Edgar Filing: INOVIO BIOMEDICAL CORP

As Filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 19, 2007

Registration No. 333-

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

INOVIO BIOMEDICAL CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware		3841		33-0969592
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(Primary Standard Industria Classification Code Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

11494 Sorrento Valley Road

San Diego, California 92121

Telephone (858) 597-6006

Facsimile (858) 597-0451

(Address including zip code and telephone number, including
area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Avtar Dhillon
Chief Executive Officer and President
11494 Sorrento Valley Road
San Diego, California 92121
Telephone (858) 597-6006
Facsimile (858) 597-0451
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to

Mark A. Klein, Esq.
Shoshannah D. Katz, Esq.
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP
10100 Santa Monica Blvd., 7th Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90067
Telephone (310) 552-5000
Facsimile (310) 552-5001

(Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public)

If the only securities being registered on this Form are to be offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. o

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. x

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If this Form is a registrations statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instructions I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

Title of each class of securities to be registered	Amount to be Registered (1)		Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Share (2)		Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (2)		Amount of Registration Fee
Common Stock, $.001 par value		3,185,119		$3.345		$10,654,223		$1,140

(1) The shares of common stock being registered hereunder are being registered for resale by the selling stockholders named in the prospectus or a prospectus supplement (the “selling stockholders”) and includes 938,475 shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants. In accordance with Rule 416(a), the Registrant is also registering hereunder an indeterminate number of shares that may be issued and resold to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(c) based on the average of the high and low prices of Registrant’s common stock on the American Stock Exchange on January 16, 2007.

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registration shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

PROSPECTUS

Subject to Completion Dated January 19, 2007

3,185,119 Shares of Common Stock

This prospectus relates to 3,185,119 shares of common stock of Inovio Biomedical Corporation that may be sold from time to time by the selling stockholders named in this prospectus beginning on page 21. Of these shares, 2,246,644 shares are issued and outstanding and 938,475 shares are issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants. We originally issued the shares and warrants in connection with private transactions. The selling stockholders may offer their shares through public or private transactions, on or off the American Stock Exchange, at prevailing market prices, or at privately negotiated prices. For details of how the selling stockholders may offer their Inovio common stock, please see the section of this prospectus called “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page 24. We will not receive any proceeds from the sales of shares by the selling stockholders.

Our common stock is traded on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol “INO.” On January 16, 2007, the last reported sale price for our common stock on the American Stock Exchange was $3.35 per share.

The securities offered by this prospectus involve a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 4.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

This prospectus is dated __________ 2007

Table of Contents

		Page
About Inovio		1
Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements		3
Risk Factors		4
Additional or Updated Risk Factors		17
Use of Proceeds		17
Selling Stockholders		17
Plan of Distribution		20
Legal Matters		21
Experts		21
Where You Can Find More Information		21
Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference		21

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representation. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information contained in any document we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or any sale of a security. These documents are not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy these shares of common stock in any circumstances under which the offer or solicitation is unlawful.

ABOUT INOVIO

We are a San Diego-based biomedical company whose technology platform is based on medical devices that use Electroporation Therapy to deliver drugs and genes into cells. We are developing and seeking to commercialize medical therapies to address a number of diseases with critical unmet treatment needs using Electroporation Therapy.

Our Selective Electrochemical Tumor Ablation (“SECTA”) is designed for local treatment of solid tumors, with selective killing of cancer cells while preserving surrounding healthy tissue. We are moving our lead product, the MedPulser®, through pre-marketing studies for head and neck cancer and skin cancers in Europe, where it has CE Mark accreditation, a U.S. Phase III pivotal study for head and neck cancer, and a Phase I trial for breast cancer. Our system delivers electrical pulses to tumors injected with the generic drug bleomycin. The distinctive feature of the system, which uses a generator together with disposable needle applicators, is the preservation of healthy tissue at the margins of the tumor.

Merck & Co., Inc., Vical, University of Southampton and H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center are conducting Phase I clinical studies of novel gene-based therapies and DNA vaccines delivered using our electroporation-based technology. Innogenetics and Pharmexa are conducting DNA vaccine clinical studies using our recently acquired DNAvax® technology.

We have been enrolling patients in a Phase I study to treat locally recurrent breast cancer after a mastectomy or partial mastectomy using our SECTA therapy. In addition, in 2005, we initiated a Phase I pancreatic cancer study. Although we still believe that a potential pancreatic disease indication for SECTA would be attractive commercially due to the unmet clinical need for improved local control, the pancreatic trial was terminated to maintain a focused and more manageable clinical program. As a result we have terminated the study during the 2nd quarter of 2006.

In addition, as part of our MedPulser® product line, we have been developing devices for the delivery of DNA for vaccinations and gene therapy. The flagship of our development efforts involve licensing agreements with Merck & Co., Inc., Wyeth Pharmaceuticals and Vical, Inc. in which these companies are supporting the development and registration of the therapies using Inovio devices. Most recently, we executed a licensing agreement with VGX Pharmaceuticals (VGX) for a worldwide non-exclusive license to our DNA Electroporation Delivery Technology for intratumoral delivery of a proprietary gene to control the growth of melanoma and other cancers using a HIV sequence. We also have a collaborative commercialization agreement with Tripep AS to co-develop a Hepatitis C therapeutic vaccine (HCV). Other activities include Phase I trials at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and at the University of Southampton. As a result of our partnerships in this area, our DNA Electroporation Delivery Technology is currently being evaluated in four separate Phase I clinical trials.

We incurred a net loss attributable to common stockholders of $9.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, and had working capital of $6.4 million and an accumulated deficit of $123.5 million as of September 30, 2006. In October 2006, we successfully raised gross cash proceeds of approximately $9.9 million through the sale of our common stock and warrants (see “Recent Developments” below). Net cash proceeds from this sale were approximately $8.7 million. In addition, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Inovio Asia Pte. Ltd., successfully raised gross cash proceeds of $5.3 million through the sale of its ordinary shares (see “Recent Developments” below). However, despite our receipt of these funds, our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to obtain additional capital and to achieve profitable operations. We will continue to rely on outside sources of financing to meet our capital needs for 2007 and beyond. The outcome of whether we will ever be able to achieve profitable operations or continue to obtain additional capital cannot be predicted at this time. Further, there can be no assurance, assuming we successfully raise additional funds, that we will achieve positive cash flow or successfully commercialize our products. If we are not able to secure additional funding, we will be required to scale back our research and development programs, preclinical studies and clinical trials, and general and administrative activities and may not be able to continue in business. Including the cash proceeds received from our October 2006 financings discussed below, various licensing payments, the exercise of employee stock options and investor warrants, we believe we have sufficient funds to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.

Our principal executive offices are located at 11494 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, California 92121-1318, and our telephone number is (858) 597-6006. Our website address is www.inovio.com. Our American Stock Exchange ticker symbol is “INO.”

Recent Developments

In November 2006, we granted VGX a world-wide non-exclusive license to our DNA delivery technology for intratumoral delivery of a proprietary gene to control the growth of melanoma and other cancers. Under the terms of the agreement, we will receive from VGX an upfront license fee and payments based on successful completion of clinical and regulatory milestones. We will exclusively supply VGX with electroporation devices for the therapy included in the license agreement and we will receive royalties on the sale of products covered by the license.

In November 2006, we also entered into a collaboration and license agreement with Wyeth Pharmaceuticals whereby we will receive an upfront fee of $4.5 million , as well as research support, annual maintenance fees and royalties on net product sales, in exchange for a worldwide non-exclusive license to our technology for certain infectious disease targets. In addition, contingent upon the achievement of clinical and regulatory milestones, we will receive development payments of up to $60.0 million over the term of the agreement.

In October 2006, we completed a registered offering to foreign investors, whereby we sold 4,074,067 shares of our common stock and issued warrants to purchase 1,425,919 shares of our common stock, which resulted in gross aggregate cash proceeds of $9.9 million. All warrants included in the registered offering have a term of five years and are exercisable at $2.87 per share.

In October 2006, we incorporated Inovio Asia Pte. Ltd. (“IAPL”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Inovio (the “Company”), in the Republic of Singapore and thereafter granted IAPL an exclusive royalty-free license to use certain of our intellectual property valued at $16.0 million in exchange for 6,584,365 ordinary shares of IAPL. IAPL then completed a private placement in which it issued and sold 2,201,644 of its ordinary shares for cash in the amount $5.3 million. Under the agreement, on January 14, 2007, these ordinary shares were exchanged for 2,201,644 shares of our common stock and five-year warrants to purchase up to 770,573 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.87 per share. Concurrent with the October 2006 financings, certain holders of our Series C Preferred Stock converted 115.12 preferred shares and $14,571 of accrued dividends into 479,722 shares of our common stock together with warrants to purchase 167,902 shares of our common stock, pursuant to the terms and conditions of their Preferred Stock.

In October 2006, we also acquired various licenses, patents and the rights to existing customer agreements in exchange for future cash payments of $540,000 and the settlement of a royalty obligation of $320,000. As part of this arrangement, the Company was discharged from all other outstanding obligations in connection with a previous licensing arrangement, and will receive approximately $159,000 of funds previously held in escrow. We also announced receipt of an award of approximately $1.1 million from the United States Department of Defense for the development of our gene delivery electroporation technology for application to vaccinations against infectious diseases, including potential bioterrorism agents.

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents and information incorporated by reference in this prospectus, such as under the heading “About Inovio” in this prospectus and from Item 1. “Business” and Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, and Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2006, June 30, 2006 and September 30, 2006, include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements include the information concerning our possible or assumed future operating results, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, the anticipated impact on our business and financial results of recent and future acquisitions, the effects of competition, our ability to produce new products in a cost-effective manner and estimates relating to our industry. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words like “believes,” “intends,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should” or “anticipates,” or the negative equivalents of those words or comparable terminology, and by discussions of strategies that involve risks and uncertainties.

Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements for a number of reasons, including those appearing elsewhere in this prospectus under the heading “Risk Factors.” In addition, we base forward-looking statements on assumptions about future events, which may not prove to be accurate. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should be aware that the forward-looking events described in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus may not occur.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the following factors regarding information included in this Registration Statement. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones the Company faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially and adversely affected.

IF WE ARE UNABLE TO DEVELOP COMMERCIALLY SUCCESSFUL PRODUCTS, INCLUDING OUR MEDPULSER® ELECTROPORATION THERAPY SYSTEM IN VARIOUS MARKETS FOR MULTIPLE INDICATIONS, PARTICULARLY FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEAD AND NECK CANCER, OUR BUSINESS WILL BE HARMED AND WE MAY BE FORCED TO CURTAIL OR CEASE OPERATIONS.

Our ability to achieve and sustain operating profitability depends on our ability to successfully commercialize our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System in various markets for use in treating solid tumors, particularly for the treatment of head and neck cancer, and other indications, which depends in large part on our ability to commence, execute and complete clinical programs and obtain regulatory approvals for our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System. In particular, our ability to achieve and sustain profitability will depend in large part on our ability to commercialize our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System for the treatment of head and neck cancer in Europe and the United States. We have received various regulatory approvals, which apply to Europe for our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System for use in treating solid tumors; the products related to such regulatory approval have not yet been commercialized. We have not yet received any regulatory approvals to sell any of our products in the United States and further clinical trials are still necessary before we can seek regulatory approval to sell our products in the United States for treating solid tumors. We cannot assure you we will receive approval for our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System for the treatment of head and neck cancer or other types of cancer or indications in the United States or in other countries or, if approved, that we will achieve significant level of sales. If we fail to commercialize our products, we may be forced to curtail or cease operations.

We have started additional clinical studies for different indications, such as breast and pancreas, and are also in the pre-clinical stages of research and development with new product candidates using our electroporation technology. These new indications and product candidates will require significant costs to advance through the development stages. If such product candidates are advanced through clinical trials, the results of such trials may not gain FDA approval. Even if approved, our products may not be commercially successful. If we fail to develop and commercialize our products, we may be forced to curtail or cease operations.

We cannot assure you that we will successfully develop any products. If we fail to develop or successfully commercialize any products, we may be forced to curtail or cease operations. Additionally, much of the commercialization efforts for our products must be carried forward by a licensing partner. We may not be able to obtain such a partner.

WE WILL HAVE A NEED FOR SIGNIFICANT FUNDS IN THE FUTURE AND THERE IS NO GUARANTEE THAT WE WILL BE ABLE TO OBTAIN THE FUNDS WE NEED.

Developing a new medical device and conducting clinical trials is expensive. Our product development efforts may not lead to commercial products, either because our product candidates fail to be found safe or effective in clinical trials or because we lack the necessary financial or other resources or relationships to pursue our programs through commercialization. Our capital and future revenue may not be sufficient to support the expenses of our operations, the development of commercial infrastructure and the conduct of our clinical trials and pre-clinical research.

Our plans for continuing clinical trials, conducting research, furthering development and, eventually, marketing our human-use equipment will involve substantial costs. The extent of our costs will depend on many factors, including some of the following:

· The progress and breadth of pre-clinical testing and the size or complexity of our clinical trials and drug delivery programs, all of which directly influence cost;

· Higher than expected costs involved in complying with the regulatory process to get our human-use products approved, including the number, size, and timing of necessary clinical trials and costs associated with the current assembly and review of existing clinical and pre-clinical information;

· Higher than expected costs involved in patenting our technologies and defending them and pursuing our intellectual property strategy;

· Changes in our existing research and development relationships and our ability to enter into new agreements;

· Changes in or terminations of our existing collaboration and licensing arrangements;

· Faster than expected rate of progress and changes in scope and cost of our research and development and clinical trial activities;

· An increase or decrease in the amount and timing of milestone payments we receive from collaborators;

· Higher than expected costs of preparing an application for FDA approval of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System;

· Higher than expected costs of developing the processes and systems to support FDA approval of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System;

· An increase in our timetable and costs for the development of marketing operations and other activities related to the commercialization of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System and our other product candidates;

· A change in the rate of success in our Phase III clinical trial of MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System and in our other clinical trials;

· Higher then expected costs to further develop and scale up our manufacturing capability of our human-use equipment; and

· Competition for our products and our ability, and that of our partners, to commercialize our products.

We plan to fund operations by several means. We will attempt to enter into contracts with partners that will fund either general operating expenses or specific programs or projects. Some funding also may be received through government grants. We cannot promise that we will enter into any such contracts or receive such grants or, if we do, that our partners and the grants will provide enough funding to meet our needs.

In the past, we have raised funds by public and private sale of our stock, and we are likely to do this in the future to raise needed funds. Sale of our stock to new private or public investors usually results in existing stockholders becoming “diluted.” The greater the number of shares sold, the greater the dilution. A high degree of dilution can, among other things, make it difficult for the price of our stock to rise rapidly. Dilution also lessens the voting power of stockholders.

We expect that our cash and cash equivalents on hand, including the cash received from our October 2006 financings, and cash available from the periodic liquidation of our short-term investments will be sufficient to fund our operations through the third quarter of 2008. Accordingly, prior to that time we will need to raise additional capital to continue to fund operations at their current level. We cannot assure you that we will be able to raise capital needed to fund operations, or that we will be able to raise capital under terms that are favorable to us.

SALES OF SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNTS OF OUR SHARES, OR EVEN THE AVAILABILITY OF OUR SHARES FOR SALE, IN THE OPEN MARKET COULD CAUSE THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR SHARES TO DECLINE.

Under our registration statement that the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, declared effective on May 25, 2006, we have registered with the SEC an aggregate of $75,000,000 of our equity securities that we may issue from time to time, in one or more offerings at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of each offering. Under that so-called “shelf” registration statement, we have registered multiple kinds of our equity securities, including our common stock, preferred stock, warrants and a combination of these securities, or units. Through October 19, 2006, we have “taken-down” from our shelf registration statement, and issued and sold, an aggregate of 4,210,284 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,425,919 shares of our common stock and, if those warrants are fully exercised at their exercise price of $2.87, we will have issued an additional 1,425,919 shares of our common stock under that shelf registration statement. In other words, the shares of common stock we have sold in offerings under our shelf registration statement represented approximately 14% of our outstanding shares at September 30, 2006 (18% if the warrants we have sold under our shelf registration statement are fully exercised).

In addition, in October 2006, Inovio Asia Pte. Ltd., our recently-formed subsidiary incorporated in the Republic of Singapore, issued and sold 2,201,644 of its ordinary shares to foreign investors at $2.43 per share. Under the terms of the agreement under which these ordinary shares were issued, they were exchanged for 2,201,644 shares of our common stock and five-year warrants to purchase up to 770,573 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.87 per share on January 14, 2007. Further, pursuant

to participation rights applicable to these equity financings, in October 2006 we also issued and exchanged 479,722 shares of our common stock and five-year warrants to purchase 167,902 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.87 per share to certain institutional holders of our outstanding Series C Preferred Stock in exchange for their shares of Series C Preferred Stock.

The shares of common stock we issued in the exchange for the ordinary shares of our subsidiary and for our Preferred Stock in the foregoing transactions represent approximately 9% of our outstanding shares at September 30, 2006 (12% if the warrants we also issued in those transactions are fully exercised). The registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, registers for resale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, the shares of common stock and the shares of common stock underlying the warrants that were included in the exchange for the ordinary shares of IAPL and the shares of common stock underlying the warrants that were issued in the exchange with certain holders of our Preferred Stock. Upon the effectiveness of this registration statement, these shares will become freely tradable in the open market.

Thus, the number of shares of common stock we have sold under our shelf registration statement and exchanged as of January 14, 2007 represent approximately 22% of our outstanding shares at September 30, 2006 (30% if the warrants we are selling in this offering and issued in the exchange transactions are fully exercised).

Sales of substantial amounts of our stock at any one time or from time to time by the investors to whom we have issued them, or even the availability of these shares for sale, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

THE MARKET FOR OUR STOCK IS VOLATILE, WHICH COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT AN INVESTMENT IN OUR STOCK.

Our share price and volume are highly volatile. This is not unusual for biomedical companies of our size, age, and with a discrete market niche. It also is common for the trading volume and price of biotechnology stocks to be unrelated to a company’s operations, i.e. to go up or down on positive news and to go up or down on no news. Our stock has exhibited this type of behavior in the past, and may well exhibit it in the future. The historically low trading volume of our stock, in relation to many other biomedical companies of our size, makes it more likely that a severe fluctuation in volume, either up or down, will affect the stock price.

Some factors that we would expect to depress the price of our stock include:

· Adverse clinical trial results;

· Our inability to obtain additional capital;

· Announcement that the FDA denied our request to approve our human-use product for commercialization in the United States, or similar denial by other regulatory bodies which make independent decisions outside the United States. To date, the EU is the only foreign jurisdiction in which we have sought approval for commercialization;

· Announcement of legal actions brought by or filed against us for patent or other matters, especially if we do not win such actions;

· Cancellation of important corporate partnerships or agreements;

· Public concern as to the safety or efficacy of our human-use products including public perceptions regarding gene therapy in general;

· Stockholders’ decisions, for whatever reasons, to sell large amounts of our stock;

· Adverse research and development results;

· Declining working capital to fund operations, or other signs of apparent financial uncertainty; and

· Significant advances made by competitors that are perceived to limit our market position.

Additionally, our clinical trials are open-ended and, therefore, there is a risk that information regarding the success of our clinical trials may be obtained by the public prior to a formal announcement by us. These factors, as well as the other factors described in this Report, could significantly affect the price of our stock.

WE HAVE A HISTORY OF LOSSES, WE EXPECT TO CONTINUE TO INCUR LOSSES AND WE MAY NOT ACHIEVE OR MAINTAIN PROFITABILITY

As of September 30, 2006, we had an accumulated deficit of $123,499,947. We have operated at a loss since 1994, and we expect this to continue for some time. The amount of the accumulated deficit will continue to increase, as it will be expensive to continue clinical, research and development efforts. If these activities are successful and if we receive approval from the FDA to market equipment, then even more funding will be required to market and sell the equipment. We are evaluating potential partnerships as an additional way to fund operations. We will continue to rely on outside sources of financing to meet our capital needs. The outcome of these matters cannot be predicted at this time.

Further, there can be no assurance, assuming we successfully raise additional funds, that we will achieve positive cash flow. If we are not able to secure additional funding, we will be required to further scale back our research and development programs, preclinical studies and clinical trials, general, and administrative activities and may not be able to continue in business. Including the cash proceeds received from financings, various licensing payments, the exercise of employee stock options and investor warrants, as well as the cash proceeds from our October 2006 financings, we believe we have sufficient funds to fund operations through the third quarter of 2008.

IF WE DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH CAPITAL TO FUND OPERATIONS, THEN WE WILL HAVE TO CUT COSTS.

If we are not able to raise needed money under acceptable terms, then we will have to take measures to cut costs, such as:

· Delay, scale back or discontinue one or more of our oncology or gene delivery programs or other aspects of operations, including laying off some personnel or stopping or delaying clinical trials;

· Sell or license some of our technologies that we would not otherwise give up if we were in a better financial position;

· Sell or license some of our technologies under terms that are less favorable than they otherwise might have been if we were in a better financial position; and

· Consider merging with another company or positioning ourselves to be acquired by another company.

If it became necessary to take one or more of the above-listed actions, then we may have a lower valuation, which may be reflected in our stock price.

A SMALL NUMBER OF LICENSING PARTNERS ACCOUNT FOR A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF OUR REVENUE AND OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION COULD SUFFER IF WE LOSE THESE LICENSING PARTNERS OR FAIL TO ADD ADDITIONAL LICENSING PARTNERS IN THE FUTURE.

We derive a significant portion of our revenue from a limited number of licensing partners in each period. Accordingly, if we fail to sign additional future contracts with major licensing partners, if a licensing contract is delayed or deferred, or if an existing licensing contract expires or is cancelled and we fail to replace the contract with new business, our revenue could be adversely affected. Until commercialization of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System, we expect that a limited number of licensing partners will continue to account for a substantial portion of our revenue in each quarter in the foreseeable future. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, one licensing partner, Merck, accounted for approximately 69% and 62%, respectively, of our consolidated revenue. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, Merck accounted for approximately 58% and 78%, respectively, of our consolidated revenue.

PRE-CLINICAL AND CLINICAL TRIALS OF HUMAN-USE EQUIPMENT ARE UNPREDICTABLE. IF WE EXPERIENCE UNSUCCESSFUL TRIAL RESULTS, OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER.

Before any of our human-use equipment can be sold, the FDA or applicable foreign regulatory authorities must determine that the equipment meets specified criteria for use in the indications for which approval is requested, including obtaining appropriate regulatory approvals. Satisfaction of regulatory requirements typically takes many years, and involves compliance with requirements covering research and development, testing, manufacturing, quality control, labeling and promotion of drugs for human use. To obtain regulatory approvals, we must, among other requirements, complete clinical trials demonstrating our product candidates are safe and effective for a particular cancer type or other disease.

Regulatory approval of a new drug is never guaranteed. The FDA will make this determination based on the results from our pre-clinical testing and clinical trials and has substantial discretion in the approval process. Despite the time and experience exerted, failure can occur at any stage, and we could encounter problems causing us to abandon clinical trials.

We have completed Phase II clinical trials and are conducting two Phase III clinical trials of our lead product candidate, the MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System, for the treatment of recurrent and second primary head and neck cancers. In addition, we are conducting two Phase IV (or Pre-Marketing) clinical trials of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System for the treatment of new and recurrent head and neck cancers and new and recurrent primary skin cancers, and have started a Phase I clinical trial of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System for the treatment of breast and pancreas cancers. Current or future clinical trials may demonstrate the MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System is neither safe nor effective.

Any delays or difficulties we encounter in our pre-clinical research and clinical trials, in particular the Phase III clinical trials of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System for the treatment of recurrent head and neck cancer, may delay or preclude regulatory approval. Our product development costs will increase if we experience delays in testing or regulatory approvals or if we need to perform more or larger clinical trials than planned. Any delay or preclusion could also delay or preclude the commercialization of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System or any other product candidates.

Clinical trials are unpredictable, especially human-use trials. Results achieved in early stage clinical trials may not be repeated in later stage trials, or in trials with more patients. When early positive results were not repeated in later stage trials, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies have suffered significant setbacks. Not only are commercialization timelines pushed back, but some companies, particularly smaller biotechnology companies with limited cash reserves, have gone out of business after releasing news of unsuccessful clinical trial results.

We cannot be certain the results we observed in our pre-clinical testing will be confirmed in clinical trials or the results of any of our clinical trials will support FDA approval. If we experience unexpected, inconsistent or disappointing results in connection with a clinical or pre-clinical trial our business will suffer.

The patients admitted to our oncology clinical trials conducted in the United States and Europe are experiencing late stage cancer and are in a diminished physical state prior to entering our studies and thus these patients can experience serious adverse events (SAEs) whether due to our technology or other procedures. To date, there have been seven SAEs that were at least possibly related to our technology that resulted in death, a life-threatening experience, and hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization. All seven of these serious adverse events were reported to the FDA. The SAEs were excessive bleeding in the tumor bed, edema of larynx, sudden death (suspected heart failure), weight loss, sudden death (cause unknown), obstruction of the airway, and death (suspected internal bleeding). Because our studies are controlled and ongoing, we cannot assure you that these or other serious adverse events will not delay or prevent approval of our product by the FDA.

In addition, any of our clinical trials for our treatment may be delayed or halted at any time for various reasons, including:

· The electroporation-mediated delivery of drugs or other agents may be found to be ineffective or to cause harmful side effects, including death;

· Our clinical trials may take longer than anticipated, for any of a number of reasons including a scarcity of subjects that meet the physiological or pathological criteria for entry into the study, a scarcity of subjects that are willing to participate through the end of the trial, or data and document review;

· The reported clinical data may change over time as a result of the continuing evaluation of patients or the current assembly and review of existing clinical and pre-clinical information;

· Data from various sites participating in the clinical trials may be incomplete or unreliable, which could result in the need to repeat the trial or abandon the project; and

· Pre-clinical and clinical data can be interpreted in many different ways, and the FDA and other regulatory authorities may interpret our data differently than we do, which could halt or delay our clinical trials or prevent regulatory approval.

If any of the above events arise during our clinical trials or data review, then we would expect this to have a serious negative effect on our company and your investment.

Despite the FDA’s designation of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System as a Fast Track product, such FDA designation is independent of the FDA’s Priority Review and Accelerated Approval designations and we may encounter delays in the regulatory approval process due to additional information requirements from the FDA, unintentional omissions in our PMA for our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System, or other delays in the FDA’s review process. We may encounter delays or rejections in the regulatory approval process because of additional government regulation from future legislation or administrative action or changes in FDA policy during the period of product development, clinical trials and FDA regulatory review.

A majority of our operating expenses relate to our clinical trials. A delay in our trials, for whatever reason, will probably require us to spend additional funds to keep the product(s) moving through the regulatory process. If we do not have or cannot raise the needed funds, then the testing of our human-use products could be shelved. In the event the clinical trials are not successful, we will have to determine whether to put more money into the program to address its deficiencies or whether to abandon the clinical development programs for the products in the tested indications. Loss of the human-use product line would be a significant setback for our company.

Because there are so many variables inherent in clinical trials, we cannot predict whether any of our future regulatory applications to conduct clinical trials will be approved by the FDA or other regulatory authorities, whether our clinical trials will commence or proceed as planned, and whether the trials will ultimately be deemed to be successful. To date, our experience has been that submission and approval of clinical protocols has taken longer than desired or expected.

OUR BUSINESS IS HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON RECEIVING APPROVALS FROM VARIOUS UNITED STATES AND INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND WILL BE DRAMATICALLY AFFECTED IF APPROVAL TO MANUFACTURE AND SELL OUR HUMAN-USE EQUIPMENT IS NOT GRANTED OR IS NOT GRANTED IN A TIMELY MANNER.

The production and marketing of our human-use equipment and the ongoing research, development, pre-clinical testing, and clinical trial activities are subject to extensive regulation.

Numerous governmental agencies in the U.S. and internationally, including the FDA, must review our applications and decide whether to grant approval. All of our human-use equipment must go through an approval process, in some instances for each indication for which we want to label it for use (such as use for dermatology, use for transfer of a certain gene to a certain tissue, or use for administering a certain drug to a certain tumor type in a patient having certain characteristics). These regulatory processes are extensive and involve substantial costs and time.

We have limited experience in, and limited resources available for, regulatory activities. Failure to comply with applicable regulations can, among other things, result in non-approval, suspensions of regulatory approvals, fines, product seizures and recalls, operating restrictions, injunctions and criminal prosecution.

Any of the following events can occur and, if any did occur, any one could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions and results of operations:

· Clinical trials may not yield sufficiently conclusive results for regulatory agencies to approve the use of our products;

· There can be delays, sometimes long, in obtaining approval for our human-use devices, and indeed, we have experienced such delays in obtaining FDA approval of our clinical protocols;

· The rules and regulations governing human-use equipment such as ours can change during the review process, which can result in the need to spend time and money for further testing or review;

· If approval for commercialization is granted, it is possible the authorized use will be more limited than we believe is necessary for commercial success, or that approval may be conditioned on completion of further clinical trials or other activities; and

· Once granted, approval can be withdrawn, or limited, if previously unknown problems arise with our human-use product or data arising from its use.

WE COULD BE SUBSTANTIALLY DAMAGED IF PHYSICIANS AND HOSPITALS PERFORMING OUR CLINICAL TRIALS DO NOT ADHERE TO PROTOCOLS OR PROMISES MADE IN CLINICAL TRIAL AGREEMENTS.

We work and have worked with a number of hospitals to perform clinical trials, primarily in oncology. We depend on these hospitals to recruit patients for the trials, to perform the trials according to our protocols, and to report the results in a thorough, accurate and consistent fashion. Although we have agreements with these hospitals, which govern what each party is to do with respect to the protocol, patient safety, and avoidance of conflict of interest, there are risks that the terms of the contracts will not be followed, such as the following:

Risk of Deviations from Protocol. The hospitals or the physicians working at the hospitals may not perform the trial correctly. Deviations from protocol may make the clinical data not useful and the trial could be essentially worthless.

Risk of Improper Conflict of Interest. Physicians working on protocols may have an improper economic interest in our company, or other conflict of interest. When a physician has a personal stake in the success of the trial, such as can be inferred if the physician owns stock, or rights to purchase stock, of the trial sponsor, it can create suspicion that the trial results were improperly influenced by the physician’s interest in economic gain. Not only can this put the clinical trial results at risk, but it can also do serious damage to a company’s reputation.

Risks Involving Patient Safety and Consent. Physicians and hospitals may fail to secure formal written consent as instructed or report adverse effects that arise during the trial in the proper manner, which could put patients at unnecessary risk. Physicians and hospital staff may fail to observe proper safety measures such as the mishandling of used medical needles, which may result in the transmission of infectious and deadly diseases, such as HIV and AIDS. This increases our liability, affects the data, and can damage our reputation.

If any of these events were to occur, then it could have a material adverse effect on our ability to receive regulatory authorization to sell our human-use equipment, not to mention on our reputation. Negative events that arise in the performance of clinical trials sponsored by biotechnology companies of our size and with limited cash reserves similar to ours have resulted in companies going out of business. While these risks are ever present, to date, our contracted physicians and clinics have been successful in collecting significant data regarding the clinical protocols under which they have operated, and we are unaware of any conflicts of interest or improprieties regarding our protocols.

EVEN IF OUR PRODUCTS ARE APPROVED BY REGULATORY AUTHORITIES, IF WE FAIL TO COMPLY WITH ON-GOING REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS, OR IF WE EXPERIENCE UNANTICIPATED PROBLEMS WITH OUR PRODUCTS, THESE PRODUCTS COULD BE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS OR WITHDRAWAL FROM THE MARKET.

Any product for which we obtain marketing approval, along with the manufacturing processes, post-approval clinical data and promotional activities for such product, will be subject to continual review and periodic inspections by the FDA and other regulatory bodies. Even if regulatory approval of a product is granted, the approval may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed or certain requirements for costly post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor the safety or efficacy of the product. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our products, including unanticipated adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, manufacturer or manufacturing processes or failure to comply with regulatory requirements, may result in restrictions on such products or manufacturing processes, withdrawal of the products from the market, voluntary or mandatory recall, fines, suspension of regulatory approvals, product seizures or detention, injunctions or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties.

FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH FOREIGN REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS GOVERNING HUMAN CLINICAL TRIALS AND MARKETING APPROVAL FOR OUR HUMAN-USE EQUIPMENT COULD PREVENT US FROM SELLING OUR PRODUCTS IN FOREIGN MARKETS, WHICH MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL CONDITIONS.

For marketing our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System outside the United States, the requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary greatly from country to country and may require additional testing. The time required to obtain approvals outside the United States may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval. We may not obtain foreign regulatory approval on a timely basis, if at all. Approval by the FDA does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries, and approval by one foreign regulatory authority does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries or by the FDA. Failure to comply with these regulatory requirements or to obtain required approvals could impair our ability to develop these markets and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

IF WE CANNOT MAINTAIN OUR EXISTING CORPORATE AND ACADEMIC ARRANGEMENTS AND ENTER INTO NEW ARRANGEMENTS, WE MAY BE UNABLE TO DEVELOP PRODUCTS EFFECTIVELY, OR AT ALL.

Our strategy for the research, development and commercialization of our product candidates may result in our entering into contractual arrangements with corporate collaborators, academic institutions and others. We have entered into sponsored research, license and/or collaborative arrangements with several entities, including Merck, Vical, Valentis, the U.S. Navy, Chiron and the University of South Florida, as well as numerous other institutions that conduct clinical trials work or perform pre-clinical research for us. Our success depends upon our collaborative partners performing their responsibilities under these arrangements and complying with the regulations and requirements governing clinical trials. We cannot control the amount and timing of resources our collaborative partners devote to our research and testing programs or product candidates, or their compliance with regulatory

requirements which can vary because of factors unrelated to such programs or product candidates. These relationships may in some cases be terminated at the discretion of our collaborative partners with only limited notice to us.

Merck can terminate its May 2004 license and collaboration agreement with us at any time in its sole discretion, without cause, by giving ninety days’ advance notice to us. If this agreement is terminated by Merck at any time during the first two years of the collaboration term, then Merck shall continue, for a six-month period beginning on the date of such termination, to make payments previously approved by the project’s joint collaboration committee in relation to scientists and outside contractors engaged by us in connection with the agreement. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, Merck accounted for approximately 69% and 62%, respectively, of our consolidated revenue. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, Merck accounted for approximately 58% and 78%, respectively, of our consolidated revenue.

We may not be able to maintain our existing arrangements, enter into new arrangements or negotiate current or new arrangements on acceptable terms, if at all. Some of our collaborative partners may also be researching competing technologies independently from us to treat the diseases targeted by our collaborative programs.

OUR ABILITY TO ACHIEVE SIGNIFICANT REVENUES FROM SALES OR LEASES OF HUMAN-USE PRODUCTS WILL DEPEND ON ESTABLISHING EFFECTIVE SALES, MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION CAPABILITIES OR RELATIONSHIPS AND WE CURRENTLY LACK SUBSTANTIAL EXPERIENCE IN THESE AREAS.

To market our products, we will need to develop sales, marketing and distribution capabilities. In order to develop or otherwise obtain these capabilities, we may have to enter into marketing, distribution or other similar arrangements with third parties in order to sell, market and distribute our products successfully. To the extent we enter into any such arrangements with third parties, our product revenue is likely to be lower than if we directly marketed and sold our products, and any revenue we receive will depend upon the efforts of such third parties. We may be unable to develop sufficient sales, marketing and distribution capabilities to commercialize our products successfully.

If we want to market and sell our human-use products directly, we must develop a marketing and sales force. This would involve substantial costs, training, and time. We have limited experience in sales, marketing and distribution of clinical and human-use products and we currently have no sales, marketing or distribution capability. We may be unable to develop sufficient sales, marketing and distribution capabilities to commercialize our products successfully. Regardless of whether we elect to use third parties or seek to develop our own marketing capability, we may not be able to successfully commercialize any product.

WE RELY ON COLLABORATIVE AND LICENSING RELATIONSHIPS TO FUND A PORTION OF OUR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES. IF WE ARE UNABLE TO MAINTAIN OR EXPAND EXISTING RELATIONSHIPS, OR INITIATE NEW RELATIONSHIPS, WE WILL HAVE TO DEFER OR CURTAIL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES IN ONE OR MORE AREAS.

Our partners and collaborators fund a portion of our research and development expenses and assist us in the research and development of our human-use equipment. These collaborations and partnerships can help pay the salaries and other overhead expenses related to research. In the past, we encountered operational difficulties after the termination of an agreement by a former partner. Because this partnership was terminated, we did not receive significant milestone payments which we had expected and were forced to delay some clinical trials as well as some product development.

Our clinical trials to date have used our equipment with the anti-cancer drug bleomycin. We do not currently intend to package bleomycin together with the equipment for sale, but if it should be necessary or desirable to do this, we would need a reliable source of the drug. At this time we do not have a fixed source of bleomycin for inclusion with equipment or alone. If it becomes necessary or desirable to include bleomycin in our package, we would have to form a relationship with another provider of this generic drug before any product could be launched.

We also rely on scientific collaborators at companies and universities to further our research and test our equipment. In most cases, we lend our equipment to a collaborator, teach him or her how to use it, and together design experiments to test the equipment in one of the collaborator’s fields of expertise. We aim to secure agreements that restrict collaborators’ rights to use the equipment outside of the agreed upon research, and outline the rights each of us will have in any results or inventions arising from the work.

Nevertheless, there is always risk that:

· Our equipment will be used in ways we did not authorize, which can lead to liability and unwanted competition;

· We may determine that our technology has been improperly assigned to us or a collaborator may claim rights to certain of our technology, which may require us to pay license fees or milestone payments and, if commercial sales of the underlying product is achieved, royalties;

· We may lose rights to inventions made by our collaborators in the field of our business, which can lead to expensive legal fights and unwanted competition;

· Our collaborators may not keep our confidential information to themselves, which can lead to loss of our right to seek patent protection and loss of trade secrets, and expensive legal fights; and

· Collaborative associations can damage a company’s reputation if they go awry and thus, by association or otherwise, the scientific or medical community may develop a negative view of us.

We cannot guarantee that any of the results from these collaborations will be successful, that we will be able to continue to collaborate with individuals and institutions that will further our work, or that we will be able to do so under terms that are not overly restrictive. If we are not able to maintain or develop new collaborative relationships, then it is likely the research pace will slow down and it will take longer to identify and commercialize new products, or new indications for our existing products.

WE RELY HEAVILY ON OUR PATENTS AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS TO ATTRACT PARTNERSHIPS AND MAINTAIN MARKET POSITION.

Another factor that will influence our success is the strength of our patent portfolio. Patents give the patent holder the right to prevent others from using its patented technology. If someone infringes upon the patented material of a patent holder, then the patent holder has the right to initiate legal proceedings against that person to protect the patented material. These proceedings, however, can be lengthy and costly. We perform an ongoing review of our patent portfolio to confirm that our key technologies are adequately protected. If we determine that any of our patents require either additional disclosures or revisions to existing information, we may ask that such patents be reexamined or reissued, as applicable, by the United States Patent and Trademark Office.

The patenting process, enforcement of issued patents, and defense against claims of infringement are inherently risky. Because we rely heavily on patent protection, we face the following significant risks:

Risk of Inadequate Patent Protection for Product. The United States Patent and Trademark Office or foreign patent offices may not grant patents of meaningful scope based on the applications we have already filed and those we intend to file. If we do not have patents that adequately protect our human-use equipment and indications for its use, then we will not be competitive.

Risk That Important Patents Will Be Judged Invalid. Some of the issued patents we now own or license may be determined to be invalid. If we have to defend the validity of any of our patents, the costs of such defense could be substantial, and there is no guarantee of a successful outcome. In the event an important patent related to our drug delivery technology is found to be invalid, we may lose competitive position and may not be able to receive royalties for products covered in part or whole by that patent under license agreements.

Risk of Being Charged With Infringement. Although we are not currently aware of any parties intending to pursue infringement claims against us, there is the risk that we will use a patented technology owned by another person and/or be charged with infringement. Defending or indemnifying a third party against a charge of infringement can involve lengthy and costly legal actions, and there can be no guarantee of a successful outcome. Biotechnology companies comparable to us in size and financial position have gone out of business after fighting and losing an infringement battle. If we or our partners were prevented from using or selling our human-use equipment, then our business would be materially adversely affected.

Freedom to Operate Risks. We are aware that patents related to electrically-assisted drug delivery have been granted to, and patent applications filed by, our potential competitors. We or our partners have taken licenses to some of these patents, and will consider taking additional licenses in the future. Nevertheless, the competitive nature of our field of business and the fact that others have sought patent protection for technologies similar to ours make these risks significant.

In addition to patents, we also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how. We try to protect this information with appropriate confidentiality and inventions agreements with our employees, scientific advisors, consultants, and collaborators. We cannot be sure that these agreements will not be breached, that we will be able to protect ourselves if they are breached, or that our trade secrets will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered by competitors. If any of these events occurs, then we run the risk of losing control over valuable company information, which could negatively affect our competitive position.

IF WE ARE NOT SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPING OUR CURRENT PRODUCTS, OUR BUSINESS MODEL MAY CHANGE AS OUR PRIORITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES CHANGE. OUR BUSINESS MAY NEVER DEVELOP TO BE PROFITABLE OR SUSTAINABLE.

There are many products and programs that to us seem promising and that we could pursue. However, with limited resources, we may decide to change priorities and shift programs away from those that we had been pursuing for the purpose of

exploiting our core technology of electroporation. The choices we may make will be dependent upon numerous factors, which we cannot predict. We cannot be sure that our business model, as it currently exists or as it may evolve, will enable us to become profitable or to sustain operations.

SERIOUS AND UNEXPECTED SIDE EFFECTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO GENE THERAPY MAY RESULT IN GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES IMPOSING ADDITIONAL REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS OR A NEGATIVE PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF OUR PRODUCTS.

The MedPulser® DNA Delivery System and any of our other Gene Therapy or DNA Vaccine product candidates under development could be broadly described as gene therapies. A number of clinical trials are being conducted by other pharmaceutical companies involving gene therapy, including compounds similar to, or competitive with, our product candidates. The announcement of adverse results from these clinical trials, such as serious unwanted and unexpected side effects attributable to treatment, or any response by the FDA to such clinical trials, may impede the timing of our clinical trials, delay or prevent us from obtaining regulatory approval or negatively influence public perception of our product candidates, which could harm our business and results of operations and depress the value of our stock.

The U.S. Senate has held hearings concerning the adequacy of regulatory oversight of gene therapy clinical trials, as well as the adequacy of research subject education and protection in clinical research in general, and to determine whether additional legislation is required to protect volunteers and patients who participate in such clinical trials. The Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee, or RAC, which acts as an advisory body to the National Institutes of Health, has expanded its public role in evaluating important public and ethical issues in gene therapy clinical trials. Implementation of any additional review and reporting procedures or other additional regulatory measures could increase the costs of or prolong our product development efforts or clinical trials.

To date, there have not been any serious adverse events in any gene therapy clinical trials in which our technology was used. These current gene therapy clinical trials are being sponsored by several of our partners. In the future, if one or a series of serious adverse events were to occur during a gene therapy clinical trial in which our technology was used by a partner, the partner would be responsible for reporting all such events to the FDA and other regulatory agencies as required by law. Such serious adverse events, whether treatment-related or not, could result in negative public perception of our treatments and require additional regulatory review or other measures, which could increase the cost of or prolong our gene therapy clinical trials or require us to halt the clinical trials altogether.

The FDA has not approved any gene therapy product or gene-induced product for sale in the United States. The commercial success of our products will depend in part on public acceptance of the use of gene therapy products or gene-induced products, which are a new type of disease treatment for the prevention or treatment of human diseases. Public attitudes may be influenced by claims that gene therapy products or gene-induced products are unsafe, and these treatment methodologies may not gain the acceptance of the public or the medical community. Negative public reaction to gene therapy products or gene-induced products could also result in greater government regulation and stricter clinical trial oversight.

WE CANNOT PREDICT THE SAFETY PROFILE OF THE USE OF OUR MEDPULSER ELECTROPORATION SYSTEM WHEN USED IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER THERAPIES.

Our trials involve the use of our MedPulser® Electroporation System in combination with bleomycin, an anti-cancer drug. While the data we have evaluated to date suggest the MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System does not increase the adverse effects of other therapies, we cannot predict if this outcome will continue to be true or whether possible adverse side effects not directly attributable to the other drugs will compromise the safety profile of our MedPulser® Electroporation Therapy System when used in certain combination therapies or if used off-label with other drugs by physicians.

WE RUN THE RISK THAT OUR TECHNOLOGY WILL BECOME OBSOLETE OR LOSE ITS COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE.

The drug delivery business is very competitive, fast moving and intense, and expected to be increasingly so in the future. Other companies and research institutions are developing drug delivery systems that, if not similar in type to our systems, are designed to address the same patient or subject population. Therefore, we cannot promise you that our products will be the best, the safest, the first to market, or the most economical to make or use. If competitors’ products are better than ours, for whatever reason, then we could make less money from sales and our products risk becoming obsolete.

There are many reasons why a competitor might be more successful than us, including:

Financial Resources. Some competitors have greater financial resources and can afford more technical and development setbacks than we can.

Greater Experience. Some competitors have been in the biomedical business longer than we have. They have greater experience than us in critical areas like clinical testing, obtaining regulatory approval, and sales and marketing. This experience or their name recognition may give them a competitive advantage over us.

Superior Patent Position. Some competitors may have a better patent position protecting their technology than we have or will have to protect our technology. If we cannot use our patents to prevent others from copying our technology or developing similar technology, or if we cannot obtain a critical license to another’s patent that we need to make and use our equipment, then we would expect our competitive position to weaken.

Faster to Market. Some companies with competitive technologies may move through stages of development, approval, and marketing faster than us. If a competitor receives FDA approval before us, then it will be authorized to sell its products before we can sell ours. Because the first company “to market” often has a significant advantage over late-comers, a second place position could result in less than anticipated sales.

Reimbursement Allowed. In the U.S., third party payers, such as Medicare, may reimburse physicians and hospitals for competitors’ products but not for our human-use products. This would significantly affect our ability to sell our human-use products in the U.S. and would have a serious effect on revenue and our business as a whole. Outside of the U.S., reimbursement and funding policies vary widely.

ANY ACQUISITION WE MIGHT MAKE MAY BE COSTLY AND DIFFICULT TO INTEGRATE, MAY DIVERT MANAGEMENT RESOURCES OR DILUTE STOCKHOLDER VALUE.

We have considered and made strategic acquisitions in the past, including Inovio AS in January 2005, and, in the future, may acquire or make investments in complementary companies, products or technologies. As part of our business strategy, we may acquire assets or businesses principally relating to or complementary to our current operations, and we have in the past evaluated and discussed such opportunities with interested parties. Any acquisitions we undertake will be accompanied by the risks commonly encountered in business acquisitions. These risks include, among other things:

· Potential exposure to unknown liabilities of acquired companies;

· The difficulty and expense of assimilating the operations and personnel of acquired businesses;

· Diversion of management time and attention and other resources;

· Loss of key employees and customers as a result of changes in management;

· Incurrence of amortization expenses related to intangible assets or large impairment charges; and

· Possible dilution to our stockholders.

In addition, geography may make the integration of businesses more difficult. We may not be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with any acquisitions.

ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, MILITARY OR OTHER EVENTS IN THE UNITED STATES OR IN OTHER COUNTRIES COULD INTERFERE WITH OUR SUCCESS OR OPERATIONS AND HARM OUR BUSINESS

The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks disrupted commerce throughout the United States and other parts of the world. The continued threat of similar attacks throughout the world and the military action taken by the United States and other nations in Iraq or other countries may cause significant disruption to commerce throughout the world. To the extent that such disruptions further slow the global economy, our business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. We are unable to predict whether the threat of new attacks or the responses thereto will result in any long-term commercial disruptions or if such activities or responses will have a long-term material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

OUR DEPENDENCE UPON NON-MARKETED PRODUCTS, LACK OF EXPERIENCE IN MANUFACTURING AND MARKETING HUMAN-USE PRODUCTS, AND OUR CONTINUING DEFICIT MAY RESULT IN EVEN FURTHER FLUCTUATIONS IN OUR TRADING VOLUME AND SHARE PRICE.

Successful approval, marketing, and sales of our human-use equipment are critical to the financial future of our company. Our human-use products are not yet approved for sale in the United States and some other jurisdictions and we may never obtain those approvals. Even if we do obtain approvals to sell our human-use products in the United States, those sales may not be as large or

timely as we expect. These uncertainties may cause our operating results to fluctuate dramatically in the next several years. We believe that quarter-to-quarter or annual comparisons of our operating results are not a good indicator of our future performance. Nevertheless, these fluctuations may cause us to perform below the expectations of the public market analysts and investors. If this happens, the price of our common shares would likely fall.

THERE IS A RISK OF PRODUCT LIABILITY WITH HUMAN-USE EQUIPMENT.

The testing, marketing and sale of human-use products expose us to significant and unpredictable risks of equipment product liability claims. These claims may arise from patients, clinical trial volunteers, consumers, physicians, hospitals, companies, institutions, researchers or others using, selling, or buying our equipment. Product liability risks are inherent in our business and will exist even after the products are approved for sale. If and when our human-use equipment is commercialized, we run the risk that use (or misuse) of the equipment will result in personal injury. The chance of such an occurrence will increase after a product type is on the market.

We have obtained liability insurance in connection with ongoing business and products, and we may purchase additional policies if such policies are determined by management to be necessary. However, our existing insurance and the insurance we purchase may not provide adequate coverage in the event a claim is made and we may be required to pay claims directly. If we did have to make payment against a claim, then it would impact our financial ability to perform the research, development, and sales activities we have planned.

If and when our human-use equipment is commercialized, there is always the risk of product defects. Product defects can lead to loss of future sales, decrease in market acceptance, damage to our brand or reputation, product returns and warranty costs, and even product withdrawal from the market. These events can occur whether the defect resides in a component we purchased from a third party or whether it was due to our design and/or manufacture. We expect that our sales agreements will contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to product liability claims. However, we do not know whether these limitations are enforceable in the countries in which the sale is made. Any product liability or other claim brought against us, if successful and of sufficient magnitude, could negatively impact our financial performance, even if we have insurance.

WE CANNOT BE CERTAIN THAT WE WILL BE ABLE TO MANUFACTURE OUR HUMAN-USE EQUIPMENT IN SUFFICIENT VOLUMES AT COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE RATES.

Our manufacturing facilities for human-use products will be subject to quality systems regulations, international quality standards and other regulatory requirements, including pre-approval inspection for the human-use equipment and periodic post-approval inspections for all human-use products. While we have undergone and passed a quality systems audit from an international body, we have never undergone a quality systems inspection by the FDA. We may not be able to pass an FDA inspection when it occurs. If our facilities are found not to be up to the FDA standards in sufficient time, prior to United States launch of product, then it will result in a delay or termination of our ability to produce the human-use equipment in our facility. Any delay in production will have a negative effect on our business. While there are no target dates set forth for launch of our products in the United States, we plan on launching these products once we successfully perform a Phase III clinical study, obtain the requisite regulatory approval, and engage a partner who has the financial resources and marketing capacity to bring our products to market.

Our products must be manufactured in sufficient commercial quantities, in compliance with regulatory requirements, and at an acceptable cost to be attractive to purchasers. We rely on third parties to manufacture and assemble most aspects of our equipment.

Disruption of the manufacture of our products, for whatever reason, could delay or interrupt our ability to manufacture or deliver our products to customers on a timely basis. This would be expected to affect revenue and may affect our long-term reputation, as well. In the event we provide product of inferior quality, we run the risk of product liability claims and warranty obligations, which will negatively affect our financial performance.

IF WE LOSE KEY PERSONNEL OR ARE UNABLE TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN ADDITIONAL, HIGHLY SKILLED PERSONNEL REQUIRED TO DEVELOP OUR PRODUCTS OR OBTAIN NEW COLLABORATIONS, OUR BUSINESS MAY SUFFER.

We depend, to a significant extent, on the efforts of our key employees, including senior management and senior scientific, clinical, regulatory and other personnel. The development of new therapeutic products requires expertise from a number of different disciplines, some of which is not widely available. We depend upon our scientific staff to discover new product candidates and to develop and conduct pre-clinical studies of those new potential products. Our clinical and regulatory staff is responsible for the design and execution of clinical trials in accordance with FDA requirements and for the advancement of our product candidates toward FDA approval. Our manufacturing staff is responsible for designing and conducting our manufacturing processes in accordance with the FDA’s Quality System Regulations. The quality and reputation of our scientific, clinical, regulatory and manufacturing staff, especially the senior staff, and their success in performing their responsibilities, are significant factors in attracting potential funding

sources and collaborators. In addition, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and other executive officers are involved in a broad range of critical activities, including providing strategic and operational guidance. The loss of these individuals, or our inability to retain or recruit other key management and scientific, clinical, regulatory, manufacturing and other personnel, may delay or prevent us from achieving our business objectives. We face intense competition for personnel from other companies, universities, public and private research institutions, government entities and other organizations.

WE MAY NOT MEET ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES AND AS A RESULT COULD BE SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES.

Like all companies in our line of work, we are subject to a variety of governmental regulations relating to the use, storage, discharge and disposal of hazardous substances. Our safety procedures for handling, storage and disposal of such materials are designed to comply with applicable laws and regulations. Nevertheless, if we are found to not comply with environmental regulations, or if we are involved with contamination or injury from these materials, then we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties. This would have a negative impact on our reputation and finances, and could result in a slowdown or even complete cessation of our business. We believe we are currently in compliance with all material applicable environmental regulations.

OUR FACILITIES ARE LOCATED NEAR KNOWN EARTHQUAKE FAULT ZONES, AND THE OCCURRENCE OF AN EARTHQUAKE OR OTHER CATASTROPHIC DISASTER COULD CAUSE DAMAGE TO OUR FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT.

Our facilities are located near known earthquake fault zones and are vulnerable to damage from earthquakes. We are also vulnerable to damage from other types of disasters, including fire, floods, power loss, communications failures and similar events. If any disaster were to occur, our ability to operate our business at our facilities would be seriously impaired. In addition, the nature of our research activities could cause significant delays in our programs and make it difficult for us to recover from a disaster. The insurance we maintain may not be adequate to cover our losses resulting from disasters or other business interruptions. Accordingly, an earthquake or other disaster could materially and adversely harm our ability to conduct business.

WE ARE EXPOSED TO POTENTIAL RISKS FROM RECENT LEGISLATION REQUIRING COMPANIES TO EVALUATE INTERNAL CONTROLS UNDER SECTION 404 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002.

As directed by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 404”), the Securities and Exchange Commission adopted rules requiring public companies to include a report of management on our internal controls over financial reporting in our annual reports on Form 10-K that contains an assessment by management of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm must attest to and report on management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. This requirement first applied to our 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

How companies are implementing these new requirements including internal control reforms, if any, to comply with Section 404’s requirements, and how independent auditors are applying these new requirements and testing companies’ internal controls, is an evolving process and remains subject to uncertainty. The requirements of Section 404 are ongoing and apply to future years. We expect that our internal controls will continue to evolve as our business activities change. During the course of management’s and our independent registered public accounting firm’s review of our internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, we did identify two significant control deficiencies that did not rise to the level of material weaknesses, as defined by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). Although we will continue to diligently and vigorously review our internal controls over financial reporting in order to ensure compliance with the Section 404 requirements, any control system, regardless of how well designed, operated and evaluated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met.

If, during any year, our independent registered public accounting firm is not satisfied with our internal controls over financial reporting or the level at which these controls are documented, designed, operated, tested or assessed, or if the independent registered public accounting firm interprets the requirements, rules or regulations differently than we do, then our independent registered public accounting firm may decline to attest to management’s assessment or may issue a report that is qualified. This could result in an adverse reaction in the financial marketplace due to a loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which ultimately could negatively impact the market price of our stock.

CHANGES IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES MAY AFFECT OUR FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS.

In January 2005, we acquired Inovio AS, a Norwegian company. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, Inovio AS contributed approximately $55,839 and $211,132 to our revenue, respectively, which amounted to approximately 10% and 11% of our total revenue. Inovio AS conducts its operations primarily in foreign currencies, including the Euro, Norwegian Kroner and Swedish Krona. Also, in October 2006, we incorporated Inovio Asia Pte. Ltd. (“IAPL”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of

the Company, in the Republic of Singapore. Fluctuation in the values of these foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will affect our financial results which are reported in U.S. dollars and will cause U.S. dollar translation of such currencies to vary from one period to another. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results.

ADDITIONAL OR UPDATED RISK FACTORS

Prior to making an investment decision with respect to the common stock offered hereby, prospective investors should also carefully consider any specific factors set forth under a caption “risk factors” in any applicable prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information appearing in this prospectus or the prospectus supplement or incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by any selling stockholder of the shares of our common stock being offered in this prospectus.

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

Up to 3,185,119 shares of our common stock are being offered by this prospectus, all of which are being registered for sale for the accounts of the selling security holders and include the following:

· 2,201,644 shares of our common stock and 770,573 shares of our common stock underlying warrants exercisable at $2.87 per share that we issued in a private placement to foreign investors on January 14, 2007, in exchange for ordinary shares of our subsidiary, Inovio Asia Pte. Ltd.; and

· 167,902 shares of our common stock underlying warrants exercisable at $2.87 per share that we issued to certain holders of our Series C Cumulative Preferred Stock in partial exchange for 115.12 Series C Preferred shares and $14,571 in accrued dividends; and

· 45,000 shares of our common stock that we issued to a non-executive employee as a performance based bonus.

Each of the transactions by which the selling stockholders acquired their securities from us was exempt under the registration provisions of the Securities Act of 1933.

The shares of common stock referred to above are being registered to permit public sales of the shares, and the selling stockholders may offer the shares for resale from time to time pursuant to this prospectus. The selling stockholders may also sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or a portion of their shares in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act or pursuant to another effective registration statement covering those shares. We may from time to time include additional selling stockholders in supplements or amendments to this prospectus.

The table below sets forth certain information regarding the selling stockholders and the shares of our common stock offered by them in this prospectus. The selling stockholders have not had a material relationship with us within the past three years other than as described in the footnotes to the table below or as a result of their acquisition of our shares or other securities. To our knowledge, subject to community property laws where applicable, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of common stock set forth opposite such person’s name.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a selling stockholder and the percentage of ownership of that selling stockholder, shares of common stock underlying shares of our convertible preferred stock, options or warrants held by that selling stockholder that are convertible or exercisable, as the case may be, within 60 days of January 15, 2007 are included. Those shares, however, are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other selling stockholder. Each selling stockholder’s percentage of ownership of our outstanding shares in the table below is based upon 37,886,165 shares of common stock outstanding as of January 15, 2007. In all but a few cases, there exist contractual provisions limiting conversion of our preferred stock and/or exercise of warrants to the extent such conversion or exercise would cause such selling stockholder, together with its affiliates or members of a “group”, to beneficially own a number of shares of common stock which would exceed 4.95% (9.95% if at the time of conversion or exercise such selling stockholder, its affiliates or members of a “group,” for purposes of Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, already exceeds 4.95%) of our then outstanding shares of common stock following such conversion or exercise. The shares and percentage ownership of our outstanding shares indicated in the table below do not give effect to these limitations.

	Ownership Before Offering					After offering(1)
Selling Stockholder	Number of shares of common stock beneficially owned		Percentage of common stock beneficially owned		Number of shares offered	Number of shares of common stock beneficially owned	Percentage of common stock beneficially owned
ATP Investments Limited	1,028,806	(2)	2.70	%	1,028,806	---	*
Evia Growth Opportunities Limited	514,402	(3)	1.35	%	514,402	---	*
Aventures 1 Pte. Ltd.	128,600	(4)	*		128,600	---	*
Skyven Growth Capital Fund Pte. Ltd.	128,600	(5)	*		128,600	---	*
HSBC Institutional Trust Services (Singapore) Limited, as trustee of Pre-IPO Fund	257,201	(6)	*		257,201	---	*
Avia Growth Opportunities II Pte. Ltd.	643,003	(7)	1.69	%	643,003	---	*
Broadven Ltd.	778,805	(8)	2.02	%	271,605	507,200	1.32	%
Alpha Capital Anstalt	292,401	(9)	*		36,463	255,938	*
Pharmaceutical Medical Tech Fund	307,004	(10)	*		72,922	234,082	*
Rennes Foundation	246,359	(11)	*		58,517	187,842	*
Iacob Mathiesen	437,189	(12)	1.15	%	45,000	392,189	1.01	%
Total					3,185,119

* Less than 1 percent.

(1) Represents the amount of shares that will be held by the selling stockholders after completion of this offering based on the assumptions that (a) all shares registered for sale by the registration statement of which this prospectus is part will be sold and (b) that no other shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the selling stockholders are acquired or are sold prior to completion of this offering by the selling stockholders. However, the selling stockholders may sell all, some or none of the shares offered pursuant to this prospectus and may sell other shares of our common stock that they may own pursuant to another registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 or sell some or all of their shares pursuant to an exemption from the registration provisions of the Securities Act, including under Rule 144. To our knowledge there are currently no agreements, arrangements or understanding with respect to the sale of any of the shares that may be held by the selling stockholders after completion of this offering or otherwise.

(2) Includes 205,761 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(3) Includes 102,880 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(4) Includes 25,720 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(5) Includes 25,720 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(6) Includes 51,440 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is an affiliate of HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. a registered broker-dealer.

(7) Includes 128,600 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(8) Includes 634,771 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(9) Includes 85,338 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(10) Includes 98,657 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(11) Includes 79,167 shares underlying warrants that are exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advised that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

(12) Includes 387,189 shares underlying Series D Preferred Stock and 5,000 shares underlying options that are convertible or exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2007. We have been advices that the selling stockholder is not a broker-dealer or an affiliate broker-dealer.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the shares of common stock on behalf of the selling stockholders. Sales of shares may be made by selling stockholders, including their respective donees, transferees, pledgees or other successors-in-interest directly to purchasers or to or through underwriters, broker-dealers or through agents. Sales may be made from time to time on the American Stock Exchange, any other exchange upon which our shares may trade in the future, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to market prices, or at negotiated or fixed prices. The shares may be sold by one or more of, or a combination of, the following:

· A block trade in which the broker-dealer so engaged will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction (including crosses in which the same broker acts as agent for both sides of the transaction);

· Purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by such broker-dealer, including resales for its account, pursuant to this prospectus;

· Ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchases;

· Through options, swaps or derivatives;

· In privately negotiated transactions;

· In making short sales or in transactions to cover short sales; and

· Put or call option transactions relating to the shares.

The selling stockholders may effect these transactions by selling shares directly to purchasers or to or through broker-dealers, which may act as agents or principals. These broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling stockholders and/or the purchasers of shares for whom such broker-dealers may act as agents or to whom they sell as principals, or both (which compensation as to a particular broker-dealer might be in excess of customary commissions). The selling stockholders have advised us that they have not entered into any agreements, understandings or arrangements with any underwriters or broker-dealers regarding the sale of their securities.

The selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions. In connection with those transactions, the broker-dealers or other financial institutions may engage in short sales of the shares or of securities convertible into or exchangeable for the shares in the course of hedging positions they assume with the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders may also enter into options or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions which require the delivery of shares offered by this prospectus to those broker-dealers or other financial institutions. The broker-dealer or other financial institution may then resell the shares pursuant to this prospectus (as amended or supplemented, if required by applicable law, to reflect those transactions).

The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers that act in connection with the sale of shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act of 1933, and any commissions received by broker-dealers or any profit on the resale of the shares sold by them while acting as principals may be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act. The selling stockholders may agree to indemnify any agent, dealer or broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving sales of the shares against liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act. We have agreed to indemnify each of the selling stockholders and each selling stockholder has agreed, severally and not jointly, to indemnify us against some liabilities in connection with the offering of the shares, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

The selling stockholders will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. We have informed the selling stockholders that the anti-manipulative provisions of Regulation M promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 may apply to their sales in the market.

Selling stockholders also may resell all or a portion of the shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, provided they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of Rule 144.

Upon being notified by a selling stockholder that a material arrangement has been entered into with a broker-dealer for the sale of shares through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution or secondary distribution or a purchase by a broker or dealer, we will file a supplement to this prospectus, if required pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, disclosing:

· The name of each such selling stockholder and of the participating broker-dealer(s);

· The number of shares involved;

· The initial price at which the shares were sold;

· The commissions paid or discounts or concessions allowed to the broker-dealer(s), where applicable;

· That such broker-dealer(s) did not conduc·t any investigation to verify the information set out or incorporated by reference in this prospectus; and

· Other facts material to the transactions.

In addition, if required under applicable law or the rules or regulations of the Commission, we will file a supplement to this prospectus when a selling stockholder notifies us that a donee or pledgee intends to sell more than 500 shares of common stock.

We are paying all expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the shares. The selling stockholders will bear all brokerage or underwriting discounts or commissions paid to broker-dealers in connection with the sale of the shares.

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the issuance of the shares offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP, Los Angeles, California.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Inovio Biomedical Corporation incorporated by reference in Inovio Biomedical Corporation’s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2005, and Inovio Biomedical Corporation management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 included therein, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements and management’s assessment are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and special reports, along with other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any documentwe file at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. Our common stock is traded on The American Stock Exchange. You may inspect reports and other information concerning us at the offices of the American Stock Exchange, Inc., 86 Trinity Place, New York, New York 10006. These filings and other information may also be inspected without charge at a Web site maintained by the SEC. The address of the site is http://www.sec.gov.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

This prospectus is part of a registration statement filed with the SEC. The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” into this prospectus the information that we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. The following documents were filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act and are incorporated by reference and made a part of this prospectus:

· our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2006;

· our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2006, June 30, 2006 and September 30, 2006 filed with the SEC on May 9, 2006, August 8, 2006 and November 9, 2006, respectively;

· our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 6, 2006, April 3, 2006, June 30, 2006, July 25, 2006, September 20, 2006, October 16, 2006, November 8, 2006 and December 21, 2006;

· our definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on March 30, 2006; and

· the description of our capital stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on December 4, 1998, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

The documents listed above and all documents that we file with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the date of this initial registration statement and prior to effectiveness of this registration statement, or prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment that indicates that all securities offered herein have been sold or which deregisters all securities remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and to be a part hereto from the date of filing such documents.

Any statement contained in a document that is incorporated by reference will be modified or superseded for all purposes to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus, or in any other document that is subsequently filed with the SEC and incorporated by reference, modifies or is contrary to that previous statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed a part of this prospectus except as so modified and superseded.

We will provide without charge to each person to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon oral or written request, a copy of any or all of the foregoing documents incorporated herein by reference (other than exhibits to such documents unless such exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference into the information that this prospectus incorporates). Written or telephone requests should be directed to Shareholder Relations at Inovio Biomedical Corporation, 11494 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA 92121-1318, telephone number (858) 597-6006. Our website address is www.inovio.com.

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different or additional information. The selling stockholders will not make an offer of these shares in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date of those documents.

PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses payable by the Registrant in connection with this offering, other than underwriting commissions and discounts, all of which are estimated except for the SEC registration fee.

Item	Amount
SEC registration fee	$	1,140
Printing and engraving expenses	3,000
Legal fees and expenses	15,000
Accounting fees and expenses	10,200
Transfer agent and registrar’s fees and expenses	2,000
Miscellaneous expenses	1,500
Total	$	32,840

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Under Section 145 of Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”), we can indemnify our directors and officers against liabilities they may incur in such capacities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Our certificate of incorporation provides that, pursuant to Delaware law, our directors shall not be liable for monetary damages for breach of the directors’ fiduciary duty of care to us and our stockholders. This provision in the certificate of incorporation does not eliminate the duty of care, and in appropriate circumstances equitable remedies such as injunctive or other forms of non-monetary relief will remain available under Delaware law. In addition, each director will continue to be subject to liability for breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders, for acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct or knowing violations of the law, for actions leading to improper personal benefit to the director, and for payment of dividends or approval of stock repurchases or redemptions that are unlawful under Delaware law. The provision also does not affect a director’s responsibilities under any other law, such as the federal securities laws or state or federal environmental laws.

Our bylaws provide for the indemnification of our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. Our bylaws further provide that our board of directors has sole discretion to indemnify our officers and other employees. We may limit the extent of such indemnification by individual contracts with our directors and executive officers, but have not done so. We are not, however, required to indemnify any director or executive officer in connection with any proceeding initiated by us and approved by a majority of our board of directors, that alleges (a) unlawful misappropriation of corporate assets, (b) disclosure of confidential information or (c) any other willful breach of such director or executive officer’s duty to us or our stockholders. We are required to advance, prior to the final disposition of any proceeding, promptly on request, all expenses incurred by any director or executive officer in connection with that proceeding on receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of that director or executive officer to repay those amounts if it should be determined ultimately that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified under our bylaws or otherwise.

We also have directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.

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Item 16. Exhibits.

Exhibit Number		Description of Document
3.2(b)		Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as filed with the Delaware† Secretary of State on March 31, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 4, 2005).
3.3		Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended through August 12, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 17, 2005).
4.1		Specimen common stock certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 of the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-108752) filed with the SEC on September 12, 2003).
4.2		Amended and Restated Stockholders Rights Agreement dated June 20, 1997 by and between the Registrant and Computershare Trust Company of Canada, as amended on March 25, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on April 28, 2003).
4.3		Securities Purchase and Exchange Agreement dated September 15, 2006 between registrant and Inovio Asia Pte Ltd. and the purchasers named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of registrant’s Quarterly Report filed with the SEC on November 9, 2006).
4.4		Preferred Exchange Agreement dated September 15, 2006 between registrant and certain holders of Series C Preferred Stock.
4.5		Form of a Common Stock Purchase Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 20, 2006).
4.6		Registration Rights Agreement dated September 15, 2006 by and between registrant and the investors named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the registrant’s Quarterly Report filed with the SEC on November 9, 2006).
5.1*		Opinion of Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP.
23.1		Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
23.2		Consent of Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1).
24.1		Power of Attorney (included on signature page).

* To be filed by amendment or as an exhibit to a report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 17. Undertakings

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that Paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

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(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

(i) If the registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or

(ii) If the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:

The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the

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Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements of filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment to Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of San Diego, State of California, on January 19, 2007.

		Inovio Biomedical Corporation

		By:		/s/ Avtar Dhillon
				Avtar Dhillon
				President, Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

	Signature		Title		Date

/s/ Avtar Dhillon		Chief Executive Officer, President and Director		January 19, 2007
Avtar Dhillon		(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Peter D. Kies		Chief Financial Officer		January 19, 2007
Peter D. Kies		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ James L. Heppell*		Director		January 19, 2007
James L. Heppell

/s/ Felix Theeuwes*		Director		January 19, 2007
Felix Theeuwes

/s/ Tazdin Esmail*		Director		January 19, 2007
Tazdin Esmail

/s/ Simon X. Benito*		Director		January 19, 2007
Simon X. Benito

/s/ Riaz Bandali*		Director		January 19, 2007
Riaz Bandali

* By		/s/ Avtar Dhillon		Attorney-in-Fact		January 19, 2007
		Avtar Dhillon

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