Edgar Filing: TWITTER, INC.

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission File Number 001-36164

Twitter, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

20-8913779

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1355 Market Street, Suite 900

San Francisco, California 94103

(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)

(415) 222-9670

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES x NO ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	x	Accelerated filer	¨

Non-accelerated filer	¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ¨ NO x

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of April 30, 2015 was 654,774,147.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION	Page
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	5
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014	5
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014	6
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014	7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014	8
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	34
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	35
	PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	36
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	62
Item 6.	Exhibits	62
	Signatures	63

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events or our future financial or operating performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans or intentions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about:

·	our ability to attract and retain users and increase the level of engagement, including ad engagement, of our users;

·	our ability to develop or acquire new products and services, improve our existing products and services and increase the value of our products and services;

·	our business strategies, including our plans for growth;

·	our ability to attract advertisers to our platform and increase the amount that advertisers spend with us;

·	our expectations regarding our user growth rate and the continued usage of our mobile applications;

·	our ability to increase our revenue and our revenue growth rate;

·	our ability to improve user monetization, including of our logged out and syndicated audiences;

·	our future financial performance, including trends in cost per ad engagement, revenue, cost of revenue, operating expenses and income taxes;

·	our expectations regarding outstanding litigation;

·	the effects of seasonal trends on our results of operations;

·	the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements;

·	our ability to timely and effectively scale and adapt our existing technology and network infrastructure;

·	our ability to successfully acquire and integrate companies and assets; and

·	our ability to successfully enter new markets and manage our international expansion, including our ability to operate in those countries.

We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flows or prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We cannot assure you that the results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.

NOTE REGARDING KEY METRICS

We review a number of metrics, including monthly active users, or MAUs, changes in ad engagements and changes in cost per ad engagement, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans and make strategic decisions. See the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Metrics” for a discussion of how we calculate MAUs.

The numbers of active users presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on internal company data. While these numbers are based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring usage and user engagement across our large user base around the world. For example, there are a number of false or spam accounts in existence on our platform. We have performed an internal review of a sample of accounts and estimate that false or spam accounts represented less than 5% of our MAUs as of December 31, 2014. In making this determination, we applied significant judgment, so our estimation of false or spam accounts may not accurately represent the actual number of such accounts, and the actual number of false or spam accounts could be higher than we have estimated. We are continually seeking to improve our ability to estimate the total number of spam accounts and eliminate them from the calculation of our active users, and in the past have made improvements in our spam detection capabilities that have resulted in the suspension of a large number of accounts. Spam accounts that we have identified are not included in the active user numbers presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We treat multiple accounts held by a single person or organization as multiple users for purposes of calculating our active users because we permit people and organizations to have more than one account. Additionally, some accounts used by organizations are used by many people within the organization. As such, the calculations of our active users may not accurately reflect the actual number of people or organizations using our platform.

Our metrics are also affected by applications that automatically contact our servers for regular updates with no discernable user action involved, and this activity can cause our system to count the users associated with such applications as active users on the day or days such contact occurs. In the three months ended December 31, 2014, approximately 8.5% of users used third-party applications that may have automatically contacted our servers for regular updates without any discernable additional user-initiated action. As such, the calculations of MAUs presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be affected as a result of this activity.

In addition, our data regarding user geographic location for purposes of reporting the geographic location of our MAUs is based on the IP address associated with the account when a user initially registered the account on Twitter. The IP address may not always accurately reflect a user’s actual location at the time such user engaged with our platform.

We regularly review and may adjust our processes for calculating our internal metrics to improve their accuracy. Our measures of user growth and user engagement may differ from estimates published by third parties or from similarly-titled metrics of our competitors due to differences in methodology. We present and discuss our total audience based on both internal metrics and data from Google Analytics, which measures unique visitors to our properties.

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

TWITTER, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except par value)

(Unaudited)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2015			2014
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,607,405		$	1,510,724
Short-term investments		1,949,803			2,111,154
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $7,864 and $5,507 as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively		415,479			418,454
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		221,404			215,521
Total current assets		4,194,091			4,255,853
Property and equipment, net		599,751			557,019
Intangible assets		99,317			105,011
Goodwill		702,699			622,570
Other assets		47,559			42,629
Total assets	$	5,643,417		$	5,583,082
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	48,384		$	53,241
Accrued and other current liabilities		239,963			228,233
Capital leases, short-term		105,948			112,320
Total current liabilities		394,295			393,794
Convertible notes		1,395,113			1,376,020
Capital leases, long-term		99,693			118,950
Deferred and other long-term tax liabilities, net		26,077			24,706
Other long-term liabilities		41,142			43,209
Total liabilities		1,956,320			1,956,679
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.000005 par value-- 200,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding		—			—
Common stock, $0.000005 par value-- 5,000,000 shares authorized; 653,141 and 642,385 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively		3			3
Additional paid-in capital		5,464,938			5,208,870
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(42,956	)		(10,024	)
Accumulated deficit		(1,734,888	)		(1,572,446	)
Total stockholders' equity		3,687,097			3,626,403
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	5,643,417		$	5,583,082

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

TWITTER, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2015			2014
Revenue	$	435,939		$	250,492
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenue		143,475			85,503
Research and development		189,746			149,391
Sales and marketing		183,557			106,235
General and administrative		65,777			38,734
Total costs and expenses		582,555			379,863
Loss from operations		(146,616	)		(129,371	)
Interest expense		(24,319	)		(3,102	)
Other income (expense), net		9,125			1,333
Loss before income taxes		(161,810	)		(131,140	)
Provision for income taxes		632			1,222
Net loss	$	(162,442	)	$	(132,362	)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic	$	(0.25	)	$	(0.23	)
Diluted	$	(0.25	)	$	(0.23	)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic		640,464			570,205
Diluted		640,464			570,205

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

TWITTER, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2015			2014
Net loss	$	(162,442	)	$	(132,362	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments in available-for-sale securities, net of tax		570			(31	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(33,502	)		58
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss		(32,932	)		27
Comprehensive loss	$	(195,374	)	$	(132,335	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

TWITTER, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2015			2014
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(162,442	)	$	(132,362	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		67,864			39,951
Stock-based compensation expense		182,805			126,369
Amortization of discount on convertible notes		16,638			—
Provision for bad debt		2,792			778
Deferred income tax benefit		(1,942	)		10
Other non-cash adjustments		(6,411	)		2,255
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired and liabilities assumed from acquisitions:
Accounts receivable		(4,159	)		8,861
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(2,640	)		(30,415	)
Accounts payable		(1,714	)		(303	)
Accrued and other liabilities		1,390			27,539
Net cash provided by operating activities		92,181			42,683
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment		(67,735	)		(49,620	)
Purchases of marketable securities		(729,793	)		(470,750	)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities		712,405			477,333
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities		178,631			168,138
Changes in restricted cash		(3,362	)		(12,138	)
Business combinations, net of cash acquired		(28,927	)		—
Other investing activities		(2,000	)		—
Net cash provided by investing activities		59,219			112,963
Cash flows from financing activities
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards		(6,174	)		(15,140	)
Repayments of capital lease obligations		(33,546	)		(21,521	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		3,749			1,350
Other financing activities		—			(1,162	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(35,971	)		(36,473	)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		115,429			119,173
Foreign exchange effect on cash and cash equivalents		(18,748	)		572
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		1,510,724			841,010
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	1,607,405		$	960,755
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities
Common stock issued in connection with acquisitions	$	57,679		$	—
Equipment purchases under capital leases	$	4,821		$	16,957
Changes in accrued equipment purchases	$	12,360		$	11,051

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

TWITTER, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Twitter, Inc. (“Twitter” or the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in April 2007, and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Twitter offers products and services for users, advertisers, developers and platform and data partners.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and reflect, in management’s opinion, all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or any other period. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements and these related notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, as well as related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The Company bases its estimates on past experience and other assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances, and the Company evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ materially from the Company’s estimates. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s financial condition or operating results will be affected.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued a new accounting standard update on revenue recognition from contracts with customers. The new guidance will replace all current U.S. GAAP guidance on this topic and eliminate all industry-specific guidance. According to the new guidance, revenue is recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration for which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2017 and can be applied either retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company has not yet selected a transition method and is evaluating the impact of adopting this new accounting standard update on the financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2014, the FASB issued a new accounting standard update on stock-based compensation when the terms of an award provide that a performance target could be achieved after the requisite service period. The new guidance requires that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition. As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant-date fair value of the award. This update further clarifies that compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the periods for which the requisite service has already been rendered. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015 and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively to all awards outstanding as of the beginning of the earliest annual period presented as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. Early adoption is permitted. Adoption of this new accounting standard update is expected to have no impact to the Company’s financial statements.

In February 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a new accounting standard update on consolidation analysis. The new guidance amends the current consolidation guidance with respect to the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted, but the guidance must be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year containing the adoption date. Adoption of this new accounting standard update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued a new accounting standard update on the presentation of debt issuance costs. The new guidance requires the debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. Adoption of this new accounting standard update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Note 2. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2015		2014
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash	$	198,102	$	147,848
Money market funds		810,516		882,443
U.S. government and agency securities including treasury bills		279,529		271,418
Corporate notes, certificates of deposit and commercial paper		319,258		209,015
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	1,607,405	$	1,510,724
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities including treasury bills	$	927,087	$	1,009,541
Corporate notes, certificates of deposit and commercial paper		1,022,716		1,101,613
Total short-term investments	$	1,949,803	$	2,111,154

The following tables summarize unrealized gains and losses related to available-for-sale securities classified as short-term investments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):

	March 31, 2015
	Gross		Gross		Gross			Aggregated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Estimated
	Costs		Gains		Losses			Fair Value
U.S. Government and agency securities including treasury bills	$	927,170	$	22	$	(105	)	$	927,087
Corporate notes, certificates of deposit and commercial paper		1,023,007		44		(335	)		1,022,716
Total available-for-sale securities classified as short-term investments	$	1,950,177	$	66	$	(440	)	$	1,949,803

	December 31, 2014
	Gross		Gross		Gross			Aggregated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Estimated
	Costs		Gains		Losses			Fair Value
U.S. Government and agency securities including treasury bills	$	1,009,827	$	8	$	(294	)	$	1,009,541
Corporate notes, certificates of deposit and commercial paper		1,102,275		4		(666	)		1,101,613
Total available-for-sale securities classified as short-term investments	$	2,112,102	$	12	$	(960	)	$	2,111,154

There were no securities in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Investments are reviewed periodically to identify possible other-than-temporary impairments. No impairment loss has been recorded on the securities included in the tables above as the Company believes that the decrease in fair value of these securities is temporary and expects to recover up to (or beyond) the initial cost of investment for these securities.

Note 3. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures its cash equivalents, short-term investments and derivative financial instruments at fair value. The Company classifies its cash equivalents, short-term investments and derivative financial instruments within Level 1 or Level 2 because the Company values these investments using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. The fair value of the Company’s Level 1 financial assets is based on quoted market prices of the identical underlying security. The fair value of the Company’s Level 2 financial assets is based on inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market, including the readily-available pricing sources for the identical underlying security that may not be actively traded.

The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 based on the three-tier fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

	March 31, 2015
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	810,516	$	—		$	—	$	810,516
Treasury bills		146,542		—			—		146,542
U.S. government securities		—		104,387			—		104,387
Agency securities		—		28,600			—		28,600
Corporate notes		—		2,549			—		2,549
Commercial paper		—		303,709			—		303,709
Certificates of deposit		—		13,000			—		13,000
Short-term investments:
Treasury bills		146,543		—			—		146,543
U.S. government securities		—		657,390			—		657,390
Agency securities		—		123,154			—		123,154
Corporate notes		—		525,212			—		525,212
Commercial paper		—		262,353			—		262,353
Certificates of deposit		—		235,151			—		235,151
Other current assets:
Foreign currency forward contracts		—		439			—		439
Liabilities
Other current liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts		—		(98	)		—		(98	)
Total	$	1,103,601	$	2,255,846		$	—	$	3,359,447

	December 31, 2014
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	882,443	$	—	$	—	$	882,443
Treasury bills		73,525		—		—		73,525
U.S. government securities		—		157,895		—		157,895
Agency securities		—		39,998		—		39,998
Corporate notes		—		13,684		—		13,684
Commercial paper		—		185,321		—		185,321
Certificates of deposit		—		10,010		—		10,010
Short-term investments:
Treasury bills		167,575		—		—		167,575
U.S. government securities		—		746,128		—		746,128
Agency securities		—		95,838		—		95,838
Corporate notes		—		551,604		—		551,604
Commercial paper		—		300,589		—		300,589
Certificates of deposit		—		249,420		—		249,420
Total	$	1,123,543	$	2,350,487	$	—	$	3,474,030

In 2014, the Company issued $935.0 million principal amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes due in 2019 (the “2019 Notes”) and $954.0 million principal amount of 1.00% convertible senior notes due in 2021 (the “2021 Notes” and together with the 2019 Notes, the “Notes”) in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Refer to Note 8 – Convertible Senior Notes for further details on the Notes. The estimated fair value of the 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes based on a market approach as of March 31, 2015 was approximately $920.5 million and $937.8 million respectively, which represents a Level 2 valuation. The estimated fair value was determined based on the quoted closing price of the Notes in an over-the-counter market on March 31, 2015.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts with financial institutions to reduce the risk that its earnings may be adversely affected by the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of a subsidiary. These contracts do not subject the Company to material balance sheet risk due to exchange rate movements because gains and losses on these derivatives are intended to offset gains and losses on the hedged foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. These foreign currency forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments.

The Company recognizes these derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value based on a Level 2 valuation. The Company records changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of the derivatives as other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. The notional principal of foreign currency forward contracts outstanding was equivalent to $128.5 million at March 31, 2015. There were no outstanding foreign currency forward contracts as of December 31, 2014.

The fair values of outstanding derivative instruments for the periods presented on a gross basis are as follows (in thousands):

		March 31,		December 31,
	Balance Sheet Location	2015		2014
Assets
Foreign currency forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments	Other current assets	$	439		—
Liabilities
Foreign currency forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments	Other current liabilities		98		—
Total		$	341	$	—

The realized gains and losses on the foreign currency forward contracts were not significant in the three months ended March 31, 2015. The Company did not have any derivative financial instruments in the three months ended March 31, 2014.

Note 4. Property and Equipment, Net

The following table presents the detail of property and equipment, net for the periods presented (in thousands):

	March 31,			December 31,
	2015			2014
Property and equipment, net
Equipment	$	611,086		$	584,561
Furniture and leasehold improvements		147,831			131,851
Capitalized software		112,535			82,052
Construction in progress		115,656			89,806
Total		987,108			888,270
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(387,357	)		(331,251	)
Property and equipment, net	$	599,751		$	557,019

Note 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The following table presents the goodwill activities for the periods presented (in thousands):

Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2014	$	622,570
2015 acquisitions		80,471
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(342	)
Balance as of March 31, 2015	$	702,699

For each of the period presented, gross goodwill balance equaled the net balance since no impairment charges have been recorded.

The following table presents the detail of intangible assets for the periods presented (in thousands):

	Gross Carrying		Accumulated			Net Carrying
	Value		Amortization			Value
March 31, 2015:
Patents and developed technologies	$	110,152	$	(31,365	)	$	78,787
Publisher and advertiser relationships		32,000		(12,223	)		19,777
Assembled workforce		1,960		(1,522	)		438
Other intangible assets		1,100		(785	)		315
Total	$	145,212	$	(45,895	)	$	99,317
December 31, 2014:
Patents and developed technologies	$	105,052	$	(23,165	)	$	81,887
Publisher and advertiser relationships		32,000		(9,831	)		22,169
Assembled workforce		1,960		(1,457	)		503
Other intangible assets		1,100		(648	)		452
Total	$	140,112	$	(35,101	)	$	105,011

Amortization expense associated with intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 was $10.8 million and $6.2 million, respectively.

Estimated future amortization expense as of March 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of 2015	$	29,201
2016		26,811
2017		11,624
2018		9,832
2019		5,430
Thereafter		16,419
Total	$	99,317

Note 6. Accrued and other current liabilities

The following table presents the detail of accrued and other current liabilities for the periods presented (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2015		2014
Accrued compensation	$	80,517	$	68,000
Accrued fixed assets and maintenance		24,809		13,459
Accrued publisher payments		24,597		27,996
Accrued sales and marketing expenses		10,924		25,264
Accrued other		99,116		93,514
Total	$	239,963	$	228,233

Note 7. Acquisitions

During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company acquired two companies, which were accounted for as business combinations. The total purchase price of $86.6 million (paid in shares of the Company’s common stock having a total fair value of $57.7 million and cash of $28.9 million) for these acquisitions was allocated as follows: $5.1 million to developed technologies, $2.8 million to net tangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair value on the acquisition date, $1.8 million to deferred tax liability, and the excess $80.5 million of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired to goodwill. Goodwill resulting from these acquisitions is not expected to be deductible for U.S. income tax purposes. Developed technologies will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 12 months.

In connection with both of the acquisitions completed during the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company also agreed to issue shares of the Company’s common stock with a total fair value up to $38.2 million, which is to be paid to certain employees of the acquired entities contingent upon their continued employment with the Company. The Company will recognize compensation expense related to the equity consideration over the requisite service periods of up to 48 months from the respective acquisition dates on a straight-line basis. In addition, the Company will recognize approximately $3.0 million of stock-based compensation expense in relation to assumed stock options over the remaining requisite service periods of up to 45 months from the respective acquisition dates on a straight-line basis, excluding the fair value of the assumed stock options that was allocated and recorded as part of the purchase price for the portion of the service period completed prior to the closing of the applicable acquisition.

The results of operations for each of these acquisitions have been included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations since the date of acquisition. Pro forma revenue and results of operations for these acquisitions have not been presented because they do not have a material impact on the consolidated revenue and results of operations of the Company, either individually or in aggregate.

Note 8. Convertible Senior Notes

In September 2014, the Company issued $900.0 million principal amount of 2019 Notes and $900.0 million principal amount of 2021 Notes in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. In October 2014, pursuant to the exercise of the overallotment option by the initial purchasers, the Company issued an additional $35.0 million principal amount of 2019 Notes and $54.0 million principal amount of 2021 Notes. The total net proceeds from this offering were approximately $1.86 billion, after deducting $28.3 million of initial purchasers’ discount and $0.5 million debt issuance costs in connection with the 2019 Notes and the 2021 Notes.

The interest rates are fixed at 0.25% and 1.00% per annum and are payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, commencing on March 15, 2015. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company recognized $1.3 million of interest expense related to the amortization of initial purchasers’ discount and debt issuance costs, and $3.0 million of accrued coupon interest expense.

Each $1,000 of principal of these notes will initially be convertible into 12.8793 shares of the Company’s common stock, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $77.64 per share, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events. Holders of these notes may convert their notes at their option at any time until close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the relevant maturity date which is March 15, 2019 for the 2019 Notes and March 15, 2021 for the 2021 Notes. Further, holders of each of these notes may convert their notes at their option prior to the respective dates above, only under the following circumstances:

during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on December 31, 2014 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of Twitter’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price for the relevant series of notes on each applicable trading day;

during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the related Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of 2019 notes or 2021 notes, as applicable, for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of Twitter’s common stock and the conversion rate for the notes of the relevant series on each such trading day; or

3)	upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events.

Upon conversion of the 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of its common stock or a combination of cash and shares of its common stock, at the Company’s election. If the Company satisfies its conversion obligation solely in cash or through payment and delivery, as the case may be, of a combination of cash and shares of its common stock, the amount of cash and shares of common stock, if any, due upon conversion will be based on a daily conversion value (as described herein) calculated on a proportionate basis for each trading day in a 30 trading day observation period.

If a fundamental change (as defined in the relevant indenture governing the applicable series of Notes) occurs prior to the maturity date, holders of the 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their notes for cash at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date. In addition, if specific corporate events occur prior to the applicable maturity date, the Company will be required to increase the conversion rate for holders who elect to convert their notes in certain circumstances.

In accordance with accounting guidance on embedded conversion features, the Company valued and bifurcated the conversion option associated with the 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes from the respective host debt instrument, which is referred to as debt discount, and initially recorded the conversion option of $222.8 million for the 2019 Notes and $283.3 million for the 2021 Notes in stockholders’ equity. The resulting debt discounts on the 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes are being amortized to interest expense at an effective interest rate of 5.75% and 6.25%, respectively, over the contractual terms of the notes. The Company allocated $0.1 million of debt issuance costs to the equity component, and the remaining debt issuance costs of $0.4 million are being amortized to interest expense.

For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company recognized $17.9 million of interest expense related to the amortization of the debt discount. As of March 31, 2015, the net carrying value, net of the initial purchasers’ discount and debt discount, of 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes was $720.3 million and $674.8 million, respectively.

The Notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2015						December 31, 2014
	2019 Notes			2021 Notes			2019 Notes			2021 Notes
Principal amounts:
Principal	$	935,000		$	954,000		$	935,000		$	954,000
Unamortized initial purchasers' discount and debt discount ⁽¹⁾		(214,685	)		(279,202	)		(225,104	)		(287,876	)
Net carrying amount	$	720,315		$	674,798		$	709,896		$	666,124
Carrying amount of the equity component ⁽²⁾	$	222,826		$	283,283		$	222,826		$	283,283

⁽¹⁾	Included in the consolidated balance sheets within convertible notes and amortized over the remaining lives of the Notes.

⁽²⁾	Included in the consolidated balance sheets within additional paid-in capital.

As of March 31, 2015, the remaining life of the 2019 Notes and 2021 Notes is approximately 53 months and 77 months, respectively.

Concurrently with the offering of these notes in September and October 2014, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions with certain bank counterparties whereby the Company has the option to purchase initially (subject to adjustment for certain specified events) a total of approximately 24.3 million shares of its common stock at a price of approximately $77.64 per share. The total cost of the convertible note hedge transactions was $407.2 million. In addition, the Company sold warrants to certain bank counterparties whereby the holders of the warrants have the option to purchase initially (subject to adjustment for certain specified events) a total of approximately 24.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $105.28. The Company received $289.3 million in cash proceeds from the sale of these warrants.

Taken together, the purchase of the convertible note hedges and the sale of warrants are intended to offset any actual dilution from the conversion of these notes and to effectively increase the overall conversion price from $77.64 to $105.28 per share. As these transactions meet certain accounting criteria, the convertible note hedges and warrants are recorded in stockholders’ equity and are not accounted for as derivatives. The net cost incurred in connection with the convertible note hedge and warrant transactions was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet.

Note 9. Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing total net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding. The weighted-average common shares outstanding is adjusted for shares subject to repurchase such as unvested restricted stock granted to employees in connection with acquisitions, contingently returnable shares and escrowed shares supporting indemnification obligations that are issued in connection with acquisitions and unvested stock options exercised.

Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding including potential dilutive common stock instruments. In the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s potential common stock instruments such as stock options, Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”), shares to be purchased under the 2013 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), shares subject to repurchases, conversion feature of the Notes and the warrants were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share as the effect of including these shares in the calculation would have been anti-dilutive.

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share for periods presented (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2015			2014
Net loss	$	(162,442	)