activities on segment level for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:
 
USD million
                             
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total 2008
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total 2009
 
Revenue
    923.2       260.4       0.0       1,183.6       745.2       117.1       0.0       862.3  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (252.2 )     (11.9 )     0.0       (264.1 )     (213.5 )     (3.9 )     0.0       (217.4 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    (13.6 )     0.0       0.0       (13.6 )     (12.0 )     0.0       0.0       (12.0 )
Time charter equivalent earnings
    657.4       248.5       0.0       905.9       519.7       113.2       0.0       632.9  
Charter hire
    (133.8 )     (60.0 )     0.0       (193.8 )     (163.0 )     (57.9 )     0.0       (220.9 )
Operating expenses
    (160.0 )     (14.3 )     0.0       (174.3 )     (159.0 )     (10.5 )     0.0       (169.5 )
Gross profit
                                                               
(Net earnings from shipping activities)
    363.6       174.2       0.0       537.8       197.7       44.8       0.0       242.5  

 
Our total revenue in 2009 was USD 862 million as compared to USD 1,184 million in the previous year. Our revenue derives from two segments: the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division. In the markets in which these divisions operate, time charter equivalent "TCE" rates, defined as gross freight income less voyage expenses divided by the number of available earning days (days available for service), are used to compare freight rates. Under time charter contracts the charterer pays the voyage expenses, while under voyage charter contracts the shipowner pays these expenses. A charterer has the choice of entering into a time charter (which may be a one-trip time charter) or a voyage charter. We are neutral as to the charterer's choice, because we will base our economic decisions primarily upon the expected TCE rates rather than on expected net revenues. Our analysis of revenue is therefore primarily based on the development in time charter equivalent earnings. Our TCE earnings in 2009 were USD 633 million compared to USD 906 million in 2008. The decrease in the TCE earnings was primarily due to significantly lower freight rates in both the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division, particularly in the Panamax drybulk business area and the MR and LR2 tanker business areas, which were only partly offset by an increase in the number of available earning days in the MR and LR2 tanker business areas.
 

 
44

 


 
Tanker Division
 
Revenue in the Tanker Division decreased by 19% to USD 745 million from USD 923 million in 2008, whereas the time charter equivalent earnings decreased by USD 137 million or 21% to USD 520 million in 2009 from USD 657 million in the previous year.
 
On average, 2009 freight rates were 60% below the rates in 2008. The earnings of our product tankers were therefore significantly below what was expected at the beginning of the year. The operating profit for the year was USD 11 million, which is not satisfactory.
 
The low rates in combination with expectations of increasing oil prices made it financially viable to use crude oil tankers and product tankers as floating storage facilities. This is estimated to have impacted freight rates positively as a total of 82 LR1 and LR2 product tankers were used as floating storage facilities at the end of 2009, equaling 17% of the global LR1 and LR2 fleet.
 
In accordance with normal seasonal fluctuations, freight rates were relatively high at the end of 2008, but whereas rates normally do not decline until the end of the first and into the second quarter in line with a seasonal decline in oil consumption, the rates declined in 2009 to historically low levels already at the beginning of the first quarter. In second quarter, product tanker earnings were significantly lower than expected. In addition to the low oil demand, earnings were under pressure from increasing bunker costs and a large number of newbuildings which together kept rates at a very low level throughout the quarter. It was not until the end of the third quarter that the rates of the large LR1 and LR2 vessels increased as a result of increased demand for naphtha in the Asia Pacific region and exports from new refineries in India. U.S. demand for gasoline was limited, and accordingly earnings for the MR vessels were low throughout the quarter. In this negative market, the MR Pool focused on optimizing transport patterns and access to contracts of affreightment, producing earnings above the market average. Increased demand, primarily for naphtha from the Asia Pacific region, continued in the fourth quarter. This kept LR1 and LR2 rates at acceptable levels, while the continued low demand for oil products in the Western Hemisphere and a large addition of new tonnage kept MR rates at a low level throughout the quarter.
 
In 2009, we did not add any vessels in the LR2 business area, but the additions in 2008 had full effect in 2009, primarily accounting for the increase in the number of available earning days by 800 days or 20%, resulting in an increase in earnings of USD 28 million. Average freight rates dropped by 48% from the high levels in 2008, resulting in a USD 80 million decrease in earnings.
 
In the LR1 business area, the fleet was almost unchanged from 2008 with only one vessel being delivered on time charter late in the year, while the average freight rates decreased by 24% from the previous year reducing earnings by USD 44 million.
 
In the MR business area, four newbuildings were delivered to the fleet of owned vessels. We also took delivery of three chartered in newbuildings and additions, along with the deliveries in 2008 taking full effect in 2009  for the increase in the number of available earning days of 3,419 days, or 32%, increasing earnings by USD 81 million. Average freight rates decreased by 34% from the previous year, reducing earnings by USD 114 million.
 
In the SR business area, we added one vessel to the owned fleet, increasing the number of available earning days by 4% from the previous year and resulting in an increase in earnings of USD 4 million. Average freight rates decreased by 13% from the previous year, reducing earnings by USD 12 million.
 

 
45

 


 
The increase in the time charter equivalent earnings in the Tanker Division can be summarized as illustrated in the table below.
 
Earnings for the Tanker Division
                                   
USD million
 
SR
   
MR
   
LR1
   
LR2
   
Un-allocated
   
Total
 
Time charter equivalent earnings 2008
    92       250       179       138       (2 )     657  
Change in number of earning days
    4       81       2       28       -       115  
Change in freight rates
    (12 )     (114 )     (44 )     (80 )     -       (250 )
Other
     -        -        -        -       (2 )      (2 )
Time charter equivalent earnings 2009
    84       217       137       86       (4 )     520  

Unallocated earnings comprise fair value adjustment of freight and bunkers derivatives, which are not designated as hedges, and gains and losses on freight and bunkers derivatives, which are not entered for hedge purposes.
 
The table below summarizes the earnings data per quarter for the Tanker Division.
 
Earnings data for the Tanker Division
                                     
USD/Day
 
2008
   
2009
   
2009
   
% Change
 
   
Full year
      Q1       Q2       Q3       Q4    
Full year
      2008-2009  
LR2/Aframax vessels
                                                   
Available earning days for: *
                                                   
- Owned vessels
    3,546       1,076       1,090       1,101       1,082       4,349       23 %
- Time chartered vessels
    362       91       89       89       91       360       (1 %)
TCE per earning day **
    35,243       21,997       15,785       17,406       18,356       18,370       (48 %)
                                                         
LR1/Panamax vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    3,234       619       512       719       643       2,493       (23 %)
- Time chartered vessels
    4,165       1,245       1,244       1,116       1,382       4,987       20 %
TCE per earning day **
    24,204       21,755       18,491       16,514       16,516       18,284       (24 %)
                                                         
MR vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    9,530       2,669       2,673       2,865       3,006       11,213       18 %
- Time chartered vessels
    1,000       505       671       737       823       2,736       174 %
TCE per earning day **
    23,721       19,802       15,363       15,349       12,417       15,561       (34 %)
                                                         
SR vessels
                                                       
Available earning days for: *
                                                       
- Owned vessels
    3,652       965       953       977       1010       3,905       7 %
- Time chartered vessels
    730       180       182       183       93       638       -13 %
TCE per earning day **
    21,135       20,963       17,483       18,378       16,894       18,446       (13 %)

*Earning days are the total number of days in the period, where the vessel is ready and available to perform a voyage, i.e. is not in drydock, etc.
**TCE, or Time Charter Equivalent Earnings, equals gross freight income less port expenses, bunkers and commissions (including freight and bunkers derivatives).


 
46

 


Bulk Division
 
In the Bulk Division, revenue decreased by 55% to USD 117 million from USD 260 million in the previous year, and the time charter equivalent earnings similarly decreased by 54%, or USD 136 million, to USD 113 million from USD 249 million in 2008.
 
As a consequence of the dramatic downturn in the global economy in 2008, 2009 began with very low rates in all drybulk segments. Our Panamax drybulk vessels, rates stood at about USD 4,300/day – their lowest level in 10 years. Rates increased considerably in the second quarter to a level of about USD 28,000/day, mainly as a result of record high Chinese imports of iron ore and coal.
 
Over the summer and in the early autumn, Panamax rates fell back to below USD 20,000/day, primarily due to shorter waiting time in Chinese ports, lower coal imports to China and a large number of delivered newbuildings. But in September, Chinese imports of iron ore again hit a record high, resulting rate increase to about USD 35,000/day for Panamax vessels in October and November. An increased number of waiting days in China and a sharp increase in waiting time for loading in Australian coal ports also supported freight rates at the beginning of the fourth quarter. At the end of 2009, Panamax rates stood at around USD 28,600/day.
 
Freight rates in the Panamax business area were on average 63% lower than in 2008, reducing earnings by USD 151 million. In this business area, the Company sold six vessels, two of which will be delivered to the owner in 2010 and the gain from sale of these two vessels is recognized in 2010, and took delivery of two newbuildings on long-term time charters. One of the sold vessels was subsequently chartered in on market terms. Together with the full impact of the additions in 2008, the net effect was a decrease in the number of available earning days of 4%, reducing earnings by USD 11 million.
 
Earnings in the Bulk division include an income of USD 26 million in compensation for lost income received from a customer early in the year upon premature delivery to us of four Panamax vessels.
 
The change in the time charter equivalent earnings in the Bulk Division can be summarized as illustrated in the table below.
 
Earnings for the Bulk division
     
USD million
 
Panamax
 
Time charter equivalent earnings 2008
    249  
Change in number of earning days
    (11 )
Change in freight rates
    (151 )
Other *
     26  
Time charter equivalent earnings 2009
    113  
 
 
 
*
"Other" comprises a compensation for lost income upon early redelivery of vessels.

The table below summarizes the earnings data per quarter for the Bulk Division.
 
Earnings data for the Bulk division
                                     
USD/Day
 
2008
   
2009
   
2009
   
% Change
 
   
Full year
      Q1       Q2       Q3       Q4    
Full year
      2008-2009  
Panamax vessels
                                                   
Available earning days for: *
                                                   
- Owned vessels
    2,259       600       591       389       351       1,931       (15 %)
- Time chartered vessels
    3,389       858       905       866       853       3,482       3 %
TCE per earning days **
    44,012       13,929       13,756       17,968       19,690       16,099       (63 %)

*Earning days are the total number of days in the period, where the vessels is ready and available to perform a voyage, i.e. is not in drydock, etc.
**TCE, or Time Charter Equivalent Earnings, equals gross freight income less port expenses, bunkers and commissions (including freight and bunkers derivatives).


 
47

 


Operation of Vessels
 
For vessels chartered in on time charters, charter hire payments must be made but operating expenses are not incurred. As compared to 2008, charter hire paid in the Tanker Division increased by USD 29 million to USD 163 million in 2009, whereas charter hire paid in the Bulk Division decreased by USD 2 million to USD 58 million. The increase in the Tanker Division of 39% was primarily caused by an increase in the number of available earning days from vessels chartered in compared to 2008.
 
Operating expenses for the owned vessels decreased by USD 4 million to USD 170 million in 2009 despite an increase in the number of operating days of 7% which increased operating expenses by USD 13 million.
 
The movement in the operating expenses can be summarized as illustrated in the table below.
 
Operating expenses
                                         
 
USD million
 
Tanker Division
   
Bulk Division
             
 
SR
   
MR
   
LR1
   
LR2
   
Panamax
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Operating expenses 2008
    24       77       26       30       15       2       174  
Change in the number of operating days
    2       7       0       6       (2 )             13  
Change in expenses per operating day
    1       (7 )     (3 )     (5 )     (2 )             (16 )
Other
                                            (1 )     (1 )
Operating expenses 2009
    27       77       23       31       11       1       170  

The table below summarizes the operating data for our fleet of owned and bareboat chartered vessels.
 
Operating data
                                   
   
Tanker Division
   
Bulk Division
       
   
SR
   
MR
   
LR1
   
LR2
   
Panamax
   
Total
 
Operating expenses per operating day in 2008
    6,548       7,918       7,891       8,211       6,371       7,583  
Operating expenses per operating day in 2009
    6,817       7,286       6,935       7,177       5,290       6,937  
Change in the operating expenses per operating day in %
    4 %     (8 %)     (12 %)     (13 %)     (17 %)     (9 %)
Operating days in 2009
    3,993       10,584       3,285       4,380       2,017       24,259  
- Off-hire days
    (23 )     (77 )     (7 )     (31 )     (13 )     (151 )
- Days in dry dock
    (64 )     (29 )     (56 )     0       (73 )     (222 )
+ Earning days for vessels chartered in
    637       3,471       4,258       360       3,482       12,208  
Earning days in 2009
    4,543       13,949       7,480       4,709       5,413       36,094  


 
48

 


Operating expenses per day of USD 7,583 and USD 6,937 in 2008 and 2009, respectively, can be broken down according to types of costs as illustrated in the table below.
 
   
2008
   
2009
       
Expense type
 
Expense/day
   
%
   
Expense/day
   
%
   
Change %
 
Crew
    4,160       55 %     3,937       57 %     (5 %)
Consumables
    1,262       17 %     1,140       16 %     (10 %)
Maintenance
    839       11 %     727       10 %     (13 %)
Insurance
    689       9 %     746       11 %     8 %
Other
    633       8 %     387       6 %     (39 %)
Total
    7,583       100 %     6,937       100 %     (9 %)

In 2009, we initiated a program named Greater Efficiency Power aimed at achieving sustainable cost savings, and especially at optimizing our operating efficiency. The program targets all areas within the operation of vessels as well as general administrative expenses. Within operating expenses Greater Efficiency Power has especially been focused on defining optimal manning and maintenance standards and centralizing procurement processes. We managed to reduce the average operating expenses per operating day by 9% compared to 2008. This caused a decrease in the operating expenses of USD 16 million despite a negative impact of USD 1 million from a lower USD/DKK exchange rate. The average operating expenses per operating day during Q4 2009 were 12% lower than during Q4 2008. The savings have been achieved without reducing the number of vessels with Danish crews.
 
The total fleet of owned vessels had 151 off-hire days corresponding to six per thousand operating days in 2009 compared to 170 off-hire days corresponding to eight per thousand of the number of operating days in 2008. The Company considers the level of off-hire days to be satisfactory.
 
Administrative Expenses and Other Operating Income
 
The total administrative expenses decreased from 2008 to 2009 by USD 12 million to USD 78 million despite a negative impact from the lower USD/DKK rate of USD 3 million. The main effect of the Greater Efficiency Power program was a re-organization of the global set-up of crew and fleet management as well as support functions, resulting in a 10% reduction in the land-based staff. The re-organization did not impact the administrative expenses in 2009, but will have an impact in the coming years. Expenses relating to the incentive scheme decreased by USD 12 million compared to 2008.
 
Other operating income primarily comprises chartering commissions received by us in connection with the management of the three tanker pools. Other operating income amounted to USD 7 million in 2009 compared to USD 14 million in 2008. The decrease was related to a reduction in pool management commissions as a result of the significantly lower freight rates compared to 2008 and a reduction in technical management fees due to terminated agreements.
 
Financial Income and Expenses
 
Net financial costs in 2009 were USD -69 million compared to USD -86 million in 2008 corresponding to a decrease of USD 17 million. The most significant reasons for this change were a reduction in net interest expenses of USD 21 million to USD 52 million in 2009 due to lower interest rates on loans with floating interest, a negative impact compared to 2008 from currency exchange of USD 4 million.
 
Fair value adjustments in 2009 include a negative adjustment of USD 26 million relating to purchase options acquired in 2007 as part of the OMI acquisition.
 
Please refer to Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements for a breakdown of financial income and expenses in the income statement and to Note 15 for an overview of mortgage debt and bank loans.
 

 
49

 
 
Tax
 
Tax for the year 2009 amounted to an income of USD 2 million compared to an income of USD 1 million in 2008. The tax for 2009 comprises current tax expense for the year of USD 3 million which was unchanged from the previous year and an income of USD 5 million due to an adjustment to the estimated tax liabilities for the previous years compared to an income of USD 4 million in 2008. Deferred tax liability as of 31 December, 2009 was USD 55 million which was unchanged from the previous year.
 
All significant Danish entities among the TORM Group, which consists of TORM and its consolidated subsidiaries, entered into the tonnage taxation scheme with effect from 2001 and have filed tax returns for 2001 through to 2008. We have filed a complaint regarding the assessments by the tax authorities of the tax returns for the years 2001 to 2005, and the assessments for 2006 to 2008 have not been completed. The National Income Tax Tribunal Office has issued a draft ruling on our tax case, and we have adjusted the tax provisions downwards accordingly.
 
As the final ruling on the tax case and the assessment of three years of tax returns are still pending, the recognized current tax liabilities are to a great extent based on Management's judgment regarding the outcome of the complaint and the assessment. We paid USD 4 million in corporation tax on account in 2009 regarding these entities.
 
Please refer to Item 10E and to Notes 2 and 13 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
 
Vessels and Drydocking
 
The increase in tangible fixed assets of USD 67 million to USD 2,679 million in 2009 is attributable to the change in the number of vessels, capitalized drydocking and in prepayments on vessels and depreciations. The carrying value of vessels and capitalized drydocking increased by USD 64 million to USD 2,390 million. The addition of new tonnage amounted to a total acquisition cost of USD 266 million primarily consisting of four MR, one SR tanker newbuildings and one drybulk vessel.
 
Six Panamax drybulk vessels - two were built in 1997, two in 2001, one in 2003 and one in 2005 – were sold during the year, representing a total carrying amount of USD 81 million. Two of these vessels will not be delivered until 2010, and the carrying amount totaling USD 44 million was transferred to non-current assets held for sale. Prepayments on vessels increased by USD 1 million to USD 274 million due to additional costs of USD 237 million relating to vessels under construction less the above-mentioned newbuilding deliveries of USD 236 million. Depreciations regarding tangible fixed assets amounted to USD 133 million in 2009 as compared to USD 121 million in 2008.
 
As of 31 December 2009, our newbuilding program comprised 11 MR tankers and four drybulk vessels to be delivered during 2010 to 2012.
 
Investment in Entities Including Jointly Controlled Entities
 
The carrying value of the investment in and loans to jointly controlled entities was USD 162 million as at 31 December 2009 compared to USD 173 million as at 31 December 2008.
 
The carrying amount was reduced by an impairment loss of USD 20 million relating to the 50% investment in FR8. Please refer to the section below and note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the impairment testing performed by Management.
 
The share of results of jointly controlled entities in 2009 was a loss of USD 2 million, of which a loss of USD 5 million derived from FR8, compared to an income of USD 27 million in 2008, of which USD 27 million in profit and acquisition cost adjustment derived from FR8.
 

 
50

 


 
We hold minority investments in unlisted entities with an aggregate carrying amount of USD 3 million as of 31 December 2009, which is unchanged from the previous year. The carrying amount of the unlisted shares is based on the estimated fair value computed and prepared using available information.
 
Assessment of Impairment of Assets
 
Management performs an impairment review every quarter and presents the outcome to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee evaluates the impairment review and prepares a recommendation to the Board of Directors. The recoverable amount of the assets is reviewed by assessing the net selling price and the value in use for significant assets within the two cash generating units the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division, and for the investment in 50% of FR8.
 
During 2009, we observed indications of potential impairment of our assets in the form of a negative development in freight rates and vessel prices. As of 31 December 2009, Management concluded that the assets within the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division were not impaired whereas the carrying amount of the investment in 50% of FR8 should be reduced by an impairment loss of USD 20 million to the calculated recoverable amount of USD 115 million.
 
In the assessment of net selling price, Management reviews the market values of each vessel.  Three internationally acknowledged shipbrokers' valuations are obtained, along with other external and internal sources of information to assist Management in the determination of market values and estimated net selling price.  The primary factors considered in Management's analysis of each vessel are deadweight tons, yard and age of the vessel.
 
The assessment of value in use was based on the present value of the expected future cash flows derived from discounted cash flow calculations. The underlying assumptions for the discounted cash flow calculations are presented in note 9 to our consolidated financial statements. The key assumptions are considered to be related to the future development in freight rates and to the WACC applied as a discounting factor in the calculations.
 
Management recognizes that the discounted cash flow calculations are sensitive to changes in the key assumptions and has assessed the sensitivities as follows:
 
 
·
Freight rates in the product tanker market and the drybulk market are very volatile. Management believes that even significant short-term, i.e. one- to two year, reductions in freight rates would not cause the carrying amount to exceed the recoverable amount of any of the cash generating units. However, should a permanent downward shift in freight rate levels in excess of 10% occur, the carrying amount might exceed the recoverable amount of the Tanker Division resulting in impairment of assets.
 
 
·
The calculation of WACC is not as volatile as the freight rates, but if our financial position became stretched it could imply an increase in the cost of capital and the risk premium on the stock which in turn could adversely affect the WACC. A change in the WACC of 2% would not affect the conclusion that the assets within the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division were not impaired.
 
Vessel values in the product tanker market have continued to be under pressure in the beginning of 2010, and the we will continue to monitor the development on a quarterly basis for indications of impairment.
 
FOREIGN CURRENCY EFFECTS
 
We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates, which can affect results from operations and financial condition. To minimize the risk, we manage our exposure to changes in foreign currency rates through our regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments, primarily cross-currency contracts and forward exchange contracts.
 
Please refer to Item 11 for information regarding our hedging strategy.
 

 
51

 


 
EFFECTS OF INFLATION
 
Inflation generally affects us by increasing the interest expense of floating rate indebtedness and by increasing the cost of labor, drydocking costs and other operating expenses. We do not believe inflation has had or will have a material impact on our operations. Inflationary pressures on bunker costs are not expected to have a material effect on our future operations because freight rates for voyage charters are generally sensitive to the price of a ship's fuel. A sharp rise in bunker prices tends to have only a temporary negative effect on results since freights generally adjust after prices settle at a higher level.
 
B.
Liquidity and capital resources
 
Invested capital, as defined in Item 17, increased by USD 61 million to USD 2,987 million as of December 31, 2010, from USD 2,926 million as of December 31, 2009 and USD 2,822 million as of December 31, 2008. The increase can primarily be explained by the net addition of tonnage during the year.
 
We monitor the equity adequacy using gearing ratios, primarily the equity ratio, which is equity divided by total assets. Our policy is to maintain the equity ratio above 30% both when executing short-term business activities and when considering strategic initiatives and planning long-term investments. As of December 31, 2010 the equity ratio was 34% compared to 39% as of December 31, 2009 and 39% as of December 31, 2008.
 
Equity decreased by USD 132 million in 2010 to USD 1,115 million as at December 31, 2010 from USD 1,247 million in 2009. The decrease in equity was mainly due to the loss for the year of USD 135 million.
 
The payment of the Company's obligations under loan agreements, along with the payment of charter hire for chartered-in vessels and all other commitments that TORM has entered into, are paid out of the cash generated by the Company. Total cash and cash equivalents amounted to USD 120 million at the end of 2010 compared to USD 122 million at the end of 2009 and USD 168 million at the end of 2008, resulting in a net decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the year of USD 2 million compared to a net decrease of USD 46 million in 2009 and a net increase of USD 63 million in 2008.
 
The primary sources of the cash flow were proceeds from the sale of vessels and additional borrowings, which contributed a total of USD 408 million in cash.
 
The cash flows were primarily used to finance the acquisition of further additions to the fleet and to repay mortgage debt and bank loans, which required a total of USD 413 million in cash.
 
Our operations generated a cash outflow of USD 1 million in 2010 compared to an inflow of USD 116 million in 2009 and a cash inflow of USD 385 million in 2008. In addition, we invested USD 254 million in tangible fixed assets during 2010, primarily comprising the deliveries under the newbuilding program, compared to USD 289 million in 2009 and USD 378 million in 2008. In 2010, we generated USD 64 million in cash flow from the sale of non-current assets, primarily vessels, compared to USD 78 million in 2009 and USD 169 million in 2008. We did not generate any significant cash flows from the sale of equity interests and securities in 2010 or 2009, whereas we generated a cash inflow of USD 17 million from the sale of equity interests and securities during 2008.
 
The total cash inflow from financing activities amounted to USD 186 million compared to a cash inflow of USD 37 million in 2009 and a cash outflow of USD 59 million in 2008. Additional borrowings generated inflow of USD 345 million which was primarily used for the repayment on mortgage debt and bank loans amounting to USD 159 million and for the financing of the newbuilding program. We did not pay any dividends to our shareholders during 2010.
 
As of December 31, 2010, we had entered into credit agreements with leading banks with a total commitment of USD 2,204 million of which USD 1,973 million was drawn. At the end of 2009 and 2008, we had commitments of USD 2,132 million and USD 2,220 million, respectively, of which USD 1,781 million was drawn in 2009 and USD 1,723 million was drawn in 2008. Of the total borrowings of USD 1,973 million, USD 1,845 million compared to USD 1,642 million in 2009 and USD 1,573 million in 2008 carried variable interest. The credit agreements are dedicated to the financing of new tonnage and to the ongoing financing of some of the existing vessels.
 

 
52

 


 
For the 10 vessels in the newbuilding program compared to 16 vessels in 2009 and 20 vessels in 2008, payments corresponding to approximately 48% compared to 37% in 2009 and 28% in 2008 of the aggregate contract price have been made. The total outstanding contractual commitment under the newbuilding program amounted to USD 258 million as of December 31, 2010 compared to USD 455 million in 2009 and USD 686 million in 2008.
 
TORM has a range of initiatives, including new debt and refinancing of debt maturities, which will add to our amount of available funding. Based hereon and the planned investments and projected operating cash flows in the next 12 months, we believe that we have sufficient cash flow to meet operating requirements and cash flow obligations.
 
For further disclosure and discussion of our contractual obligations please refer to Item 10C and Notes 16, 19, 20 and 21 to the consolidated financial statements.
 
C.
Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.
 
Not Applicable.
 
D.
Trend information
 
Expectations for 2011
 
For 2011, TORM forecasts a loss before tax of USD 100 to 125 million. As 30,949 earning days or 76% of the earning days in 2011 were unfixed at year-end 2010, a change in freight rates of USD/day 1,000 would impact profit before tax by USD 31 million. The forecast for 2011 includes a loss of USD 6 million from the sale of the MR product tanker, Faja de Oro. The loss was recognized in the first quarter of 2011 upon delivery of the vessel to the new owner.
 
Our financial result is primarily dependent on the balance between supply and demand for product tankers and dry bulk vessels.
 
As of December 31, 2010, 16% of the total earning days in the tanker division had been covered for 2011 at an average rate of USD/day 16,103 against 31% at an average of USD/day 19,898 at the same time in 2009.
 
As of December 31, 2010, 73% of the total earning days in the bulk division had been covered for 2011 at an average rate of USD/day 16,896 against 71% at an average of USD/day 18,100 at the same time in 2009.
 
The most important factors for TORM's earnings in 2011 are:
 
 
·
Economic growth in the world economies
 
 
·
Consumption of refined oil products
 
 
·
Oil trading activity and developments in tons/mile
 
 
·
Commodities transport, in particular iron ore, coal and to some extent grain
 
 
·
Fleet growth from addition of vessels, scrapping of vessels and delays to deliveries from the vessel order book
 
 
·
One-off market shaping events such as strikes, embargoes, blockage of waterways, instability in the oil exporting countries, weather conditions, breakdown of refineries, etc.
 
 
·
Potential difficulties of major business partners
 

 
53

 


 
Tanker Division
 
2011 is expected to be a challenging year, as the product tanker market is still recovering from the tonnage influx in 2008-2010, which has led to a situation with ample tonnage supply. Going forward, TORM expects that increasing oil consumption and reduced tonnage additions will gradually improve market conditions.
 
Scrapping of existing tonnage and possible postponement of newbuildings may impact rates positively. TORM generally expects rates to recover gradually over the year and to be higher than in both 2009 and 2010.
 
Bulk Division
 
TORM expects that the dry bulk market in 2011 will be negatively impacted by the significant influx of new tonnage across segments. The freight rates are expected to remain volatile due to the tonnage influx and the dry bulk market's significant dependency on china coupled with the seasonal demand fluctuations.
 
TORM expects to expand its dry bulk business to become an integrated freight service provider to primarily industrial customers. A new approach where contracts of affreightments will be complemented by chartering in of tonnage.
 
E.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
F.
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
 
We have various contractual obligations and commercial commitments to make future payments including debt agreements, lease obligations and purchase commitments. The following table summarizes our future obligations under these contracts due by period as of December 31, 2010:
 
USD million
 
2011
   
2012
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
There-after
   
Total
 
Long-term debt (1)
    211.3       207.7       834.4       192.7       131.6       384.0       1,961.7  
Interest payments fixed by interest rate swaps (3)
    19.3       23.0       13.1       4.7       1.6       0.4       62.1  
Estimated variable interest payments (4)
    43.2       30.0       24.0       18.9       16.7       27.4       160.2  
Finance lease liabilities
    2.0       2.2       2.4       2.6       2.9       20.9       33.0  
Interest element finance lease
    2.9       2.7       2.5       2.3       2.0       2.8       15.2  
Chartered-in Vessels (incl. vessels not delivered) (Operating leases)
    269.2       237.8       191.1       164.4       116.6       158.3       1,137.4  
Newbuilding installments
(Purchase Obligations) (2)
    164.7       84.9       8.5       0.0       0.0       0.0       258.1  
Other operating leases
    6.9       6.7       6.5       4.9       1.5       1.7       28.2  
Total     719.5       595.0       1,082.5        390.5       272.9         595.5        3,655.9  
 
 
(1)
Debt payments could be accelerated upon violation of debt covenants. We are in compliance at December 31, 2010 and we believe the likelihood of a debt covenant violation is remote.

 
54

 


 
(2)
Debt financing will provide an estimated 60%-70% of the newbuilding installments.
 
(3)
Actual fixed rates according to interest rate swaps are used for the covered interest payments. Please refer to Item 11 for further information.
 
(4)
Variable interest payments are estimated based on a 3.0% net interest rate including margin.

Our Fleet – Illustrative Comparison of Possible Excess of Carrying Amounts Over Estimated Charter-Free Market Value of Certain Vessels
 
In "Item 5–Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments–Carrying Amounts of Vessels," we discuss our policy for impairing the carrying amounts of our vessels.  During the past few years, the market values of vessels have experienced particular volatility, with substantial declines in many vessel classes.  As a result, the charter-free market value, or basic market value, of certain of our vessels may have declined below the carrying amounts of those vessels, even though we would not impair those vessels' carrying amounts under our accounting impairment policy, due to our belief that the discounted future cash flows expected to be earned by such vessels over their operating lives would exceed such vessels' carrying amounts.

Our estimates of basic market value assume that our vessels are all in good and seaworthy condition without need for repair and if inspected would be certified in class without notations of any kind.  Our estimates are based on information available from various industry sources, including:
 
 
·
reports by industry analysts and data providers that focus on our industry and related dynamics affecting vessel values;
 
 
·
news and industry reports of similar vessel sales;
 
 
·
news and industry reports of sales of vessels that are not similar to our vessels where we have made certain adjustments in an attempt to derive information that can be used as part of our estimates;
 
 
·
approximate market values for our vessels or similar vessels that we have received from shipbrokers, whether solicited or unsolicited, or that shipbrokers have generally disseminated;
 
 
·
offers that we may have received from potential purchasers of our vessels; and
 
 
·
vessel sale prices and values of which we are aware through both formal and informal communications with shipowners, shipbrokers, industry analysts and various other shipping industry participants and observers.
 
As we obtain information from various industry and other sources, our estimates of basic market value are inherently uncertain.  In addition, vessel values are highly volatile; as such, our estimates may not be indicative of the current or future basic market value of our vessels or prices that we could achieve if we were to sell them.

The tables set forth below indicates (i) the carrying amount of each of our vessels as of December 31, 2010, and (ii) which of our vessels we believe has a basic charter-free market value that is lower than the vessel's carrying amount.
 


 
Dwt
Year
Purchased
Carrying Value (USD million)
 
Tanker Vessels
       
TORM HELENE
99,999
1997
23
*
TORM KRISTINA
105,001
1999
34
*
TORM GUDRUN
101,122
2000
33
*
TORM INGEBORG
99,999
2003
33
 
TORM VALBORG
99,999
2003
33
 



 
55

 

 
Dwt
Year
Purchased
Carrying Value (USD million)
 
TORM MARGRETHE
109,672
2006
34
 
TORM MARIE
109,672
2006
34
 
TORM MARGIT
109,672
2007
35
 
TORM METTE
109,672
2007
35
 
TORM MARINA
109,672
2007
54
*
TORM MARIANNE
110,000
2008
39
 
TORM MAREN
110,000
2008
56
*
TORM MATHILDE
110,000
2008
57
*
TORM SARA
72,718
2003
39
*
TORM ESTRID
74,999
2004
26
 
TORM EMILIE
74,999
2004
38
*
TORM ISMINI
74,999
2004
26
 
TORM SIGNE
72,718
2005
41
*
TORM SOFIA
72,718
2005
41
*
TORM VENTURE
74,999
2007
32
 
FAJA DE ORO II
44,999
1995
17
*
POTERO DEL LLANO II
47,165
1999
22
*
TORM GUNHILD
44,999
1999
17
 
TORM ANNE
44,990
1999
18
*
TORM NECHES
47,052
2000
38
*
TORM CLARA
45,999
2000
34
*
TORM CECILIE
44,946
2001
32
*
TORM AMAZON
47,275
2002
40
*
TORM SAN JACINTO
47,038
2002
40
*
TORM MARY
45,990
2002
19
 
TORM VITA
45,940
2002
19
 
TORM CAROLINE
44,946
2002
34
*
TORM GERTRUD
45,940
2002
20
 
TORM GERD
45,940
2002
21
 
TORM THYRA
45,990
2003
21
 
TORM FREYA
45,990
2003
21
 
TORM MOSELLE
47,024
2003
43
*
TORM ROSETTA
47,015
2003
42
*
TORM CAMILLA
44,990
2003
29
*
TORM CARINA
44,990
2003
29
*
TORM HORIZON
46,955
2004
45
*

 
56

 


 
Dwt
Year
Purchased
Carrying Value (USD million)
 
TORM HELVIG
44,990
2005
35
*
TORM RAGNHILD
44,990
2005
36
*
TORM THAMES
47,035
2005
48
*
TORM KANSAS
46,922
2006
47
*
TORM REPUBLICAN
46,893
2006
47
*
TORM PLATTE
46,920
2006
47
*
TORM LAURA
52,000
2008
43
*
TORM LENE
52,000
2008
43
*
TORM LOTTE
52,000
2009
43
*
TORM LOUISE
52,000
2009
44
*
TORM LILLY
52,000
2009
44
*
TORM LANA
52,000
2009
45
*
TORM ALICE
50,500
2010
46
*
TORM ASLAUG
50,500
2010
46
*
TORM ALEXANDRA
50,500
2010
46
*
TORM AGNETE
50,500
2010
46
*
TORM ALMENA
50,500
2010
46
*
TORM MADISON
35,828
2000
33
*
TORM TRINITY
35,834
2000
34
*
TORM RHONE
35,751
2000
33
*
TORM CHARENTE
35,751
2001
34
*
TORM OHIO
37,274
2001
34
*
TORM LOIRE
37,106
2004
41
*
TORM GARONNE
37,178
2004
41
*
TORM SAONE
37,106
2004
41
*
TORM FOX
37,006
2005
43
*
TORM TEVERE
36,990
2005
43
*
TORM GYDA
37,000
2009
47
*
         
Total Tanker
4,113,877
 
2.520
 
         
Drybulk Vessels
       
TORM ANHOLT
74,195
2004
19
 
TORM BORNHOLM
75,912
2004
21
 
 
Total Drybulk
150,107
 
40
 
         
TOTAL VESSELS
4,263,984
 
2,560
 

 
_______________________________
 
 
*
Indicates tanker vessels for which we believe, as of December 31, 2010, the basic charter-free market value is lower than the vessel's carrying amount.  We believe that the aggregate carrying amount of these vessels exceeds their aggregate basic charter-free market value by approximately $549 million.  The aggregate amount represents the approximate analysis of the amount by which we believe we would have to reduce our net income if we sold or held for sale all of such vessels in the current environment, on industry standard terms, in cash transactions, and to a willing buyer where we are not under any compulsion to sell, and where the buyer is not under any compulsion to buy.  For purposes of this calculation, we have assumed that the vessels would be sold at a price that reflects our estimate of their current basic market values. However, we are not holding our vessels for sale, except as otherwise noted in this report.
 
We evaluate the carrying amounts of the vessels to determine if events have occurred that would require a modification of their carrying amounts. The valuation of vessels is reviewed based on events and changes in circumstances that would indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recovered.  The review for potential impairment indicators and projection of future undiscounted and discounted cash flows related to the vessels is complex and requires us to make various estimates including future freight rates, earnings from the vessels and discount rates.  If the estimated future cash flow or related assumptions in the future experience change, an impairment of vessels may be required.  The underlying assumptions for the discounted cash flow calculations are presented in note 9 to the consolidated financial statements.  We refer you to the risk factor entitled "Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings" and the discussion herein under the headings "Item 4.B. Business Overview—Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2010 and the Year Ended December 31, 2009—Assessment of Impairment of Assets" and "Item 5—Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments—Carrying Amounts of Vessels".
 
In addition, TORM's newbuilding program, as of December 31, 2010, comprised six MR tankers and four bulk carriers to be delivered during 2011 to 2013.  We believe that, as of December 31, 2010, the aggregate of the carrying amount and the outstanding payments relating to the newbuilding contracts exceeds their aggregate market value by approximately $97 million.
 

Our Fleet – Illustrative Comparison of Possible Excess of Estimated Charter-Free Market Value Over Carrying Amounts of Certain Vessels
 
The table set forth below indicates each vessel in our Tanker Division and Bulk Division, for which we believe, as of December 31, 2010, the basic charter-free market value is higher than the vessel's carrying amount.
 


 
Dwt
Year
Purchased
Carrying Value (USD million)
Tanker Division
     
TORM INGEBORG
99,999
2003
33
TORM VALBORG
99,999
2003
33
TORM MARGRETHE
109,672
2006
34
TORM MARIE
109,672
2006
34
TORM MARGIT
109,672
2007
35
TORM METTE
109,672
2007
35


 
57

 

 
Dwt
Year
Purchased
Carrying Value (USD million)
TORM MARIANNE
110,000
2008
39
TORM ESTRID
74,999
2004
26
TORM ISMINI
74,999
2004
26
TORM VENTURE
74,999
2007
32
TORM GUNHILD
44,999
1999
17
TORM MARY
45,990
2002
19
TORM VITA
45,940
2002
19
TORM GERTRUD
45,940
2002
20
TORM GERD
45,940
2002
21
TORM THYRA
45,990
2003
21
TORM FREYA
45,990
2003
21
Total
1,294,472
 
465
       
Bulk Division
     
TORM ANHOLT
74,195
2004
19
TORM BORNHOLM
75,912
2004
21
Total
150,107
 
40
 
We believe that, as of December 31, 2010, the aggregate basic charter-free market value of the above listed vessels in our Tanker Division and Bulk Division exceeds their aggregate carrying amount by approximately $131 million and $33 million, respectively.  The aggregate amounts represent the approximate analysis of the amount by which we believe we would have to increase our net income if we sold all of such vessels in the current environment, on industry standard terms, in cash transactions, and to a willing buyer where we are not under any compulsion to sell, and where the buyer is not under any compulsion to buy.  For purposes of this calculation, we have assumed that the vessels would be sold at a price that reflects our estimate of their current basic market values.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are affected by the way we apply our accounting policies. An accounting estimate is considered critical if: (1) the estimate requires Management to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the estimate was made; (2) different estimates reasonably could have been used; or (3) if changes in the estimate that would have a material impact on the Group's financial condition or results of operations are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. Management believes that the accounting estimates employed are appropriate and the resulting balances are reasonable. However, actual results could differ from the original estimates requiring adjustments to these balances in future periods.
 
Management believes that the following are the significant accounting estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
 

 
58

 


 
Carrying Amounts of Vessels
 
The Group evaluates the carrying amounts of the vessels to determine if events have occurred that would require a modification of their carrying amounts. The valuation of vessels is reviewed based on events and changes in circumstances that would indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recovered. In assessing the recoverability of the vessels, the Group reviews certain indicators of potential impairment such as reported sale and purchase prices, market demand and general market conditions. Market valuations from leading, independent and internationally acknowledged shipbroking companies are obtained on a semi-annual basis as part of the review for potential impairment indicators. If an indication of impairment is identified, the need for recognizing an impairment loss is assessed by comparing the carrying amount of the vessels to the higher of the net selling price and the discounted future cash flows.
 
The review for potential impairment indicators and projection of future undiscounted and discounted cash flows related to the vessels is complex and requires the Group to make various estimates including future freight rates, earnings from the vessels and discount rates. All of these items have been historically volatile.
 
The carrying amounts of our vessels may not represent their fair market value at any point in time as market prices of secondhand vessels to a degree tend to fluctuate with changes in charter rates and the cost of newbuildings. However, if the estimated future cash flow or related assumptions in the future experience change, an impairment of vessels may be required.
 
There were no impairments of vessels in 2008, 2009 and 2010.
 
Tax
 
All significant Danish entities within the Group entered the Danish tonnage taxation scheme, which went into effect on January 1, 2001, and have filed tax returns for 2001 to 2008. The assessment of the tax returns by the tax authorities has not yet been completed for 2007 to 2008, and we have filed a complaint regarding the assessments for 2001 to 2005. The tax regulations are highly complex, and while the Group aims to ensure the estimates of tax assets and liabilities that it records are accurate, there may be instances where the process of agreeing the tax liabilities with the tax authorities could require adjustments to be made to estimates previously recorded.
 
It is the Group's assessment that there is significant uncertainty as to the estimate of taxes payable as of December 31, 2009 due to the lack of precedents that have interpreted the tonnage tax regulation. The estimate is based on scenario analyses and discussions with the tax authorities, tax advisors and industry organizations, and the uncertainty primarily relates to the division of the activities between income and expenses from shipping-related activities, which are taxed under the tonnage tax scheme, and income and expenses from other activities, which are not taxed under the tonnage tax scheme.
 
Changes in Accounting Policies
 
We have implemented the following standards and changes to standards in the annual report for 2010:
 
 
·
Revised IFRS 3 "Business Combinations" and consequential amendments to IAS 27, IAS 28 and IAS 31.
 
·
Amendments to IFRS 1 "First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards" relating to oil and gas assets and to limited exemptions from comparative IFRS 7 disclosures.
 
·
Amendment to IFRS 2 "Share-Based Payment" relating to group cash-settled share-based payments.
 
·
Amendments to IAS 39 "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement": "Eligible Hedged Items", "Reclassification of Financial Assets: Effective Date and Transition", and "Embedded Derivatives".

In addition, TORM implemented a number of smaller changes and clarifications issued by IASB during 2009 including changes to IFRS 2, IFRS 5, IFRS 8, IAS 1, IAS 7, IAS 17, IAS 38 and IAS 39.

 
59

 


The implementation of the standards and changes to standards did not affect TORM's accounting policies. However, future business combinations will be affected by the revised IFRS 3.

Accounting Standards and Interpretations Not Yet Adopted
 
 
IASB has issued the following interpretations and changes to standards which have not yet been adopted:
 
·
Amendment to IAS 24 "Related Party Disclosures" revising the definition of related parties. The amendment is not expected to affect TORM.
 
·
Amendment to IAS 32 "Financial Instruments: Presentation". The amendment is not expected to affect TORM.
 
·
IFRIC 19 "Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments". The interpretation is not expected to affect TORM.
 
·
A number of smaller changes and clarifications during 2010 as part of the improvement project, including changes to IFRS 1, IFRS 3, IFRS 7, IAS 1, IAS 27 and IAS 34.

We will implement these changes when they become effective in 2011 and 2012.

Furthermore, IASB has issued the following standards and changes to standards which become effective on or after 1 January 2011 but have not yet been adopted by the EU:
 
·
Amendments to IFRS 1 "First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards:  Severe Hyperinflation and Removal of Fixed Dates for First-time Adopters".
 
·
Amendment to IFRS 7 "Financial Instruments – Disclosures" relating to transfers of financial assets.
 
·
IFRS 9 "Financial Instruments - Classification and Measurement". The standard is the first phase in the replacement of IAS 39.
 
·
Amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes": "Deferred Tax: Recovery of Underlying Assets".

We expect that the implementation of these standards and changes to standards will not materially affect the Company's financial statements.
 
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
 
At the end of 2010 TORM sold two newbuild Kamsarmax dry bulk vessels and an older product tanker to their new owners.

TORM has in the second quarter of 2011 agreed to defer two MR newbuildings with delivery in 2012, which are deferred by eight months and two years respectively, so they are now expected to be delivered in the first quarter of 2013 and third quarter of 2014 respectively.

TORM has in the second quarter of 2011 entered into a sale and leaseback arrangement regarding the product tanker vessel TORM Margrethe. TORM will receive an upfront payment of USD 46 million and lease the vessel back for a 7 year period on a bareboat charter. The transaction will be treated as a sale with an accounting profit of USD 8 million.

TORM has in the second quarter of 2011 entered into a sale and leaseback arrangement regarding the product tanker vessel TORM Marie. TORM will receive an upfront payment of USD 46 million and lease the vessel back for a 7 year period on a bareboat charter. The transaction will be treated as a sale with an accounting profit of USD 7 million.

In April 2011 TORM announced plans to raise approximately USD 100 million of new share capital through a fully underwritten discounted rights issue. The rights issue is expected to be launched in the second half of 2011.

 
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G.
Safe harbor
 
Forward-looking information discussed in this Item 5 includes assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as "forward-looking statements." We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the differences can be material. Please see "Forward-Looking Statements" in this Report.
 
ITEM 6.
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
 
A.
Directors and senior management
 
Set forth below are the names, ages and positions of our directors and executive officers.
 
 
Name
 
 
Age
 
 
Position
 
Board of Directors:
   
Niels Erik Nielsen
63
Chairman of the Board
Christian Frigast
59
Deputy Chairman of the Board
Jesper Jarlbæk
55
Director
Niels Peter Abildgaard Nielsen
46
Director
Gabriel Panayotides
56
Director
Angelos Papoulias
56
Director
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos
55
Director
Rasmus Johannes Hoffman
34
Director
Kari Millum Gardarnar
59
Director
     
Management:
   
Jacob Meldgaard
42
Chief Executive Officer
Roland M. Andersen
43
Chief Financial Officer

Biographical information with respect to each of our directors and executives is set forth below.
 
Niels Erik Nielsen has been Chairman of our Board of Directors since April 25, 2002. Prior to that Mr. Nielsen was the Deputy Chairman of our Board of Directors from September 26, 2000. Mr. Nielsen is also a partner with the Danish law firm, Advokatfirma Lett. He is a member of the Company's remuneration committee and a member of the Board of Directors of several Danish companies, including Ambu A/S, Charles Christensen A/S, Danica-Elektronik A/S, Gammelrand Holding A/S, InterMail A/S, MK af 2010 A/S, Pele Holding A/S, P.O.A. Ejendomme A/S, Satair A/S, SCF-Technologies A/S and Weibel Scientific A/S. Mr. Nielsen holds a Master's of Law degree from the University of Copenhagen.
 
Christian Frigast has been a director of the Company since September 26, 2000 and Deputy Chairman since April 25, 2002. He is a member of the Audit Committee and remuneration committee. Mr. Frigast is the managing director of Axcel A/S, a Danish investment company. He also serves as a member of the Board of Directors of numerous companies including Axcel Management A/S, Noa Noa A/S, Pandora A/S and Royal Scandinavia A/S. Mr. Frigast holds a Master's of Science degree in Economy from the University of Copenhagen.
 
Jesper Jarlbaek has been a director of the Company since April 2009 and a member of the Audit Committee since May 2009. Mr. Jarlbaek serves as a member of the Board of Directors of numerous companies including Advis A/S and Cimber Sterling Group A/S. Mr. Jarlbaek is a State Authorized Public Accountant and holds a B.Sc. in accounting from Copenhagen Business School.
 

 
61

 


 
Niels Peter Abildgaard Nielsen has been a director of the Company since April 2007. Mr. Abildgaard is employed by the Company as Vice President of Global Operations and has been with the Company since 1987. He has been elected by the employees of the Company to our Board of Directors.
 
Gabriel Panayotides has been a director of the Company since September 2000 and a member of the remuneration committee since May 2009. Since February 1998, Mr. Panayotides has also been Chairman of the Board of Directors of Excel Maritime Ltd., a publicly-traded shipping company with shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Mr. Panayiotides has been engaged in the ownership and management of ocean going vessels since 1978. He sits on the Greek Committee of Classification Society Bureau Veritas and Lloyd's Register of Shipping. He holds a Bachelors degree from the Piraeus University of Economics.
 
Angelos Papoulias has been a director of the Company since April 2009. Mr. Papoulias has served as a director of Investments & Finance Ltd since 1989. He holds a degree of B.Sc. in mathematics/economics and a Master's degree in International Management.
 
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos has been a director of the Company since April 2006 and is a member of the remuneration committee. Mr. Zouvelos is General Manager of Beltest Shipping Company Ltd. in Cyprus, an investment holding company specializing in the shipping sector and the largest shareholder of TORM. Prior to that, Mr. Zouvelos served as a Financial Manager of Good Faith Shipping Co. from 2000 to 2004.  He holds a Master of Science degree in Quantitative Economics from the University of Stirling, Scotland, and has been engaged in the shipping industry since 1984.
 
Rasmus Johannes Hoffman has been a director of the Company since April 2011. Mr. Hoffmann is employed by the Company as Chief Engineer and has been with the Company since 2003. He has been elected by the employees of the Company to our Board of Directors.
 
Kari Millum Gardarnar has been a director of the Company since April 2011. Mr. Gardanar is employed by the Company as Master and has been with the Company from 1975 to 1986 and since 1990. He has been elected by the employees of the Company to our Board of Directors.
 
Jacob Meldgaard has been our Chief Executive Officer since April 1, 2010. Before this, Mr. Meldgaard served as Executive Vice President and member of the Executive Management in Dampskibsselskabet Norden A/S. Mr. Meldgaard holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree in international trade from Copenhagen Business School, Denmark and has attended the Advanced Management Program at Wharton Business School and Harvard Business School in the United States.
 
Roland M. Andersen is the Company's Chief Financial Officer. Before this, Mr. Andersen, served as Chief Financial Officer for the Danish mobile and broadband provider Sonofon | Cybercity. From 2000 to 2005, Mr. Andersen was the Chief Financial Officer of private, equity-owned Cybercity. Prior to 2000, he held positions with A.P. Møller-Maersk, the latest one as the Chief Financial Officer for A.P. Møller-Maersk Singapore. Mr. Andersen holds a M.Sc. in Corporate Finance and Marketing and has attended the Executive Program at London Business School.
 
The following individuals are no longer directors of the Company but served as directors of the Company during the 2010 year.
 
Lennart Arnold Johan Arrias has been a director of the Company since 2003. Mr. Arrias is employed by the Company as a Captain and has been with the Company since 1992. He has been elected by the employees of the Company to our Board of Directors.
 
Margrethe Bligaard has been a director of the Company since April 2007. Ms. Bligaard is employed by the Company as General Manager in the Tanker Division with responsibility for performance development and has been with the Company since 1989. She has been elected by the employees of the Company to our Board of Directors.
 

 
62

 


 
Bo Jagd has been a director of the Company since April 2008 and is a member of the Audit Committee. Mr. Jagd was Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Danish Ship Finance A/S from 1992 to April 2008. He also serves a board member in Mermaid Asset Management Fondsmæglerselskab A/S and Molslinien A/S. Prior to that he held senior positions in banking in Denmark, UK and Singapore. Mr. Jagd holds a degree in Business Finance from Copenhagen Business School and is a member of the Audit Committee. His Special competencies are in: finance, risk management, financial analysis, general management, corporate governance.
 
B.
Compensation
 
In 2010, we incurred compensation expenses of USD 0.9 million for the Board of Directors and USD 17.1 million for our executives including the value of expensed share-based compensation. We have not set aside any amounts to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits to our directors and executive officers. For a description of our stock option plan please refer to "Incentive scheme" below. The members of Management are, in the event of termination by the Company, entitled to a severance payment of up to 24 months' salary. The pension age for members of Management is 62.
 
C.
Board Practices
 
The members of our Board of Directors are elected for four-year terms. At the end of each term, they are eligible for re-election. The current Board members were elected at the annual general meeting in April 2007, except for Mr. Zouvelos who was reelected at the annual general meeting in April 2010, Bo Jagd who were elected in April 2008, and Jesper Jarlbæk and Angelos Papoulias who were elected in April 2009.  Our Board members will be eligible for re-election in 2011, except for Bo Jagd who will be eligible for re-election in 2012, and Jesper Jarlbæk and Angelos Papoulias who will be eligible for re-election in 2013. There are no service contracts between us and any of our directors providing for benefits upon termination of a director's election.
 
Committees of the Board of Directors
 
On July 31, 2005, we established the Audit Committee, which adopted an audit committee charter in compliance with Nasdaq's corporate governance rules, except for the exemptions noted below.  The Audit Committee is comprised of three independent members of our Board of Directors, and is responsible for reviewing our accounting controls and recommending to the Board of Directors the engagement of our outside auditors.  The members of the Audit Committee are Messrs. Christian Frigast and Bo Jagd.  In May 2009, the Board decided to expand the Audit Committee to comprise three independent members and Mr. Jesper Jarlbæk was elected. In addition, we have established a remuneration committee that is comprised of four independent members of our Board of Directors which are responsible for establishing executive officers' compensation and benefits.  The members of our compensation committee are Messrs. Niels Erik Nielsen, Christian Frigast and Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos. In May 2009, the Board decided to expand the remuneration committee to comprise four independent members and Mr. Gabriel Panayotides and was elected.
 

 
63

 

D.           Employees
 
The numbers of employees we employed, on average, for the previous three fiscal years, are as follows:
 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Land-based employees
                 
Denmark
    148       171       171  
Other
    147       141       137  
Total
    295       312       308  
Seafarers (officers)
    262       270       225  
Total employees
    557       582       533  
 
In 2008 approximately 98 of our employees were employed in administrative positions; this figure rose to 108 in 2009 and to 108 in 2010. The majority of the staff on vessels owned by our subsidiaries and associated companies are not employed by us.
 
E.           Share ownership
 
The following table sets forth information as of April 30, 2011 regarding the total amount of capital stock owned by our officers and directors on an individual basis:
 
Name
Position
 
Shares
(Nom. Hold.)
   
Share options (Nom. Hold.)
 
Niels Erik Nielsen
Chairman of the Board
    5,360       0  
Christian Frigast
Deputy Chairman of the Board
    5,704       0  
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos
Director
    100       0  
Niels Peter Abildgaard Nielsen
Director
    168       *  
Gabriel Panayotides
Director
    48,864       0  
Jesper Jarlbæk
Director
    11,750       0  
Angelos Papoulias
Director
    500       0  
Kari Millum Gardanar
Director
    492       *  
Rasmus Johannes Hoffmann
Director
    430       *  
Jacob Meldgaard
CEO
    100,000       336,034  
Roland M. Andersen
Chief Financial Officer
    10,449       465,989  
 
*      The person beneficially holds share options less than one percent of our common shares.
 
Incentive scheme
 
In 2010, a share option based incentive scheme was established for 39 employees including the executive Management, members of the management group and certain key employees. The Board of Directors is not included in the program. The program comprises share options only and aims at incentivizing the participants to seek to improve the results of the Company and thereby the value of the Company, i.e. the share price, to the mutual benefit of themselves and the shareholders of TORM.

 
64

 


The share options can be granted in 2010, 2011 and 2012, and each year the share options are granted at the discretion of the Board of Directors in accordance with criteria determined by the Board of Directors. The share options vest in connection with the publication of the annual report in the third calendar year following the grant. Vested share options may be exercised from the vesting date until the publication of the annual report in the sixth year from the grant.

In 2007, we created an incentive scheme for Management, all land-based employees and officers employed on permanent contracts (apart from trainees, apprentices and cadets) that are directly employed in TORM A/S. The Board of Directors is not included in the program. The program covers the financial years of 2007, 2008 and 2009. The participants have been granted a bonus as well as options to purchase shares in the Company with no cash settlement option.

The bonus will be awarded based on TORM achieving a calculated ROIC (Return on Invested Capital) in each financial year compared to each year's budgeted ROIC. 75% of the achieved bonus will be paid in cash and 25% in shares, which the employees will own provided that they are still employed by the Company after a period of two years (restricted shares). The number of restricted shares granted to the employee will depend on the market price for the TORM shares when TORM's annual report for the grant year is published. The individual employee's share of the bonus will be based partly on the individual's salary and partly on the evaluation of the individual's performance.

Of the share options, 50% are granted with a fixed exercise price (standard options) and 50% are granted with an exercise price that is determined ultimately with the publication of TORM's annual report after a three-year period, i.e. for the grant for 2007, in March 2010. The exercise price is determined by the relative development in TORM's share price in relation to a defined peer group (peer group options). If TORM shares perform relatively better than the peer group, the share options will have a value.

Please refer to Note 4 to the consolidated Financial Statements for further information.


ITEM 7.
MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
A.           Major shareholders.
 
Our capital stock is comprised of common shares, par value DKK 5 per share. Shareholders holding 5% or more of the total number of our outstanding shares are required to file information with the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. The following table sets forth information regarding the owners of 5% or more of our common shares as of April 30, 2010 according to announcements made to the Copenhagen Stock Exchange in accordance with Section 29 of the Danish Securities Trading Act. None of the shareholders have any special voting rights.

Name
 
Number of Shares
   
Percentage of Class
 
Beltest Shipping Company Ltd.
    23,456,100       32.2 %
Menfield Navigation Company Limited
    14,564,704       20.0 %
A/S Dampskibsselskabet TORM's Understøttelsesfond, Denmark
    4,556,880       6.3 %

Beltest and its parent company, Ryder Holdings Inc., have filed a Schedule 13D with the SEC. Menfield Navigation Company Limited acquired 14,564,704 shares, or 20.0% of our outstanding shares during 2003, 2004 and 2005. A/S Dampskibsselskabet TORM's Understøttelsesfond's has filed a Schedule 13G with the SEC and its shareholding percentage in TORM has not changed over the last four years.

Beltest Shipping Company Ltd., A/S Dampskibsselskabet TORM's Understøttelsesfond and Menfield Navigation Company Limited have given notices of their shareholdings to the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
 

 
65

 


 
B.           Related party transactions.
 
Niels Erik Nielsen, Chairman of the Board of Directors, was a practicing partner in the law firm Bech-Bruun until January 1, 2011. Other partners in Bech-Bruun have rendered legal assistance during the financial year as one of a number of law firms. The firm's fee of USD 0.4 million (2009: USD 0.3 million) is based upon the amount of time spent by the firm.
 
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos, member of the Board of Directors, is General Manager of Beltest Shipping Company Limited. TORM has during the year paid less than USD 0.1 million (2009: USD 4.9 million) to an entity owned by Beltest Shipping Company Limited under a time charter agreement involving one product tanker vessel. TORM has during the year served as commercial and technical manager for that product tanker for which TORM has received commissions and fees of USD 0.2 million (2009: 0.0 million).
 
Jesper Jarlbæk, member of the Board of Directors, is chairman of the Board of Directors in Basico Consulting A/S. TORM has used Basico Consulting A/S for consulting services in 2010 and paid USD 0.3 million (2009: USD 0.4 million) based upon the amount of time spent by the firm.
 
Angelos Papoulias, member of the Board of Directors, is director of Investments & Finance Ltd. TORM has used Investments & Finance Ltd. for consulting services in 2010 and paid USD 0.2 million (2009: USD 0.1 million) based upon the amount of time spent by the firm.
 
There have been no other transactions with such parties since January 1, 2010.
 
Executive Management remuneration is disclosed in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements.
 
C.           Interests of experts and counsel.
 
Not Applicable.
 
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
 
See Item 17.
 
DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION POLICY
 
Under Danish law, we are permitted to distribute dividends from our surplus capital. Any decision to distribute dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and must be approved by the shareholders at our annual general meeting.
 
There are no restrictions in our existing financing arrangements on our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.
 
B. Significant Changes.
 
Not Applicable.
 
ITEM 9.
THE OFFER AND LISTING
 
A.           Offer and Listing Details.
 
Our common shares currently trade on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. The tables below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing sale price in Danish Kroner and the average daily trading volume for our shares on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. Although we have provided the average daily trading volume of our shares for the periods indicated, the trading volume of our shares on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange is extremely volatile and daily trading ranges from none to several thousand shares.
 

 
66

 


 
The average daily trading volume may not be indicative of actual trading volumes and liquidity. Please also refer to "Risk Factors - There may be no active public market for you to resell our ADSs." For the previous five full years:
 
   
2006
   
2007
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Low (DKK)
    116.50       172.00       55.00       42.70       34.70  
High (DKK)
    201.75       239.75       183.00       72.00       67.50  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    327,508       306,668       223,943       207,464       201,259  
The offer and listing details are adjusted in accordance with the stock split as of May 23, 2007.
 
For the previous two full years and subsequent periods, by quarter:
 
2009
 
1st quarter
   
2nd quarter
   
3rd quarter
   
4th quarter
 
Low (DKK)
    42.80       42.70       47.10       48.90  
High (DKK)
    72.00       62.00       56.50       56.00  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    161,869       252,122       211,709       203,191  
                                 
2010
 
1st quarter
   
2nd quarter
   
3rd quarter
   
4th quarter
 
Low (DKK)
    51.00       42.20       39.92       34.70  
High (DKK)
    67.50       64.50       49.03       43.19  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    270,880       231,078       121,880       188,890  
 
For the previous six months:
 
   
December
   
January
   
February
   
March
   
April
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2011
   
2011
   
2011
 
Low (DKK)
    36.20       38.51       36.62       27.85       29.00  
High (DKK)
    43.01       42.50       39.62       38.80       32.83  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    235,339       140,696       79,128       250,801       107,562  

 

B.           Plan of Distribution
 
Not Applicable.

 
67

 


C.           Markets.
 
Our common shares are currently trading on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. Our ADSs, each representing one common share, are listed on the Nasdaq National Market under the abbreviation "TRMD." The tables below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing sale price in U.S. Dollars and the average daily trading volume for our shares on the Nasdaq National Market. Trading on the Nasdaq National Market commenced on April 16, 2002. Although we have provided the average daily trading volume of our shares for the periods indicated, the trading volume of our shares on the Nasdaq National Market is extremely volatile and daily trading ranges from none to several thousand shares.
 
   
2006
   
2007
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Low (USD)
    19.34       30.98       9.73       7.75       5.98  
High (USD)
    36.20       45.65       37.25       12.87       13.50  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    6,274       14,506       31,699       22,189       16,692  
 
The offer and listing details are adjusted in accordance with the share stock in May 2007.
 
For the previous two full years and subsequent periods, by quarter:
 
2009
 
1st quarter
   
2nd quarter
   
3rd quarter
   
4th quarter
 
Low (USD)
    7.75       7.79       9.12       9.71  
High (USD)
    12.87       11.80       10.90       11.32  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    26,670       29,549       24,914       21,667  
2010
 
1st quarter
   
2nd quarter
   
3rd quarter
   
4th quarter
 
Low (USD)
    9.85       7.04       6.85       5.98  
High (USD)
    13.50       11.47       8.31       7.99  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    16,692       23,914       8,476       13,122  
 
For each of the previous six months:
 
   
December
   
January
   
February
   
March
   
April
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2011
   
2011
   
2011
 
Low (USD)
    6.36       6.94       6.71       4.82       5.47  
High (USD)
    7.65       7.69       7.31       7.17       6.49  
Average Daily Volume (No)
    14,111       8,549       6,845       25,787       5,701  
 

 

 
68

 

 

 
D.           Selling Shareholders
 
Not Applicable.
 
E.           Dilution
 
Not Applicable.
 
F.           Expenses of the Issue
 
Not Applicable.
 
ITEM 10.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
 
A.           Share capital.
 
Not Applicable.
 
B.           Memorandum and Articles of Association.
 
This section summarizes the material provisions of our Articles of Association, including rights of holders of our shares. The description is only a summary and does not describe everything that our Articles of Association contain. A copy of our Articles of Association was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on a Form 6-K filed on April 15, 2011 as Exhibit 3.1.
 
Our Articles of Association provide that our principal objectives are
 
 
·
to carry out business within shipping, chartering and other transport services;
 
 
·
to make investments, including in real estate; and
 
 
·
to carry on such other business as determined by the Board of Directors to be consistent with such objectives.
 
The Rules of Procedure that govern our Board of Directors prohibit a director from participating in the consideration of business regarding agreements in which the director is a participant or in which the director has a material interest. Any agreements between us and a director or between us and a third party in which a director has an interest must be approved by the Board of Directors. The Rules of Procedure also provide that a director shall retire at the first general meeting following the director's 65th birthday.
 
Our Articles of Association also contain the following provisions:
 
 
·
our Board of Directors shall receive a fixed stipend, which shall be set by the Board of Directors and approved by the shareholders during the annual general meeting;
 
 
·
any dividend payable to a shareholder which remains unclaimed after three years shall accrue to us;
 
 
·
each common share shall have the right to one vote;
 
 
·
directors are elected for one-year terms, after which they are entitled to be re-elected;
 
 
·
there are no redemption rights; and
 
 
·
generally, proposals to amend our Articles of Association or to dissolve or merge with another company require the approval of at least 2/3 of all votes cast at a meeting at which 3/5 of the outstanding share capital is present, unless the resolution was proposed by the Board of Directors, in which case a simple majority of the votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum consisting of 1/3 of the outstanding shares is present is required.
 

 
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With regard to general and special meetings, the Articles of Association provide that:
 
 
·
special meetings can be convened by the Board of Directors and the auditors at any time with a notice of no more than five weeks and no less than three weeks;
 
 
·
holders of at least 5% of our share capital can request special meetings by submitting a written request to the Board of Directors, which then has 14 days to convene a meeting;
 
 
·
shareholders desiring to attend the general meeting must obtain an admission card from us at least three days prior to the meeting;
 
 
·
admission cards are issued to any such person who according to the register of shareholders is registered as a shareholder on the record date or who has duly reported his shareholding to us as at the record date for purposes of entry in the register of shareholders;
 
 
·
proposals by shareholders must be submitted in writing to the Board of Directors six weeks before the general meeting in order to be considered at the annual general meeting.
 

 
DANISH LAW CONSIDERATIONS
 
Under Danish law, shareholders are not permitted to approve corporate matters by written consent in lieu of general or special meetings. All shareholders have access to corporate records filed by each company with the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency. These corporate records include the articles of association and the annual accounts/financial statements. Each company is also required to keep a share register, but shareholders do not have access to it.
 
Danish law permits companies to adopt cumulative voting provisions and staggered terms for our board of directors, but we have not adopted such provisions. Danish law also prohibits companies from adopting "poison pill" measures that could prevent a takeover attempt by discriminating against a shareholder or a group of shareholders.
 
C.           Material contracts.
 
The following is a summary of our material contracts. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the actual documents, which govern the transactions we describe.
 
NEWBUILDING CONTRACTS
 
As per April 30, 2011, we have two contracts with Tsuneishi Zhoushan Shipyard, China, each for the construction of a Kamsarmax 82,100 dwt bulk carrier. Delivery of the bulk carriers is scheduled between December 2012 and January 2013. We have four contracts with Guangzhou Shipyard, China, each for the construction of a 52,500 dwt MR product tanker, which are scheduled for delivery between November 2011 and May 2014.
 
LOAN AGREEMENTS AND CREDIT FACILITIES
 
On December 10, 2004, the Company has entered into a USD 570.0 million revolving credit facility with Danske Bank A/S and Danish Ship Finance to assist in the financing of 20 vessels in the TORM fleet. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted to Danske Bank and Danish Ship Finance a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the 20 vessels. The loan is due to be repaid in 2014. Since April 2008 Danish Ship Finance has been the single lender and mortgagee of this credit facility.

On December 14, 2004, the Company entered into a USD 161.3 million credit facility with Import Export Bank of China to assist in the financing of five newbuildings. The interest rate is fixed based upon CIRR-rate. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted to Nordea Bank Denmark and DVB Bank, who act as guarantors towards Import Export Bank of China for us, a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the five vessels. The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.

 
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On December 23, 2005, TORM Singapore Pte. Ltd., a company wholly owned by TORM, entered into a USD 237.0 million loan agreement with The Hong Kong And Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited to assist in the financing of seven vessels in the TORM fleet. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted to The Hong Kong And Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the seven vessels.  The loan is due to be repaid in 2015.

On December 22, 2006, the Company entered into a USD 500.0 million revolving credit facility with Nordea Bank Denmark A/S, Deutsche Bank AG, HSH Nordbank AG and Handelsbanken to assist in the financing of future vessels. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the relevant vessels. The loan is due to be repaid in 2016.

On April 8, 2008, TORM Singapore Pte. Ltd., a company wholly owned by TORM, entered into a USD 150.0 million loan agreement with DBS Bank Ltd and Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG to assist in the financing of three vessels in the TORM fleet. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the three vessels.  The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.

On April 14, 2008, the Company entered into a USD 900.0 million revolving credit facility with Danske Bank A/S, HSH Nordbank AG, BNP Paribas and Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB to assist in the financing of vessels previously owned by OMI and of future vessels. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the relevant vessels. The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.

On November 27, 2009, the Company entered into a USD 167.3 million credit facility with Société Générale, Bank of China Limited and Sinosure  to assist in the financing of six newbuildings. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the six vessels.  The loan has an 10 year tenor and is due to be repaid between 2020 and 2022.

On February 1, 2010, the Company entered into a USD 170.0 million credit facility with Import Export Bank of China to assist in the financing of six newbuildings. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the six vessels.  The loan has an 8 year tenor and is due to be repaid between 2018 and 2020.

On December 20, 2010, TSK 065 Pte. Ltd. and TSK 066 Pte. Ltd., companies wholly owned by TORM Singapore Pte. Ltd, entered into a USD 58.8 million credit facility with China Construction Bank and Sinosure to assist in the financing of two newbuildings. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR. As security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted a first priority mortgage, registered over and against the two vessels.  The loan has a 10 year tenor and is due to be repaid between 2022 and 2023.
 
D.           Exchange controls.
 
None.
 
E.           Taxation.
 
The following discussion is a summary of the material Danish and U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment decision by a U.S. Holder and a Non-U.S. Holder, as defined below, in our American Depository Shares, or ADSs, as evidenced by American Depository Receipts. This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning ADSs to all categories of investors, some of which, such as dealers in securities and investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, may be subject to special rules. You are encouraged to consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under U.S. federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership of ADSs.
 

 
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DANISH TAX CONSIDERATIONS
 
In the following we have summarized the general rules on taxation on dividend from TORM to its shareholders. The purpose of the summary is an overall information only and does not aim at constituting tax advice.
 
Shareholders fully taxable to Denmark
 
Individual shareholders with a domicile in Denmark or who have stayed in Denmark for at least 6 months and companies registered in Denmark or companies of which the effective place of management takes place in Denmark normally qualifies to be fully taxable to Denmark.
 
Individual shareholders
 
Dividends paid to individuals are taxed as share income. Individual shareholders are taxed of received dividend with 28% of an amount up to DKK 48,300 and 42% of the amount exceeding DKK 48,300. In both cases the threshold doubles, i.e. to DKK 96,600 for married couples living together by the end of the income year. The threshold is adjusted on a yearly basis and includes all dividends and gains on shares received in a year.
 
The said amounts include all share income for the individual or couple in the income year.
 
At the time of the payment of the dividend, TORM normally withhold 28% dividend tax.
 
Corporate shareholders
 
Regardless of the owner period, companies which own at least 10% of TORM can receive dividend tax exempt. Companies which own less than 10% are taxed of the dividend with 25%.
 
Special rules apply to certain holding companies to prevent avoidance of the 10 percent requirement. These rules are not elaborated on.
 
Shareholders not fully taxable to Denmark
 
In connection with dividend distributed from TORM to an individual or a company resident abroad, withholding tax is normally levied with 28%. If Denmark has concluded a Tax Treaty with the state of which the shareholder is resident the shareholder may reclaim the withholding tax which exceeds the withholding tax Denmark is entitled to withhold according to the Tax Treaty. The reclaim should be made to the Danish tax authorities by using a special form which must be certified by the shareholders local tax authorities.   
 
Individual shareholders – special rules
 
With regard to individual shareholders resident of United States, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, Canada, Germany, the Benelux countries, Ireland, Switzerland and Greece, withholding tax to Denmark may only be withheld with the rate applicable according to the relevant Tax Treaty, i.e. normally 15%. It is a condition that the shares are registered with the VP Securities Services through a deposit account in a Danish bank. In order to receive these benefits, the individual shareholder must provide the Danish tax authorities with a certification from the local tax authorities of the individual shareholder's residency and tax liability.
 
Corporate shareholders
 
Foreign companies are tax exempt of dividend from TORM, when they own at least 10% of TORM, are resident of the EU/EEA or resident of a state which has a Tax Treaty with Denmark according to which the dividend tax is waived or decreased. A foreign company resident of a state outside EU/EEA and which does not have a Tax Treaty with Denmark are also tax exempt of dividend from TORM, if the foreign company has decisive influence in TORM.
 

 
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If the foreign company owns less than 10% of TORM, TORM must withhold dividend tax with 28%. It is possible to request the withholding tax to be withheld with 15%, if the foreign receiving company is resident in a state, which must exchange information with the Danish tax authorities according to a Tax Treaty or another agreement. If the withheld tax according to the Tax Treaty amounts to less than 15%, it may be possible to obtain that withholding tax rate.   
 
It is a condition that the receiving company is the beneficial owner of the dividend. If this is not the case, withholding tax may apply due to Danish anti-avoidance rules.
 
If the shares can be allocated to a permanent establishment in Denmark, dividend from these shares are taxed as mentioned above under corporate shareholders fully taxable to Denmark.
 
Danish Tonnage Taxation Scheme
 
On February 6, 2002, the Danish Government proposed a bill regarding Tonnage Taxation, which was enacted on April 18, 2002. According to the new Tonnage Taxation Act, taxable income will no longer be calculated as the difference between taxable income and deductible expenses as under the normal corporate taxation. Instead, taxable income is calculated with reference to the tonnage used by the Company during the year. The legislation was implemented retroactively from January 1, 2001 and in connection with the submission of the tax return for 2001 the Company decided to enter the tonnage taxation scheme with effect from January 1, 2001.
 
The election is binding for a ten-year period and, accordingly, we will be covered by the tonnage tax system at least until 2010. A re-election of a new tonnage tax period (2011 – 2020) should have been made no later than June 30, 2010, corresponding to the deadline of the filing of the 2010 statement of joint taxation. However, since TORM, as of June 1, 2007, became consolidated with a number of companies which at the time of consolidation conducted shipping business, the ten-year period was expanded up to and inclusive of 2016. Hence the need of a re-election will be postponed until 2016.
 
Taxable income under the tonnage tax system is calculated using fixed rates per 100 net tons per day for the vessels. When calculating taxable income according to the tonnage tax system, no deductions or depreciation charges are allowed.
 
Previously it was uncertain whether activities in relation to management of pools of vessels owned by other shipping companies should or should not be taxed according to the tonnage tax system. EU has not approved that fees received for pool management are eligible for tonnage taxation under the conditions set and in 2009 Denmark decided not to try further on this. Hence activities in relation to management of pools are taxed in accordance with the ordinary Danish corporate tax legislation. Special rules apply in relation to the treatment of financial income/expenses.
 
The taxable income for a Company for a given period is calculated as the sum of the taxable income under the tonnage tax system and the taxable income computed according to the ordinary Danish corporate tax system. The taxable income is taxed at the normal corporate tax rate (presently 25%). The taxable income may be offset by tax losses carried forward following the normal Danish Tax rules.
 
Capital gains in connection with the sale of vessels – calculated for each vessel as the difference between the sales price and the acquisition price plus expenses incurred for improvement of the vessel – are tax exempt. Capital gains in connection with the sale of vessels acquired prior to January 1, 2007 are taxed in accordance with the normal tax legislation.
 
Generally, recaptured depreciation should be taken into income. However, such taxation may be deferred if new vessels are contracted within certain time limits.
 
In this respect, when converting to the tonnage tax system, the existing vessels are transferred to a transition account at their tax value. Any costs relating to improvements of these vessels are added to this account. Vessels acquired after transferring (January 1, 2001) to the tonnage tax system are booked on a special netting account. Costs relating to improvement of these vessels are added to the netting account. If a vessel is sold, the smaller amount of the sales price and the actual acquisition price plus expenses for improvements shall reduce the transition account (if the ships were acquired prior to entering the tonnage tax system) or netting account (if the ships were acquired after entering the tonnage tax system).
 

 
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The transition and netting accounts are reduced annually by a depreciation rate of 12%. If the transition account is negative and at the same time the netting account is positive, the reduction is made on the basis of the net amount.
 
If the shipping company's transition account becomes negative, the negative amount shall be included in the taxable income unless the negative amount is fully or partially neutralized by a positive amount on the netting account plus contracted newbuilding tonnage which shall be delivered within a maximum of three years.
 
In accordance with Danish accounting principles, the provision for deferred tax that existed at the date of enactment was released to income in 2002, which was in accordance with shipping industry practice in Denmark. However, TORM changed its accounting policies in 2005 to comply with IFRS and in order to align the accounting under IFRS deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2010, the Company carried a deferred tax liability of USD 54 million in the balance sheet. The 2010 income tax has preliminarily been estimated to USD 1.3 million. 
 
Prior to 2010 a complaint regarding the assessment for 2001 to 2005 was filed under the National Tax Tribunal. In July 2009 the National Tax Tribunal recommended their view on the years 2001 – 2004. As 2005 consist of the same issues we expect the 2005 tax assessments to be recommended in the same way. The main difference between the assessment of the Danish tax authorities and the National Tax Tribunal is that the National Tax Tribunal considers a share portfolio to qualify as assets which are not part of the Tonnage Tax Regime. Due to the recommendations TORM decided during 2010 to revoke the cases.
 
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
 
The following are the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to us with regard to our operations and to U.S. Holders and Non-U.S. Holders, each as defined below, with regard to the ownership of our ADSs. The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax matters is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to as the "Code," judicial decisions, administrative pronouncements, and existing and proposed regulations issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, which we refer to as the "Treasury Regulations," all as they exist on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, the discussion is based, in part, on the description of our business in this Annual Report and assumes that we conduct our business as described herein.
 
References in the following discussion to "we," "us," "our" and "TORM" are to TORM A/S and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. For purposes of the discussion below, U.S. Holders and Non-U.S. Holders of ADSs generally will be treated as the owners of the common shares of TORM represented by the ADSs.  In the following discussion, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service is referred to as the "IRS."
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation Of Our Company
 
We anticipate that substantially all of our gross income will be derived from the use and operation of vessels in international commerce and that this income will principally consist of freights from the transportation of cargoes, hire or lease income from voyage, time or bareboat charters and the performance of services directly related thereto, which we refer to as "shipping income." Unless exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Section 883 of the Code or under Article 8 of the U.S.-Denmark Income Tax Treaty, we will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, in the manner discussed below, to the extent our shipping income is considered for U.S. federal income tax purposes to be derived from sources within the United States.
 
Shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States will be considered for U.S. federal income tax purposes to be 50% derived from sources within the United States. Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States will be considered to be 100% derived from sources within the United States. We are not permitted by law to engage in transportation that gives rise to 100% U.S. source shipping income.
 

 
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Shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-U.S. ports will be considered to be 100% derived from sources outside the United States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States will not be subject to any U.S. federal income tax.
 
 Exemption Under Section 883 of the Code
 
Under Section 883 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, or "Section 883," TORM and each subsidiary that derives U.S. source shipping income will qualify for exemption from U.S. federal income tax under Section 883 in respect of such shipping income if, in relevant part:
 
 
·
TORM and each subsidiary is organized in a "qualified foreign country" which, as defined, is a foreign country that grants an equivalent exemption from tax to corporations organized in the United States in respect of the shipping income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, which we refer to as the "country of organization requirement"; and
 
 
·
more than 50% of the value of the stock of TORM and each subsidiary is owned, directly or indirectly, by individuals who are "residents" of qualified foreign countries, or "qualified shareholders" which we refer to as the "ownership requirement."
 
Since the IRS has recognized Denmark, the country of incorporation of TORM, and each of the countries of incorporation of TORM's subsidiaries as a qualified foreign country in respect of the shipping income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, TORM and each subsidiary satisfy the country of organization requirement.
 
In respect of the ownership requirement, Section 883 provides a special publicly-traded rule applicable to both TORM and its subsidiaries. In the case of TORM, it will be exempted from having to satisfy the ownership requirement if its stock is considered to be "primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market" located in its country of organization, Denmark, in another qualified foreign country or in the United States, which we refer to as the "publicly-traded test." Furthermore, if TORM satisfies the publicly-traded test, TORM will be deemed to be a "qualified shareholder" with respect to each of the subsidiaries for purposes of the ownership requirement, and consequently each of the subsidiaries will satisfy the ownership requirement.
 
The Treasury Regulations provide, in pertinent part, that stock of a foreign corporation will be considered to be "primarily traded" on an established securities market if the number of shares that are traded during any taxable year on that market exceeds the number of shares traded during that year on any other established securities market.  At present, the sole class of TORM's stock that is issued and outstanding is its common stock, which is listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange, or "CSE," an established securities market in Denmark. TORM's common stock, as represented by its ADSs (each representing one share of common stock), is also listed on the NASDAQ National Market, or the "NASDAQ," which is an established securities market in the United States. However, since TORM's common stock as represented by ADSs began trading on the NASDAQ on April 17, 2002, that trading activity has represented less than 10% of the common shares traded on the CSE. For the foreseeable future, TORM has no reason to expect that more common shares will not continue to be traded on the CSE than on the NASDAQ and, therefore, the analysis below proceeds on the premise that its common shares are "primarily traded" on the CSE.
 
The Final Regulations provide further that stock of a foreign corporation will be considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market only if: (i) more than 50% of the stock of the corporation is listed on such market, (ii) such stock is traded on such market, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 60 days during the taxable year, and (iii) the aggregate number of shares of such stock traded on such market is at least 10% of the average number of shares of such stock outstanding during such year.  For 2010, TORM's common shares satisfied these "regularly traded" tests.  Furthermore, TORM has no reason to believe that this will not continue to be the case notwithstanding the ADS listing on the NASDAQ.
 

 
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Treasury Regulations provide, in pertinent part, that the stock of a foreign corporation will not be considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market for any taxable year in which 50% or more of the outstanding shares of such stock are owned, within the meaning of the Treasury Regulations, on more than half the days during such taxable year by persons who each own 5% or more of the outstanding shares of such stock, which persons we refer to as "5% shareholders" and rule as the "5% override rule."
 
In the event the 5% override rule is triggered with respect to any taxable year, the Treasury Regulations provide that the 5% override rule will nevertheless not apply for such year if the foreign corporation can establish that among the closely-held group of 5% shareholders, which we refer to as the "5% closely-held group," there are sufficient 5% shareholders that are considered to be qualified shareholders for purposes of Section 883 to preclude non-qualified 5% shareholders in the 5% closely-held group from owning 50% or more of the corporation's stock for more than half the number of days during such year, which we refer to as the "5% closely-held group exception."
 
In order to determine the persons who are 5% shareholders, we are permitted to rely on Schedule 13G and Schedule 13D filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Based on its shareholdings during 2010, TORM believes it was subject to the 5% override rule during the 2010 taxable year. To the extent the 5% override rule applies, TORM believes that it qualifies for the 5% closely-held group exception. However, to benefit from this exception, TORM must obtain from one or more of its 5% shareholders, and from each entity in the chain of ownership between such shareholder and TORM, ownership statements required by the Treasury Regulations to support such shareholder's status as a qualified shareholder for purposes of Section 883 for more than half the days during the 2010 taxable year. If such ownership statements are obtained, TORM will be able to establish that the percentage ownership of TORM common shares owned by such qualified  5% shareholders for such period is such that the common share percentage owned by the remaining shareholders in the 5% closely-held group for such period falls below the 50% ownership threshold.  However, as of the date of this Annual Report, TORM has not obtained the ownership statements described above and there is no certainty that TORM will be able to do so.
 
If the above ownership statement is obtained, TORM and each subsidiary will be eligible to claim exemption from U.S. federal income tax under Section 883 on their U.S. source shipping income earned during 2010.  However, if TORM is unable to obtain ownership statements from its 5% shareholders to establish that TORM and each subsidiary are not subject to the 5% override rule for 2010, then TORM and certain of its subsidiaries may not qualify for exemption under Section 883 and could be subject to U.S. federal income tax on their U.S. source shipping income unless they qualify for the benefits of the U.S.-Denmark Income Tax Treaty, as described in more detail below.
 
Exemption Under the U.S.-Denmark Income Tax Treaty
 
Without regard to Section 883, we believe that TORM and each Danish subsidiary would qualify for exemption from U.S. federal income tax under Article 8 (Shipping and Air Transport) of the U.S.-Denmark Income Tax Treaty, which we refer to as the "Treaty."  TORM's non-Danish subsidiaries that earn U.S. source shipping income do not qualify for the benefits of the Treaty. Torm Singapore executed an election to be treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal tax purposes effective January 1, 2008, and is not filing any income tax return in United States.
 
Under Article 8 of the Treaty, TORM and each of its Danish subsidiaries and each of its non-Danish subsidiaries that is treated as a "resident" of Denmark within the meaning of the Treaty, collectively, the "Danish subsidiaries," is exempt from U.S. federal income tax on the profits derived from the operation of ships in international traffic. As defined, profits from the "operation of ships" include profits derived from: (i) time or voyage charters, (ii) the inland transport of property within the United States undertaken as part of international traffic, (iii) bareboat charters if the lessee operates the vessel in international traffic, and (iv) the use, maintenance or rental of containers used in international traffic. All of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM and its Danish subsidiaries falls within the scope of the exemption provided by Article 8 of the Treaty.
 

 
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The Treaty conditions the eligibility of TORM and its Danish subsidiaries to claim exemption under Article 8 of the Treaty upon, among other things, TORM satisfying the publicly traded rule of the "treaty shopping" provisions of Article 22 (Limitation of Benefits) of the Treaty.  The publicly traded rule provides that a Danish corporation such as TORM, as well as its 50% Danish subsidiaries that derive U.S. source shipping income, will be entitled to the benefits of the Treaty if (i) TORM's principal class of shares is "regularly traded" on one or more "recognized stock exchanges" and (ii) either its principal class of shares is "primarily traded" on a "recognized stock exchange" located in Denmark or its primary place of management and control is in Denmark.  The term "recognized stock exchange" includes the CSE and the NASDAQ. A class of shares is considered to be "regularly traded" if (i) trades in such class are effected on one or more recognized stock exchanges other than in de minimis quantities during every quarter, and (ii) the aggregate number of shares of that class traded during the previous taxable year is at least 6% of the average number of shares outstanding in that class during that taxable year.  A class of shares is considered to be "primarily traded" on a recognized stock exchange located in Denmark if the number of shares in such class that are traded during the taxable year on such exchange exceeds the number of shares of such class that are traded during that year on recognized stock exchanges in any other single country.
 
The common shares, which constitute TORM's sole class of stock, are currently listed on the CSE, a recognized stock exchange within the meaning of the Treaty.  Based on their recent trading history on the CSE over the past three years, the common shares are both "regularly traded" and "primarily traded" on the CSE for purposes of the Treaty. Therefore, TORM currently satisfies the publicly traded rule of Article 22 of the Treaty.  Although we cannot give any assurances, we have every expectation that the trading volume and trading frequency of TORM's common shares on the CSE will continue to match or exceed recent trading history.
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation in Absence Section 883 or Treaty Exemption
 
4% Gross Basis Tax Regime. To the extent the benefits of Section 883 or the Treaty are unavailable, the U.S. source shipping income of TORM and its subsidiaries which is not considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as discussed below, would be subject to a 4% U.S. federal income tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without the benefit of deductions, which we refer to as the "2% gross basis tax regime."  Since under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of our shipping income would be treated as derived from U.S. sources, the maximum effective rate of U.S. federal income tax on our shipping income should never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.
 
Net Basis and Branch Tax Regime. To the extent the benefits of Section 883 or the Treaty are unavailable and the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or its subsidiaries is considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as discussed below, any such "effectively connected" U.S. source shipping income, net of applicable deductions, would be subject to the U.S. federal income tax currently imposed at graduated corporate rates of up to 35%, or the "net basis tax regime." In addition, TORM and its subsidiaries may be subject to the U.S. federal branch profits tax, at a rate of 30% or such lower rate as may be provided by an applicable U.S. income tax treaty, on earnings "effectively connected" with the conduct of such U.S. trade or business, as determined after allowance for certain adjustments, and on certain interest paid or deemed paid attributable to the conduct of their U.S. trade or business, or the "branch tax regime."
 
The U.S. source shipping income of TORM or any subsidiary will be considered "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business only if:
 
 
·
TORM or such subsidiary has, or is considered to have, a fixed place of business in the United States involved in the earning of shipping income; and
 
 
·
substantially all of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or such subsidiary is attributable to regularly scheduled transportation, such as the operation of a vessel that follows a published schedule with repeated sailings at regular intervals between the same points for voyages that begin or end in the United States.
 
We do not intend to have, or permit circumstances that would result in having, substantially all of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or its subsidiaries be attributable to regularly scheduled transportation. Based on the foregoing and on the expected mode of our shipping operations, we believe that none of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or any subsidiary will be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business.
 

 
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Gain on Sale of Vessels. To the extent any of our vessels makes more than an occasional voyage to U.S. ports, TORM or its subsidiaries may be considered for U.S. federal income tax purposes to be engaged in the conduct of a U.S. trade or business. As a result, except to the extent the gain on the sale of a vessel is incidental to the shipping income of TORM or its subsidiaries that is exempt under either Section 883 or the Treaty, any U.S. source gain derived by TORM or its subsidiaries on the sale of a vessel may be partly or wholly subject to U.S. federal income tax as income "effectively connected" with a U.S. trade or business (determined under rules different from those discussed above) under the net basis and branch tax regime described above. However, we intend to structure sales of our vessels in such a manner, including effecting the sale and delivery of vessels outside of the United States, so as to not give rise to U.S. source gain.
 
State and Local Taxation
 
TORM, because of its presence in United States in the State of Connecticut, has filed a Connecticut state income tax return for the year 2009 and paid a tax of USD 250.
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation of "U.S. Holders"
 
As used herein, the term "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of an ADS that (i) is a U.S. citizen or resident, a U.S. corporation or other U.S. entity taxable as a corporation, an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, and (ii) owns the ADSs as a capital asset, generally, for investment purposes.
 
If a partnership holds our ADSs, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding our ADSs, you are encouraged to consult your own tax advisor on this issue.
 
Distributions. Subject to the discussion of passive foreign investment companies below, any distributions made by the ADS depository agent, or the "depository," with respect to our ADSs to a U.S. Holder will generally constitute dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles.
 
Dividends paid with respect to our ADSs to a U.S. Holder that is an individual, trust or estate, which we refer to as a "U.S. Individual Holder," may be eligible for preferential U.S. federal income tax rates (through 2012) provided that (1) we are a "qualified foreign corporation," (2) the U.S. Individual Holder has owned our ADSs for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which our common shares become ex-dividend, (3) we are not a passive foreign investment company for the taxable year of the dividend or the immediately preceding taxable year (which we do not believe we are, have been or will be), and (4) the U.S. Individual Holder is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property.
 
We will be treated as a "qualified foreign corporation" if either (1) our ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States or (2) we are eligible for the benefits of a satisfactory (in the judgment of the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury) comprehensive income tax treaty between the United States and a foreign country which includes an exchange of information program.  Our ADSs will qualify as readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States because they are listed on the NASDAQ, which has been designated by the IRS as so qualifying.  Alternatively, as discussed above, we are eligible for the benefits of the Treaty and the IRS has issued guidance that the Treaty is satisfactory for this purpose.  Therefore, we believe that any dividends paid by the depository on our ADSs should be eligible for these preferential rates in the hands of a U.S. Individual Holder.  However, certain limitations may apply to any "extraordinary dividends" paid by us.  Any dividends paid by us which are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as ordinary income to a U.S. Holder. Further, in the absence of legislation extending the term of the preferential tax rates for qualified dividend income, all dividends received by a taxpayer in tax years beginning on January 1, 2013 or later will be taxed at ordinary graduated tax rates.
 

 
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Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder's tax basis in his ADSs on a dollar-for-dollar basis and thereafter as capital gain. Because we are not a U.S. corporation, U.S. Holders that are corporations will not be entitled to claim a dividend received deduction with respect to any distributions they receive from the depository. Dividends paid with respect to the underlying common share of each ADS will generally be treated as "passive category income" or, in the case of certain types of U.S. Holders, "general category  income," for purposes of computing allowable foreign tax credits for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
 
Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of ADSs.  Subject to the discussion of passive foreign investment companies below, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the ADSs. Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period in the ADSs is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. Such capital gain or loss will generally be treated as U.S.-source income or loss, as applicable, for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. A U.S. Holder's ability to deduct capital losses is subject to certain limitations.
 
Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Significant U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
 
Special U.S. federal income tax rules apply to a U.S. Holder that holds stock in a foreign corporation classified as a passive foreign investment company, or "PFIC," for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  In general, we will be treated as a PFIC with respect to a U.S. Holder of our ADSs if, for any taxable year in which such Holder held our ADSs, either:
 
 
·
at least 75% of our gross income for such taxable year consists of passive income (e.g., dividends, interest, capital gains and rents derived other than in the active conduct of a rental business), or
 
 
·
at least 50% of the average value of the assets held by the corporation during such taxable year produce, or are held for the production of, passive income, which we refer to as "passive assets."
 
Based on our current operations and future projections, we do not believe that we are, nor do we expect to become, a PFIC with respect to any taxable year.  Although there is no legal authority directly on point, our belief is based principally on the position that, for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from the time chartering and voyage chartering activities of our subsidiaries should constitute active income from the performance of services rather than passive, rental income.  Correspondingly, such income should not constitute passive income, and the assets that we or our subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of such income, in particular, the vessels, should not constitute passive assets for purposes of determining whether we were a PFIC.  We believe there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and IRS pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes.  However, there is also authority which characterizes time charter income as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes. In the absence of any legal authority specifically relating to the statutory provisions governing PFICs, the IRS or a court could disagree with our position.  In addition, although we intend to conduct our affairs in a manner to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to any taxable year, we cannot assure you that the nature of our operations will not change in the future.
 
As discussed more fully below, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder would be subject to different U.S. federal income taxation rules depending on whether the U.S. Holder makes an election to treat us as a "Qualified Electing Fund," which election we refer to as a "QEF election." As an alternative to making a QEF election, a U.S. Holder should be able to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our ADSs, as discussed below.
 

 
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If we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder would also be subject to special U.S. federal income tax rules in respect of such U.S. Holder's indirect interest in any of our subsidiaries that are also treated as PFICs. Such a U.S. Holder would be permitted to make a QEF election in respect of any such subsidiary, so long as we timely provide the information necessary for such election, which we currently intend to do in such circumstances, but such a U.S. Holder would not be permitted to make a mark-to-market election in respect of such U.S. Holder's indirect interest in any such subsidiary. In addition, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year after 2010, a U.S. Holder would be required to file an annual report with the IRS for that year with respect to such Holder's ADSs. The application of the PFICs rules is complicated and U.S. Holders are encouraged to consult with their tax advisors regarding the application of such rules in their circumstances.
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Timely QEF Election
 
If a U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election, which U.S. Holder we refer to as an "Electing Holder," the Electing Holder must report each year for U.S. federal income tax purposes his pro rata share of our ordinary earnings and net capital gain, if any, for our taxable year that ends with or within the taxable year of the Electing Holder, regardless of whether or not distributions were received by the Electing Holder with respect to his ADSs. The Electing Holder's adjusted tax basis in the ADSs will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits. Distributions of earnings and profits that had been previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the adjusted tax basis in the ADSs and will not be taxed again once distributed. An Electing Holder would generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs. A U.S. Holder would make a QEF election with respect to any taxable year that our company is a PFIC by filing IRS Form 8621 with his U.S. federal income tax return. If we were aware that we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, we would provide each U.S. Holder with all necessary information in order to make the QEF election described above. A U.S. Holder who is treated as constructively owning shares in any of our subsidiaries which are treated as PFICs would be required to make a separate QEF election with respect to each such subsidiary.
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a "Mark-to-Market" Election
 
Alternatively, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and our ADSs are treated as "marketable stock," as we believe is the case, a U.S. Holder would be allowed to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our ADSs, provided the U.S. Holder completes and files IRS Form 8621 in accordance with the relevant instructions and related Treasury Regulations. If that election is made, the U.S. Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the ADSs at the end of the taxable year over such Holder's adjusted tax basis in the ADSs. The U.S. Holder would also be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the ADSs over its fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. A U.S. Holder's tax basis in his ADSs would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amount. Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the ADSs would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included in income by the U.S. Holder. A mark-to-market election would likely not be available for any of our subsidiaries that are treated as PFICs.
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation of U.S. Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election
 
Finally, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder who does not make either a QEF election or a "mark-to-market" election for that year, whom we refer to as a "Non-Electing Holder," would be subject to special rules with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder on our ADSs in a taxable year in excess of 125% of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing Holder's holding period for the ADSs), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs. Under these special rules:
 
 
·
the excess distribution or gain would be allocated ratably over the Non-Electing Holder's aggregate holding period for the ADSs;
 

 
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·
the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable year before we became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income; and
 
 
·
the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest rate in effect for the applicable class of taxpayer for that year, and an interest charge for the deemed tax deferral benefit would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.
 
These adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences would not apply to a pension or profit sharing trust or other tax-exempt organization that did not borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage in connection with its acquisition of our ADSs. If a Non-Electing Holder who is an individual dies while owning our ADSs, such Holder's successor generally would not receive a step-up in tax basis with respect to such ADSs.
 
U.S. Federal Income Taxation of "Non-U.S. Holders"
 
A beneficial owner of an ADS that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to herein as a "Non-U.S. Holder."
 
Distributions. Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on dividends received from the depository with respect to our ADSs, unless the dividends are "effectively connected" with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States or, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of a U.S. income tax treaty with respect to those dividends, those dividends are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States.
 
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of ADSs. Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs unless: (i) the gain is "effectively connected" with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States or, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of a U.S. income tax treaty with respect to that gain, that gain is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States; or (ii) the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of disposition and other conditions are met.
 
If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a U.S. trade or business for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the income from the ADSs, including dividends on the underlying common shares and the gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the ADSs that is "effectively connected" with the conduct of that U.S. trade or business, will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the same manner as discussed in the previous section relating to the U.S. federal income taxation of U.S. Holders. In addition, in the case of a corporate Non-U.S. Holder, the Holder's earnings and profits that are attributable to the "effectively connected" income, subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional U.S. federal branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable U.S. income tax treaty.
 
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
 
In general, dividend payments, or other taxable distributions, made within the United States to you will be subject to information reporting requirements.  In addition, such payments will be subject to "backup withholding" if you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder and you:
 
 
·
fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number;
 
 
·
are notified by the IRS that you have failed to report all interest or dividends required to be shown on your U.S. federal income tax returns; or
 
 
·
in certain circumstances, fail to comply with applicable certification requirements.
 
Non-U.S. Holders may be required to establish their exemption from information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8ECI or W-8IMY, as applicable.
 

 
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If you sell your ADSs to or through a U.S. office of a broker, the payment of the proceeds is subject to both U.S. backup withholding and information reporting unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalties of perjury, or you otherwise establish an exemption. If you sell your ADSs through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you outside the United States, then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to that payment. However, U.S. information reporting requirements, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, including a payment made to you outside the United States, if you sell your ADSs through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or has some other contacts with the United States.
 
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, you generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules that exceed your U.S. federal income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the IRS.
 
F.           Dividends and paying agents.
 
Not Applicable.
 
G.           Statement by experts.
 
Not Applicable.
 
H.           Documents on display.
 
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In accordance with these requirements we file and submit reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These materials, including this annual report and the accompanying exhibits, may be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of these materials can also be obtained upon written request from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at its principal office in Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates or from the SEC's website on the Internet at http://www.sec.gov, free of charge. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on public reference rooms. In addition, documents referred to in this annual report may be inspected at our headquarters at 18 Tuborg Havnevej, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
 
I.           Subsidiary Information
 
Not Applicable.
 
ITEM 11.                      QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
We are exposed to market risk from foreign currency fluctuations, changes in interest rates, changes in the prices of fuel oil and changes in freight rates. The Company sets up all bunker hedging, and indeed any other form of hedging, entirely on the basis of the specific market hedging requirements. In general, hedge accounting is applied systematically and is based upon policies.
 
The sensitivity analyses in Note 25 in our consolidated financial statements shows the profit and loss impact for hypothetical changes in, respectively, foreign currency exchange rate, interest rates, bunker prices and freight rates. This method of analysis should not be considered a projection of likely future events and profits or losses. Actual results and market conditions in the future may be materially different from those projected and changes in the instruments held and in the financial and commercial markets in which we operate could cause losses to exceed the amounts projected.
 
On a limited scale and within the boundaries set out by the Board of Directors, the Company from time to time enters into FFA and bunker contracts as a supplement to the physical position in vessels.
 

 
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The sensitivity analyses presented in Note 25 in our consolidated financial statements do not consider the effects that such adverse change may have on overall economic activity, nor do they consider additional actions management may take to mitigate its exposure to such changes. Actual results may differ. For an overview of the fair value of the derivative financial instruments please refer to Note 24.
 
Foreign Exchange Rate Risk
 
As TORM uses USD as presentational currency and most of the Company's transactions are denominated in USD, TORM only has limited transaction risk, which primarily relates to costs in DKK.
 
Exchange rate risks are assessed in relation to the USD, and the Company's policy is to minimize the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the financial statements and on the financial position of the Company, typically by entering into forward contracts.
 
The expected cash flow in relation to the payment of technical expenses in non-USD related currencies, salaries, wages and other administrative expenses and dividends are typically hedged for a period of up to twelve months ahead.
 
In order to manage this risk, we enter into forward contracts and currency options. Please refer to Note 25 in our consolidated financial statements for information relating to contracts entered into.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
TORM's interest rate risk generally relates to its interest-bearing mortgage debt. All the Company's loans for financing vessels are denominated in USD, and most carry variable interest.
 
In certain cases, the Company utilizes financial instruments to manage the effects of interest rate changes on earnings and cash resources. The Company typically uses interest rate swaps, which are entered into for periods of up to five years, although typically for two to three years when acceptable interest rate levels can be obtained. For shorter interest rate hedging, the Company from time to time uses FRAs.
 
The profile of the instruments always matches the profile of the particular loan in question. When assessing interest rate risk hedging for its loan portfolio, TORM takes into consideration expected interest rate developments and future changes to the composition of the fleet in order to meet ongoing and future market expectations and requirements.
 
Please refer to Note 25 in our consolidated financial statements for information relating to contracts entered into.
 
Bunker Price Risk
 
The Company's operating result is affected by movement in the price of fuel oil consumed by the vessels – known in the industry as bunkers. To cover this risk, the Company hedges the price of part of its bunker requirements for a period of up to 12 months forward. TORM applies hedge accounting to certain bunker hedges.
 
In light of the Company's pool arrangements, bunker requirements of tankers are not hedged individually in respect of cargo contracts or other forms of bunker hedging. Instead, bunker hedging is planned taking into account the specific pool's total estimated bunker requirements. Nonetheless, where a contract of affreightment covering several voyages has been fixed, the pool may hedge bunker requirements specifically for such a contract.
 
For bulk carriers, the bunker requirements are similarly hedged to match cargo contract commitments, but the requirements are generally less, given that a larger part of earnings derive from vessels chartered out on time charter, where the charterer is responsible for the payment of bunkers.
 

 
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Please refer to Note 25 in our consolidated financial statements for information relating to contracts entered into.
 
Freight Rate Risk
 
The majority of our tanker vessels are operated on spot voyage charters through our pools. To manage our exposure to fluctuations in the freight rates we may place certain of the pool's vessels on time charter or enter into Contracts of Affreightment (COA) or freight derivatives (FFA, synthetic T/C, profit split etc.). Our bulk vessels are primarily placed on time charters.
 
Please refer to Note 25 in our consolidated financial statements for information relating to contracts entered into.
 
ITEM 12.                      DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
 
Not Applicable.
 
Part II
 
ITEM 13.                      DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
 
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries have been subject to a material default in the payment of principal, interest, a sinking fund or purchase fund installment or any other material default that was not cured within 30 days. In addition, the payment of our dividends are not, and have not been, in arrears or have not been subject to a material delinquency that was not cured within 30 days.
 
ITEM 14.
MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
None.
 
ITEM 15.                      CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
 
As of December 31, 2010, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the report it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the SEC rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the report it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
 
b) Report of TORM Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
TORM's Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The internal control system of the TORM Group, which consists of TORM and its consolidated subsidiaries, was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation and fair presentation of its published consolidated financial statements.
 

 
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All internal control systems no matter how well designed have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective may not prevent or detect misstatements and can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
TORM's Management assessed the effectiveness of the TORM Group's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010. In making this assessment, they used the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment and criteria, Management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2010, TORM Group's internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
 
The effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010 has been audited by Deloitte, Statsautoriseret Revisionsaktieselskab, Denmark, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included in exhibit F2.
 
(c)           Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm.
 
Report of the independent registered public accounting firm
 
To the shareholders of TORM A/S
 
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of TORM A/S and subsidiaries (the "Company") as at December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting included in the Report of TORM Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 

 
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In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as at 31 December, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended 31 December, 2010 of the Company and our report dated June 23, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
 
Deloitte Statsautoriseret Revisionsaktieselskab
 
Copenhagen, Denmark
 
June 23, 2011
 
Deloitte Statsautoriseret Revisionsaktieselskab
 
d)           Changes in internal control over financial reporting.
 
There have been no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could have significantly affected those controls in the current period, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
 
ITEM 16A.                      AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
 
We have established the Audit Committee of the board of directors comprised of two independent members. In May 2009, the Board decided to expand the Audit Committee to comprise three independent members. The Board of directors has determined that Mr. Jesper Jarlbæk, an individual serving on the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors since May 18, 2009, is an Audit Committee financial expert and is independent under applicable Nasdaq and SEC standards.

ITEM 16B.                      CODE OF ETHICS
 
During 2008 TORM established a Code of Ethics, or the Code, that applies to all of the Company's executive officers, including principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, and persons performing similar functions.  A copy of our code of ethics has been filed as an exhibit to this report.

The Code will be revised and updated as needed, reflecting changes in personnel policies, business and regulations.

ITEM 16C.                      PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
 
Deloitte Statsautoriseret Revisionsaktieselskab, Copenhagen, Denmark is the independent accounting firm that audits the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries and is the principal accountant for the audit of the Company.
 
The aggregate fee for audit and audit services provided by Deloitte to the Company in 2009 and 2008 were:
 


(in USD million)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Audit Fees
    0.5       0.5  
Audit-Related Fees
    0.3       0.1  
Tax Fees
    0.1       0.1  
All Other Fees
    0.3       0.2  
Total
    1.2       0.9  

 
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Audit Fees consist of fees for the audit of our financial statements, consents, and review of documents in connection with filings with the SEC and other statutory or regulatory filings.  Audit-Related Fees consist of fees, other than Audit Fees, for assurances and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit and review of our financial statements.  Tax Fees consist of fees for services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.  All Other Fees consist of fees for all services other than audit, audit-related or tax-related services.
 
Our Audit Committee pre-approves all audit, audit-related and non-audit services not prohibited by law to be performed by our independent auditors and associated fees prior to the engagement of the independent auditor with respect to such services.
 
ITEM 16D.            EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
 
None.
 
ITEM 16E.
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASES
 
None.
 
ITEM 16F.             CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
 
None.
 
ITEM 16G.            CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
 
We have certified to Nasdaq that our corporate governance practices are in compliance with, and are not prohibited by, the laws of the Kingdom of Denmark. Therefore, we are exempt from many of Nasdaq's corporate governance practices other than the requirements regarding the disclosure of a going concern audit opinion, submission of a listing agreement, notification to Nasdaq of non-compliance with Nasdaq corporate governance practices, prohibition on disparate reduction or restriction of shareholder voting rights, and the establishment of our Audit Committee satisfying Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(c)(3) and ensuring that such Audit Committee's members meet the independence requirement of Listing Rule 5605(c)(2)(A)(ii). The practices we follow in lieu of Nasdaq's corporate governance rules applicable to U.S. domestic issuers are as follows:
 
 
·
In lieu of obtaining shareholder approval prior to the issuance of securities, we will comply with the applicable provisions of the Danish law, which allows the Board of Directors to approve such security issuances.

 
·
In lieu of a nomination committee comprised of independent directors, our Board of Directors will be responsible for identifying and recommending potential candidates to become board members and recommending directors for appointment to board committees. Shareholders may also identify and recommend potential candidates to become board members in writing.  Also, under Danish law, three of our nine directors are elected by our employees.  No formal written charter has been prepared or adopted because this process is outlined in our Articles of Association and in the laws of the Kingdom of Denmark.
 
 
·
In accordance with Danish law, we will not be required to obtain an independent review of related party transactions for potential conflicts of interests.
 
 
·
As a foreign private issuer, we are not required to solicit proxies or provide proxy statements to Nasdaq pursuant to Nasdaq corporate governance rules or Danish law. Consistent with laws of the Kingdom of Denmark and as provided in our Articles of Association, we will notify our shareholders of meetings between three weeks and five weeks before the general meeting, which is to be held every year before the end of April. This notification will contain, among other things, information regarding business to be transacted at the meeting. In addition, our Articles of Association provide that shareholders must give us advance notice to properly introduce any business at a general meeting of the shareholders no later than six weeks before such general meeting. Our Articles of Association also provide that shareholders may designate a proxy to act on their behalf.
 

 
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Other than as noted above, we are in full compliance with all other applicable Nasdaq corporate governance standards. Information about our corporate governance practices may also be found on our website, http://www.torm.com, under "Investor Relations/Corporate Governance."
 
Part III
 
ITEM 17.                      FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
We specifically incorporate by reference in response to this item the report of the independent auditors, the consolidated audited financial statements and the accompanying notes, appearing on pages F-1 through F-62.
 
Non-GAAP measures
 
In this document we use the measures: net interest-bearing debt and invested capital. Although not GAAP measures, they are all commonly used financial measures according to the Danish Society of Financial Analysts.
 
 
Net interest-bearing debt
 
Net interest-bearing debt measures the net capital resources, which cause net interest expenditure and interest rate risk and which together with the equity are used to finance our investments. As such we believe that net interest-bearing debt is a relevant measure, which management uses to measure the overall development of our use of financing other than equity. Net interest-bearing debt is calculated as follows:
 
(in USD million)
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Mortgage debt and bank loans
    1,718.2       1,770.7       1,961.7  
Finance lease liabilities
    0.0       33.6       33.0  
Less cash and cash equivalents
    (168.3 )     (121.8 )     (120.0 )
Equals Net interest-bearing debt
    1,549.9       1,682.5       1,874.7  
 
Invested capital
 
Invested capital measures the net investments used to achieve our operating profit. We believe that invested capital is a relevant measure that management uses to measure the overall development of the assets and liabilities generating our net profit. Invested capital is calculated as follows:
 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Intangible assets
    91.6       91.5       91.3  
Plus: Tangible fixed assets
    2,611.5       2,678.7       2,800.3  
Plus: Investments in jointly controlled entities
    130.5       122.9       72.9  
Plus: Loans to jointly controlled entities
    42.2       38.8       10.3  
Plus: Other financial assets
    41.7       8.9       6.0  
Plus: Bunkers
    18.3       24.6       41.1  
Plus: Accounts receivable
    206.9       92.5       141.3  

 
88

 


   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Plus: Non-current assets held for sale
    0.0       44.4       0.0  
Less: Deferred tax
    (55.1 )     (54.9 )     (54.3 )
Less: Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    (10.7 )     (3.7 )     (1.9 )
Less: Acquired time charter contracts
    (15.0 )     (3.9 )     (0.0 )
Less: Trade accounts payable
    (48.9 )     (24.9 )     (48.0 )
Less: Current tax liabilities
    (9.7 )     (5.7 )     (1.7 )
Less: Other liabilities
    (179.8 )     (82.9 )     (70.2 )
Less: Deferred income
    (0.9 )     (0.1 )     (0.0 )
Equals Invested capital
    2,822.6       2,926.2       2,987.1  

 
ITEM 18.                      FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Not Applicable.
 

 
89

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Consolidated Income Statements for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
F-4
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2010
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
F-7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
F-8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-9
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
F-1

 

 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF TORM A/S

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Torm A/S and subsidiaries (the "Company") as at 31 December 2010 and 2009 and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of changes in equity, and consolidated cash flow statements for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2010. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Torm A/S and subsidiaries as at 31 December 2010 and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2010, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as adopted for use in the European Union and IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB").
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as at 31 December 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated 23 June 2011 expressed, an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
 
June 23, 2011
 
Deloitte Statsautoriseret Revisionsaktieselskab
 
Copenhagen, Denmark
 

 

 
F-2

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For The Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
(EXPRESSED IN THOUSANDS OF USD)
 

   
Note
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Revenue
          1,183,594       862,251       856,075  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
          (264,050 )     (217,356 )     (298,830 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
          (13,586 )     (11,952 )     3,339  
                               
Time charter equivalent earnings
          905,958       632,943       560,584  
                               
Charter hire
          (193,829 )     (220,880 )     (228,631 )
Operating expenses
    4       (174,333 )     (169,556 )     (152,207 )
                                 
Gross profit (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    3       537,796       242,507       179,746  
                                 
Profit from sale of vessels
            82,813       33,145       1,871  
Administrative expenses
    4, 5       (89,906 )     (78,194 )     (78,161 )
Other operating income
            14,493       7,331       4,788  
Share of results of jointly controlled entities
    29       27,122       (2,256 )     (11,453 )
Impairment losses on jointly controlled entities
    9       0       (20,000 )     (35,000 )
Amortizations, depreciation and impairment losses
    7, 8, 9       (126,068 )     (132,775 )     (141,410 )
                                 
Operating profit
            446,250       49,758       (79,619 )
                                 
Financial income
    10       16,175       6,090       2,663  
Financial expenses
    10       (102,354 )     (74,896 )     (59,285 )
                                 
Profit/(loss) before tax
            360,071       (19,048 )     (136,241 )
                                 
Tax expenses
    13       1,279       1,686       982  
                                 
Net profit/(loss) for the year
            361,350       (17,362 )     (135,259 )
                                 
                                 
   
Note
      2008       2009       2010  
Earnings/(loss) per share (USD)
    30       5.2       (0.3 )     (2.0 )
Earnings/(loss) per share (DKK)*)
            26.6       (1.3 )     (11.0 )
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (USD)
    30       5.2       (0.3 )     (2.0 )
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (DKK)*)
            26.5       (1.3 )     (11.0 )


*) Calculated from USD to DKK at the average USD/DKK exchange rate for the relevant period.

The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.

 

 
F-3

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For The Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
(EXPRESSED IN THOUSANDS OF USD)
 

 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
                   
Net profit/(loss) for the year
    361,350       (17,362 )     (135,259 )
                         
Other comprehensive income:
                       
Exchange rate adjustments arising on translation of entities using a measurement currency different from USD
    (42 )     1       (13 )
Fair value adjustment on hedging instruments
    (56,478 )     26,455       (4,948 )
Value adjustment on hedging instruments transferred toincome statement
    15,177       4,127       6,361  
Value adjustment on hedging instruments transferred to assets
    0       (1,203 )     0  
Fair value adjustment on other investments available for sale
    (4,796 )     1,545       (229 )
Transfer to income statement on sale of investments available for sale
    (2,578 )     (3,681 )     0  
                         
Other comprehensive income after tax
    (48,717 )     27,244       1,171  
                         
Total comprehensive income for the year
    312,633       9,882       (134,088 )

The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.

 
F-4

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2009 and 2010
(Expressed in thousands of USD)
 
   
Note
   
2009
   
2010
 
ASSETS
                 
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
                 
                   
Intangible assets
                 
Goodwill
          89,184       89,184  
Other intangible assets
          2,269       2,086  
                       
      7, 9       91,453       91,270  
                         
Tangible fixed assets
                       
Land and buildings
            3,687       3,626  
Vessels and capitalized dry-docking
    17       2,390,391       2,560,079  
Prepayments on vessels
            273,860       227,062  
Other plant and operating equipment
            10,734       9,504  
                         
      8, 9       2,678,672       2,800,271  
                         
Financial assets
                       
Investments in jointly controlled entities
    9, 29       122,968       72,929  
Loans to jointly controlled entities
            38,766       10,298  
Other investments
    6       3,190       2,960  
Other financial assets
    24       8,500       6,000  
                         
              173,424       92,187  
                         
Total non-current assets
            2,943,549       2,983,728  
                         
CURRENT ASSETS
                       
Bunkers
            24,618       41,089  
Freight receivables
    11       62,084       108,207  
Other receivables
    12       16,825       12,728  
Other financial assets
    24       400       0  
Prepayments
            13,558       20,385  
Cash and cash equivalent
            121,824       119,971  
                         
Non-current assets held for sale
    28       44,353       0  
                         
Total current assets
            283,662       302,380  
                         
TOTAL ASSETS
            3,227,211       3,286,108  

The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.

 
F-5

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (continued)
 
As of December 31, 2009 and 2010
 
(EXPRESSED IN THOUSANDS OF USD)
 
   
Note
   
2009
   
2010
 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
                 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
                 
Common shares
    14       61,098       61,098  
Treasury shares
    14       (18,118 )     (17,883 )
Revaluation reserves
            (2,242 )     (2,471 )
Retained profit
            1,205,146       1,072,330  
Proposed dividend
            0       0  
Hedging reserves
            (3,258 )     (1,845 )
Currency translation reserves
            4,073       4,060  
                         
Total shareholders' equity
            1,246,699       1,115,289  
                         
LIABILITIES
                       
Non-current liabilities
                       
Deferred tax liability
    13       54,951       54,339  
Mortgage debt and bank loans
    15, 17       1,629,250       1,750,371  
Finance lease liabilities
    20       31,754       30,977  
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    24       1,885       0  
Acquired time charter contracts
    23       61       0  
                         
Total non-current liabilities
            1,717,901       1,835,687  
                         
Current liabilities
                       
Mortgage debt and bank loans
    15, 17       141,520       211,334  
Finance lease liabilities
    20       1,808       1,986  
Trade payables
            24,993       47,976  
Current tax liabilities
            5,664       1,740  
Other liabilities
    16       82,891       70,211  
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    24       1,801       1,885  
Acquired time charter contracts
    23       3,803       0  
Deferred income
            131       0  
                         
Total current liabilities
            262,611       335,132  
                         
Total liabilities
            1,980,512       2,170,819  
                         
Total shareholders' equity and liabilities
            3,227,211       3,286,108  
                         
Accounting policies
    1-2                  
Collateral security
    17                  
Guarantee and contingent liabilities
    18                  
Contractual liabilities
    19                  
Finance lease liabilities – as lessee
    20                  
Time charter contracts
    21                  
Purchase options on vessels
    22                  
Acquired time charter contracts
    23                  
Derivative financial instruments
    24                  
Risks associated with TORM's activities
    25                  
Financial instruments
    26                  
Related party transactions
    27                  
Non-current assets held for sale
    28                  
Entities in the Group
    29                  
Earnings/(loss) per share
    30                  
Distribution of net profit/(loss) for the year, including proposed dividends
    31                  
Cash flows
    32                  
 

The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.

 
F-6

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated statements of changes in equity
As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010
(Expressed in thousands of USD)
 
                           
Gains/losses
recognized directly in equity
       
   
Common shares
   
Treasury Shares
   
Retained profit
   
Proposed
dividends
   
Revaluation reserve
   
Hedging reserves
   
Translation reserves
   
Total
 
                                                 
EQUITY
                                               
                                                 
Balance at January 1, 2008
    61,098       (18,118 )     953,656       64,548       7,268       8,664       4,114       1,081,230  
                                                                 
Extraordinary dividends paid
                    (61,501 )                                     (61,501 )
Extraordinary dividends paid on treasury shares
                    2,999                                       2,999  
Dividends paid
                            (68,625 )                             (68,625 )
Dividends paid on treasury shares
                    3,342                                       3,342  
Exchange rate adjustment on dividends paid
                    (4,077 )     4,077                               0  
Share-based compensation
                    8,871                                       8,871  
Proposed dividend for the financial year
                    (55,100 )     55,100                               0  
Total comprehensive income for the year
    0       0       361,350       0       (7,374 )     (41,301 )     (42 )     312,633  
Total changes in equity 2008
    0       0       255,884       (9,448 )     (7,374 )     (41,301 )     (42 )     (197,719 )
                                                                 
Equity at December 31, 2008
    61,098       (18,118 )     1,209,540       55,100       (106 )     (32,637 )     4,072       1,278,949  
                                                                 
Changes in equity 2009:
                                                               
Dividends paid
                            (51,240 )                             (51,240 )
Dividends paid on treasury shares
                    2,520                                       2,520  
Exchange rate adjustment on dividends paid
                    3,860       (3,860 )                             0  
Share-based compensation
                    6,588                                       6,588  
Proposed dividend for the financial year
                            0                               0  
Total comprehensive income for the year
                    (17,362 )             (2,136 )     29,379       1       9,882  
Total changes in equity 2009
    0       0       (4,394 )     (55,100 )     (2,136 )     29,379       1       (32,250 )
                                                                 
Equity at December 31, 2009
    61,098       (18,118 )     1,205,146       0       (2,242 )     (3,258 )     4,073       1,246,699  
Changes in equity 2010:
                                               
Disposal of treasury shares, cost
          235                                     235  
Loss from disposal of treasury shares
                  (235 )                             (235 )
Share-based compensation
                  2,678                               2,678  
Proposed dividend for the financial year
                                                  0  
Total comprehensive income for the year
                  (135,259 )           (229 )     1,413       (13 )     (134,088 )
Total changes in equity 2010
    0       235       (132,816 )     0       (229 )     1,413       (13 )     (134,088 )
                                                                 
Equity at December 31, 2010
    61,098       (17,883 )     1,072,330       0       (2,471 )     (1,845 )     4,060       1,115,289  
 

The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.

 
F-7

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008, 2009 AND 2010
(Expressed in thousands of USD)
 
   
Note
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                       
Net profit for the year
          361,350       (17,362 )     (135,259 )
                               
Reversal tax expenses
          (1,279 )     (1,686 )     (982 )
Reversal of financial income and expenses
          86,179       68,806       56,622  
Reversal of net profit from sale of vessels
          (82,813 )     (33,145 )     (1.871 )
Reversal of amortizations, depreciation and impairment losses
          126,067       132,775       141,410  
Reversal of  impairment of jointly controlled entities
          0       20,000       35,000  
Reversal of share of results of jointly controlled entities
          (27,122 )     2,256       11,453  
Reversal of other non-cash movements
    32       (7,786 )     1,270       (8,009 )
                                 
Dividends received
            1,337       75       1  
Dividends received from jointly controlled entities
            3,930       3,050       1,690  
Interest received and exchange rate gains
            13,439       5,168       496  
Interest paid and exchange rate losses
            (84,332 )     (56,944 )     (54,368 )
Income taxes paid/repaid
            (4,199 )     (2,726 )     (3,565 )
Change in bunkers,  receivables and payables
    32       (78 )     (5,284 )     (43,193 )
                                 
                                 
Net cash flow from operating activities
            384,693       116,253       (575 )
                                 
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
                               
Investment in tangible fixed assets
            (377,786 )     (288,812 )     (253,945 )
Investment in equity interests and securities
            (133,917 )     (5 )     (13 )
Loans to jointly controlled entities
            69,589       4,688       3,300  
Received share on to options on vessels
            (6,719 )     1,500       0  
Sale of equity interests and securities
            17,365       4,767       0  
Sale of non-current assets
            169,067       78,486       63,751  
                                 
Net cash flow from investing activities
            (262,401 )     (199,396 )     (186,907 )
                                 
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                               
Borrowing, mortgage debt
            1,020,699       333,641       344,693  
Borrowing, finance lease liabilities
            0       34,400       0  
Repayment/redemption, mortgage debt
            (955,872 )     (281,035 )     (153,759 )
Repayment/redemption, finance lease liabilities
            0       (1,636 )     (5,305 )
Dividends paid
            (123,785 )     (48,720 )     0  
Purchase/disposal of treasury shares
            0       0       0  
                                 
Cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities
            (58,958 )     36,650       185,629  
                                 
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating,
                               
investing and financing activities
            63,334       (46,493 )     (1,853 )
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents, at January 1
            104,983       168,317       121,824  
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents, at December 31
            168,317       121,824       119,971  
Of which used as collateral
            0       0       0  
                                 
              168,317       121,824       119,971  
                                 

The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.

 
F-8

 

TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES - NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009 AND 2010
 
NOTE 1
 
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
The annual report has been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU and the disclosure requirements for Danish listed companies' financial reporting required by OMX Nordic Exchange.

The annual report also complies with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
 
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention except where fair value accounting is specifically required by IFRS.

The functional currency in all major entities is USD, and the Company applies USD as presentation currency in the preparation of financial statements.

 
CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRESENTATION
 
TORM has implemented the following standards and changes to standards in the annual report for 2010:

·  
Revised IFRS 3 "Business Combinations" and consequential amendments to IAS 27, IAS 28 and IAS 31.
 
·  
Amendments to IFRS 1 "First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards" relating to oil and gas assets and to limited exemptions from comparative IFRS 7 disclosures.
 
·  
Amendment to IFRS 2 "Share-Based Payment" relating to group cash-settled share-based payments.
 
·  
Amendments to IAS 39 "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement: Eligible Hedged Items", "Reclassification of Financial Assets: Effective Date and Transition" and "Embedded Derivatives".
 
In addition, TORM has implemented a number of smaller changes and clarifications issued by IASB during 2009, including changes to IFRS 2, IFRS 5, IFRS 8, IAS 1, IAS 7, IAS 17, IAS 38 and IAS 39.

The implementation of the standards and changes to standards did not affect TORM's accounting policies. However, future business combinations will be affected by the revised IFRS 3.


ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET ADOPTED

IASB has issued the following interpretations and changes to standards which have not yet been adopted:

·  
Amendment to IAS 24 "Related Party Disclosures" revising the definition of  related parties. The amendment is not expected to affect TORM.
 
·  
Amendment to IAS 32 "Financial Instruments: Presentation".  The amendment is not expected to affect TORM.
 
·  
IFRIC 19 "Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments". The interpretation is not expected to affect TORM.
 
·  
A number of smaller changes and clarifications during 2010 as part of the improvement project, including changes to IFRS 1, IFRS 3, IFRS 7, IAS 1, IAS 27 and IAS 34.
 
TORM will implement these changes when they become effective in 2011 and 2012.

 
F-9

 

Furthermore, IASB has issued the following standards and changes to standards which become effective on or after 1 January 2011 which have not yet been adopted by the EU:

·  
Amendments to IFRS 1 "First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards: Severe Hyperinflation and Removal of Fixed Dates for First-time Adopters".
 
·  
Amendment to IFRS 7 "Financial Instruments – Disclosures" relating to transfers of financial assets.
 
·  
IFRS 9 "Financial Instruments - Classification and Measurement". The standard is the first phase in the replacement of IAS 39.
 
·  
Amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes": "Deferred Tax: Recovery of Underlying Assets".
 
TORM expects that the implementation of these standards and changes to standards will not materially affect the Company's financial statements.

KEY ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Management considers the following to be the most important accounting policies for the TORM Group.

Participation in pools

TORM generates its revenue from shipping activities, which to a large extent are conducted through pools. Total pool revenue is generated from each vessel participating in the pools in which the Group participates and is based on either voyage or time charter parties. The pool measures net revenues based on the contractual rates and the duration of each voyage, and net revenue is recognized upon delivery of service in accordance with the terms and conditions of the charter parties.

The pools are regarded as jointly controlled operations, and the Company's share of the income statement and balance sheet in the respective pools is accounted for by recognizing a proportional share, based on participation in the pool, combining items of uniform nature.

The Company's share of the revenues in the pools is primarily dependent on the number of days the Company's vessels have been available for the pools in relation to the total available pool earning days during the period.

TORM acts as pool manager for three pools in which the Company is participating with a significant number of vessels. As pool manager TORM receives a chartering commission income to cover the expenses associated with this role. The chartering commission income is calculated as a fixed percentage of the freight income from each charter agreement. If the pool does not earn any freight income, TORM will not receive any commission income. The commission income is recognized in the income statement under "Other operating income" simultaneously with the recognition of the underlying freight income in the pool.

Cross-over voyages

Revenue is recognized upon delivery of service in accordance with the terms and conditions of the charter parties. For crossover voyages (voyages in progress at the end of a reporting period) the uncertainty and the dependence on estimates are greater than for finalized voyages. The Company recognizes a percentage of the estimated revenue for the voyage equal to the percentage of the estimated duration of the voyage completed on the balance sheet date. The estimate of revenue is based on the expected duration and destination of the voyage. Voyage expenses are recognized as incurred.

When recognizing net revenue, there is a risk that the actual number of days it takes to complete the voyage will differ from the estimate, and for time charter parties a lower day rate may have been agreed for additional days. The contract for a single voyage may state several alternative destination ports. The destination port may change during the voyage, and the rate may vary depending on the destination port. Changes to the estimated duration of the voyage as well as changing destinations and weather conditions will affect the voyage expenses.

 
F-10

 


Demurrage revenues

Freight contracts contain conditions regarding the amount of time available for loading and discharging of the vessel. If these conditions are breached, TORM is compensated for the additional time incurred in the form of a demurrage revenue. Demurrage revenues are recognized upon delivery of service in accordance with the terms and conditions of the charter parties. Upon completion of the voyage, the Company assesses the time spent in port, and a demurrage claim based on the relevant contractual conditions is submitted to the charterers. The claim will often be met by counterclaims due to differences in the interpretation of the agreement compared to the actual circumstances of the additional time used. Based on previous experience, 95% of the demurrage claim submitted is recognized as demurrage revenue. The Company receives the demurrage payment upon reaching final agreement of the amount, which on average is approximately 100 days after the original demurrage claim was submitted. If the Group accepts a reduction of more than 5% of the original claim, or if the charterer is not able to pay, demurrage revenue will be affected.

Vessels

Vessels are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost comprises acquisition cost and costs directly related to the acquisition up until the time when the asset is ready for use including interest expenses incurred during the period of construction, based on the loans obtained for the vessels. All major components of vessels except for dry-docking costs are depreciated on a straight-line basis to the estimated residual value over their estimated useful lives, which TORM estimates to be 25 years. The Company considers that a 25-year depreciable life is consistent with that used by other shipowners with comparable tonnage.  Depreciation is based on cost less the estimated residual value. Residual value is estimated as the lightweight tonnage of each vessel multiplied by scrap value per ton. The useful life and the residual value of the vessels are reviewed at least at each financial year-end based on market conditions, regulatory requirements and the Company's business plans.

The Company also evaluates the carrying amounts to determine if events have occurred that indicate impairment and would require a modification of their carrying amounts. Prepayment on vessels is measured at costs incurred.

Dry-docking

The vessels are required to undergo planned dry-dockings for replacement of certain components, major repairs and maintenance of other components, which cannot be carried out while the vessels are operating, approximately every 30 and 60 months depending on the nature of work and external requirements. These dry-docking costs are capitalized and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated period until the next dry-docking. The residual value of such components is estimated at nil. The useful life of the dry-docking costs are reviewed at least at each financial year-end based on market conditions, regulatory requirements and TORM's business plans.

A portion of the cost of acquiring a new vessel is allocated to the components expected to be replaced or refurbished at the next dry-docking. Depreciation hereof is carried over the period until the next dry-docking.  For newbuildings, the initial dry-docking asset is estimated based on the expected costs related to the first-coming dry-docking, which again is based on experience and past history of similar vessels. For second-hand vessels, a dry-docking asset is also segregated and capitalized separately, taking into account the normal docking intervals of the Company.
At subsequent dry-dockings the costs comprise the actual costs incurred at the dry-docking yard. Dry-docking costs may include the cost of hiring crews to effect replacements and repairs and the cost of parts and materials used, cost of travel, lodging and supervision of Company personnel and the cost of hiring third-party personnel to oversee a dry-docking. Dry-docking activities include, but are not limited to, the inspection, service on turbocharger, replacement of shaft seals, service on boiler, replacement of hull anodes, applying of antifouling and hull paint, steel repairs and refurbishment and replacement of other parts of the vessel.

 
F-11

 


Deferred tax

All significant Danish entities within the Group entered into the Danish tonnage tax scheme for a binding 10-year period with effect from January 1, 2001. As a consequence of the OMI acquisition in 2007, however, a new 10-year binding period commenced with effect from January 1, 2007. Under the Danish tonnage tax scheme, taxable income is not calculated on the basis of income and expenses as under the normal corporate taxation. Instead, taxable income is calculated with reference to the tonnage used during the year. The taxable income for a company for a given period is calculated as the sum of the taxable income under the tonnage taxation scheme and the taxable income from the activities that are not covered by the tonnage tax scheme made up in accordance with the ordinary Danish corporate tax system.

If the entities' participation in the Danish tonnage tax scheme is abandoned, or if the entities' level of investment and activity is significantly reduced, a deferred tax liability will become payable. A deferred tax liability is recognized in the balance sheet at each period end and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. The deferred tax liability relating to the vessels is measured on the basis of the difference between the tax value of the vessels at the date of entry into the tonnage tax scheme and the lower of the cost and the realized or realizable sales value of the vessels.

OTHER ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Consolidation principles

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Parent Company TORM A/S and its subsidiaries, i.e. the entities in which the Parent Company, directly or indirectly, holds the majority of the votes or otherwise has a controlling interest. Entities in which the Group exercises significant but not controlling influence are regarded as associated companies and are recognized using the equity method.

Companies which are by agreement managed jointly with one or more companies and therefore subject to joint control (jointly controlled entities) are accounted for using the equity method.

The consolidated financial statements are prepared on the basis of the financial statements of the Parent Company, its subsidiaries and proportionately consolidated activities by combining items of a uniform nature and eliminating intercompany transactions, balances and shareholdings as well as realized and unrealized gains and losses on transactions between the consolidated companies. The financial statements used for consolidation purposes are prepared in accordance with the company's accounting policies.

Business combinations

Newly acquired or formed entities are recognized in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition or formation. The date of acquisition is the date on which control over the entity is effectively transferred. Sold or unwound entities are recognized in the consolidated financial statements until the date of the sale or the unwinding. The date of sale or unwinding is the date when control is effectively transferred to third parties. The comparative figures are not restated for entities acquired, disposed of or wound up.

Business combinations are accounted for by applying the purchase method, whereby the acquired entities' identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are measured at fair value at the acquisition date. The tax effect of the revaluation activities is also taken into account. The cost of a business combination is measured as the fair value of the consideration agreed upon. When a business combination agreement provides for an adjustment to the cost of the combination contingent on future events, the amount of that adjustment is included in the cost of the combination if the event is probable and the adjustment can be measured reliably. Costs of issuing debt or equity instruments in connection with a business combination are accounted for together with the debt or equity issuance. All other costs associated   with the acquisition are expensed in the income statement.

 
F-12

 


The excess of the cost of the business combination over the fair value of the acquired assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities is recognized as goodwill under intangible assets and is tested for impairment at least once every year. Upon acquisition, goodwill is allocated to the cash generating units, which subsequently form the basis for the impairment test.

If the fair value of the acquired assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities exceeds the cost of the business combination, the identification of assets and liabilities and the processes of measuring the fair value of the assets and liabilities and the cost of the business combination are reassessed. If the fair value of the business combination continues to exceed the cost, the resulting gain is recognized in the income statement.

Foreign currencies

The functional currency of all significant entities including subsidiaries and associated companies is USD, because the Company's vessels operate in international shipping markets, in which revenues and expenses are settled in USD, and the Company's most significant assets and liabilities in the form of vessels and related financial liabilities are in USD. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the date of the transactions. Cash, accounts receivable and payable and other monetary items denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Gains or losses due to differences between the exchange rate at the transaction date and the exchange rate at the settlement date or the balance sheet date are recognized in the income statement under "Financial income and expenses".

An exchange rate gain or loss relating to a non-monetary item carried at fair value is recognized in the same line as the fair value adjustment.

The reporting currency of the Company is USD. Upon recognition of entities with functional currencies other than USD, the financial statements are translated into USD. Items in the income statement are translated into USD at the average exchange rates for the period, whereas balance sheet items are translated at the exchange rates as at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences arising from the translation of financial statements into USD are recognized as a separate component of equity. On the disposal of an entity, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences deferred in the separate component of equity relating to that entity shall be transferred to the income statement as part of the gain or loss on disposal.

Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial instruments, primarily interest rate swaps, forward currency exchange contracts, forward freight agreements and forward contracts regarding bunker purchases, are entered to hedge future committed or anticipated transactions. TORM applies hedge accounting under the specific rules for cash flow hedges when allowed and appropriate.

In addition, TORM takes limited positions in forward freight agreements as a supplement to the Company's physical positions in vessels, which are not entered for hedge purposes.

Derivative financial instruments are initially recognized in the balance sheet at fair value at the date the derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently measured at their fair value as other receivables or other liabilities, respectively.

Changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments, which are designated as cash flow hedges and deemed to be effective, are recognized directly in other comprehensive income. When the hedged transaction is recognized in the income statement, the cumulative value adjustment recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred to the income statement and included in the same line as the hedged transaction. However, when the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of a fixed asset, the gains and losses previously accumulated in other comprehensive income are transferred from other comprehensive income and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the fixed asset. Changes in fair value of a portion of a hedge deemed to be ineffective are recognized in the income statement.

 
F-13

 


Changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedges are recognized in the income statement. While effectively reducing cash flow risk in accordance with the risk management policy of the Company, interest rate swaps with cap features and certain forward freight agreements and forward contracts regarding bunker purchases do not qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in fair value of these derivate financial instruments are therefore recognized in the income statement under "Financial income or expenses" for interest rate swaps with cap features and under "Freight and bunkers derivatives" for forward freight agreements and forward bunker contracts. Changes in fair value of forward freight agreements, which are not entered for hedge purposes, are also recognized under "Freight and bunkers derivatives."

Segment information

TORM consists of two business segments: The Tanker Division and the Bulk Division. This segmentation is based on the Group's internal management and reporting structure. In the tanker segment, the services provided primarily comprise transport of refined oil products such as gasoline, jet fuel and naphtha, and in the bulk segment the services provided comprise transport of dry cargo – typically commodities such as coal, grain, iron ore, etc. Transactions between segments are based on market-related prices and are eliminated at Group level. The Group only has one geographical segment, because the Company considers the global market as a whole, and as the individual vessels are not limited to specific parts of the world. Furthermore, the internal management reporting does not provide such information. Consequently, it is not possible to provide geographical segment information on revenue from external customers or non-current segment assets.

The accounting policies applied for the segments regarding recognition and measurement are consistent with the policies for TORM as described in this note.

The segment income statement comprises revenues directly attributable to the segment and expenses, which are directly or indirectly attributable to the segment. Indirect allocation of expenses is based on distribution keys reflecting the segment's use of shared resources.

The segment non-current assets consist of the non-current assets used directly for segment operations.

Current assets are allocated to segments to the extent that they are directly attributable to segment operations, including inventories, outstanding freight or other receivables and prepayments.

Segment liabilities comprise segment operating liabilities including trade payables and other liabilities.

Not-allocated items primarily comprise assets and liabilities as well as revenues and expenses relating to the Company's administrative functions and investment activities, including cash and bank balances, interest-bearing debt, income tax, deferred tax, etc.

Employee benefits

Wages, salaries, social security contributions, paid holiday and sick leave, bonuses and other monetary and non-monetary benefits are accrued in the year in which the employees render the associated services.

Pension plans

The Group has entered into defined contribution plans only. Pension costs related to defined contribution plans are recorded in the income statement in the year to which they relate.

Share-based compensation

For the period 2007-2009, the Management and all land-based employees and officers employed on permanent contracts (apart from  trainees, apprentices and cadets) that were directly employed by TORM A/S participated in an incentive scheme, which includes grant of shares and share options. In 2010, a new incentive scheme including share options has been established for Management and certain key employees. the schemes do not provide the choice of cash settlement instead of shares. The fair value of the shares and share options granted under the schemes is measured at the grant date and is recognized in the income statement as a personnel expense under administrative expenses and operating costs over the vesting period. The counter item is recognized in equity. the fair value is measured based on the Black-Scholes and the Monte Carlo models.

 
F-14

 


Leases

Agreements to charter in vessels and to lease other plant and operating equipment, where TORM has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership, are recognized in the balance sheet as finance leases. Lease assets are measured at the lower of fair value and the present value of minimum lease payments determined in the agreements.

For the purpose of calculating the present value, the interest rate implicit in the lease or an incremental borrowing rate is used as discount factor. The lease assets are depreciated and written down under the same accounting policy as the vessels owned by the Company or over the lease period depending on the lease terms.

The corresponding lease obligation is recognized as a liability in the balance sheet, and the interest element of the lease payment is charged to the income statement as incurred.

Other charter agreements concerning vessels and other leases are classified as operating leases, and lease payments are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The obligation for the remaining lease period is disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.

Agreements to charter out vessels, where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the lessee, are classified as finance leases, and an amount equal to the net investment in the lease is recognized and presented in the balance sheet as a receivable. The carrying amount of the vessel is de-recognized and any gain or loss on disposal is recognized in the income statement.

Other agreements to charter out vessels are classified as operating leases and lease income is recognized in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Sale and leaseback transactions

A gain or loss related to a sale and leaseback transaction resulting in a finance lease is deferred and amortized in proportion to the gross rental on the time charter over the lease term.

A gain related to a sale and leaseback transaction resulting in an operating lease is recognized in the income statement immediately, provided the transaction is agreed on market terms or the sales price is lower than the fair value. If the sales price exceeds the fair value, the difference between the sales price and the fair value is deferred and amortized in proportion to the lease payments over the life of the lease. A loss related to a sale and leaseback transaction resulting in an operating lease is recognized in the income statement at the date of the transaction except if the loss is compensated by future lease payments below fair value. In addition, the loss is deferred and amortized in proportion to the lease payments over the life of the lease.


INCOME STATEMENT

Revenue
Income, including revenue, is recognized in the income statement when:

·  
The income creating activities have been carried out on the basis of a binding agreement
 
·  
The income can be measured reliably
 
·  
It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the company
 
·  
Costs relating to the transaction can be measured reliably
 

Revenue comprises freight, charter hire and demurrage revenues from the vessels and gains and losses from forward freight agreements designated as hedges. Revenue is recognized when it meets the general criteria mentioned above and when the stage of completion can be measured reliably. Accordingly, freight, charter hire and demurrage revenue are recognized at selling price upon delivery of the service according to the charter parties concluded.

 
F-15

 



Port expenses, bunkers and commissions

Port expenses, bunker fuel consumption and commissions are recognized as incurred. Gains and losses from forward bunker contracts designated as hedges and write-down and provisions for losses on freight receivables are included in this line.

Freight and bunkers derivatives

Freight and bunkers derivatives include fair value adjustments and gains and losses on forward freight agreements, forward bunker contracts and other derivative financial instruments directly relating to shipping activities which are not designated as hedges.

Charter hire

Charter hire includes the expenses related to the chartering in of vessels incurred in order to achieve the net revenue for the period.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses, which comprise crew expenses, repair and maintenance expenses and tonnage duty, are expensed as incurred.

Net profit from sale of vessels

Profit or loss from sale of vessels is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, and it is measured as the difference between the sales price less sales costs and the carrying amount of the asset. Net profit from sale of vessels also includes onerous contracts related to sale of vessels.

Administrative expenses

Administrative expenses, which comprise administrative staff costs, management costs, office expenses and other expenses relating to administration, are expensed as incurred.

Other operating income

Other operating income primarily comprises chartering commissions, management fees and profits and losses deriving from the disposal of other plant and operating equipment.

Impairment losses on jointly controlled entities

Impairment losses on jointly controlled entities comprise the reduction in the value of the equity investment in jointly controlled entities by the amount by which the carrying amount of the investment exceeds its recoverable amount. In the event of indication of impairment of value, the carrying amount is assessed and the value of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount equal to the higher of the value in use based on net present value of future earnings from the assets and its net selling price.

Amortizations, depreciation and impairment losses

Amortizations, depreciation and impairment losses comprise amortization of other intangible assets and depreciation of tangible fixed assets for the period as well as the reduction in the value of assets by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. In the event of indication of impairment, the carrying amount is assessed and the value of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount equal to the higher of value in use based on net present value of future earnings from the assets and its net selling price. The recoverable amount of goodwill is assessed every quarter.

 
F-16

 


Financial income

Financial income comprises interest income, realized and unrealized exchange rate gains relating to transactions in currencies other than the functional currency, realized gains from other equity investments and securities, unrealized gains from securities, dividends received and other financial income including value adjustments of certain financial instruments not accounted for as hedging instruments.

Interest is recognized in accordance with the accrual basis of accounting taking into account the effective interest rate. Dividends from other investments are recognized when the right to receive payment has been decided, which is typically when the dividend has been declared and can be received without conditions.

Financial expenses

Financial expenses comprise interest expenses, financing costs of finance leases, realized and unrealized exchange rate losses relating to transactions in currencies other than the functional currency, realized losses from other equity investments and securities, unrealized losses from securities and other financial expenses including value adjustments of certain financial instruments not accounted for as hedging instruments.

Interest is recognized in accordance with the accrual basis of accounting taking into account the effective interest rate.

Tax
In Denmark, TORM A/S is jointly taxed with its Danish subsidiaries. The Parent company provides for and pays the aggregate Danish tax of the taxable income of these companies, but recovers the relevant portion of the taxes paid from the subsidiaries based on each entity's portion of the aggregate taxable income. Tax expenses include the expected tax including tonnage tax of the taxable income for the year for the Group, adjustments relating to previous years and the change in deferred tax for the year. However, tax relating to items posted in equity is posted directly in equity.


BALANCE SHEET

Goodwill

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the cost of the business combination over the fair value of the acquired assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities and is recognized as an asset under intangible assets. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested at least once every year for impairment. Goodwill is for impairment testing purposes allocated to those cash generating units, to which it relates.

Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets were acquired in connection with the acquisition of OMI and are amortized over their useful lives, which vary from one to 15 years.

Other plant and operating equipment

Land is measured at cost.

Buildings are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Buildings are depreciated on a straight-line basis over 50 years.

Operating equipment is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation. Computer equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over three years, and other operating equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over five years.

 
F-17

 


Leasehold improvements are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, and leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the term of the lease and the estimated useful life. Cost comprises acquisition cost and costs directly related to the acquisition up until the time when the asset is ready for use.

Investments in jointly controlled entities

Investments in jointly controlled entities comprise investments in companies which are by agreement managed jointly with one or more companies and therefore subject to joint control and are measured at equity value.

Financial assets

Financial assets are initially recognized on settlement date at fair value plus transaction costs, except for financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, which are recognized at fair value. Financial assets are de-recognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the assets have expired or have been transferred. Financial assets are classified as:

·  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
 
·  
Held-to-maturity investments
 
·  
Loans and receivables
 
·  
Available-for-sale financial assets
 

Other investments

Other investments comprise shares in other companies and are classified as available-for-sale. Listed shares are measured at the market value at the balance sheet date, and unlisted shares are measured at estimated fair value. unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of shares are recognized in other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses resulting from sales of shares are recognized as financial items in the income statement. The cumulative value adjustment recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred to the income statement when the shares are sold. Dividends on shares in other companies are recognized as income in the period in which they are declared.

Other investments are presented as non-current unless Management intends to dispose of the investments within 12 months of the balance sheet date.

Other financial assets

Other financial assets comprise TORM's rights to a share of the gain on purchase options on vessels, which were acquired as part of the acquisition of OMI, and are classified as derivative financial instruments. The rights are measured and recognized at fair value, and the change for the period is recognized in the income statement under financial income or expenses.

Receivables

Outstanding freight receivables and other receivables that are of a current nature, expected to be realized within 12 months from the balance sheet date, are classified as loans and receivables and presented as current assets. Receivables are measured at the lower of amortized cost and net realizable values, which corresponds to nominal value less provision for bad debts. Derivative financial instruments included in other receivables are measured at fair value.

 
F-18

 


Impairment of assets

Non-current assets are reviewed quarterly to determine any indication of impairment either due to a significant decline in the assets' market value or in the cash flows generated by the assets. In case of such indication, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated as the higher of the assets' net selling price and its value in use. The value in use is the present value of the future cash flows expected to derive from an asset. If the recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable amount. The impairment loss is recognized immediately in the income statement.

For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets including goodwill and time charter and bareboat contracts are grouped at the lowest levels at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. The two cash generating units of the Company are the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division.

Bunkers

Bunkers and luboil are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost is determined by the FIFO method and includes expenditures incurred in acquiring the bunkers and luboil and delivery cost less discounts.

Treasury shares

Treasury shares are recognized as a separate component of equity at cost. upon subsequent disposal of treasury shares, any consideration is also recognized directly in equity.

Dividend

Dividend is recognized as a liability at the time of declaration at the Annual General Meeting. Dividend proposed for the year is moved from "Retained profit" and presented as a separate component of equity.

Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that it will lead to an outflow of resources that can be reliably estimated. Provisions are measured at the estimated liability that is expected to arise.

Acquired liabilities related to options on vessel

As part of the acquisition of OMI, the Company acquired certain option obligations relating to vessels chartered out on time charter contracts. The option obligations are classified as derivative financial instruments and are recognized at fair value. The change for the period is recognized in the income statement under financial income or expenses.

Acquired time charter contracts

As part of the acquisition of OMI, the Company acquired certain time charter contracts which have terms that are less favorable than the market terms prevailing at the time of the acquisition. The Company has recognized a liability based on the estimated fair value of these contracts and is amortizing this liability over the remaining term of the contracts. The change for the period is recognized in the income statement under revenue.

Other liabilities

Liabilities are generally measured at mortised cost. Mortgage debt and bank loans relating to the financing of vessels are initially measured at nominal amounts less premiums and costs incurred in the loan arrangement and subsequently at amortized cost with the difference between the loan proceeds and the nominal value being recognized in the income statement over the term of the loan. Derivative financial instruments included in other liabilities are measured at fair value.

 
F-19

 



Cash flow statement

The cash flow statement shows the Company's cash flows and cash and cash equivalents at the beginning and the end of the period.

Cash flow from operating activities is presented using the indirect method and is based on net profit for the year adjusted for tax expenses, financial income and expenses, profit from sale of vessels, non-cash operating items, changes in working capital, income tax paid, dividends received and interest paid/received.

Cash flow from investing activities comprises dividends received and the purchase and sale of tangible fixed assets and financial fixed assets.

Cash flow from financing activities comprises changes in long-term debt, bank loans, purchases or sales of treasury shares and dividend paid to shareholders.

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and highly liquid bonds with a term to maturity not exceeding three months. Other bonds and other equity investments are classified as investment activities.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the consolidated profit or loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Treasury shares are not included in the calculation. Purchases and sales of treasury shares during the period are weighted based on the remaining period.

Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting the consolidated profit or loss available to common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all potentially dilutive shares. Such potentially dilutive common shares are excluded when the effect would be to increase earnings per share or reduce a loss per share.

NOTE 2
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are affected by the way TORM applies its accounting policies. An accounting estimate is considered critical if the estimate requires Management to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the estimate was made, different estimates could reasonably have been used or if changes in the estimate that would have a material impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. Management believes that the accounting estimates applied are appropriate and the resulting balances are reasonable. However, actual results could differ from the original estimates requiring adjustments to these balances in future periods.

Management believes that the following are the significant accounting estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statement:

 
F-20

 


Carrying amounts of vessels

The Company evaluates the carrying amounts of the vessels to determine if events have occurred that would require a modification of their carrying amounts. The valuation of vessels is reviewed based on events and changes in circumstances that would indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recovered. In assessing the recoverability of the vessels, the Company reviews certain indicators of potential impairment such as reported sale and purchase prices, market demand and general market conditions. Furthermore, market valuations from leading, independent and internationally recognized shipbroking companies are obtained on a quarterly basis as part of the review for potential impairment indicators. If an indication of impairment is identified, the need for recognizing an impairment loss is assessed by comparing the carrying amount of the vessels to the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value in use.

The review for potential impairment indicators and projection of future undiscounted and discounted cash flows related to the vessels is complex and requires the Company to make various estimates including future freight rates, earnings from the vessels and discount rates. All of these items have been historically volatile.

The carrying amounts of TORM's vessels may not represent their fair market value at any point in time as market prices of second-hand vessels to a certain degree tend to fluctuate with changes in charter rates and the cost of newbuildings. However, if the estimated future cash flow or related assumptions in the future experience change an impairment of vessels may be required.

There were no impairments of vessels recorded in 2009 or 2010.

Tax

All significant Danish entities within the Group entered into the Danish tonnage tax scheme with effect from 1 January 2001 and have filed tax returns up to 2009. The assessment of the tax returns by the tax authorities has not yet been completed for 2007 to 2009. The complaint filed by TORM regarding the assessments for the years 2001 to 2005 was withdrawn in 2010. The tax regulations are highly complex, and while the Group aims to ensure the estimates of tax assets and liabilities that it records are accurate, there may be instances where the process of agreeing the tax liabilities with the tax authorities could require adjustments to be made to estimates previously recorded.

It is the Group's assessment that there is uncertainty as to the estimate of taxes payable as of December 31, 2010 due to the lack of precedents that have interpreted the tonnage tax regulation. The estimate is based on scenario analyses and discussions with the tax authorities, tax advisers and industry organizations, and the uncertainty primarily relates to the split of the activities between income and expenses from shipping-related activities, which are taxed under the tonnage tax scheme, and income and expenses from other activities, which are not taxed under the tonnage tax scheme.

 
F-21

 



NOTE 3 - NET EARNINGS FROM SHIPPING ACTIVITIES (in USD million)
 
   
For the year ended December 31, 2008
 
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total
 
CONSOLIDATED SEGMENT INFORMATION
INCOME STATEMENT
                       
Revenue
    923.2       260.4       0.0       1,183.6  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (252.2 )     (11.9 )     0.0       (264.1 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    (13.6 )     0.0       0.0       (13.6 )
                                 
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings
    657.4       248.5       0.0       905.9  
Charter hire
    (133.8 )     (60.0 )     0.0       (193.8 )
Operating expenses
    (160.0 )     (14.3 )     0.0       (174.3 )
                                 
Gross profit/(loss) (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    363.6       174.2       0.0       537.8  
Profit/(loss) from sale of vessels
    30.6       52.2       0.0       82.8  
Administrative expenses
    (82.6 )     (7.3 )     0.0       (89.9 )
Other operating income
    14.4       0.1       0.0       14.5  
Share of results of jointly controlled entities
    8.0       0.0       19.1       27.1  
Depreciation and impairment losses
    (118.7 )     (7.3 )     0.0       (126.0 )
                                 
Operating profit
    215.3       211.9       19.1       446.3  
Financial income
                    16.2       16.2  
Financial expenses
                    (102.4 )     (102.4 )
                                 
Profit/(loss) before tax
                    (67.1 )     360.1  
Tax expenses
                    1.3       1.3  
                                 
Net profit/(loss) for the year
                    (65.8 )     361.4  
                                 
                                 
BALANCE
 
As of December 31, 2008
 
Total non-current assets
    2,542.9       199.0       171.3       2,913.2  
Total liabilities
    177.0       7.8       1,853.6       2,038.4  
                                 
OTHER INFORMATION
                               
Additions to intangible assets and tangible fixed assets
    309.1       68.7       0.0       377.8  
Impairment losses recognized in the income statement
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Reversal of impairment losses recognized in the income statement
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Investments in jointly controlled entities
    7.8       0.0       122.7       130.5  

The activity that TORM owns in a 50/50 joint venture with Teekay and the 50% ownership of FR8 Holding Pte. Ltd. is included in "Not allocated."

During the year there have been no transactions between the Tanker and the Bulk segments, and therefore all the revenue derives from external customers.
 

 
F-22

 
 
 
   
For the year ended December 31, 2009
 
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total
 
CONSOLIDATED SEGMENT INFORMATION
INCOME STATEMENT
                       
Revenue
    745,2       117.1       0.0       862.3  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (213.5 )     (3.9 )     0.0       (217.4 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    (12.0 )     0.0       0.0       (12.0 )
                                      
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings
    519,7       113.2       0.0       632.9  
Charter hire
    (163.0 )     (57,9 )     0.0       (220.9 )
Operating expenses
    (159.0 )     (10.5 )     0.0       (169.5 )
                                   
Gross profit/(loss) (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    197.7       44.8       0.0       242.5  
Net profit from sale of vessels
    0.0       33.1       0.0       33.1  
Administrative expenses
    (71.7 )     (6.5 )     0.0       (78.2 )
Other operating income
    7.4       0.0       0.0       7.4  
Share of results of jointly controlled entities
    3.5       0.0       (5.8 )     (2.3 )
Impairment losses on jointly controlled entities
    0.0       0.0       (20.0 )     (20.0 )
Amortizations, depreciation and impairment losses
    (126.1 )     (6.6 )     0.0       (132.7 )
                                 
Operating profit
    10.8       64.8       (25.8 )     49.8  
Financial income
                    6.1       6.1  
Financial expenses
                    (74.9 )     (74.9 )
                                 
Profit/(loss) before tax
                    (94.6 )     (19.0 )
Tax expenses
                    1.6       1.6  
                                 
Net profit/(loss) for the year
                    (93.0 )     (17.4 )
                                 
 
 
F-23

 
 
 
BALANCE
                               
 
 
As of December 31, 2009
 
Total non-current assets
    2,655.8       131.1       156.6       2,943.5  
Total liabilities
    67.7       4.1       1,908.7       1,980.5  
                                 
OTHER INFORMATION
                               
Additions to intangible assets and tangible fixed assets
    261,2       26.4       0.0       287.6  
Impairment losses recognized in the income statement
    0.0       0.0       (20.0 )     (20.0 )
Reversal of impairment losses recognized in the income statement
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Investments in jointly controlled entities
    8.3       0.0       114.7       123.0  
                                 

 

The activity that TORM owned in a 50/50 joint venture with Teekay and the 50% ownership of FR8 Holding Pte. Ltd. is included in "Not allocated."

During the year, there have been no transactions between the Tanker and the Bulk segments, and therefore all the revenue derives from external customers.
 
Revenue under the Bulk Segment includes an income of USD 26 million, which relates to compensation received for premature redelivery to TORM of four Panamax bulk carriers on long-term time charter contracts.
 
Please also refer to the section Segment information in note 1.
 
   
For the year ended December 31, 2010
 
   
Tanker
   
Bulk
   
Not allocated
   
Total
 
CONSOLIDATED SEGMENT INFORMATION
INCOME STATEMENT
                       
Revenue
    762.9       93.2       0.0       856.1  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (293.7 )     (5.1 )     0.0       (298.8 )
Freight and bunkers derivatives
    (3.5 )     (0.2 )     0.0       3.3  
                                 
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings
    472.7       87.9       0.0       560.6  
Charter hire
    (168.9 )     (59.7 )     0.0       (228.6 )
Operating expenses
    (148.4 )     (3.8 )     0.0       (152.2 )
                                 
 

 
F-24

 
 
Gross profit/(loss) (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    155.4       24.4       0.0       179.8  
Net profit/(loss) from sale of vessels
    0.0       1.9       0.0       1.9  
Administrative expenses
    (70.0 )     (8.2 )     0.0       (78.2 )
Other operating income
    4.8       0.0       0.0       4.8  
Share of results of jointly controlled entities
    1.4       0.0       (12.9 )     (11.5 )
Impairment losses on jointly controlled entities
    0.0       0.0       (35.0 )     (35.0 )
Amortization, depreciation and impairment losses
    (138.7 )     (2.7 )     0.0       (141.4 )
                                 
Operating profit
    (47.1 )     15.4       (47.9 )     (79.6 )
Financial income
                    2.7       2.7  
Financial expenses
                    (59.3 )     (59.3 )
                                 
Profit/(loss) before tax
                    (104.5 )     (136.2 )
Tax expenses
                    1.0       1.0  
                                 
Net profit/(loss) for the year
                    (103.5 )     (135.2 )
                                 
BALANCE
                               
 
 
As of December 31, 2010
 
Total non-current assets
    2,781.4       157.3       45.0       2,983.7  
Total liabilities
    105.9       4.8       2,060.1       2,170.8  
                                 
OTHER INFORMATION
                               
Additions to intangible assets and tangible fixed assets
    236.9       44.6       0.0       281.5  
Impairment losses recognized in the income statement
    0.0       0.0       (35.0 )     (35.0 )
Reversal of impairment losses recognized in the income statement
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Investments in jointly controlled entities
    6.1       0.0       66.8       72.9  



The activity in TORM's 50% ownership of FR8 Holding Pte. Ltd. is included in "Not allocated."

During the year there have been no transactions between the Tanker and the Bulk segments, and therefore all revenue derives from external customers.
 
TORM consists of two business segments: The Tanker Division and Bulk Division. This segmentation is based on the Group's internal management and reporting structure.
 
The Group has only one geographical segment, because the Company considers the global market as a whole, and as the individual vessels are not limited to specific parts of the world.
 
In the Tanker Division, a major portion of the Company's freight revenue is concentrated on a small group of customers. In 2010, one customer in the Tanker Division accounted for 11% (2009: 13%) of the total freight revenue of the Company.
 
Please also refer to the section Segment information in note 1.
 

 
F-25

 
NOTE 4 - STAFF COSTS (in USD million)
 
   
For the years ended December 31
 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Total staff costs
                 
Staff costs included in operating
expenses
    22.2       22.0       20.9  
Staff costs included in administrative expenses
    59.1       45.1       49.6  
                         
Total
    81.3       67.1       70.5  
                         
Staff costs comprise the following
                       
Wages and salaries
    66.7       54.3       62.8  
Share-based compensation
    8.9       7.0       2.3  
Pension costs
    4.5       4.8       4.7  
Other social security costs
    1.2       1.0       0.7  
                         
Total
    81.3       67.1       70.5  
                         
Hereof remuneration to the Board of Directors and salaries to the Management
                       
Wages and salaries
    7.1       5.1       17.3  
Share-based compensation
    1.5       1.1       0.6  
Pension and social security costs
    0.2       0.2       0.1  
                         
Total
    8.8       6.4       18.0  
                         
                         
Hereof remuneration to the Board of directors
    0.9       1.1       0.9  
Hereof salaries to the Management
    7.9       5.3       17.1  
                         
Total
    8.8       6.4       18.0  
                         


Hereof remuneration to the
Board of Directors and salaries
to the Management
                 
2008
 
Board remuneration
   
Committee remuneration
   
Total short-term benefits
 
Niels-Erik Nielsen
    196       10       206  
Christian Frigast
    128       20       148  
Peter Abildgaard
    79       0       79  
Lennart Arrias
    79       0       79  
Margrethe Bligaard
    79       0       79  
Bo Jagd (appointed on 22 April 2008)
    54       7       61  
Gabriel Panayotides
    79       0       79  
E. Michael Steimler (appointed on 22 April 2008)
    54       0       54  
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos
    79       7       86  
                         
Total for 2008
    827       44       871  
                         
 

 
F-26

 
 
   
Short-term benefits
 
2008
 
Salaries
   
Bonus
   
Pension
   
Share-based compensation
   
Total
 
Klaus Kjærulff (1 January – 30 September 2008)
    914       2,356       88       948       4,306  
Mikael Skov
    904       1,325       88       581       2,898  
Roland M. Andersen (started on 26 May 2008)
    430       293       40       9       772  
                                         
Total for 2008
    2,248       3,974       216       1,538       7,976  
                                         



Hereof remuneration to the
Board of Directors and salaries
to the Management
                 
2009
 
Board remuneration
   
Committee remuneration
   
Total short-term benefits
 
Niels-Erik Nielsen
    280       9       289  
Christian Frigast
    121       19       140  
Peter Abildgaard
    75       0       75  
Lennart Arrias
    75       0       75  
Margrethe Bligaard
    75       0       75  
Bo Jagd
    75       9       84  
Jesper Jarlbæk (appointed on 22 April 2009)
    51       7       58  
Gabriel Panayotides
    75       7       82  
E. Michael Steimler (resigned on 19 August 2000)
    47       0       47  
Angelos Papoulias (appointed on 22 April 2009)
    51       0       51  
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos
    75       9       84  
                         
Total for 2009
    1,000       60       1,060  
                         

 

         
Short-term benefits
 
2009
 
Salaries
   
Bonus
   
Pension
   
Share-based compensation
   
One-off compensation
   
Total
 
Mikael Skov
    848       0       84       746       1,865       3,543  
Roland M. Andersen
    681       633       63       399       0       1,776  
                                                 
Total for 2009
    1,529       633       147       1,145       1,865       5,319  
                                                 

One-off compensation for Mikael Skov is compensation for taking the position as CEO in the interim period until Jacob Meldgaard joined as new CEO.

 
F-27

 
 
Bonus for Roland M. Andersen was guaranteed as part of the employment contract from 2008.
 
 
Hereof remuneration to the
Board of Directors and salaries
to the Management
                 
2010
 
Board remuneration
   
Committee remuneration
   
Total short-term benefits
 
Niels-Erik Nielsen
    176       9       185  
Christian Frigast
    115       17       132  
Peter Abildgaard
    71       0       71  
Lennart Arrias
    71       0       71  
Margrethe Bligaard
    71       0       71  
Bo Jagd
    71       8       79  
Jesper Jarlbæk
    71       8       79  
Gabriel Panayotides
    71       8       79  
Angelos Papoulias
    71       0       71  
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos
    71       8       79  
                         
Total for 2010
    859       58       917  
                         


         
Short-term benefits
 
Executive Management 2010
 
Salaries
   
Bonus
   
Pension
   
Share-based compensation
   
One-off compensation
   
Total
 
Jacob Meldgaard (started on 1 April 2010)
    705       0       0       14       11,654       12,373  
Roland M. Andersen
    682       378       21       278       0       1,359  
Mikael Skov (1 January – 11 March 2010)
    356       0       21       312       2,670       3,359  
                                                 
Total for 2010
    1,743       378       42       604       14,324       17,091  
                                                 

 
One-off compensation for Mikael Skov is compensation for taking the position as CEO in the interim period until Jacob Meldgaard joined as new CEO.
 
One-off compensation for Jacob Meldgaard constituting a provision of USD 11.7 million covers the company's obligation to compensate Jacob Meldgaard for the loss he may incur on granted share options, bonus, a.o., that he forfeited due to his resignation from his previous employment. The amount will be conclusively settled and paid in 2012. Bonus for Roland M. Andersen was guaranteed as part of the employment contract from 2008.
 
Employee information
 
The average number of permanently employed staff in the Group in the financial year was 533 (2009: 573).
The majority of the staff on vessels are not employed by TORM.
The average number of employees is calculated as a full-time equivalent (FTE).
The members of Management are, in the event of termination by the company, entitled to a severance payment of up to 24 months' salary.
 

 
F-28

 
 
INCENTIVE SCHEME FOR MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN EMPLOYEES FOR 2010-2012

In 2010, a share option based incentive scheme was established for 39 employees including the executive Management, members of the management group and certain key employees. The Board of Directors is not included in the program. The program comprises share options only and aims at incentivizing the participants to seek to improve the results of the company and thereby the value of the Company, i.e. the share price, to the mutual benefit of themselves and the shareholders of TORM.

The share options can be granted in 2010, 2011 and 2012, and each year the share options are granted at the discretion of the Board of Directors in accordance with criteria determined by the Board of  Directors. The share options vest in connection with the publication of the annual report in the third calendar year following the grant. Vested share options may be exercised from the vesting date until the publication of the annual report in the sixth year from the grant.

The total number of share options granted under the program in the financial year 2010 was 935,736. each share option gives the employee the right to acquire one TORM share of a nominal value of DKK 5. The Company expects that an equivalent total number of share options will be issued in each of the years 2011 and 2012. The share options must be settled in shares.

For grants made in 2010, the exercise price is DKK 49.23 and is calculated as the average of the quoted closing price on NASDAQ OMX Copenhagen a/S for the day of the publication of the interim financial report for the third quarter of 2010 and the following four business days plus a hurdle rate of 12% per annum calculated from the grant until the vesting date.

For grants made in 2011 and 2012, the exercise price will be determined as the sum of the average of the quoted closing price of the NASDAQ OMX Copenhagen a/S for the day of the publication of the annual report for 2010 and 2011, respectively, and the following four business days plus a hurdle rate of 12% per annum calculated from the grant until the vesting date.

The program is subject to Danish law and includes certain adjustment provisions and exercise conditions and other terms customary for share option programs of this nature.

In 2010, an expense of USD 0.1 million has been recognized in the income statement regarding share options granted in 2010.

The fair value of the share options granted in 2010 is based on the Black-Scholes model calculated at USD 1.6 million as per the grant date.

The key assumptions for the calculation of the fair value based on the Black-Scholes model are:

 
·  
The share price at the time of grant is estimated at DKK 34.70 per share based on the closing price at NASDAQ OMX Copenhagen A/S as at 24 November 2010
 
·  
The exercise price is adjusted for TORM dividends
 
·  
The expected dividend rate at the grant date is 0%
 
·  
The volatility on the TORM share is estimated based on the Company's historical volatility and was estimated at 47.76%
 
·  
The risk free interest rate based upon expiry of the options is 1.81%
  The options are on average held for a period of 3.8 years 
 

 
F-29

 
 
Changes in outstanding share options are as follows:

   
Total options
 
Number of share options
 
2010
 
Share option program – 2010 to 2012
     
       
Executive Management
     
Granted
    304,131  
Transferred to resigned employees
    0  
Exercised
    0  
Forfeited/expired in 2010
    0  
         
Not exercised at December 31, 2010
    304,131  
         
         
Other employees
       
Granted
    631,605  
Transferred to resigned employees
    0  
Exercised
    0  
Forfeited/expired in 2010
    0  
         
Not exercised at December 31, 2010
    631,605  
         
         
Resigned employees
       
Granted
    0  
Transferred from Management and other employees
    0  
Exercised
    0  
Forfeited/expired in 2010
    0  
         
Not exercised at December 31, 2010
    0  
         
         
Total number of share options not exercised at December 31, 2010
    935,736  
         
Total number of share options that could be exercised at December 31, 2010
    0  

INCENTIVE SCHEME FOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES FOR
2007-2009

In 2007, an incentive scheme was established for all land-based employees and officers employed on permanent contracts (apart from trainees, apprentices and cadets) that were directly employed in TORM A/S. The Board of Directors is not included in the program. The program covers the financial years of 2007, 2008 and 2009. The program consists of both bonuses and share options.

Bonus

The bonus was awarded based on TORM achieving a calculated RoIC (Return on Invested Capital) in each financial year compared to each year's budgeted RoIC. If the RoIC is higher or lower, the amount available for bonuses will be adjusted accordingly. 75% of the achieved bonus will be paid in cash and 25% in shares, which the employee will own provided that the employee is still employed by the Company after a period of two years. The number of shares granted to the employee will depend on the market price for the TORM share when TORM's annual report for the grant year is published. In addition to the RoIC based bonus, a discretionary bonus could be awarded. In 2009, the RoIC target was not achieved and consequently only the discretionary bonus was awarded. The individual employee's share of the bonus was based partly on the individual's salary and partly on the evaluation of the individual's performance. The employee received the bonus after the publication of TORM's annual report. For the financial year 2010 no bonus has been awarded under this program as it only covers the financial years 2007-2009.
 

 
F-30

 
 
The number of granted shares for 2007 amounts to 106,622 shares of which 11,838 are forfeited. In March 2010, the vesting period for the shares granted in 2007 expired and consequently 94,784 shares have been transferred to the employees in the financial year 2010. The number of granted shares for 2008 amounts to 400,214 shares of which 118,750 are forfeited. no shares have been granted in 2009.

An expense of USD 0.8 million (2009: USD 2.1 million) relating to the amortization of shares for 2007-2008 has been recognized in the income statement for 2010.

Please refer to the annual reports for 2007-2009 for further information regarding bonus under this program in 2007-2009.

Share options

No share options have been granted under this program during the financial year 2010 (2009: 1,245,764). In 2010, 199,324 (2009: 35,544) of the share options granted in 2009, 199,607 (2009: 39,546) of the share options granted in 2008 and 1,358 (2009: 23,491) of the share options granted in 2007 are forfeited. each share option gives the employee the right to acquire one TORM share of a nominal value of DKK 5. The share options can only be settled in shares. The Company's holding of treasury shares covers the share option program.

The share options consist of two elements:

Approximately 50% of the share options were granted with a fixed exercise price (standard options). For the share options granted in 2007, the price is DKK 148.3 per share, and for the following years DKK 159.7 and DKK 171.0 respectively after adjustment for the extraordinary dividend paid out in September 2007 and December 2008.

Approximately 50% of the share options were granted with an exercise price that is determined ultimately with the publication of TORM's annual report after a three-year period, i.e. for the grant for 2009, in March 2012. The exercise price is determined by the relative development in TORM's share price in relation to a defined peer group (peer group options). If the TORM share develops relatively better than the peer group, the share options will have a value.
 
All share options can be exercised after three years from grant and should be at the latest exercised three years later, however observing the rules about insider trading. For the 2009 grant, share options can be exercised after the publication of the annual report for 2011, in March 2012, and shall be exercised by March 2015 at the latest, and for the 2008 grant, share options can be exercised after the publication of the annual report for 2010, in March 2011, and shall be exercised by March 2014 at the latest. Finally, for the 2007 grant, share options can be exercised after the publication of the annual report for 2009, in March 2010, and shall be exercised by March 2013 at the latest. The share options will be in accordance with Danish law, and the conditions include continued employment in the Company until the share options have vested. In 2010, a total expense of USD 1.4 million (2009: USD 4.9 million) has been recognized in the income statement regarding share options, of which USD 0.4 million relates to share options granted in 2009 (2009: USD 0.5 million), USD 0.5 million (2009: U SD 1.5 million) relates to share options granted in 2008 and USD 0.5 million (2009: USD 2.9 million) relates to share options granted in 2007.

The fair value of the share options granted in 2009, 2008 and 2007 was based on the Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo models and calculated at USD 1.4 million for the 2009 grant, USD 6.3 million for the 2008 grant and USD 10.9 million for the 2007 grant as per the grant date.

The key assumptions for the calculation of the fair value based on the  Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo models are:

    ·  
The share price at the measurement date is estimated at DKK 48.6 per share for the 2009 grant, DKK 140.0 for the 2008 grant and DKK 202.25 for the 2007 grant based on the share price at NASDAQ OMX Copenhagen a/S as per 10 July 2009 for the 2009 grant, 31 March 2008 for the 2008 grant and 9 august 2007 for the 2007 grant.
 

 
F-31

 
 
    ·  
The exercise price (before adjustment for extraordinary dividends) is DKK 201 per share for the 2009 grant, DKK 190 for the 2008 grant and DKK 179 for the 2007 grant.
    ·  
The exercise price will be adjusted for extraordinary TORM dividends amounting to an adjustment of DKK 30.0 per share for the 2009 grant, DKK 30.3 per share for the 2008 grant and DKK 30.7 per share for the 2007 grant.
    ·  
The expected dividend rate at the grant date is estimated at 3% for the 2009 grant, 3% for the 2008 grant and 3% for the 2007 grant of the equity per annum.
    ·  
The volatility of the TORM share is estimated based on the Company's historical volatility and was estimated at 39.2% for the 2009 grant, 34.9% for the 2008 grant and 36% for the 2007 grant, and for the peer group at 30.8% for the 2009 grant, 26% for the 2008 grant and 22% for the 2007 grant.
    ·  
The risk free interest rate based upon expiry of the options is 2.7% for the 2009 grant, 3.8% for the 2008 grant and 4.5% for the 2007 grant.
    ·  
The options are on average held for a period of 4.2 year for the 2009 grant, 4.5 year for the 2008 grant and 4.1 year for the 2007 grant.
    ·  
The correlation rate between peer group and TORM is 92.5% for the 2009 grant, 92.5% for the 2008 grant and 92.5% for the 2007 grant, based on the correlation on the yearly return for the historical share prices during the last ten years.
 

Changes in outstanding share options are as follows:
                       
 
  Total options     Options allocation per year  
   
2010
    2007     2008     2009  
Share option programme – 2007 to 2009
                       
                         
Executive Management
                       
Granted
    752,119       328,349       200,009       223,761  
Transferred to resigned employees
    (528,358 )     (328,349 )     (200,009 )     0  
Exercised
    0       0       0       0  
Forfeited/expired 2007-2009
    0       0       0       0  
Forfeited/expired 2010
    0       0       0       0  
                                 
Not exercised at December 31, 2010
    223,761       0       0       223,761  
                                 
                                 
Other employees
                               
Granted
    2,628,779       759,013       847,763       1,022,003  
Transferred to resigned employees
    (400,297 )     (260,281 )     (49,322 )     (90,694 )
Exercised
    0       0       0       0  
Forfeited/expired 2007-2009
    (168,506 )     (68,464 )     (64,498 )     (35,544 )
Forfeited/expired 2010
    (400,289 )     (1,358 )     (199,607 )     (199,324 )
                                 
Not exercised at December 31, 2010
    1,659,687       428,910       534,336       696,441  
                                 
                                 
Resigned employees
                               
Granted
    39,590       0       39,590       0  
Transferred from management and other employees
    928,655       588,630       249,331       90,694  
Exercised
    0       0       0       0  
Forfeited/expired 2007-2009
    0       0       0       0  
Forfeited/expired 2010
    0       0       0       0  
                                 
Not exercised at December 31, 2010
    968,245       588,630       288,921       90,694  
                                 
Total number of not exercised at December 31, 2010
    2,851,693       1,017,540       823,257       1,010,896  
                                 
 

 
F-32

 
 
Of which:
                               
Share options with a fixed exercise price
    1,264,566       451,209       365,064       448,293  
Share options with an exercise price based on peer group
    1,587,127       566,331       458,193       562,603  
                                 
Total number of share options not exercised at 31 December 2009
    3,251,982       1,018,898       1,022,864       1,210,220  
                                 
                                 
Total number of share options that could be exercised at December 31, 2010:
                               
Share options granted in 2007 with a fixed exercise price
    451,209       451,209       0       0  
Share options granted in 2007 with an exercise price based on peer group
    566,331       566,331       0       0  
                                 
      1,017,540       1,017,540       0       0  
                                 
Total number of share options that could be exercised at 31 December 2009
    0       0       0       0  
                                 
 
NOTE 5 - ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES (in USD million)
 
   
For the year ended December 31
 
                   
Remuneration to the auditors appointed at the
Annual General Meeting
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
                   
Deloitte
                 
Audit fees
    0.6       0.5       0.5  
Audit-related fees
    0.2       0.1       0.3  
Tax fees
    0.2       0.1       0.1  
Fees other services
    0.3       0.2       0.3  
                         
Total fees
    1.3       0.9       1.2  
                         
                         
 
NOTE 6 - OTHER INVESTMENTS (in USD million)
 
Other investments
 
2009
   
2010
 
             
Other investments include shares in other companies
           
             
Cost:
           
Balance at January 1
    6.5       5.4  
Additions
    0.0       0.0  
Disposals
    (1.1 )     0.0  
                 
Balance at December 31
    5.4       5.4  
                 
 

 
F-33

 
 
Value adjustment:
               
Balance at January 1
    (0.1 )     (2.2 )
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.2       (0.2 )
Value adjustment for the year
    1.4       0.0  
Disposal
    (3.7 )     0.0  
                 
Balance as of December 31
    (2.2 )     (2.4 )
                 
                 
Carrying amount at December 31:
    3.2       3.0  
                 
Of which listed
    0.2       0.2  
Of which unlisted
    3.0       2.8  
 
NOTE 7 - INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in USD million)
 
   
Goodwill
   
Other
intangible
assets
   
Total
 
                   
Cost:
                 
Balance at 1 January 2008
    89.2       13.4       102.6  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Additions
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Additions through business combination
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposals
    0.0       (10.7 )     -10.7  
Transferred to/from other items
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
                         
Balance at 31 December 2008
    89.2       2.7       91.9  
                         
                         
Depreciation and impairment losses:
                       
Balance at 1 January 2008
    0.0       5.9       5.9  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposal
    0.0       (10.7 )     (10.7 )
Reversal of impairment losses
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Depreciation and impairment losses for the year
    0.0       5.1       5.1  
                         
Balance at 31 December 2008
    0.0       0.3       0.3  
                         
                         
Carrying amount at 31 December 2008
    89.2       2.4       91.6  
                         
                         


 
F-34

 


Cost:
                 
Balance at 1 January 2009
    89.2       2.7       91.9  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Additions
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposals
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Transferred to/from other items
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
                         
Balance at 31 December 2009
    89.2       2.7       91.9  
                         
                         
Amortisation and impairment losses:
                       
Balance at 1 January 2009
    0.0       0.3       0.3  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposal
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Amortisation  and impairment losses for the year
    0.0       0.2       0.2  
                         
Balance at 31 December 2009
    0.0       0.5       0.5  
                         
                         
Carrying amount at 31 December 2009
    89.2       2.2       91.4  
                         


Cost:
                 
Balance at 1 January 2010
    89.2       2.7       91.9  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Additions
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposals
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Transferred to/from other items
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
                         
Balance at December 31, 2010
    89.2       2.7       91.9  
                         
                         
Amortisation and impairment losses:
                       
Balance at 1 January 2010
    0.0       0.5       0.5  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposal
    0.0       0.0       0.0  
Amortisation and impairment losses for the year
    0.0       0.2       0.2  
                         
Balance at December 31, 2010
    0.0       0.7       0.7  
                         
                         
Carrying amount at December 31, 2010
    89.2       2.0       91.2  
                         



Please refer to note 9 for information on impairment testing.

 
F-35

 



 
NOTE 8 - TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS (in USD million)
 
   
Land and
buildings
   
Vessels and capitalized dry-docking
   
Prepayment
on vessels
   
Other plant
and
operating equipment
   
Total
 
Cost:
                             
Balance at January 1, 2008
    4.4       2,393.1       259.4       12.0       2,668.9  
Exchange rate adjustment
    (0.5 )     0,0       0.0       0.0       (0.5 )
Additions
    0.1       93.4       277.5       6.8       377.8  
Disposals
    0.0       (99.9 )     0.0       (0.8 )     (100.7 )
Transferred to/from other items
    0.0       264.2       (264.2 )     0.0       0.0  
                                         
Balance at December 31, 2008
    4.0       2,650.8       272.7       18.0       2,945.5  
                                         
Depreciation and impairment losses:
                                       
                                         
Balance at January 1, 2008
    0.2       223.3       0.0       6.1       229.6  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.3       0.3  
Disposals
    0.0       (16.4 )     0.0       (0.5 )     (16.9 )
Depreciation for the year
    0.1       118.0       0.0       2.9       121.0  
                                         
Balance at December 31, 2008
    0.3       324.9       0.0       8.8       334.0  
                                         
Carrying amount at December 31, 2008
    3.7       2,325.9       272.7       9.2       2,611.5  
                                         
Hereof finance leases
    0.0       0,0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
                                         
Hereof financial expenses included in cost
    0.0       2.3       0.8       0.0       3.1  



 
F-36

 


   
Land and
buildings
   
Vessels and capitalized
dry-docking
   
Prepayment
on vessels
   
Other plant
and
operating equipment
   
Total
 
Cost:
                             
Balance at January 1, 2009
    4.0       2,650.8       272.7       18.0       2,945.5  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.1       0.0       0.0       0.1       0.2  
Additions
    0.0       44.2       236.9       6.5       287.6  
Disposals
    0.0       (62.2 )     0.0       (1.0 )     (67.1 )
Transferred to/from other items
    0.0       235.8       (235.8 )     0.0       0.0  
Transferred to non-current assets held for sale
    0.0       (49.9 )     0.0       0.0       (49.9 )
                                         
Balance at December 31, 2009
    4.1       2,818.7       273.8       23.6       3,116.3  
                                         
Depreciation and impairment losses:
                                       
                                         
Balance at January 1, 2009
    0.3       324.9       0.0       8.8       334.0  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposals
    0.0       (18.9 )     0.0       (0.6 )     (23.4 )
Reversal of impairment losses
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Depreciation for the year
    0.1       127.9       0.0       4.6       132.6  
Transferred to non-current assets held for sale
    0.0       (5.6 )     0.0       0.0       (5.6 )
                                         
Balance at December 31, 2009
    0.4       428.3       0.0       12.8       437.6  
                                         
Carrying amount at December 31, 2009
    3.7       2,390.4       273.8       10.8       2,678.7  
                                         
Hereof finance leases
    0.0       42.1       0.0       0.0       42.1  
                                         
Hereof financial expenses included in cost
    0.0       2.5       1.1       0.0       3.6  


 
F-37

 


   
Land and
buildings
   
Vessels and capitalized
dry-docking
   
Prepayment
on vessels
   
Other plant
and
operating equipment
   
Total
 
Cost:
                             
Balance at January 1, 2010
    4.1       2,818.7       273.8       23.6       3,120.2  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.1       0.1  
Additions
    0.0       73.6       204.5       3.4       281.5  
Disposals
    0.0       (13.4 )     0.0       (2.3 )     (15.7 )
Transferred to/from other items
    0.0       235.0       (235.0 )     0.0       0.0  
                                         
Balance at December 31, 2010
    4.1       3,113.9       243.3       24.8       3.386.1  
                                         
 

 
F-38

 
 
Depreciation and impairment losses:
                                       
                                         
Balance at January 1, 2010
    0.4       428.3       0.0       12.8       441.5  
Exchange rate adjustment
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Disposals
    0.0       (11.2 )     0.0       (2.0 )     (13.2 )
Depreciation for the year
    0.1       136.7       0.0       4.4       141.2  
Loss from sale of newbuildings
    0.0       0.0       16.3       0.0       16.3  
                                         
Balance at December 31, 2010
    0.5       553.8       16.3       15.2       585.8  
                                         
Carrying amount at December 31, 2010
    3.6       2,560.1       227.0       9.6       2,800.3  
                                         
Hereof finance leases
    0.0       39.5       0.0       0.0       39.5  
                                         
Hereof financial expenses included in cost
    0.0       2.5       1.6       0.0       4.1  



Included in the carrying amount for vessels and capitalized dry-docking are capitalized dry-docking costs in the amount of USD 40.0 million (2009: USD 35.5 million).

For information on assets used as collateral security, please refer to note 17.

In all material aspects, the depreciation under Other plant and operating equipment of USD 4.4 million relates to administration (2009: USD 4.6 million).

Please refer to note 9 for information on impairment testing.
 

 
F-39

 

NOTE 9

 IMPAIRMENT TESTING

As at December 31, 2010, Management performed a review of the recoverable amount of the assets by assessing the net selling price  and the value in use for the significant assets within the two cash generating units the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division and the investment in 50% of FR8.

Based on the review, Management concluded that assets within the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division were not impaired, whereas the carrying amount of the investment in 50% of FR8 should be reduced by an impairment loss of USD 35.0 million in addition to the impairment loss of USD 20.0 million recognized in 2009. The recoverable amount of the investment in 50% of FR8 amounted to USD 66.8 million as at December 31, 2010. The recoverable amount of the Tanker Division and the investment in 50% of FR8 is the value in use, whereas the recoverable amount of the Bulk Division is the net selling price.

In the assessment of the net selling price, Management included a review of market values derived as the average of three internationally acknowledged shipbrokers' valuations. The assessment of the value in use was based on the present value of the expected future cash flows derived from discounted cash flow calculations. The calculation of value in use is very sensitive to the key assumptions which are considered to be related to the future development in freight rates and to the WACC applied as discounting factor in the calculations. The sensitivities have been assessed as follows, all other things being equal:

    ·  
A decrease in freight rates of up to approximately 10% over the remaining life of the vessels would not lead to impairment of assets within the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division.
    ·  
An increase in WACC of 2%-points would not lead to impairment of assets within the Tanker Division and the Bulk Division.
 
The major assumptions used in the calculation of the value in use are:

    ·  
The cash flows are based on known tonnage including vessels contracted for delivery in future period. Additions or sales of tonnage are not factored in as the timing and effect of such transactions is highly uncertain. However, additions will only be made if Management expects to achieve a return in excess of the discount rate applied in the impairment test.
    ·  
The product tankers are expected to generate normal income for at least 25 years. Given the current age profile of the tanker fleet, the remaining life would be at least 19 years.
    ·  
Goodwill with a carrying amount of USD 89.2 million was acquired in the acquisition of OMI in 2007 and has been allocated to the Tanker Division.
    ·  
Freight rate estimates in the period 2011 to 2013 are based on the extensive experience and knowledge of the market embedded in the Tanker Division as expressed in the Company's business plans. Freight rates beyond 2013 are based on the 10-year historic average freight rates from Clarksons adjusted by the inflation rate.
    ·  
Operating expenses and administrative expenses are estimated based on experience and knowledge of the market as well as plans and initiatives outlined in the operating budgets and business plans for the period 2011 to 2013. Beyond 2013, operating expenses per operating day and administrative expenses are expected to increase with the inflation rate.
    ·  
WACC is set to 8.2% for the Tanker Division and 9.2% for FR8. WACC is calculated using a standard WACC model in which cost of equity, cost of debt and capital structure are the key parameters.
    ·  
The inflation rate is based on the US Federal Reserve and ECB inflation target over the medium term, currently set to 2%.
 

Management believes that these major assumptions are reasonable.
 

 
F-40

 
 
NOTE 10 – FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES (in USD million)
 
   
For the years ended December 31
 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Financial income
                 
Interest income from cash and cash equivalents, etc.
    7.3       1.3       0.5  
Gain on sale of other investments (available-for-sale)
    2.6       3.7       0.0  
Dividends
    1.3       0.1       0.0  
Fair value adjustments on derivative financial instruments
    0.0       0.0       2.2  
Exchange rate adjustments including net
gains/loss from forward exchange rate contracts
    5.0       1.0       0.0  
                         
      16.2       6.1       2.7  
                         
Financial expenses
                       
Interest expense on mortgage and bank debt including net
gains/loss on interest related derivatives
    79.7       52.8       50.6  
Fair value adjustments on derivative financial instruments
    14.7       21.4       0.0  
Exchange rate adjustments
    0.0       0.0       2.6  
Other financial expenses
    8.5       1.2       6.6  
Hereof included in the cost of tangible fixed assets
    (0.5 )     (0.5 )     (0.5 )
                         
      102.4       74.9       59.3  
                         
Total financial items
    (86.2 )     (68.8 )     (56.6 )
                         
 
NOTE 11 – FREIGHT RECEIVABLES, ETC. (in USD million)

Analysis as of December 31 of freight receivables, etc.

   
For the years ended December 31
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
Freight receivables, etc.
           
Neither past due nor impaired
    29.7       55.1  
Due < 30 days
    21.1       21.0  
Due between 30 days and 180 days
    4.6       23.7  
Due > 180 days
    6.7       8.4  
                 
Total freight receivables, etc.
    62.1       108.2  
 
               

At December 31, 2010, freight receivables included receivables at a value of USD 0.2 million (2009: USD 0.1 million), that are individually determined to be impaired to a value of USD 0.0 million (2009: USD 0.0 million).

Movements in provisions for impairment of freight receivables during the year are as follows:
 

 
F-41

 

   
For the years ended December 31
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
Provisions for impairment of freight receivables, etc.
           
Balance at January 1
    0.1       0.1  
Provisions for the year
    0.0       0.1  
Provisions reversed during the year
    0.0       0.0  
Provisions utilized during the year
    0.0       0.0  
                 
Balance at December 31
    0.1       0.2  
                 
                 
 
Provision for impairment of freight receivables has been recognized in the income statement under Port expenses, bunkers and commissions. The provision is based on an individual assessment of each individual receivable.

NOTE 12 OTHER RECEIVABLES – (in USD million)
 
   
For the years ended December 31
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
             
Partners and commercial management
    1.1       1.5  
Derivative financial instruments
    2.7       2.4  
Receivables in joint ventures
    2.6       3.7  
Tax receivables
    1.2       0.8  
Miscellaneous, including items related to shipping activities
    9.2       4.3  
                 
Other receivables
    16.8       12.7  
                 


 
F-42

 
 
NOTE 13 - TAXES (in USD million)
 
   
For the years ended December 31
 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
TAX ON PROFIT FOR THE YEAR AND DEFERRED TAX
                 
                   
Current tax for the year
    (3.0 )     (3.3 )     (1.3 )
Adjustment related to previous years
    3.8       4.9       1.7  
Adjustment of deferred tax
    0.5       0.1       0.6  
                         
Tax expenses
    1.3       1.7       1.0  
                         
                         
RECONCILIATION OF THE EFFECTIVE CORPORATION TAX RATE FOR THE YEAR
                       
                         
Corporation tax rate in Denmark
    25.0 %     25.0 %     25.0 %
Differences in tax rates, foreign subsidiaries
    (7.8 %)     46.4 %)     2.9 %)
Differences in tax rates, foreign jointly controlled entities
    (1.3 %)     (15.2 %)     (2.4 %)
Adjustment of tax related to previous years
    (1.0 %)     25.6 %     1.2 %
Change in deferred tax due to reduction of Danish corporation tax from 28% to 25%
    (0.0 %)     (0.0 %)     (0.0 %)
Effect due to the tonnage tax scheme
    (15.3 %)     (72.9 %)     (26.0 %)
                         
Effective corporate tax rate
    (0.4 %)     8.9 %     0.7 %
                         

The Company participates in the tonnage tax scheme in Denmark.  The participation in the tonnage tax scheme is binding until December 31, 2016.

Under the Danish tonnage tax scheme, income and expenses from shipping activities are not subject to direct taxation. Instead the taxable income is calculated from:

    ·  
The net tonnage of the vessels used to generate the income from shipping activities.
    ·  
A rate applicable to the specific net tonnage of the vessel, based on a sliding scale.
    ·  
The number of days the vessels are used during the year.
 
The Company expects to participate in the tonnage tax scheme after the binding period and at a minimum to maintain its current investing and activity level.

Payment of dividends to the shareholders of TORM A/S has no tax implications for TORM A/S.

For the years ended December 31
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
             
Deferred tax liability
           
Balance at January 1
    55.1       55.0  
Deferred tax for the year
    (0.1 )     (0.6 )
                 
Balance at December 31
    55.0       54.4  
 
Essentially all deferred tax relates to vessels included in the transition account under the Danish tonnage tax scheme.

 
F-43

 
 
NOTE 14 - COMMON SHARES
 
   
As of December 31
 
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
 
   
Number of shares,
million
   
Number of shares,
million
   
Nominal
value,
DKK million
   
Nominal
value,
DKK million
 
Balance at January 1
    72.8       72.8       364.0       364.0  
Share split
    -       -       -       -  
                                 
Balance at December 31
    72.8       72.8       364.0       364.0  

The common shares consist of 72.8 million shares of a nominal value of DKK 5 each. No shares carry special rights. All issued shares are fully paid.
 
In May 2007, the denomination of the Company's shares was changed from DKK 10 per share to DKK 5 per share. The nominal value of the  Company's common shares remained unchanged DKK 364.0 million, whereas  the number of shares were changed from 36.4 million shares of DKK 10 each to 72.8 million shares of DKK 5 each.
 
TREASURY SHARES
 
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
 
   
Thousands
of shares
   
Thousands
of shares
   
Nominal
value
DKK million
   
Nominal
value
DKK million
   
% of share
capital
   
% of share
capital
 
                                     
                                     
Balance at January 1
    3,556.4       3,556.4       17.8       17.8       4.9       4.9  
Purchase
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Sale
    0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Share options exercised
    0.0       (94.8 )     0.0       0.5       0.0       (0.1 )
                                                 
Balance at December 31
    3,556.4       3,461.6       17.8       17.3       4.9       4.8  
                                                 

The total consideration for the treasury shares was USD 17.9 million.
 
At December 31, 2010, the Company's holding of treasury shares represented 3,461,580 shares (2009: 3,556,364 shares) of DKK 5 each at a total nominal value of USD 3.1 million (2009: USD 3.4 million) and a market value of USD 24.5 million (2009: USD 34.7 million). The retained shares equates to 4.8% (2009: 4.9%) of the Company's common shares.
 
The total consideration in respect of the purchase of treasury shares was USD 0.0 million (2009: USD 0.0 million), and for the sale of shares it was USD 0.0 million (2009: USD 0.0 million). The treasury shares are held as a hedge of the Company's program for share-based compensation.
 

 
F-44

 
 
NOTE 15 – MORTGAGE DEBT AND BANK LOANS (in USD million)
 
   
As of December 31,
 
To be repaid as follows:
 
2009
   
2010
 
             
Falling due within one year
    141.5       211.3  
                 
Total current
    141.5       211.3  
                 
Falling due between one and two years
    185.0       207.7  
Falling due between two and three years
    180.0       834.4  
Falling due between three and four years
    726.7       192.7  
Falling due between four and five years
    174.8       131.6  
Falling due after five years
    362.8       384.0  
                 
Total non-current
    1,629.3       1,750.4  
                 
Total
    1,770.8       1,961.7  
                 

The presented amounts to be repaid are adjusted by directly related costs arising from the issuing of the loans by USD 11.1 million (2009: USD 9.8 million), which are amortized over the term of the loans.
 

       
Effective
   
Effective
   
Fair
   
Fair
 
   
Fixed/
 
interest
   
interest
   
Value
   
Value
 
 
Maturity
floating
 
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
 
                             
LOAN
                           
USD
2011
Fixed
    4.4 %     4.4 %     51.9       47.7  
USD
2012
Fixed
    4.4 %     4.4 %     55.7       51.4  
USD
2013
Fixed
    4.4 %     4.4 %     31.3       29.0  
USD
2013
Floating
    2.1 %     2.0 %     822.1       868.7  
USD
2014
Floating
    2.1 %     1.4 %     215,0       193.3  
USD
2015
Floating
    3.6 %     4.1 %     149.9       136.1  
USD
2016
Floating
    2.2 %     1.9 %     454.6       488.1  
USD
2018
Floating
    -       3.5 %             81.2  
USD
2020
Floating
    -       3.6 %             77.3  
                                     
Weighted average effective interest rate
        2.4 %     2.3 %                
Fair value
                        1,780.5       1,972.8  
 
The Group has an early settlement option to repay the loans.
 
Part of the loans with floating interest rate have been swapped to a fixed interest rate. Please refer to note 24 for further information on interest rate swaps.
 
Certain of TORM's loan agreements contain minimum requirements to the liquidity and solvency of TORM and other restrictions, which may limit TORM's ability to:

    ·  
Enter into mergers or corporate restructurings or effect material divestments, if such would be materially adverse to the Company
    ·  
Materially change the operations or purpose of the Company
 

TORM must comply with the following requirements:

    ·  
Equity ratio must exceed 25%
    ·  
Equity must exceed DKK 1.25 billion (corresponding to USD 222.7 million at December 31, 2010)
    ·  
Cash available must exceed USD 25 million for a significant part of the loans and USD 60 million for the rest
 

 
F-45

 
 
As of December 31, 2010, TORM complies with these minimum requirements and covenants. Based on TORM's expected future cash flow, investment program, etc. TORM expects to comply with the requirements and covenants until the maturity of the loan agreements.
 
Please refer to the section 'Risk management' and note 25 for further information on financial risks.
 
NOTE 16 – OTHER LIABILITIES (in USD million)
 
As of December 31,
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
Partners and commercial managements
    0.4       3.3  
Accrued operating expenses
    9.7       5.7  
Accrued interests
    5.5       5.7  
Wages and social expenses
    19.1       22.3  
Derivative financial instruments
    37.9       24.5  
Payables to joint ventures
    1.2       0.8  
Tax payables, etc.
    0.3       0.0  
Miscellaneous, including items related to shipping activities
    8.8       7.9  
                 
      82.9       70.2  


 
NOTE 17 – COLLATERAL SECURITY (in USD million)
 
Collateral security for mortgage debt and bank loans:
 
   
As of December 31,
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
Vessels
    1,780.5       1,972.8  
                 
      1,780.5       1,972.8  
                 

The total carrying amount for vessels that have been provided as security amounts to USD 2,487 million as of December 31, 2010. (2009: 2,060 million).
 

NOTE 18 – GUARANTEE AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (in USD million)
 
   
As of December 31,
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
Guarantee liabilities
    0.0       0.0  
                 

The guarantee liability for the Group is less than USD 0.1 million and relates to guarantee liabilities to the Danish Shipowners' Association.
 

 
F-46

 
 
NOTE 19 - CONTRACTUAL LIABILITIES - (in USD million)
 
AS LESSEE (operating leases)
 
Charter hire for vessels on time charter (incl. vessels not delivered):

   
2009
   
2010
 
Falling due within one year
    230.5       269.2  
Falling due between one and two years
    227.2       237.8  
Falling due between two and three years
    220.0       191.1  
Falling due between three and four years
    195.7       164.4  
Falling due between four and five years
    147.5       116.6  
Falling due after five years
    207.4       158.3  
                 
      1,228.3       1,137.4  
                 
Average period until redelivery (years)
    3.6       3.3  

     
Leases have been entered into with a mutually non-cancelable lease period of up to eight years. Certain leases include an option to renew for one or two additional years at a time for up to three years and/or a purchase option. Exercise of the purchase option on the individual vessel is based on an individual assessment. Certain leases include a profit sharing element implying that the actual charter hire may be higher.
 
     

Newbuilding installments and exercised purchase options (purchase obligations):
           
Falling due within one year
    245.7       164.7  
Falling due between one and two years
    107.7       84.9  
Falling due between two and three years
    93.3       8.5  
Falling due between three and four years
    8.4       0.0  
Falling due between four and five years
    0.0       0.0  
Falling due after five years
    0.0       0.0  
                 
      455.1       258.1  
                 
Other operating leases:
               
Falling due within one year
    7.7       6.9  
Falling due between one and two years
    7.1       6.7  
Falling due between two and three years
    7.0       6.5  
Falling due between three and four years
    6.9       4.9  
Falling due between four and five years
    5.2       1.5  
Falling due after five years
    3.1       1.7  
                 
      37.0       28.2  
 
Other operating leases primarily consist of contracts regarding office spaces, cars and apartments as well as It-related contracts.
 
During the year, charter hire expenses have been recognized in the income statement by USD 228.6 million (2009: USD 220.9 million) of which USD 0.0 million (2009: USD (0.3) million) relate to profit sharing elements. Other operating lease expenses have been recognized in the income statement by USD 5.8 million (2009: USD 6.7 million).

 
F-47

 
 
CONTRACTUAL LIABILITIES - AS LESSOR (operating leases) (in USD million)
 
Charter hire income for vessels on time charter and bareboat charter (incl. vessels not delivered):
           
   
2009
   
2010
 
Falling due within one year
    251.9       108.0  
Falling due between one and two years
    73.4       28.3  
Falling due between two and three years
    17.2       5.8  
Falling due between three and four years
    5.8       2.8  
Falling due between four and five years
    2.8       0.0  
Falling due after five years
    0.0       0.0  
                 
      351.1       144.9  
                 
Average period until redelivery (year)
    0.7       0.6  
 
Certain leases include a profit-sharing element implying that the actual charter hire income may be higher.
 
Charter hire income for vessels on time charter and bareboat charter is recognized under revenue.
 
NEWBUILDING CONTRACTS

At December 31, 2010, TORM had contracted ten newbuildings (2009: 15 newbuildings) to be delivered during 2011 to 2013. For all ten vessels the total outstanding contractual commitment amounted to USD 258 million as at December 31, 2010 (2009: USD 455 million). TORM called no options in 2010 to acquire any vessels on time charter.
 
NOTE 20 – FINANCE LEASE LIABILITIES – AS LESSEE - (in USD million)
 
Lease liabilities regarding finance lease assets
 
Minimum lease payments
   
Interest element
   
Carrying amount
 
2009
                 
Falling due within one year
    4.9       (3.1 )     1.8  
Falling due between one and five years
    19.6       (10.4 )     9.2  
Falling due after five years
    27.4       (4.8 )     22.6  
                         
      51.9       (18.3 )     33.6  
                         
Fair value
                    33.6  
                         
                         
2010
                       
Falling due within one year
    4.9       (2.9 )     2.0  
Falling due between one and five years
    19.6       (9.5 )     10.1  
Falling due after five years
    23.7       (2.8 )     20.9  
                         
      48.2       (15.2 )     33.0  
                         
Fair value
                    33.0  
                         

Finance lease relates to an MR product tanker chartered on bareboat for a period of eight years expiring no later than in 2017. the company has an option to purchase the vessel at the end of the 5th, 6th and the 7th year of the charter period. At the expiry of the charter period, the company has an obligation to purchase the vessel.

 
F-48

 
 
NOTE 21 - TIME CHARTER CONTRACTS
 
As of December 31, 20010, TORM had entered into the following time charter contracts as lessee:
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
Year/
Vessel type
       
Average daily
T/C in cost
         
Average daily
T/C in cost
 
   
T/C in days
   
USD
   
T/C in days
   
USD
 
                         
2010:
                       
LR2
    379       24,456       -       -  
LR1
    5,059       21,435       -       -  
MR
    3,285       16,994       -       -  
SR
    13       22,500       -       -  
Panamax
    3,702       15,301       -       -  
2011:
                               
LR1
    4,791       22,754       6,066       21,499  
MR
    3,619       17,394       3,468       16,744  
Panamax
    3,582       15,425       4,412       15,462  
Handymax
    -       -       745       16,757  
2012:
                               
LR1
    3,959       23,956       4,843       21,910  
MR
    3,166       18,367       3,108       16,164  
Panamax
    4,227       15,848       4,384       15,885  
Handymax
                    698       16,857  
2013
                               
LR1
    2,980       25,146       2,994       23,882  
MR
    2,892       18,160       2,864       15,927  
Panamax
    4,210       16,215       4,211       16,190  
Handymax
    -       -       365       15,995  
2014
                               
LR1
    2,218       24,000       2,219       24,000  
MR
    2,190       16,155       2,190       16,155  
Panamax
    3,697       15,938       4,338       16,111  
2015
                               
LR1
    206       24,000       558       24,000  
MR
    1,976       16,155       1,980       16,203  
Panamax
    3,290       15,936       4,023       16,232  
2016
                               
MR
    397       16,133       549       16,676  
Panamax
    2,148       16,269       2,781       16,590  
2017
                               
MR
    278       15,900       279       15,900  
Panamax
    1,825       16,466       2,555       16,683  
2018
                               
Panamax
    1,361       16,466       2,015       17,018  
2019
                               
Panamax
    730       17,450       820       17,423  
2020
                               
Panamax
    410       17,450       412       17,450  
                                 
 
The above-mentioned time charter contracts are included in the contractual liabilities in note 19.
 
The number of T/C in days in the table above is different from the number of T/C in days in the table on page 9. In the table on page 9, the number of T/C in days is reduced by the expected available earning days as defined at page 46.
 

 
F-49

 
 
NOTE 22 – PURCHASE OPTIONS ON VESSELS
 
As at December 31, 2010, TORM had the following purchase options on vessels:
 
Exercise/
Vessel type
 
Number of vessels
   
Average age
of vessels,
 years
   
Average option
exercise price
 as at 31 Dec. 2010
USD million
 
                   
2011
                 
LR1
    1       4.9       34.5  
MR*)
    1       4.0       38.4  
Panamax*)
    3       1.8       42.7  
2012
                       
Panamax
    1       3.0       36.9  
2013
                       
Panamax
    3       4.3       41.1  
2014
                       
MR ***)
    2       8.8       36.4  
Panamax
    1       5.0       45.0  
2015
                       
Panamax
    1       5.0       49.2  
2016
                       
Panamax
    1       5.0       55.4  
2017
                       
Panamax
    2       5.0       54.7  
2018
                       
Panamax
    1       7.0       55.4  
                         
Total
    17                  
 
 
  At December 31, 2010, TORM had purchase options on 17 vessels.
   
*)  The stated option price is the minimum option price for the vessel. There is a 50/50 profit sharing on thedifference between the market price and the option price. 
   
 **) Each option can be exercised if the market price for the vessel exceeds the option price by minimum USD 2million There is a 50/50 profit sharing on the difference between the market price and the option price. 
   
***) In addition to a purchase option, TORM has a purchase obligation at the end of the current bareboat chartercontract on one of the MR vessels. Please refer to note 20 for further information.
 
 
NOTE 23 – ACQUIRED TIME CHARTER CONTRACTS (in USD million)
 
 
The Company has under a business combination acquired some time charter contracts which have been measured at fair value and recognised as a liability as of the acquisition date. This liability is amortized over the life of the underlying time charter contract and is recognised as income under Revenue.
 
The table below shows the amortization:

 
F-50

 
 
   
2009
   
2010
 
AMORTIZATION OF ACQUIRED TIME CHARTER CONTRACTS
           
Amortization within one year
    3.8       0.0  
Amortization between one and two years
    0.1       0.0  
Amortization between two and three  years
    0.0       0.0  
Amortization between three and four years
    0.0       0.0  
Amortization between four and five years
    0.0       0.0  
Amortization after five years
    0.0       0.0  
                 
      3.9       0.0  

 
During the year, amortization of acquired time charter contracts has been recognized as an income by USD 3.9 million (2009: USD 11.1 million).
 
NOTE 24 – DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in USD million)
 
The table below shows the fair value of the derivative financial instruments:
 
   
Fair value at December 31, 2009
   
Fair value at December 31,
2010
 
             
Hedge accounting cash flow:
           
Derivative financial instruments regarding interest rate and currency exchange rate:
           
Forward exchange rate contracts
    (0.6 )     (0.5 )
Interest rate swaps
    (2.7 )     (1.4 )
Non-hedge accounting:
               
Derivative financial instruments regarding interest rate:
               
Interest rate swaps
    (26.4 )     (21.3 )
Derivative financial instruments regarding freight and bunkers:
               
Bunker swaps
    (0.6 )     (0.2 )
FFAs
    (4.7 )     0.0  
Derivative financial instruments regarding options on vessels:
               
Right to share of gain on purchase options on vessels
    8.9       6.0  
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    (3.7 )     (1.9 )
                 
      (29.8 )     (19.3 )
                 
                 
Hereof included in:
Non-current assets
               
Other financial assets
    8.5       6.0  
                 
Current assets
               
Other receivables
    1.2       0.5  
Other financial assets
    0.4       0.0  
                 
Non-current liabilities
               
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    (1.9 )     0.0  
                 
Current liabilities
               
Other liabilities
    (36.2 )     (23.9 )
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    (1.8 )     (1.9 )
                 
      (29.8 )     (19.3 )
 

 
F-51

 
 
The table below shows realized amounts as well as fair value adjustments regarding derivative financial instruments recognized in income statement and equity in 2009 and 2010:
 
         
Fair value adjustments
       
         
Income statement
       
   
 
Revenue
   
Port expenses, bunkers and comm.
   
Freight and bunkers derivatives
   
 
Financial items
   
Equity
Hedging reserves
 
                               
                               
Bunker swaps
    -       (27.5 )     (2.0 )     -       44.0  
FFAs
    25.3       -       (9.9 )     -       (16.7 )
Forward exchange contracts
    -       -       -       2.8       (1.6 )
Forward rate agreement
    -       -       -       (0.1 )     0.1  
Interest rate swaps
    -       -       -       (12.6 )     3.6  
Currency options
    -       -       -       2.4       -  
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels
    -       -       -       5.4       -  
Right to share of gain on purchase options on vessels
    -       -       -       (31.3 )     -  
                                         
Total 2009
    25.3       (27.5 )     (11.9 )     (33.4 )     29.4  
                                         
                                         
Bunker swaps
    -       -       -       -       -  
FFAs
    -       -       3.3       -       -  
Forward exchange contracts
    -       -       -       (3.5 )     -  
Interest rate swaps
    -       -       -       (16.2 )     1.4  
Currency options
    -       -       -       (0.1 )     -  
Right to share of gain on purchase options on vessels
    -       -       -       (2.9 )     -  
                                         
Total 2010
    0.0       0.0       3.3       (22.7 )     1.4  
                                         

 
Please refer to the section 'Risk Management' and note 25 for further information on commercial and financial risks.

The forward exchange rate contracts with a fair value of USD (0.5) million (2009: USD (0.6) million) are designated as hedge accounting to hedge a part of TORM's payments in 2011 regarding administrative and operating expenses denominated in DKK.

The interest rate swaps with a fair value of USD (1.4) million (2009: USD (2.7) million) are designated as hedge accounting to hedge a part of TORM's interest payments during the period 2011 to 2016.

The gains or losses on these contracts will be recognized in the income statement when realized together with the hedged items.

 
F-52

 
 
NOTE 25
 
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH TORM'S ACTIVITIES
 
The risks can generally be divided into four main categories: Long-term strategic risks, industry and market-related risks, operational and compliance risks and financial risks.

LONG-TERM STRATEGIC RISKS

Industry-changing risks, such as the substitution of oil for other energy sources and radical changes in transportation patterns, are considered to have a relatively high potential impact but are long-term risks. Management continues to monitor long-term strategic risks to ensure the earliest possible mitigation of potential risks as well as to develop necessary capabilities to exploit opportunities created by the same risks.

INDUSTRY AND MARKET-RELATED RISKS

Industry and market-related risk factors relate to changes in the markets and in the political, economic and physical environment that Management cannot control and can only influence to a very limited degree. However, as industry- and market-related factors can be a significant risk, it is essential that they are monitored and taken into consideration in the long-term planning and in the short-term execution of the strategy.

POLITICAL AND MACROECONOMIC RISKS

The cargoes that TORM's vessels carry around the world include refined oil products, iron ore, coal, grain and other commodities, for which the demand is highly dependent on macroeconomic developments and political decisions. These decisions and developments also affect the price of bunkers and steel as well as the rules under which TORM operates, e.g. in relation to the protection of the environment. Changes in demand for the cargoes that TORM carries affect the revenues, changes in bunker prices, e.g. due to a possible environment charge added to the bunker prices, affect the operation expenses and changes in steel prices affect the prices of vessels. Rules governing the environmental impact of shipping are currently an area of great uncertainty. Additional environmental regulations are likely to be introduced, either on a global basis under the auspices of the IMO or area-wise like in the EU and/or as local rules for specific countries. Such factors may ultimately affect the Company's earnings and value.

TORM monitors product tanker and bulk market developments as well as the global economic trends that are likely to affect the Company's business areas. The analysis of supply and demand on pages 16-18 and 22-23 is an example of this. In addition, the Company supports and participates in industry and political forums working to shape the future for the shipping industry in order to follow and possibly influence the direction to protect the interests of the Company.

FREIGHT RATE VOLATILITY

The Company's income is principally generated from voyages carried out by its fleet of vessels. As such, TORM is exposed to the considerable volatility that characterizes freight rates.

In the tanker segment, it is the Company's strategy to seek a certain exposure to this risk, as volatility also represents an opportunity as earnings historically have been higher in the day-to-day market compared to time charters. On the other hand, TORM is aiming at reducing the sensitivity to the volatility of freight rates by achieving economies of scale, by actively seeking the optimal geographical positioning of the fleet and by optimizing the service offered to customers.

Within the tanker segment, freight income is to a certain extent covered against the general volatility through the use of physical contracts, such as cargo contracts and time charter agreements with durations of 6-24 months. In addition to these, TORM uses financial instruments such as forward freight agreements (FFAs) and paper based time charter contracts, with coverage of typically 6-12 months forward, based on market expectations and in accordance with the Company's risk management policies.

 
F-53

 
 
In 2010, 44% of freight earnings deriving from the Company's tankers were secured in this way compared to 48% in 2009. Time charter contracts accounted for 65% (2009: 84%) of overall hedging, as this hedging instrument resulted in higher rates than those offered by the forward market. In 2010, the Company entered into FFAs with a total contract value of USD 263 million (2009: 292 million). At the end of 2010, the coverage for 2011 was at a relatively low level (24%) (2009: 31%).

FFA trade and other freight-related derivatives are subject to specific policies and guidelines approved by the Board of Directors including trading limits, stop-loss policies, segregation of duties and other internal control procedures. Transactions are registered in an industry-developed IT system, which provides mark-to-market reports to Management and input for financial reporting.

For the bulk segment, TORM will seek to have high coverage. The targeted coverage for the next 12 months rolling is more than 75% for the core fleet of owned and time charter vessels. TORM will actively seek cover using the spot market, re-letting time charters and/or using derivative instruments to minimize the exposure to the market risks.

TORM applies hedge accounting to certain FFA contracts. Hedge accounting is applied systematically and is based upon specific policies.

All things being equal, a freight rate change of USD/day 1,000 would lead to the following change in profit before tax based on the expected number of earning days for the coming financial year to the extent the Company's vessels have not already been chartered out at fixed rates:


USD million
2010
2011
     
Sensitivity to Changes In Freight Rates
   
     
Change in freight rates of USD/day 1,000:
   
Change in profit before tax
24.0
30.9


Sales and Purchase Price Fluctuations
 
•               It is a core element of TORM’s strategy to maintain and expand a large fleet of modern vessels, particularly in the product tanker segment, by contracting newbuildings and through transactions in the second-hand market. As a result, the Company is exposed to risk associated with changes in the value of the vessels, which can vary considerably during their useful lives.
 
It is the Company's policy to be in a position to purchase and sell tonnage when the timing is optimal. The policy is pursued by consistently maintaining a strong financial position and by not entering into positions that potentially could force the Company to sell tonnage at inappropriate times or otherwise impact the Company's result or financial position. In 2010, TORM entered into an agreement to sell two Kamsarmax dry bulk newbuildings with delivery in 2011 for a total consideration of USD 90 million with a total net loss of USD 16 million. The sale is considered attractive given the large number of new vessel deliveries in the coming years coupled with the volatility of the dry bulk market, which may present interesting opportunities in the short to medium term.
 
Bunker Price Fluctuations
 
•               The Company’s operating profit is affected by movements in the price of fuel oil consumed by the vessels – known in the industry as bunkers. The cost of bunkers accounted for 65% of total voyage costs in 2010 and is by far the biggest single cost related to a voyage.

 
F-54

 

To reduce the exposure to this risk, the Company hedges a part of its bunker requirements using oil derivatives.

Within the tanker segment, bunker requirements are hedged with coverage usually provided for a period of up to 12 months forward.

Bunker trade is subject to specific risk policies and guidelines approved by the Board of Directors including trading limits, stop-loss, stop-gain and stop-at-zero policies, segregation of duties and other internal control procedures.


For the bulk carriers, the bunker requirements are similarly hedged to match cargo contract commitments.

In 2010, TORM covered 0% (2009: 10%) of its bunker requirements using hedging instruments. As at December 31, 2010, TORM had hedged the price for 0% (2009: 0.0%) of its bunker requirements in the spot market for 2011, and the total market value of bunker hedge contracts at year-end was USD (0.2) million (2009: (0.6) million) of which the spot market contracts amounted to USD 0.0 million (2009: 0.0 million).

TORM applies hedge accounting to certain bunker hedge contracts. Hedge accounting is applied systematically and is based upon specific policies.

All things being equal, a price change of 10% per ton of bunker oil would lead to the following change in expenditure based on the expected bunker consumption in the spot market:

USD million
2010
2011
     
Sensitivity to Changes in Bunker Price Fluctuations
   
     
Increase in the bunker prices of 10% per ton:
   
Change in bunker expenses
32.6
43.7

Note that historically increases in the bunker price are to a significant extent reflected in similar increases in freight rates.

OPERATIONAL RISKS

Operational risks are risks associated with the ongoing operations of the business.

VESSEL UTILIZATION

•               In the tanker segment, TORM is a shipowner with a large fleet of modern double-hulled vessels. The Company’s strategic focus is to provide a quality service to cargo holders. The Company primarily operates in the spot market. Consequently, vessel utilization is a significant risk factor. In the bulk segment, tonnage is chartered out on time charter contracts, and the risk pattern in terms of reemployment of these vessels is therefore slightly different, as the Company has more time to plan the subsequent employment period. Coverage of its core fleet is also pursued by means of Contracts of Affreightment (COAs), while retaining capacity to operate in the spot market to optimize freight rates.
 
By operating a large tanker fleet and through careful matching of front and back haul cargoes, the Company strives to achieve an optimal geographical coverage and market presence and minimize ballast time and waiting days. On this basis, TORM is able to maximize its vessel utilization.

SAFE OPERATION OF VESSELS

•               Groundings, collisions, pollution or similar events can have serious consequences, and operation of vessels is consequently heavily regulated by statutory bodies. Such events could result in changes to the Company’s financial position, in the short-term through loss of hire, cost of vessel repairs, claims and penalties and in the longer term through loss of reputation caused by delays and customer dissatisfaction. In addition, many customers including the major oil companies have set up own standards relating to safety, protection of the environment, etc. that the vessel, the crew and the shore-based operation must meet in order to be allowed to transport their oil products. Inspections, so-called vettings, are carried out by the oil companies to ensure that their standards are met.

 
F-55

 
 
A high standard of operation is a cornerstone in the way TORM conducts its business. TORM has dedicated the necessary specific resources and built up management systems to ensure that the Company is in compliance with and in the forefront of both statutory requirements and additional requirements from customers concerning operational procedures, quality and experience of seafarers, etc. Officer seminars are conducted several times a year to ensure that our officers always have the most up-to-date knowledge of regulations, best practice and the Company's requirements as to the operation of the vessels.

In order to document and assist in maintaining a consistently high standard of operations, the Company observes voluntary international standards such as ISO 14001, and the compliance with this standard is audited annually by Lloyd's Register of shipping.

The Company's Quality Management System (QMS) addresses the security, safety, environmental and quality requirements of mandatory and voluntary standards. For further details on health, safety and environment, please refer to the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) section of the annual report, pages 26-29.

AVAILABILITY OF EXPERIENCED SEAFARERS AND STAFF
 
               The availability of experienced seafarers and staff is crucial to achieve the desired high standard of vessel operation.
 
TORM recruits seafarers from four different geographical areas in order to be able to select the best qualified staff and to avoid undue reliance on a specific manning source. TORM is dedicated to training and development of seafarers and shore-based staff and aims to be considered a first-class shipping company to work for.

TORM also believes that focus on retention of its employees is of utmost importance. Therefore, each year a number of initiatives are initiated to improve job satisfaction, engagement and loyalty. For 2011, initiatives will be initiated within leadership training for senior officers, increased focus on performance management of all seafarers, focus on crew welfare (e.g., sport facilities on board) as well as offering Internet access at home for all seafarers.

TERRORISM AND PIRACY
 
               While terrorism constantly is a world-wide risk, in recent years piracy attacks on vessels have increased in frequency in specific geographical areas of the world.

TORM is dedicated to taking all reasonable countermeasures to secure the crew, the cargo and the vessel from acts of terrorism or piracy. The Company is following the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code and the international guidelines to avoid, deter and delay piracy attacks.

TORM has implemented extensive best-practice security instructions for vessels sailing in the high-risk areas, and these are regularly updated according to the current situation. The vessels are equipped with barbed wire and there are bulletproof jackets and helmets on board. Furthermore the seafarers are trained, practically and mentally, in handling dangerous situations.

Due to the escalating nature of piracy around the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean, TORM now accepts the option of having armed guards on board its vessels when extreme and exceptional situations call for it. The Company's fundamental belief that armed guards may escalate the conflict with the pirates and do not constitute a solution in itself is, however, unchanged.

Long-term solutions to the piracy issue include increased international naval capacity and focus against pirate mother ships, prosecution and imprisonment of the pirates, establishment of an efficient coast guard in Somalia and a general political stabilization in Somalia in order for the pirates and their families to have a decent alternative to their current life.

 
F-56

 
 
For information on TORM's escalated focus and procedures in 2010, please refer to page 28.

INSURANCE COVERAGE

              In the course of the fleet's operation, various casualties, accidents and other incidents may occur that may result in financial losses for TORM. For example, national and international rules, regulations and conventions mean that the Company may incur substantial liabilities in the event that a vessel is involved in an oil spill or emission of
other environmentally hazardous agents.

In order to reduce the exposure to this risk, the fleet is insured against such risks to the extent possible. The total insurance program comprises a broad cover of risks in relation to the operation of vessels and transportation of cargoes, including personal injury, environmental damage and pollution, cargo damage, third-party casualty and liability, hull and engine damage, total loss and war. All of TORM's owned vessels are insured for an amount corresponding to their market value plus a margin to cover any fluctuations. Liability risks are covered in line with international standards. Furthermore, all vessels are insured for loss of hire for a period of up to 90 days in the event of a casualty.

It is TORM's policy to cooperate with financially sound international insurance companies with a credit rating of BBB or better – presently some 14-16 companies along with two P&I clubs to diversify risk. The P&I clubs are member of the internationally recognized collaboration, International Group of P&I clubs, and the company's vessels are each insured for the maximum amounts available in the P&I system. At the end of 2010, the aggregate insured value of hull and machinery and interest for TORM's owned vessels and newbuildings amounted to USD 2.8 billion (2009: USD 3.3 billion).

STABILITY OF IT SYSTEMS

              TORM's ability to service the customers and operate the vessels is dependent on the continued operation of IT systems critical to the business, including a vessel operation system containing information about vessel positions, the company's agreements with customers and other agreements made in the market, the system recording estimated and actual hire for individual voyages, the plant maintenance system and the ERP system.

All IT systems are  monitored and managed in accordance with the Company's internal control system, INCA, which includes backup/restore and recovery procedures describing how to re-establish TORM's IT systems and data access in case of a system breakdown. The IT systems are maintained and managed as a single application portfolio to ensure that the IT platform is at all times interconnected and functions as intended.

COUNTERPARTY RISK

              The negative development in the shipping industry during 2009-2010 caused counterparty risk to be an ever-present challenge demanding close monitoring to manage and decide actions to minimize possible losses. The maximum counterparty risk associated is equal to the values recognized in the balance sheet. A consequential effect of the counterparty risk is loss of income in future periods, e.g. counterparts not being able to fulfill their responsibilities under a time charter, a contract of affreightment or an option. The main risk is the difference between the fixed rates under a time charter or a contract of affreightment and the market rates prevailing upon default.
 
The Company has focused closely on its risk policies and procedures during the year to assure that risks managed in the day-to-day business are kept at agreed levels and that changes in the risk situations are brought to Management's attention.

The Company's counterparty risks are primarily associated with
·  
Receivables, cash and cash equivalents
·  
Derivative financial instruments and commodity instruments with positive fair value
·  
Prepayments for vessels under construction

 
F-57

 
 
Receivables, cash and cash equivalents

The majority of TORM's customers are companies that operate in the oil industry. It is assessed that these companies are to a great extent subject to the same risk factors as those identified for TORM's Tanker Division.

In the Tanker Division, a major part of the Company's freight revenues stems from a small group of customers. In 2010, one customer accounted for 11% (2009: 13%) of our freight revenues and was the only customer accounting for more than 10% this year. The concentration of earnings on a few customers requires extra attention to credit risk. TORM has a credit policy under which continued credit evaluations of new and existing customers take place. For long-standing customers, payment of freight normally takes place after a vessel has discharged her cargo. For new and smaller customers, the Company's financial risk is limited as freight most often is paid prior to the cargo's discharge or, alternatively, that a suitable bank guarantee is placed in lieu thereof.

Unlike the product tanker market, the bulk market is very fragmented and characterized by a large proportion of operating companies. The Bulk Division enforces appropriate vetting of counterparties using all available information and insists on additional mitigation such as bank guarantees, upfront payment of freight or parent company guarantee, if required, to reduce the risk profile of a contract to a reasonable level without jeopardizing commercial opportunity.

In 2010, on one occasion the company entered into an agreement with a customer to renegotiate an existing contract, resulting in continuation of the contract at reduced rates but above-market rates, thus minimizing the loss of anticipated profit, while also representing a more attractive option than pursuing available market rates.

As a consequence of the payment patterns mentioned above, the Company's receivables within the Tanker and the Bulk Divisions primarily consist of receivables from voyages in progress at year-end and, to a lesser extent, of outstanding demurrage. For the past five years, the Company has not experienced any significant losses in respect of charter payments or any other freight agreements. With regard to the collection of demurrage, the Company's average stands at 98%, which is considered to be satisfactory given the differences in interpretation of events. By the end of 2010, demurrage represents approximately 8% (2009: approximately 6%) of the total freight revenues.

The Company only places cash deposits with major banks covered by a government guarantee or with strong and acceptable credit ratings.

Derivative financial instruments and commodity instruments

Approximately 95% of TORM's outstanding Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs) are cleared through Norsk Oppgjørs Sentral (NOS), London Clearinghouse (LCH) or NYMEX Clearport, hereby effectively reducing
counterparty credit risk by daily clearing of balances. Direct FFA trades and over the counter fuel swaps are restrictively entered with major oil companies, banks and highly reputed partners with a satisfactory credit
rating. Financial derivative instruments, mainly interest rate swaps and forward exchange contracts, are exclusively traded with major banks in possession of a high credit rating.

Prepayments for vessels under construction

With regard to TORM's newbuilding program, consisting of ten vessels (2009: 15 vessels) at Chinese shipyards on order at year-end 2010, the yards have issued guarantees for the Company's prepayments made through the construction period. As far as tankers are concerned, all guarantees have been arranged via state-owned banks, whereas prepayments made for the four bulk carriers are guaranteed via Tsuneishi Holdings. At the end of 2010, prepayments to the shipyards constructing vessels for the Company totaled USD 243 million (2009: USD 273 million).

 
F-58

 
 
FRAUD

              The risk of fraud is inherent in all industries and is not specific to shipping. However, the shipping industry historically has some trademarks that might increase the risk of fraud, e.g. the use of brokers, the concentration of customers and the material amounts involved in each transaction.
 
TORM has established a system of integral controls to prevent fraud and fraudulent behavior, consisting of segregation of duties, authorizations for trading, purchase and approval, a code of ethics and conduct, close monitoring of the company's financial position and a whistleblower facility.

FINANCIAL RISKS

Financial risks relate to the Company's financial position, financing and cash flows generated by the business.

FUNDING RISK

              Due to the cyclical nature of the shipping industry and volatile freight rates, incoming cash flows may vary significantly from year to year whereas the outgoing cash flows may not be variable to the same extent and time. This could damage the financial position of the Company.

To reduce the exposure to this risk and to maintain the ability to react to business opportunities, the Company aims to maintain a strong financial position. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maintain healthy capital ratios in order to support business requirements and always meet financial covenants. The Company may adjust its financial position through dividend payment to shareholders, introduce share buy-back programs, issue new shares or raise or repay debt.

The Company's policy is to maintain an equity ratio above 30% both when executing short-term business activities and when considering strategic initiatives and planning long-term investments. Further, it has always been TORM's policy to borrow at the longest possible maturities and with the fewest possible financial covenants.

In 2010, the Company continued to raise loans with the same covenants as the existing funding commitments but with higher margins. The additional loan facilities entered into during 2010 amounted to USD
229 million.

As of December 31, 2010, TORM's cash and unutilized loan facilities totaled approximately USD 351 million and the remaining investments related to TORM's newbuilding program amounted to USD 258 million.

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK

TORM uses USD as functional currency because the majority of the Company's transactions are denominated in USD. The foreign exchange risk is thereby limited to cash flows not denominated in USD. The primary risk relates to transactions denominated in DKK, EUR and SGD and relates to administrative and operating expenses.

The part of the Company's expenses that are denominated in currencies other than USD account for approximately 90% for administrative expenses and approximately 25% for operating expenses.

To reduce the foreign exchange exposure the Company's policy is to hedge the DKK cash flows normally for a period of up to 12 months forward, typically by entering into forward foreign exchange contracts. As of December 31, 2010, the total outstanding amount of such contracts was USD 72 million.

Other significant cash flows in non-USD related currencies occur occasionally, including certain of the Company's purchase options denominated in JPY. In 2010, none of these was recognized as a liability for the Company. No other significant cash flows in non-USD related currencies occurred in 2010.

Forward foreign exchange contracts and other foreign exchange contracts are traded subject to specific risk policies and guidelines approved by the Board of Directors including trading limits, segregation of duties and other internal control procedures.

 
F-59

 
 
All things being equal, a change in the USD exchange rate of 10% in relation to DKK would result in a change in profit before tax and equity as follows:


USD million
 
2010
   
2011
 
             
Sensitivity to Changes in the USD/DKK Exchange Rate
           
Effect of an increase in the USD exchange rate of 10% in relation to DKK:
           
Change in profit before tax
    8.4       2.1  
Change in equity
    0.3       0.3  

At year-end 2009, TORM had forward hedging contracts of USD 24 million against DKK (year-end 2008: USD 23 million) in respect of operating and administrative expenses for 2010. In 2010, TORM entered into currency forward contracts for the sale of USD 27 million against DKK (2009: USD 49.5 million) and sold USD 25.5 million (2009: USD 12.5 million) spot in order to cover the DKK cash requirements for operating and administrative expenses in 2010. As such, in 2010 spot and forward exchange rate contracts for a total of USD 76.5 million (2009: USD 85 million) were unwound at an average exchange rate of 5.34 (2009: 5.47) as against the average exchange rate for the year of USD against DKK of 5.62 (2009: 5.36). Furthermore, TORM sold USD 72 million against DKK (2009: USD 24 million) with value in 2011 at an exchange rate of 5.57 (2009: 5.08).

In 2009 and 2010, with settlement date in 2010, TORM entered into agreements to purchase put options and sell call options in the amount of USD 16 million against DKK in a covered structure. At year-end 2010, TORM had no outstanding foreign exchange options.

INTEREST RATE RISK

              When a company has interest-bearing debt or receivables, the interest rate can be either fixed or floating. If a company has interest-bearing debt or receivables with floating interest and the interest rate deviates from the expected rate, an interest rate risk occurs. TORM's interest rate risk generally relates to interest-bearing mortgage debt. All the Company's loans for financing vessels are denominated in USD, and most are floating rate loans.

To reduce this risk, the Company in certain cases utilizes financial instruments to manage the effects of interest rate changes on earnings and cash resources. The Company typically uses interest rate swaps, which are entered into for periods of up to five years, although typically for two to three years, when acceptable interest rate levels can be obtained. For shorter interest rate hedging, the Company from time to time uses FRAs.

The swap portfolio aims at hedging the underlying loan portfolio. When assessing interest rate risk hedging for its loan portfolio, TORM takes into consideration expected interest rate developments and future changes to the composition of the fleet. In 2010, the Company benefited from the generally low level of interest and entered into further interest rate swaps so that the contract value end 2010 was USD 1,006 million at an interest level of 2.8%.

Interest rate swaps and other interest rate contracts are traded subject to specific risk policies and guidelines approved by the Board of Directors including trading limits, segregation of duties and other internal control procedures.

To the extent possible, the Company seeks to ensure that its foreign exchange and interest rate hedges qualify for hedge accounting.

All things being equal, a change in the interest rate level of 1%-point on the unhedged variable interest debt will result in a change in the interest rate expenses as follows:

USD million
2010
2011
     
Sensitivity to Changes in Interest Rates
   
     
Effect of an increase in the interest rate level of 1%-point:
   
Increase in interest rate expenses
10.4
9.4

 
F-60

 

TORM's interest-bearing USD debt increased from year-end 2009 to year-end 2010 by USD 192 million (2009: USD 58 million) to USD 1,973 million (2009: USD 1,781 million).

USD 213 million (2009: USD 143 million) of TORM's mortgage debt will be due within a 12 months period, USD 1,239 million (2009: USD 1,271 million) between one and five years and USD 521 million (2009: USD 367 million) thereafter. The effective interest rate is between 0.9% and 5.2% (2009: 0.9% and 5.3%).

The portion of the interest rate swaps hedging the USD mortgage debt with maturity within one year was USD 161 million (2009: USD 57 million),  USD 825 million between one and five years (2009: USD 446 million) and USD 146 million (2009: USD 0 million) thereafter. The effective interest rates were between 1.6% and 4.4% (2009: 2.5% and 4.6%).

The market value of TORM's interest rate swaps was USD (22.7) million at year-end 2010 (2009: USD -29.1 million). Please refer to note 15 for further details regarding the company's interest-bearing debt.

At year-end 2010, TORM had covered 55% (2009: 48%) of its total interest rate costs for the next year at an average rate of 2.9% (2009: 3.5%) including margin. For 2012 and 2013, the coverage is 47% and 44% respectively (2009: The coverage for 2011 was 30% and for 2012 22%). The fixed interest rate debt has an average period of 2.7 years remaining (2009: 2.7 years), expiring between 2011 and 2016.

NOTE 26 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ( in USD million)
 

CATEGORIES OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND
LIABILITIES AS DEFINED IN IAS 39:
 
2009
   
2010
 
             
Loans and receivables
           
Loans to jointly controlled entities
    38.8       10.3  
Freight receivables, etc.
    62.1       108.2  
Other receivables
    14.4       11.4  
Cash and cash equivalents
    121.8       120.0  
                 
Total loans and receivables
    237.1       249.9  
                 
Available-for-sale financial assets
               
Other investments
    3.2       3.0  
                 
Total available-for-sale financial assets
    3.2       3.0  
                 
Derivative financial instruments (assets)
               
Other financial assets (held for trading)
    8.9       6.0  
Other receivables (held for trading)
    1.2       0.3  
Other receivables (hedge accounting)
    0.0       0.2  
                 
Total derivative financial instruments (assets)
    10.1       6.5  
                 
Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost
               
Mortgage debt and bank loans
    1,770.8       1,961.7  
Finance lease liabilities
    33.6       33.0  
Trade payables
    25.0       48.0  
Other liabilities
    27.2       24.0  
                 
Total financial liabilities measured at amortized cost
    1,856.6       2,066.7  
                 
Derivative financial instruments (liabilities)
               
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels (held for trading)
    3.7       1.9  
Other liabilities (held for trading)
    32.9       21.9  
Other liabilities (hedge accounting)
    3.3       2.0  
                 
Total derivative financial instruments (liabilities)
    39.9       25.8  

 
F-61

 

The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities above equals the carrying amount except for mortgage debt and bank loans for which the fair value can be found in note 15.

Other financial assets consist of TORM's rights to a share of the gain on purchase options on vessels, which were acquired as part of OMI. The options have been measured using a Monte Carlo simulation model where the key input consists of the expected volatility on the vessel prices and the estimated vessel price today for all vessel ages. The volatility on vessel prices is based on the long-term volatility of five-year-old (2009: five-year- old) vessels and is estimated to 15% (2009: 15%), and vessel prices are based on broker valuations at year-end.

FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY FOR FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE IN THE BALANCE SHEET

The table on the next page shows the fair value hierarchy for financial instruments measured at fair value in the balance sheet. The financial instruments in question are grouped into Levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable.

·  
Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
·  
Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from input other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (as prices) or indirectly (derived from prices)
·  
Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include input for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable input)
 

   
2009
 
   
Quoted
   
Observable
   
Unobser-
       
USD million
 
prices
   
inputs
   
vable nputs
       
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Total
 
                         
Available-for-sale financial assets:
                       
Other investments
    0.2       -       3.0       3.2  
Derivative financial instruments (assets):
                               
Other financial assets (held for trading)
    -       8.9       -       8.9  
Other receivables (held for trading)
    -       1.2       -       1.2  
Other receivables (hedge accounting)
    -       -       -       0.0  
                                 
Total financial assets
    0.2       10.1       3.0       13.3  
                                 
                                 
Derivative financial instruments (liabilities):
                               
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels (held for trading)
    -       3.7       -       3.7  
Other liabilities (held for trading)
    -       32.9       -       32.9  
Other liabilities (hedge accounting)
    -       3.3       -       3.3  
                                 
Total financial liabilities
    0.0       39.9       0.0       39.9  

 
F-62

 
 
 
         
2010
     
USD million
 
Quoted
prices
(Level 1)
   
Observable
inputs
(Level 2)
     
Unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
   
Total
                         
Available-for-sale financial assets:
                       
Other investments
  0.2     -       2.8     3.0
Derivative financial instruments (assets):
                       
Other financial assets (held for trading)
  -     6.0       -     6.0
Other receivables (held for trading)
  -     0.3       -     0.3
Other receivables (hedge accounting)
  -     0.2       -     0.2
                         
Total financial assets
  0.2     6.5       2.8     9.5
                         
Derivative financial instruments (liabilities):
                       
Acquired liabilities related to options on vessels (held for trading)
  -     1.9       -     1.9
Other liabilities (held for trading)
  -     21.9       -     21.9
Other liabilities (hedge accounting)
  -     2.0       -     2.0
                         
Total financial liabilities
  0.0     25.8       0.0     25.8
 
There were no transfers between Level 1 and 2 in 2010 and 2009.
 
RECONCILIATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE IN THE BALANCE SHEET BASED ON LEVEL 3
 
USD million
               
      2009        2010  
                 
Other investments, Available-for-sale :
               
                 
Balance at 1 January
    2.9       3.0  
Gain/loss in the income statement
    0.0       0.0  
Gain/loss in other comprehensive income
    0.1       (0.2 )
Purchase
    0.0       0.0  
Sale
    0.0       0.0  
Transfers to/from Level 3
    0.0       0.0  
                 
Balance at 31 December
    3.0       2.8  
                 
Gain/loss in the income statement for assets held at the end of the reporting period.
    0.0       0.0  

 
F-63

 
 
NOTE 27 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
Niels Erik Nielsen, Chairman of the Board of Directors, was a practicing partner in the law firm Bech-Bruun until January 1, 2011. Other partners in Bech-Bruun have rendered legal assistance during the financial year as one of a number of law firms. The firm's fee of USD 0.4 million (2009: USD 0.3 million) is based upon the amount of time spent by the firm.
 
Stefanos-Niko Zouvelos, member of the Board of Directors, is General Manager of Beltest Shipping Company Limited. TORM has during the year paid less than USD 0.1 million (2009: USD 4.9 million) to an entity owned by Beltest Shipping Company Limited under a time charter agreement involving one product tanker vessel. TORM has during the year served as commercial and technical manager for that product tanker for which TORM has received commissions and fees of USD 0.2 million (2009: 0.0 million)
 
Jesper Jarlbæk, member of the Board of Directors, is chairman of the Board of Directors in Basico Consulting A/S. TORM has used Basico Consulting A/S for consulting services in 2010 and paid USD 0.3 million (2009: USD 0.4 million) based upon the amount of time spent by the firm.
 
Angelos Papoulias, member of the Board of Directors, is director of Investments & Finance Ltd. TORM has used Investments & Finance Ltd. for consulting services in 2010 and paid USD 0.2 million (2009: USD 0.1 million) based upon the amount of time spent by the firm.
 
There have been no other transactions with such parties during the financial year.
 
Executive Management remuneration is disclosed in note 4.
 
It is considered that no single person has control over the Group or the Parent Company, each of which are identified in Note 29.

 
NOTE 28 – NON-CURRENT ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
 
In 2009, the Company has entered into contracts concerning sale of two Panamax dry bulk vessels. The result from the sale of the vessels will be recognized in the income statement when the risks and rewards are transferred upon delivery of the vessels to the buyers. The vessels are expected to be delivered to the buyers in the first quarter of 2010. The vessel has been classified as held for sale and is presented separately in the balance sheet and is included under Bulk in the segment information.

 
F-64

 
 
NOTE 29 - ENTITIES IN THE GROUP
 
Parent company:
       
TORM A/S
   
Denmark
   
           
Investments in
subsidiaries*)
     
Investments in jointly controlled entities*):
Torm Singapore (Pte.) Ltd.
100%
 
Singapore
Long Range 2 A/S
50%
Denmark
TORM Norge AS
100%
 
Norway
LR2 management K/S
50%
Denmark
TORM USA LLC
100%
 
Delaware
UT Shipowning K/S
50%
Denmark
Long Range 1 A/S
100%
 
Denmark
Ugland & TORM Shipowning ApS
50%
Denmark
Medium Range A/S
100%
 
Denmark
FR8 Holdings Pte. Ltd.
50%
Singapore
LR1 Management K/S
100%
 
Denmark
TORM SHIPPING (PHILS.), INC.
25%
Philippines
MR Management K/S
100%
 
Denmark
     
TT Shipowning K/S
100%
 
Denmark
     
Torghatten & TORM Shipowning Aps
100%
 
Denmark
     
Ruby Shipping LLC
100%
 
Marshall Islands
 
Ganges Shipping LLC
100%
 
Marshall Islands
 
Tiber Shipping LLC
100%
 
Marshall Islands
 
OMI Marine Service Ltd.
100%
 
Delaware
 
OMI Holding Ltd.
100%
 
Mauritius
 
TORM Shipping India Private Limited
100%
 
India
 
OMI Crewing Service Ltd.
100%
 
Bermuda
 
         

 
The following represents the income and expenses and summarized balance sheet data for jointly controlled entities:
 
USD million
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
Revenue
    137.7       68.9       41.2  
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
    (27.4 )     (13.2 )     (1.8 )
                         
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings
    110.3       55.7       39.4  
Charter hire and operating expenses
    (67.8 )     (45.5 )     (36.7 )
                         
Gross profit (Net earnings from shipping activities)
    42.5       10.2       2.7  
Profit on sale of vessels and interests
    1.6       0.3       (0.4 )
Administrative expenses
    (17.2 )     (8.3 )     (5.8 )
Other operating income
    21.9       6.0       2.4  
Income from investments
    (5.5 )     0.0       0.1  
Depreciation and impairment losses
    (11.1 )     (9.7 )     (9.2 )
                         
Operating profit
    32.2       (1.5 )     (10.2 )
Financial income
    4.4       1.6       0.0  
Financial expenses
    (9.1 )     (2.3 )     (1.3 )
                         
Profit before tax
    27.5       (2.2 )     (11.5 )
Tax expenses
    (0.4 )     (0.1 )     (0.0 )
                         
Net profit for the year
    27.1       (2.3 )     (11.5 )
                         
Non-current assets
    270.3       219.2       144.3  
Current assets
    119.0       50.2       40.1  
                         
Non-current liabilities
    140.9       122.9       90.4  
Current liabilities
    104.6       23.5       21.1  

 
F-65

 

NEWBUILDING CONTRACTS AND PURCHASE OPTIONS ON VESSELS IN JOINTLY CONTROLLED ENTITIES
As at 31 December 2009, no purchase options were exercised (2008: 3 purchase options) in jointly controlled entities. TORM's share of the total outstanding contractual commitment for the exercised purchase options on vessels amounts to USD 13 million (2008: USD 39 million) as at 31 December 2009.

 
NOTE 30 – EARNINGS/(LOSS) PER SHARE
 
   
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
                   
Net profit for the year (USD million)
    361.4       (17.4 )     (135.3 )
                         
Million Shares
                       
Average number of shares
    72.8       72.8       72.8  
Average number of treasury shares
    (3.6 )     (3.6 )     (3.5 )
                         
Average number of shares outstanding
    69.2       69.2       69.3  
Dilutive effect of outstanding share options
    0.3       0.0       0.0  
                         
Average number of shares outstanding incl. dilutive effect of share options
    69.5       69.2       69.3  
                         
Earnings per share (USD)
    5.2       (0.3 )     (2.0 )
                         
Diluted earnings per share (USD)
    5.2       (0.3 )     (2.0 )

When calculating diluted earnings per share for 2010, 3,787,429 share options (2008: 3,251,982 share options) have been omitted as they are out-of-the-money, but potentially the share options might dilute earnings per share in the future.
 
NOTE 31 – CASH FLOWS
 
USD million
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
REVERSAL OF OTHER NON-CASH MOVEMENTS:
                 
Amortization of acquired assets and liabilities
    (17.4 )     (12.9 )     (5.9 )
Share-based payment
    8.9       7.0       2.7  
Adjustment on derivative financial instruments
    0.0       6.8       (5.1 )
Exchange rate adjustments
    0.4       0.4       0.3  
Other adjustments
    0.3       0.0       0.0  
                         
Total reversal of other non-cash movements
    (7.8 )     1.3       (8.0 )

 
USD million
 
2008
   
2009
   
2010
 
CHANGE IN BUNKERS, RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES:
                 
Change in bunkers
    1.4       (8.3 )     (17.6 )
Change in receivables
    (65.4 )     113.3       (42.0 )
Change in prepayments
    (13.4 )     0.3       (7.0 )
Change in trade payables and other liabilities
    142.1       (121.3 )     10.3  
Fair value change of derivative financial instruments
    (70.9 )     29.8       11.6  
Other non cash movements included in current assets and liabilities
    6.2       (19.1 )     1.5  
                         
Total reversal of other non-cash movements
    0.0       (5.3 )     (43.2 )

 
 
F-66

 
 
ITEM 19.                      EXHIBITS
 

 
Number
   
Description of Exhibits
1.1
____   
Amended and Restated Articles of Association for TORM A/S (the "Company")(1)
       
1.2
____   
Rules of Procedure for the Board of Directors of the Company and English Translation (2)
       
2.2
____   
Form of Depository Agreement between Deutsche Bank and the Company (2)
       
4.1
____   
The Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (2)
       
4.2
____   
Transaction Agreement, dated April 17, 2007, among Teekay Corporation, the Company, Omaha, Inc. and OMI  Corporation (incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed by OMI Corporation on April 20, 2007) (3)
       
4.3
 ____  
Credit Agreement, dated April 17, 2007, among HSH Nordbank AG, Danske Bank A/S and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (b)(4) to the Schedule TO Amendment No. 2 filed by Teekay Corporation, the Company, Teekay Acquisition Holdings LLC and Omaha, Inc. on May 18, 2007 (File No. 005-54325)) (3)
       
4.4
____   
Joint Venture Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2007, among Teekay, Teekay Acquisition Holdings LLC and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(2) to the Schedule TO filed by Teekay Corporation, the Company, Teekay Acquisition Holdings LLC and Omaha, Inc. on April 27, 2007 (File No. 005-54325)) (3)
       
8.1
____   
List of the Company's subsidiaries
       
11.1
____   
Code of Ethics (4)
       
12.1
____   
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Company's Principal Executive Officer
       
12.2
____   
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Company's Principal Financial Officer
       
13.1
____   
Certification of the Company's Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
       
13.2
____   
Certification of the Company's Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
_________________________
 
(1)
Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Form 6-K, filed on April 15, 2011.

(2)
Incorporated by reference from exhibit of same number to Registration Statement on Form 20-F, filed February 27, 2002 (File No. 000-49650).

(3)
This agreement has been included to provide you with information regarding its terms. It is not intended to provide any other factual information about the filing persons. Such information can be found elsewhere in public filings these entities make, including such filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission which are available without charge at www.sec.gov. This agreement may contain representations and warranties by the filing persons and the other parties to the agreement. The representations and warranties reflect negotiations between the parties to the agreement and, in certain cases, merely represent allocation decisions among the parties and may not be statements of fact. As such, the representations and warranties are solely for the benefit of the parties to the agreement and may be limited or modified by a variety of factors, including: subsequent events; information included in public filings; disclosures made during negotiations; correspondence between the parties; and disclosure schedules to the agreement. Accordingly, the representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs at the date they were made or at any other time and you should not rely on them as statements of fact.
(4)
Incorporated by reference from exhibit of same number to Registration Statement on Form 20-F, filed June 25, 2008 (File No. 000-49650).

 
 

 


SIGNATURES
 
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this registration statement on its behalf.
 
   
TORM A/S
 
   
By:
/s/ Jacob Meldgaard
     
Name:  Jacob Meldgaard
Title: Chief Executive Officer
Date: June 23, 2011
       
         

 

 





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