JEF 10K 11.30.15 Combined Document
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
|
| |
ý | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2015
OR
|
| |
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-14947
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
|
| |
Delaware | 95-4719745 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| |
520 Madison Avenue, New York, New York | 10022 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 284-2550
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
|
| | |
| | |
Title of each class: | | Name of each exchange on which registered: |
5.125% Senior Notes Due 2023 | | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Limited Liability Company Interests
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 232.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
|
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Large accelerated filer | | o | | Accelerated filer | | o |
| | | |
Non-accelerated filer | | ý | | Smaller Reporting company | | o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No ý
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. $0 as of May 31, 2015.
The Registrant is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Leucadia National Corporation and meets the conditions set forth in General Instructions I(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-K and is therefore filing this Form 10-K with a reduced disclosure format as permitted by Instruction I(2).
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-K
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
PART I
Introduction
Jefferies Group LLC and its subsidiaries operate as a global full service, integrated securities and investment banking firm. Our largest operating subsidiary, Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”), was founded in the U.S. in 1962 and our first international operating subsidiary, Jefferies International Limited (“Jefferies Europe”), was established in the U.K. in 1986. On March 1, 2013, we converted into a limited liability company (renamed Jefferies Group LLC) and became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Leucadia National Corporation (“Leucadia”) (referred to herein as the “Leucadia Transaction”). Richard Handler, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, is Leucadia's Chief Executive Officer and Brian P. Friedman, our Chairman of the Executive Committee, is Leucadia’s President. Messrs. Handler and Friedman are also Leucadia Directors. We are an SEC reporting company and retain a credit rating separate from Leucadia.
At November 30, 2015, we had approximately 3,550 employees in the Americas, Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Our global headquarters and executive offices are located at 520 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022. We also have regional headquarters in London and Hong Kong. Our primary telephone number is (212) 284-2550 and our Internet address is jefferies.com.
The following documents and reports are available on our public website:
| |
• | Earnings Releases and Other Public Announcements |
| |
• | Annual and interim reports on Form 10-K; |
| |
• | Quarterly reports on Form 10-Q; |
| |
• | Current reports on Form 8-K; |
| |
• | Reportable waivers, if any, from our Code of Ethics by our executive officers; |
| |
• | Board of Directors Corporate Governance Guidelines; |
| |
• | Charter of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board of Directors; |
| |
• | Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors; |
| |
• | Charter of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors; and |
| |
• | Any amendments to the above-mentioned documents and reports. |
We expect to use our website as our main form of communication of significant news. We encourage you to visit our website for additional information. In addition, you may also obtain a printed copy of any of the above documents or reports by sending a request to Investor Relations, Jefferies Group LLC, 520 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022, by calling 203-708-5975 or by sending an email to info@jefferies.com.
Business Segments
We currently operate in two business segments, Capital Markets and Asset Management. Our Capital Markets reportable segment, which principally represents our entire business, consists of our securities trading and investment banking activities. The Capital Markets reportable segment provides the sales, trading and/or origination and execution effort for various equity, fixed income, futures, foreign exchange and advisory products and services. The Asset Management segment includes asset management activities and related services.
Financial information regarding our reportable business segments at November 30, 2015, November 30, 2014 and November 30, 2013 is set forth in Note 22, Segment Reporting, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our Businesses
Capital Markets
Our Capital Markets segment focuses on Equities, Fixed Income and Investment Banking. We primarily serve institutional investors, corporations and government entities.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Equities
Equities Research, Sales and Trading
We provide our clients full-service equities research, sales and trading capabilities across global securities markets. We earn commissions or spread revenue by executing, settling and clearing transactions for clients across these markets in equity and equity-related products, including common stock, American depository receipts, global depository receipts, exchange traded funds, exchange-traded and over-the-counter (“OTC”) equity derivatives, convertible and other equity-linked products and closed-end funds. Our equity research, sales and trading efforts are organized across three geographical regions: the Americas; Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and Asia Pacific. Our main product lines within the regions are cash equities, electronic trading, derivatives and convertibles. Our clients are primarily institutional market participants such as mutual funds, hedge funds, investment advisors, pension and profit sharing plans and insurance companies. Through our global research team and sales force, we maintain relationships with our clients, distribute investment research and strategy, trading ideas, market information and analyses across a range of industries and receive and execute client orders. Our equity research covers over 2,000 companies around the world and a further nearly 700 companies are covered by eight leading local firms in Asia Pacific with whom we maintain alliances.
Equity Finance
Our Equity Finance business provides financing, securities lending and other prime brokerage services. We offer prime brokerage services in the U.S. that provide hedge funds, money managers and registered investment advisors with execution, financing, clearing, reporting and administrative services. We finance our clients’ securities positions through margin loans that are collateralized by securities, cash or other acceptable liquid collateral. We earn an interest spread equal to the difference between the amount we pay for funds and the amount we receive from our clients. We also operate a matched book in equity and corporate bond securities, whereby we borrow and lend securities versus cash or liquid collateral and earn a net interest spread. We offer selected prime brokerage clients with the option of custodying their assets at an unaffiliated U.S. broker-dealer that is a subsidiary of a bank holding company. Under this arrangement, we provide our clients directly with all customary prime brokerage services.
Wealth Management
We provide tailored wealth management services designed to meet the needs of high net worth individuals, their families and their businesses, private equity and venture funds and small institutions. Our advisors provide access to all of our institutional execution capabilities and deliver other financial services. Our open architecture platform affords clients access to products and services from both our firm and from a variety of other major financial services institutions.
Fixed Income
Fixed Income Sales and Trading
We provide our clients with sales and trading of investment grade corporate bonds, U.S. and European government and agency securities, municipal bonds, mortgage- and asset-backed securities, leveraged loans, high yield and distressed securities, emerging markets debt and derivative products. Jefferies is designated as a Primary Dealer by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and Jefferies International Limited is designated in similar capacities for several countries in Europe and trades a broad spectrum of other European government bonds. Additionally, through the use of repurchase agreements, we act as an intermediary between borrowers and lenders of short-term funds and obtain funding for various of our inventory positions. We trade and make markets globally in cleared and uncleared swaps and forwards referencing, among other things, interest rates, investment grade and non-investment grade corporate credits, credit indexes and asset-backed security indexes.
Our strategists and economists provide ongoing commentary and analysis of the global fixed income markets. In addition, our fixed income desk analysts provide ideas and analysis across a variety of fixed income products.
Futures and Foreign Exchange
In April 2015 we entered into a definitive agreement to transfer most of our futures activities to Société Générale S.A. That transaction closed in the second quarter of 2015. As of the end of 2015, our futures business consists solely of executing certain customer and proprietary futures orders.
We also offer trade execution in foreign exchange spot, forward, swap and option contracts across major currencies.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Investment Banking
We provide our clients around the world with a full range of equity capital markets, debt capital markets and financial advisory services. Our services are enhanced by our industry sector expertise, our global distribution capabilities and our senior level commitment to our clients.
Approximately 750 investment banking professionals operate in the Americas, Europe and Asia, and are organized into industry, product and geographic coverage groups. Our sector coverage groups include Consumer & Retailing; Financial Institutions; Industrials; Healthcare; Energy; Real Estate, Gaming & Lodging; Media & Telecommunications; Technology; Financial Sponsors and State & Local Governments. Our product coverage groups include equity capital markets; debt capital markets; financial advisory, which includes both mergers and acquisitions and restructuring and recapitalization and U.K. corporate broking. Our geographic coverage groups include coverage teams based in major cities in the United States, Canada, Brazil, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Sweden, India, United Arab Emirates, China and Singapore.
Equity Capital Markets
We provide a broad range of equity financing capabilities to companies and financial sponsors. These capabilities include private equity placements, initial public offerings, follow-on offerings, block trades and equity-linked convertible securities transactions.
Debt Capital Markets
We provide a wide range of debt financing capabilities for companies, financial sponsors and government entities. We focus on structuring, underwriting and distributing public and private debt, including investment grade and non-investment grade corporate debt, leveraged loans, mortgage and other asset-backed securities, and liability management solutions.
Advisory Services
We provide mergers and acquisition and restructuring and recapitalization services to companies, financial sponsors and government entities. In the mergers and acquisition area, we advise sellers and buyers on corporate sales and divestitures, acquisitions, mergers, tender offers, spinoffs, joint ventures, strategic alliances and takeover and proxy fight defense. We also provide a broad range of acquisition financing capabilities to assist our clients. In the restructuring and recapitalization area, we provide to companies, bondholders and lenders a full range of restructuring advisory capabilities as well as expertise in the structuring, valuation and placement of securities issued in recapitalizations.
Asset Management
We provide investment management services to pension funds, insurance companies and other institutional investors. Our primary asset management programs are strategic investment, special situation and global macro strategies. We partner with Leucadia’s asset management business in providing asset management services.
Our strategic investment programs are systematic, multi-strategy, multi-asset class programs with the objective of generating a steady stream of absolute returns irrespective of the direction of major market indices or phase of the economic cycle. These strategies are provided through both long-short equity private funds and separately managed accounts. Our special situation programs consist of managed account and hedge fund offerings that employ event driven strategies evaluating corporate events, including mergers and restructuring for investment opportunities.
Our global macro programs consist of managed account and hedge fund offerings and are designed to profit from deep-rooted global macroeconomic trends.
Leucadia has made investments in certain managed accounts and funds managed by these programs and, accordingly, a portion of the net results are allocated to Leucadia.
Competition
All aspects of our business are intensely competitive. We compete primarily with large global bank holding companies that engage in capital markets activities, but also with firms listed in the AMEX Securities Broker/Dealer Index, other brokers and dealers, and boutique investment banking firms. The large global bank holding companies have substantially greater capital and resources than we do. We believe that the principal factors affecting our competitive standing include the quality, experience and skills of
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
our professionals, the depth of our relationships, the breadth of our service offerings, our ability to deliver consistently our integrated capabilities, and our tenacity and commitment to serve our clients.
Regulation
Regulation in the United States. The financial services industry in which we operate is subject to extensive regulation. In the U.S., the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) is the federal agency responsible for the administration of federal securities laws, and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) is the federal agency responsible for the administration of laws relating to commodity interests (including futures and swaps). In addition, self-regulatory organizations, principally Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the National Futures Association (“NFA”), are actively involved in the regulation of financial services businesses. The SEC, CFTC and self-regulatory organizations conduct periodic examinations of broker-dealers, investment advisers, futures commission merchants (“FCMs”) and swap dealers. The applicable self-regulatory authority for Jefferies’ activities as a broker-dealer is FINRA, and the applicable self-regulatory authority for Jefferies’ FCM activities is the National Futures Association (“NFA”). Financial services businesses are also subject to regulation by state securities commissions and attorneys general in those states in which they do business.
Broker-dealers are subject to SEC and FINRA regulations that cover all aspects of the securities business, including sales and trading methods, trade practices among broker-dealers, use and safekeeping of customers’ funds and securities, capital structure of securities firms, anti-money laundering efforts, recordkeeping and the conduct of directors, officers and employees. Registered advisors are subject to, among other requirements, SEC regulations concerning marketing, transactions with affiliates, disclosure to clients, and recordkeeping; and advisors that are also registered as commodity trading advisors or commodity pool operators are also subject to regulation by the CFTC and the NFA. FCMs, introducing brokers and swap dealers that engage in commodities, futures or swap transactions are subject to regulation by the CFTC and the NFA. Additional legislation, changes in rules promulgated by the SEC, CFTC and self-regulatory organizations, or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules may directly affect the operations and profitability of broker-dealers, investment advisers, FCMs and swap dealers. The SEC, the CFTC and self-regulatory organizations, state securities commissions and state attorneys general may conduct administrative proceedings or initiate civil litigation that can result in censure, fine, suspension, expulsion of a firm, its officers or employees, or revocation of a firm’s licenses.
Net Capital Requirements. U.S. registered broker-dealers are subject to the SEC’s Uniform Net Capital Rule (the “Net Capital Rule”), which specifies minimum net capital requirements. Jefferies Group LLC is not a registered broker-dealer and is therefore not subject to the Net Capital Rule; however, its U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries, Jefferies and Jefferies Execution Services, Inc. (“Jefferies Execution”), are registered broker-dealers and are subject to the Net Capital Rule. Jefferies and Jefferies Execution have elected to compute their minimum net capital requirement in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirement” as permitted by the Net Capital Rule, which provides that a broker-dealer shall not permit its net capital, as defined, to be less than the greater of 2% of its aggregate debit balances (primarily customer-related receivables) or $250,000 ($1.5 million for prime brokers). Compliance with the Net Capital Rule could limit operations of our broker-dealers, such as underwriting and trading activities, that require the use of significant amounts of capital, and may also restrict their ability to make loans, advances, dividends and other payments.
U.S. registered FCMs are subject to the CFTC’s minimum financial requirements for futures commission merchants and introducing brokers. Jefferies Group LLC is not a registered FCM or a registered Introducing Broker, and is therefore not subject to the CFTC’s minimum financial requirements; however, Jefferies is registered as an FCM and is therefore subject to the minimum financial requirements. Under the minimum financial requirements, an FCM must maintain adjusted net capital equal to or in excess of the greater of (A) $1,000,000 or (B) the FCM’s risk-based capital requirements totaling (1) eight percent of the total risk margin requirement for positions carried by the FCM in customer accounts, plus (2) eight percent of the total risk margin requirement for positions carried by the FCM in noncustomer accounts. An FCM’s ability to make capital and certain other distributions is subject to the rules and regulations of various exchanges, clearing organizations and other regulatory agencies which may have capital requirements that are greater than the CFTC’s. Jefferies, as a dually registered broker-dealer and FCM, is required to maintain net capital in excess of the greater of the SEC or CFTC minimum financial requirements.
During October 2015, Jefferies ceased being a full-service FCM. As a result, Jefferies no longer carries customer or proprietary accounts or holds any customer monies or funds. While Jefferies may execute certain customer orders, it no longer clears such transactions.
Our subsidiaries that are registered swap dealers will become subject to capital requirements under the Dodd-Frank Act once they become final. For additional information see Item 1A. Risk Factors - “Recent legislation and new and pending regulation may significantly affect our business.”
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
See Net Capital within Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis and Note 21, Net Capital Requirements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion of net capital calculations.
Regulation outside the United States. We are an active participant in the international capital markets and provide investment banking services internationally, primarily in Europe and Asia. As is true in the U.S., our subsidiaries are subject to extensive regulations promulgated and enforced by, among other regulatory bodies, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission, the Japan Financial Services Agency and the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Every country in which we do business imposes upon us laws, rules and regulations similar to those in the U.S., including with respect to some form of capital adequacy rules, customer protection rules, anti-money laundering and anti-bribery rules, compliance with other applicable trading and investment banking regulations and similar regulatory reform. For additional information see Item 1A. Risk Factors - “Extensive international regulation of our business limits our activities, and, if we violate these regulations, we may be subject to significant penalties.”
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Factors Affecting Our Business
The following factors describe some of the assumptions, risks, uncertainties and other factors that could adversely affect our business or that could otherwise result in changes that differ materially from our expectations. In addition to the specific factors mentioned in this report, we may also be affected by other factors that affect businesses generally such as global or regional changes in economic or business conditions, acts of war, terrorism and natural disasters.
Recent legislation and new and pending regulation may significantly affect our business.
In recent years, there has been significant legislation and increased regulation affecting the financial services industry. These legislative and regulatory initiatives affect not only us, but also our competitors and certain of our clients. These changes could have an effect on our revenue and profitability, limit our ability to pursue certain business opportunities, impact the value of assets that we hold, require us to change certain business practices, impose additional costs on us and otherwise adversely affect our business. Accordingly, we cannot provide assurance that legislation and regulation will not eventually have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act and the rules and regulations adopted and to be adopted by the SEC and CFTC introduce a comprehensive regulatory regime for swaps and security-based swaps and parties that deal in such swaps and security-based swaps. Three of our subsidiaries as registered as swap dealers with the CFTC and are members of the NFA. We may also register one or more subsidiaries as security-based swap dealers with the SEC. The new laws and regulations subject certain swaps and security-based swaps to clearing and exchange trading requirements and subject swap dealers and security-based swap dealers to significant new burdens, including (i) capital and margin requirements, (ii) reporting, recordkeeping and internal business conduct requirements, (iii) external business conduct requirements in dealings with swap counterparties (which are particularly onerous when the counterparty is a special entity such as a federal, state, or municipal entity, an ERISA plan, a government employee benefit plan or an endowment), and (iv) large trader position reporting and certain position limit requirements. The final rules under Title VII, including those rules that have already been adopted, for both cleared and uncleared swap transactions will impose increased capital and margin requirements on our registered entities and require additional operational and compliance costs and resources that will likely affect our business.
Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act (Volcker Rule) limits certain proprietary trading by banking entities such as banks, bank holding companies and similar institutions. Although we are not a banking entity and are not otherwise subject to these rules, some of our clients and many of our counterparties are banks or entities affiliated with banks and are subject to these restrictions. These sections of the Dodd-Frank Act and the regulations that are adopted to implement them could negatively affect the swaps and securities markets by reducing their depth and liquidity and thereby affect pricing in these markets. Other negative effects could result from an expansive extraterritorial application of the Dodd-Frank Act in general or the Volcker Rule in particular and/or insufficient international coordination with respect to adoption of rules for derivatives and other financial reforms in other jurisdictions.
Extensive international regulation of our business limits our activities, and, if we violate these regulations, we may be subject to significant penalties.
The financial services industry is subject to extensive laws, rules and regulations in every country in which we operate. Firms that engage in securities and derivatives trading, wealth and asset management and investment banking must comply with the laws, rules and regulations imposed by national and state governments and regulatory and self-regulatory bodies with jurisdiction over such activities. Such laws, rules and regulations cover all aspects of the financial services business, including, but not limited to,
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
sales and trading methods, trade practices, use and safekeeping of customers’ funds and securities, capital structure, anti-money laundering and anti-bribery and corruption efforts, recordkeeping and the conduct of directors, officers and employees.
Each of our regulators supervises our business activities to monitor compliance with such laws, rules and regulations in the relevant jurisdiction. In addition, if there are instances in which our regulators question our compliance with laws, rules, and regulations, they may investigate the facts and circumstances to determine whether we have complied. At any moment in time, we may be subject to one or more such investigation or similar reviews. At this time, all such investigations and similar reviews are insignificant in scope and immaterial to us. However, there can be no assurance that, in the future, the operations of our businesses will not violate such laws, rules, or regulations and such investigations and similar reviews will not result in adverse regulatory requirements, regulatory enforcement actions and/or fines.
The European Market Infrastructure Regulation (“EMIR”) was enacted in August 2012 and, in common with the Dodd-Frank Act in the U.S., is intended, among other things, to reduce counterparty risk by requiring standardized over-the-counter derivatives be cleared through a central counterparty and reported to registered trade repositories. EMIR is being introduced in phases in the U.K., with implementation of additional requirements expected through 2019. The EU finalized the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation and a revision of the Market in Financial Instruments Directive, both of which are expected to become effective in January 2018. These give effect to the G-20 commitments, including new market structure-related, reporting, investor protection-related and organizational requirements, requirements on pre- and post-trade transparency, requirements to use certain venues when trading financial instruments (which includes certain derivative instruments), requirements affecting the way investment managers can obtain research, powers of regulators to impose position limits and provisions on regulatory sanctions. The European Commission’s changes to the Capital Requirements Directive (“CRD”) comprising CRD IV and the Capital Requirements Regulation (“CRR”) became effective January 1, 2014 implementing Basel III in the UK and imposing higher requirements around capital quality and liquidity monitoring. The EU is also currently considering or executing upon significant revisions to law covering: resolution of banks, investment firms and market infrastructure; administration of financial benchmarks; credit rating activities; anti-money-laundering controls; data security and privacy; remuneration principles and proportionality; disclosures under the Basel regime aiming to increase market transparency and consistency; and corporate governance in financial firms.
Additional legislation, changes in rules, changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules, or the entering into businesses that subject us to new rules and regulations may directly affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. We continue to monitor the impact of new European regulation on our businesses.
Changing conditions in financial markets and the economy could result in decreased revenues, losses or other adverse consequences.
As a global securities and investment banking firm, global or regional changes in the financial markets or economic conditions could adversely affect our business in many ways, including the following:
| |
• | A market downturn could lead to a decline in the volume of transactions executed for customers and, therefore, to a decline in the revenues we receive from commissions and spreads. |
| |
• | Unfavorable financial or economic conditions could reduce the number and size of transactions in which we provide underwriting, financial advisory and other services. Our investment banking revenues, in the form of financial advisory and sales and trading or placement fees, are directly related to the number and size of the transactions in which we participate and could therefore be adversely affected by unfavorable financial or economic conditions. |
| |
• | Adverse changes in the market could lead to losses from principal transactions on our inventory positions. |
| |
• | Adverse changes in the market could also lead to a reduction in revenues from asset management fees and investment income from managed funds and losses on our own capital invested in managed funds. Even in the absence of a market downturn, below-market investment performance by our funds and portfolio managers could reduce asset management revenues and assets under management and result in reputational damage that might make it more difficult to attract new investors. |
| |
• | Limitations on the availability of credit, such as occurred during 2008, can affect our ability to borrow on a secured or unsecured basis, which may adversely affect our liquidity and results of operations. Global market and economic conditions have been particularly disrupted and volatile in the last several years and may be in the future. Our cost and availability of funding could be affected by illiquid credit markets and wider credit spreads. |
| |
• | New or increased taxes on compensation payments such as bonuses or on balance sheet items may adversely affect our profits. |
| |
• | Should one of our customers or competitors fail, our business prospects and revenue could be negatively impacted due to negative market sentiment causing customers to cease doing business with us and our lenders to cease loaning us money, which could adversely affect our business, funding and liquidity. |
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unfounded allegations about us could result in extreme price volatility and price declines in our securities and loss of revenue, clients, and employees.
Our reputation and business activity can be affected by statements and actions of third parties, even false or misleading statements by them. While we have been able to dispel such rumors in the past, our debt-securities prices suffered not only extreme volatility but also record high yields. In addition, our operations in the past have been impacted as some clients either ceased doing business or temporarily slowed down the level of business they do, thereby decreasing our revenue stream. Although we were able to reverse the negative impact of such unfounded allegations and false rumors, there is no assurance that we will be able to do so successfully in the future and our potential failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and liquidity.
A credit-rating agency downgrade could significantly impact our business.
Maintaining an investment grade credit rating is important to our business and financial condition. We intend to access the capital markets and issue debt securities from time to time; and a decrease in our credit rating would not only increase our borrowing costs, but could also decrease demand for our debt securities and make a successful financing more difficult. In addition, in connection with certain over-the-counter derivative contract arrangements and certain other trading arrangements, we may be required to provide additional collateral to counterparties, exchanges and clearing organizations in the event of a credit rating downgrade. Such a downgrade could also negatively impact our debt-securities prices. There can be no assurance that our credit ratings will not be downgraded.
Our principal trading and investments expose us to risk of loss.
A considerable portion of our revenues is derived from trading in which we act as principal. We may incur trading losses relating to the purchase, sale or short sale of fixed income, high yield, international, convertible, and equity securities and futures and commodities for our own account. In any period, we may experience losses on our inventory positions as a result of the level and volatility of equity, fixed income and commodity prices (including oil prices), lack of trading volume and illiquidity. From time to time, we may engage in a large block trade in a single security or maintain large position concentrations in a single security, securities of a single issuer, securities of issuers engaged in a specific industry, or securities from issuers located in a particular country or region. In general, because our inventory is marked to market on a daily basis, any adverse price movement in these securities could result in a reduction of our revenues and profits. In addition, we may engage in hedging transactions that if not successful, could result in losses.
We may incur losses if our risk management is not effective.
We seek to monitor and control our risk exposure. Our risk management processes and procedures are designed to limit our exposure to acceptable levels as we conduct our business. We apply a comprehensive framework of limits on a variety of key metrics to constrain the risk profile of our business activities. The size of the limit reflects our risk tolerance for a certain activity. Our framework includes inventory position and exposure limits on a gross and net basis, scenario analysis and stress tests, value-at-risk, sensitivities, exposure concentrations, aged inventory, amount of Level 3 assets, counterparty exposure, leverage, cash capital, and performance analysis. While we employ various risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques, those techniques and the judgments that accompany their application, including risk tolerance determinations, cannot anticipate every economic and financial outcome or the specifics and timing of such outcomes. As a result, we may incur losses notwithstanding our risk management processes and procedures.
As a holding company, we are dependent for liquidity from payments from our subsidiaries, many of which are subject to restrictions.
As a holding company, we depend on dividends, distributions and other payments from our subsidiaries to fund payments on our obligations, including debt obligations. Many of our subsidiaries, including our broker-dealer subsidiaries, are subject to regulation that restrict dividend payments or reduce the availability of the flow of funds from those subsidiaries to us. In addition, our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to restrictions on their ability to lend or transact with affiliates and to minimum regulatory capital requirements.
Increased competition may adversely affect our revenues, profitability and staffing.
All aspects of our business are intensely competitive. We compete directly with a number of bank holding companies and commercial banks, other brokers and dealers, investment banking firms and other financial institutions. In addition to competition from firms currently in the securities business, there has been increasing competition from others offering financial services, including automated trading and other services based on technological innovations. We believe that the principal factors affecting competition
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
involve market focus, reputation, the abilities of professional personnel, the ability to execute the transaction, relative price of the service and products being offered, bundling of products and services and the quality of service. Increased competition or an adverse change in our competitive position could lead to a reduction of business and therefore a reduction of revenues and profits.
Competition also extends to the hiring and retention of highly skilled employees. A competitor may be successful in hiring away employees, which may result in our losing business formerly serviced by such employees. Competition can also raise our costs of hiring and retaining the employees we need to effectively operate our business.
Operational risks may disrupt our business, result in regulatory action against us or limit our growth.
Our businesses are highly dependent on our ability to process, on a daily basis, a large number of transactions across numerous and diverse markets in many currencies, and the transactions we process have become increasingly complex. If any of our financial, accounting or other data processing systems do not operate properly or are disabled or if there are other shortcomings or failures in our internal processes, people or systems, we could suffer an impairment to our liquidity, financial loss, a disruption of our businesses, liability to clients, regulatory intervention or reputational damage. These systems may fail to operate properly or become disabled as a result of events that are wholly or partially beyond our control, including a disruption of electrical or communications services or our inability to occupy one or more of our buildings. The inability of our systems to accommodate an increasing volume of transactions could also constrain our ability to expand our businesses.
Certain of our financial and other data processing systems rely on access to and the functionality of operating systems maintained by third parties. If the accounting, trading or other data processing systems on which we are dependent are unable to meet increasingly demanding standards for processing and security or, if they fail or have other significant shortcomings, we could be adversely affected. Such consequences may include our inability to effect transactions and manage our exposure to risk.
In addition, despite the contingency plans we have in place, our ability to conduct business may be adversely impacted by a disruption in the infrastructure that supports our businesses and the communities in which they are located. This may include a disruption involving electrical, communications, transportation or other services used by us or third parties with which we conduct business.
Our operations rely on the secure processing, storage and transmission of confidential and other information in our computer systems and networks. Although we take protective measures and devote significant resources to maintaining and upgrading our systems and networks with measures such as intrusion and detection prevention systems, monitoring firewall to safeguard critical business applications and supervising third party providers that have access to our systems, our computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious code, and other events that could have a security impact. Additionally, if a client’s computer system, network or other technology is compromised by unauthorized access, we may face losses or other adverse consequences by unknowingly entering into unauthorized transactions. If one or more of such events occur, this potentially could jeopardize our or our clients’ or counterparties’ confidential and other information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks. Furthermore, such events may cause interruptions or malfunctions in our, our clients’, our counterparties’ or third parties’ operations, including the transmission and execution of unauthorized transactions. We may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures, and we may be subject to litigation and financial losses that are either not insured against or not fully covered through any insurance maintained by us. The increased use of smartphones, tablets and other mobile devices as well as cloud computing may also heighten these and other operational risks. Similar to other firms, we and our third party providers continue to be the subject of attempted unauthorized access, computer viruses and malware, and cyber attacks designed to disrupt of degrade service or cause other damage and denial of service. Additional challenges are posed by external parties, including foreign state actors. There can be no assurance that such unauthorized access or cyber incidents will not occur in the future, and they could occur more frequently and on a larger scale.
We face numerous risks and uncertainties as we expand our business.
We expect the growth of our business to come primarily from internal expansion and through acquisitions and strategic partnering. As we expand our business, there can be no assurance that our financial controls, the level and knowledge of our personnel, our operational abilities, our legal and compliance controls and our other corporate support systems will be adequate to manage our business and our growth. The ineffectiveness of any of these controls or systems could adversely affect our business and prospects. In addition, as we acquire new businesses and introduce new products, we face numerous risks and uncertainties integrating their controls and systems into ours, including financial controls, accounting and data processing systems, management controls and other operations. A failure to integrate these systems and controls, and even an inefficient integration of these systems and controls, could adversely affect our business and prospects.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Certain business initiatives, including expansions of existing businesses, may bring us into contact directly or indirectly, with individuals and entities that are not within our traditional client and counterparty base and may expose us to new asset classes and new markets. These business activities expose us to new and enhanced risks, greater regulatory scrutiny of these activities, increased credit-related, sovereign and operational risks, and reputational concerns regarding the manner in which these assets are being operated or held.
Our international operations subject us to numerous risks which could adversely impact our business in many ways.
Our business and operations are expanding internationally. Wherever we operate, we are subject to legal, regulatory, political, economic and other inherent risks. The laws and regulations applicable to the securities and investment banking industries differ in each country. Our inability to remain in compliance with applicable laws and regulations in a particular country could have a significant and negative effect on our business and prospects in that country as well as in other countries. A political, economic or financial disruption in a country or region could adversely impact our business and increase volatility in financial markets generally.
Legal liability may harm our business.
Many aspects of our business involve substantial risks of liability, and in the normal course of business, we have been named as a defendant or codefendant in lawsuits involving primarily claims for damages. The risks associated with potential legal liabilities often may be difficult to assess or quantify and their existence and magnitude often remain unknown for substantial periods of time. The expansion of our business, including increases in the number and size of investment banking transactions and our expansion into new areas impose greater risks of liability. In addition, unauthorized or illegal acts of our employees could result in substantial liability to us. Substantial legal liability could have a material adverse financial effect or cause us significant reputational harm, which in turn could seriously harm our business and our prospects.
Our business is subject to significant credit risk.
In the normal course of our businesses, we are involved in the execution, settlement and financing of various customer and principal securities and derivative transactions. These activities are transacted on a cash, margin or delivery-versus-payment basis and are subject to the risk of counterparty or customer nonperformance. Although transactions are generally collateralized by the underlying security or other securities, we still face the risks associated with changes in the market value of the collateral through settlement date or during the time when margin is extended and the risk of counterparty nonperformance to the extent collateral has not been secured or the counterparty defaults before collateral or margin can be adjusted. We may also incur credit risk in our derivative transactions to the extent such transactions result in uncollateralized credit exposure to our counterparties.
We seek to control the risk associated with these transactions by establishing and monitoring credit limits and by monitoring collateral and transaction levels daily. We may require counterparties to deposit additional collateral or return collateral pledged. In the case of aged securities failed to receive, we may, under industry regulations, purchase the underlying securities in the market and seek reimbursement for any losses from the counterparty. However, there can be no assurances that our risk controls will be successful.
Derivative transactions may expose us to unexpected risk and potential losses.
We are party to a number of derivative transactions that require us to deliver to the counterparty the underlying security, loan or other obligation in order to receive payment. In a number of cases, we do not hold the underlying security, loan or other obligation and may have difficulty obtaining, or be unable to obtain, the underlying security, loan or other obligation through the physical settlement of other transactions. As a result, we are subject to the risk that we may not be able to obtain the security, loan or other obligation within the required contractual time frame for delivery. This could cause us to forfeit the payments due to us under these contracts or result in settlement delays with the attendant credit and operational risk as well as increased costs to the firm.
|
| |
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments. |
None.
We maintain offices in over 30 cities throughout the world including, in the United States, New York, Charlotte, Chicago, Boston, Houston, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Stamford, and Jersey City, and internationally, London, Frankfurt, Milan, Paris, Zurich,
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Dubai, Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo and Mumbai. In addition, we maintain backup data center facilities with redundant technologies for each of our three main data center hubs in Jersey City, London and Hong Kong. We lease all of our office space, or contract via service arrangement, which management believes is adequate for our business.
|
| |
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings. |
Many aspects of our business involve substantial risks of legal and regulatory liability. In the normal course of business, we have been named as defendants or co-defendants in lawsuits involving primarily claims for damages. We are also involved in a number of regulatory matters, including exams, investigations and similar reviews, arising out of the conduct of our business. Based on currently available information, we do not believe that any pending matter will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
|
| |
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures. |
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Prior to the Leucadia Transaction, our common stock was traded on the NYSE under the symbol JEF. On March 1, 2013, all of our outstanding common shares were exchanged for shares of Leucadia, our common stock was delisted and there is no longer a public trading market for our common stock. Our ability to pay distributions to Leucadia is subject to the restrictions set forth in the governing provisions of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act. We do not currently anticipate making distributions.
Dividends per Common Share (declared) were as follows:
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | 1st Quarter | | 2nd Quarter | | 3rd Quarter | | 4th Quarter |
2015 | | N/A |
| | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
2014 | | N/A |
| | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
2013 | | $ | 0.075 |
| | N/A | | N/A | | N/A |
|
| |
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data. |
Omitted pursuant to general instruction I(2)(a) to Form 10-K.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
This report contains or incorporates by reference “forward looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward looking statements include statements about our future and statements that are not historical facts. These forward looking statements are usually preceded by the words “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” or similar expressions. Forward looking statements may contain expectations regarding revenues, earnings, operations and other results, and may include statements of future performance, plans and objectives. Forward looking statements also include statements pertaining to our strategies for future development of our business and products. Forward looking statements represent only our belief regarding future events, many of which by their nature are inherently uncertain. It is possible that the actual results may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results indicated in these forward-looking statements. Information regarding important factors that could cause actual results to differ, perhaps materially, from those in our forward looking statements is contained in this report and other documents we file. You should read and interpret any forward looking statement together with these documents, including the following:
| |
• | the description of our business contained in this report under the caption “Business”; |
| |
• | the risk factors contained in this report under the caption “Risk Factors”; |
| |
• | the discussion of our analysis of financial condition and results of operations contained in this report under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” herein; |
| |
• | the discussion of our risk management policies, procedures and methodologies contained in this report under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management” herein; |
| |
• | the notes to the consolidated financial statements contained in this report; and |
| |
• | cautionary statements we make in our public documents, reports and announcements. |
Any forward looking statement speaks only as of the date on which that statement is made. We will not update any forward looking statement to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date on which the statement is made, except as required by applicable law.
Consolidated Results of Operations
On March 1, 2013, Jefferies Group, Inc. converted into a limited liability company (renamed Jefferies Group LLC) and became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Leucadia National Corporation (“Leucadia”) pursuant to an agreement with Leucadia (the “Leucadia Transaction”). Each outstanding share of Jefferies Group LLC was converted into 0.81 of a common share of Leucadia
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
(the “Exchange Ratio”). Jefferies Group LLC operates as a full-service investment banking firm and as the holding company to its various regulated and unregulated operating subsidiaries, retains a credit rating separate from Leucadia and is an SEC reporting company, filing annual, quarterly and periodic financial reports. Richard Handler, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, is the Chief Executive Officer of Leucadia, as well as a Director of Leucadia. Brian P. Friedman, our Chairman of the Executive Committee, is Leucadia’s President and a Director of Leucadia. (See Note 1, Organization and Basis of Presentation in our consolidated financial statements for further information.)
In Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, we have presented the historical financial results in the tables that follow for the periods before and after the Leucadia Transaction. The period prior to March 1, 2013 is referred to as the Predecessor period, while periods after March 1, 2013 are referred to as Successor periods to reflect the fact that under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) Leucadia’s cost of acquiring Jefferies Group LLC has been pushed down to create a new accounting basis for Jefferies Group LLC. The Predecessor and Successor periods have been separated by a vertical line to highlight the fact that the financial information for such periods has been prepared under two different cost bases of accounting. Our financial results of operations are discussed separately for the following periods (i) the year ended November 30, 2015 and the year ended November 30, 2014 and the nine months ended November 30, 2013 (the “Successor periods”) and (ii) the three months ended February 28, 2013 (the “Predecessor period”) The following table provides an overview of our consolidated results of operations (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Successor | | | Predecessor |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 (1) | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 | | Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 | | | Three Months Ended February 28, 2013 |
Net revenues, less interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred interests | $ | 2,475,241 |
| | $ | 2,990,138 |
| | $ | 2,137,313 |
| | | $ | 807,583 |
|
Non-interest expenses | 2,361,014 |
| | 2,687,117 |
| | 1,873,018 |
| | | 668,096 |
|
Earnings before income taxes | 114,227 |
| | 303,021 |
| | 264,295 |
| | | 139,487 |
|
Income tax expense | 18,898 |
| | 142,061 |
| | 94,686 |
| | | 48,645 |
|
Net earnings | 95,329 |
| | 160,960 |
| | 169,609 |
| | | 90,842 |
|
Net earnings to noncontrolling interests | 1,795 |
| | 3,400 |
| | 8,418 |
| | | 10,704 |
|
Net earnings attributable to Jefferies Group LLC / common stockholders | 93,534 |
| | 157,560 |
| | 161,191 |
| | | 80,138 |
|
Effective tax rate | 16.5 | % | | 46.9 | % | | 35.8 | % | | | 34.9 | % |
(1) Our results of operations for the year ended November 30, 2015 as reported in this Annual Report on Form 10-K differ from the results of operations as presented in our Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 15, 2015 to reflect post-closing adjustments for inventory valuations, increases in legal reserves and accruals of certain expenses. The net impact of these adjustments was to decrease Net earnings attributable to Jefferies Group LLC for the reported period from that previously disclosed by $4.5 million. As a result of these adjustments, Total net revenues decreased by $9,000 from $2,475.250 million to $2,475.241 million and Total Non-interest expenses increased by $7.6 million from $2,353.5 million to $2,361.0 million. The tax effect of these adjustments was to decrease income tax expense by $3.0 million from $21.9 million to $18.9 million.
Executive Summary
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Net revenues, less interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred interests for the year ended November 30, 2015 were $2,475.2 million, primarily reflecting challenging market conditions in fixed income throughout the year, partially offset by increased revenues in equities. Almost all our fixed income credit businesses were impacted by lower levels of liquidity due to the expectations of interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve and deterioration in the global energy and distressed markets. There were a number of periods of extreme volatility, which were followed by periods of low trading volume. The results for the year ended November 30, 2015 reflect within Net revenues positive income of $100.2 million from the amortization of premiums arising from recognizing our long-term debt at fair value as part of the pushdown accounting for the Leucadia Transaction. Results in the year ended November 30, 2015 also include a net gain of $49.1 million from our investment in KCG Holdings, Inc. (“KCG”).
Non-interest expenses were $2,361.0 million for the year ended November 30, 2015 and include Compensation and benefits expense of $1,467.1 million recognized commensurate with the level of net revenues for the year. Compensation and benefits expenses as a percentage of Net revenues was 59.3% for the year ended November 30, 2015. Non-interest expenses include $4.1
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
million in additional lease expense related to recognizing existing leases at their current market value, incremental amortization expense of $14.8 million associated with intangible assets and internally developed software recognized at the Leucadia Transaction date, and $13.3 million of additional amortization expense related to the write-up of the cost of outstanding share-based awards which had future service requirements and was recognized in connection with the Leucadia Transaction.
On April 9, 2015, we entered into an agreement to transfer certain of the client activities of our Jefferies Bache (also referred to as Futures) business to Société Générale S.A. At November 30, 2015, we have transferred all of our client accounts to Société Générale S.A. and other brokers. We substantially completed the exit of the Bache business during the third quarter of fiscal 2015. We expect to incur additional restructuring and exit costs in fiscal 2016 in connection with our exit activities.
Total non-interest expenses, since the agreement on April 9, 2015, include costs of $73.1 million, on a pre-tax basis, related to our exit of the Bache business. The after-tax impact of these costs is $52.6 million. These costs consist primarily of severance, retention and benefit payments for employees, incremental amortization of outstanding restricted stock and cash awards, contract termination costs and incremental amortization expense of capitalized software expected to no longer be used subsequent to the wind-down of the business. Net revenues from this business activity for the year ended November 30, 2015, which are included within our fixed income results, were $80.2 million. This is comprised of commissions, principal transaction revenues and net interest revenues. Expenses directly related to the Bache business, which are included within non-interest expenses, for the year ended November 30, 2015 were $214.8 million. For further information, refer to Note 24, Exit Costs in our consolidated financial statements.
At November 30, 2015, we had 3,557 employees globally, a decrease of 358 employees from our headcount at November 30, 2014 of 3,915. Since November 30, 2014, our headcount has decreased due to headcount reductions related to the exiting of the Bache business and corporate services outsourcing, partially offset by increases across our investment banking, equities and asset management businesses.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Net revenues for the year ended November 30, 2014 were $2,990.1 million, reflecting record revenues in investment banking, partially offset by lower revenues in fixed income due to challenging market conditions during portions of the year. The results reflected the continued tapering of the U.S. Federal reserve monetary stimulus and global economic pressures, as well as the challenging credit markets, specifically the high yield bond and distressed markets in the fourth quarter of 2014. In addition, our Jefferies Bache business experienced various challenges with respect to its profitability. The results for the year ended November 30, 2014 reflect within Net revenues positive income of $100.6 million from the amortization of premiums arising from recognizing our long-term debt at fair value as part of the pushdown accounting for the Leucadia Transaction and a loss of $14.7 million from our investment in KCG and a gain of $19.9 from our investment in Harbinger Group Inc. (“HRG”), the latter of which we sold to Leucadia in March 2014.
Non-interest expenses were $2,687.1 million for the year ended November 30, 2014 and include Compensation and benefits expense of $1,698.5 million recognized commensurate with the level of net revenues for the year. Compensation and benefits expenses as a percentage of Net revenues was 56.8% for the year ended November 30, 2014. Non-interest expenses include goodwill impairment losses of $54.0 million and impairment losses of $7.8 million on certain intangible assets related to our Jefferies Bache and International Asset Management businesses. In addition, Non-interest expenses include $7.7 million in additional lease expense related to recognizing existing leases at their current market value, incremental amortization expense of $14.2 million associated with intangible assets and internally developed software recognized at the Leucadia Transaction date, and $14.4 million of additional amortization expense related to the write-up of the cost of outstanding share-based awards which had future service requirements and was recognized in connection with the Leucadia Transaction.
Net revenues from the Bache business activity for the year ended November 30, 2014, which are included within our fixed income results, were $202.8 million. This is comprised of commissions, principal transaction revenues and net interest revenues. Expenses directly related to the Bache business, which are included within non-interest expenses, for the year ended November 30, 2014 were $348.2 million. For further information, refer to Note 24, Exit Costs in our consolidated financial statements.
At November 30, 2014, we had 3,915 employees globally, an increase of 118 employees from our headcount of 3,797 at November 30, 2013.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013
Net revenues, less mandatorily redeemable preferred interests, for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 were $2,137.3 million reflecting a challenging environment for our fixed income businesses during portions of the period, partially offset by strong results in equities and investment banking. The results for the nine month period reflect within Net revenues positive income
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
of $73.8 million, representing the amortization of premiums arising from recognizing our long-term debt at fair value as part of the pushdown accounting for the Leucadia Transaction and gains of $89.3 million in aggregate from our investments in KCG and HRG.
Non-interest expenses were $1,873.0 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and include Compensation and benefits expense of $1,213.9 million recognized commensurate with the level of Net revenues for the nine month period. Compensation and benefits expenses as a percentage of Net revenues was 56.7% for the nine months ended November 30, 2013. Non-interest expense also includes approximately $50.0 million in merger related costs associated with the closing of the Leucadia Transaction. These costs are comprised of $11.6 million in transaction-related investment banking, legal and filing fees, $6.3 million in additional lease expense related to recognizing existing leases at their current market value, incremental amortization expense of $21.1 million associated with intangible assets and internally developed software recognized at the Leucadia Transaction date, and $11.0 million of additional amortization expense related to the write-up of the cost of outstanding share-based awards, which had future service requirements at the transaction date. In addition, occupancy and equipment includes an $8.7 million charge associated with our relocating certain staff and abandoning certain London office space recognized during the nine month period.
Net revenues from the Bache business activity for the nine months ended November 30, 2013, which are included within our fixed income results, were $158.4 million. This is comprised of commissions, principal transaction revenues and net interest revenues. Expenses directly related to the Bache business, which are included within non-interest expenses, for the year ended November 30, 2014 were $193.4 million. For further information, refer to Note 24, Exit Costs in our consolidated financial statements.
At November 30, 2013, we had 3,797 employees globally, slightly below our headcount at November 30, 2012.
Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
Net revenues, less mandatorily redeemable preferred interests, for the three months ended February 28, 2013 were $807.6 million, which include strong investment banking revenues, particularly in debt and equity capital markets, and a gain of $26.5 million on our then share ownership in KCG. Non-interest expenses of $668.1 million for the three months ended February 28, 2013 reflect compensation expense consistent with the level of net revenues and professional service costs associated with the Leucadia Transaction. Compensation costs as a percentage of Net revenues for the three months ended February 28, 2013 were 57.9%.
Net revenues from the Bache business activity for the three months ended February 28, 2013, which are included within our fixed income results, were $56.1 million. This is comprised of commissions, principal transaction revenues and net interest revenues. Expenses directly related to the Bache business, which are included within non-interest expenses, for the year ended November 30, 2014 were $65.8 million. For further information, refer to Note 24, Exit Costs in our consolidated financial statements.
Revenues by Source
The Capital Markets reportable segment includes our securities and commodities trading activities, and our investment banking activities. The Capital Markets reportable segment provides the sales, trading and origination and advisory effort for various equity, fixed income, commodities, futures, foreign exchange and advisory products and services. The Capital Markets segment comprises many business units, with many interactions and much integration among them. In addition, we separately discuss our Asset Management business.
For presentation purposes, the remainder of “Results of Operations” is presented on a detailed product and expense basis, rather than on a business segment basis. Net revenues presented for our equity and fixed income businesses include allocations of interest income and interest expense as we assess the profitability of these businesses inclusive of the net interest revenue or expense associated with the respective activities, which is a function of the mix of each business’s associated assets and liabilities and the related funding costs.
The composition of our net revenues has varied over time as financial markets and the scope of our operations have changed. The composition of net revenues can also vary from period to period due to fluctuations in economic and market conditions, and our own performance. The following provides a summary of “Revenues by Source” (amounts in thousands):
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Successor | | | Predecessor |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 (1) | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 | | Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 | | | Three Months Ended February 28, 2013 |
| Amount | | % of Net Revenues | | Amount | | % of Net Revenues | | Amount | | % of Net Revenues | | | Amount | | % of Net Revenues |
Equities | $ | 757,447 |
| | 30.7 | % | | $ | 696,221 |
| | 23.3 | % | | $ | 582,355 |
| | 27.4 | % | | | $ | 167,354 |
| | 20.4 | % |
Fixed income | 270,772 |
| | 10.9 |
| | 747,596 |
| | 25.0 |
| | 504,092 |
| | 23.5 |
| | | 352,029 |
| | 43.0 |
|
Total sales and trading | 1,028,219 |
| | 41.6 |
| | 1,443,817 |
| | 48.3 |
| | 1,086,447 |
| | 50.9 |
| | | 519,383 |
| | 63.4 |
|
Other | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 4,624 |
| | 0.2 |
| | | — |
| | — |
|
Equity | 408,474 |
| | 16.5 |
| | 339,683 |
| | 11.4 |
| | 228,394 |
| | 10.7 |
| | | 61,380 |
| | 7.5 |
|
Debt | 398,179 |
| | 16.1 |
| | 627,536 |
| | 21.0 |
| | 415,932 |
| | 19.4 |
| | | 140,672 |
| | 17.2 |
|
Capital markets | 806,653 |
| | 32.6 |
| | 967,219 |
| | 32.4 |
| | 644,326 |
| | 30.1 |
| | | 202,052 |
| | 24.7 |
|
Advisory | 632,354 |
| | 25.5 |
| | 562,055 |
| | 18.8 |
| | 369,191 |
| | 17.2 |
| | | 86,226 |
| | 10.5 |
|
Total investment banking | 1,439,007 |
| | 58.1 |
| | 1,529,274 |
| | 51.2 |
| | 1,013,517 |
| | 47.3 |
| | | 288,278 |
| | 35.2 |
|
Asset management fees and investment income (loss) from managed funds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset management fees | 31,819 |
| | 1.3 |
| | 26,682 |
| | 0.9 |
| | 26,473 |
| | 1.2 |
| | | 11,083 |
| | 1.4 |
|
Investment income (loss) from managed funds | (23,804 | ) | | (1.0 | ) | | (9,635 | ) | | (0.4 | ) | | 9,620 |
| | 0.4 |
| | | (200 | ) | | — |
|
Total | 8,015 |
| | 0.3 |
| | 17,047 |
| | 0.5 |
| | 36,093 |
| | 1.6 |
| | | 10,883 |
| | 1.4 |
|
Net revenues | 2,475,241 |
| | 100.0 | % | | 2,990,138 |
| | 100.0 | % | | 2,140,681 |
| | 100.0 | % | | | 818,544 |
| | 100.0 | % |
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred interests of consolidated subsidiaries | — |
| | | | — |
| | | | 3,368 |
| | | | | 10,961 |
| | |
Net revenues, less interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred interests | $ | 2,475,241 |
| | | | $ | 2,990,138 |
| | | | $ | 2,137,313 |
| | | | | $ | 807,583 |
| | |
(1) Equities revenues and Fixed income revenues for the year ended November 30, 2015 as reported in this Annual Report on Form 10-K differ from the results of operations as presented in our Current Report on Form 10-K, dated December 15, 2015 to reflect post-closing adjustments for inventory valuations. The net impact of the adjustments was to reduce Equities revenues by $1.0 million and increase Fixed income revenues by $1.0 million.
Net Revenues
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Net revenues for the year ended November 30, 2015 were $2,475.2 million, primarily reflecting lower fixed income revenues due to challenging market conditions and global economic pressures, partially offset by higher revenues in equities. Investment banking revenues for the year ended November 30, 2015 were $1,439.0 million, reflecting record equity capital markets and advisory revenues, partially offset by lower debt capital markets revenue. Overall, capital markets revenues were $806.7 million, primarily due to lower transaction volume in the leveraged finance and energy debt capital markets. Fixed income revenues for the year ended November 30, 2015 were $270.8 million primarily driven by lower trading volumes and mark to market losses in distressed trading, as a result of lower levels of liquidity due to the future expectations of Federal Reserve rate increases and the deterioration of the global energy markets. The wind-down of our Bache business also contributed to the lower fixed income revenues. Results in the year ended November 30, 2015 reflect revenues in our equities business of $757.4 million. Results in the year ended November 30, 2015 also include a net gain of $49.1 million from our investment in KCG. Net revenues from our asset management business were $8.0 million for the year ended November 30, 2015, as a result of asset management fees of $31.8 million, partially offset by investment losses from managed funds of $23.8 million.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Net revenues for the year ended November 30, 2014 were $2,990.1 million, reflecting record investment banking revenues, partially offset by lower revenues due to challenging trading environments in our fixed income business, particularly in the fourth quarter of 2014. Our core equities business performed relatively well during the year ended November 30, 2014. The 2014 results include a loss of $14.7 million from our investment in KCG and a gain of $19.9 from our investment in HRG, the latter of which we sold
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
to Leucadia in March 2014. Asset management fee results were offset by write-downs on certain of our investments in unconsolidated funds and the exclusion of fees from our ownership interest in CoreCommodity Management, LLC (“CoreCommodity”), which we restructured on September 11, 2013.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013
Net revenues for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 of $2,140.7 million reflect a solid performance in our equity sales and trading business and continued strength in our investment banking platform. Our fixed income businesses experienced difficult trading conditions for a portion of the period as a result of a change in expectations for interest rates surrounding the Federal Reserve’s plans for tapering its asset purchase program. The nine months results include gains of $89.3 million in aggregate within Equities Principal transaction revenues from our investments in KCG and HRG.
Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
Net revenues for the three months ended February 28, 2013 were $818.5 million as a result of improved overall market activity, with all of our business lines demonstrating strong results. Within Equities revenues, Net revenues include Principal transaction revenues of $26.5 million from unrealized gains related to our investment in KCG during the quarter.
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred interests of consolidated subsidiaries represents primarily the allocation of earnings and losses from our high yield business to third party noncontrolling interest holders that were invested in that business through mandatorily redeemable preferred securities. These interests were redeemed in April 2013 and all of the results in our high yield business are now wholly allocated to us.
Equities Revenue
Equities revenue is comprised of equity commissions, principal transactions and net interest revenue relating to cash equities, electronic trading, equity derivatives, convertible securities, prime brokerage, securities finance and alternative investment strategies. Equities revenue is heavily dependent on the overall level of trading activity of our clients. Equities revenue also includes our share of the net earnings from our joint venture investments in Jefferies Finance, LLC ("Jefferies Finance") and Jefferies LoanCore, LLC ("Jefferies LoanCore"), which are accounted for under the equity method, as well as changes in the value of our investments in KCG and HRG. In March 2014, we sold our investment in HRG to Leucadia at fair market value.
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Total equities revenue was $757.4 million for the year ended November 30, 2015. Results in the year ended November 30, 2015 include a net gain of $49.1 million from our investment in KCG. Also included within interest expense allocated to our equities business is positive income of $48.9 million related to the amortization of premiums arising from the adjustment of our long-term debt to fair value as part of accounting for the Leucadia Transaction
U.S. equity market conditions were characterized by instability in stock prices and moderate economic growth. In the equity markets, the NASDAQ Composite Index increased 6.6% and the S&P 500 Index increased 0.6%, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average decreased by 0.6% during the fiscal year. In Europe and Asia, the recovery remains gradual and economic developments vary across regions. Strong revenues, as a result of increased trading volumes, from our electronic trading platform contributed to higher commissions revenues. Total equities revenue also includes higher revenues from the Asia equity cash desk and net mark-to-market gains from equity investments, as well as growth from our wealth management platform. This was partially offset by lower revenues from equity block trading results from our U.S. equity cash desk and lower commissions in our Europe equity cash desk.
Equities revenue from our Jefferies LoanCore joint venture during the year ended November 30, 2015 includes higher revenues from an increase in loan closings and securitizations by the venture over the comparable prior year period. Equities revenue from our Jefferies Finance joint venture during the year ended November 30, 2015 includes lower revenues as a result of syndicate costs associated with the sell down of commitments, as well as reserves taken on certain loans held for investment as compared with the prior year period.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Total equities revenue was $696.2 million for the year ended November 30, 2014. Equities revenue includes losses of $14.7 million from our investment in KCG and a gain of $19.9 from our investment in HRG, as compared to gains of $116.8 million recognized
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
primarily in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013. Revenues also include an unrealized gain of $8.9 million from marking to market the option on Leucadia shares embedded in our 3.875% Senior Convertible Debentures. Additionally, during the first quarter of 2014, we recognized a gain of $12.2 million in connection with our investment in CoreCommodity, which was transferred to Leucadia on February 28, 2014. Also included within interest expense allocated to our equities business is positive income of $45.1 million related to the amortization of premiums arising from the adjustment of our long-term debt to fair value as part of accounting for the Leucadia Transaction.
For the year ended November 30, 2014, U.S. stock prices continued an overall upward trend with company earnings and economic data largely meeting expectations and the outlook for monetary policy remaining favorable. While the markets in the fourth quarter were relatively unsettled, the S&P 500 Index was up 14.5% for the fiscal year and exchange trading volumes increased generally, which contributed to increased commission revenue. Similarly, European exchange volumes grew significantly throughout the 2014 year. Additionally, the performance from our electronic trading platform and our prime brokerage business continued to increase.
Equities revenue from our Jefferies Finance joint venture decreased during the year ended November 30, 2014 as compared to the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and the three months ended February 28, 2013, due to a reduction in loan closings and syndications by the venture, particularly in the fourth quarter of 2014. Equities revenue from our LoanCore joint venture decreased during the year ended November 30, 2014 as compared to the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and the three months ended February 28, 2013, due to fewer securitizations by the venture over the period. These declines were offset by results from certain block trading opportunities and the benefits of the general stock market rise and other positioning on certain security positions. In addition, during the first quarter of 2014, we deconsolidated certain of our strategic investment entities as additional third party investments were received during the period. Accordingly, the results from this business reflected in equities revenues for the year ended November 30, 2014 represent trading revenues solely from managed accounts that are solely owned by us. Results from our strategic investments business in prior periods represented 100% of strategic investment trading revenues, a portion of which was attributed to noncontrolling interests.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013
Total equities revenue was $582.4 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013. Equities revenue includes within Principal transaction revenues a gain of $19.5 million on our investment in KCG, a gain of $69.8 million from our investment in HRG and an unrealized gain of $6.9 million from marking to market the option on Leucadia shares embedded in our 3.875% Senior Convertible Debentures. In addition, included within Interest expense is positive income of $33.7 million from the allocation to our equities business of a portion of the amortization of premiums arising from the adjustment of our long-term debt to fair value as part of accounting for the Leucadia Transaction.
U.S. equity market conditions during the period were characterized by continually increasing stock prices as the U.S. government maintained its monetary stimulus program. In the equity markets, the NASDAQ Composite Index, the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average increased by 28%, 19% and 14%, respectively, over the nine month period ended November 30, 2013, with the S&P Index registering a series of record closing highs. However, during the nine months ended November 30, 2013, economic data in the U.S. continued to indicate a slow recovery and geopolitical concerns regarding the Middle East and a U.S. federal government shutdown added volatility in the U.S. and international markets. Despite the rally in the equity markets in 2013, overall market volumes were subdued moderating customer flow in our U.S. cash equity business, although we benefited from certain block trading opportunities during the period.
In Europe, liquidity returned to the market as the European Central Bank convinced investors that it would not allow the Eurozone to break up aiding results to both our cash and option desks, although the results are still impacted by relatively low trading volumes given the region’s fragile economy. Additionally, Asian equity commissions are stronger, particularly in Japan with new monetary policies increasing trading volumes on the Nikkei Exchange.
Our Securities Finance desk also contributed solidly to Equities revenue for the period and the performance of certain strategic investment strategies were strong. Revenue from our sales and trading of convertible securities for the nine months are reflective of increased market share as we have expanded our team in this business. Net earnings from our Jefferies Finance and Jefferies LoanCore joint ventures reflect a solid level of securitization deals and loan closings during the 2013 nine month period.
Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
Total equities revenue was $167.4 million for the three months ended February 28, 2013 and includes within Principal transaction revenues an unrealized gain of $26.5 million recognized on our investment in KCG. While U.S. equity markets posted gains during our first quarter, with the S&P index up 7%, investors remained cautious as evidenced by declining volumes. Although market
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
volumes declined, our equity trading desks experienced ample client trading volumes. For the three months ended February 28, 2013, performance from certain strategic investments benefited from the increase in the overall stock markets and other positioning.
Fixed Income Revenue
Fixed income revenue includes commissions, principal transactions and net interest revenue from investment grade corporate bonds, mortgage- and asset-backed securities, government and agency securities, municipal bonds, emerging markets debt, high yield and distressed securities, bank loans, foreign exchange and commodities trading activities.
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Total fixed income revenue was $270.8 million for the year ended November 30, 2015. The lower revenues were primarily due to tighter trading conditions across most core businesses and losses in our high yield distressed sales and trading business and international mortgages business, partially offset by higher revenues in our U.S. and International rates businesses, as well as our U.S. investment grade corporate credit business. Included within Interest expense for the year is positive income of $51.3 million from the allocation to our fixed income business of a portion of the amortization of premiums arising from adjusting our long-term debt to fair value as part of accounting for the Leucadia Transaction.
During the year ended November 30, 2015, the fixed income markets were impacted at various points by the expectations of and uncertainty related to interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve, deterioration in the global energy markets, the slowdown of China's economic growth, geopolitical concerns in the Middle East, the potential of a Greece default, and economic uncertainty, which led to volatility in currency markets. The uncertainty as to the timing of the interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve and extremely low rates globally drove investors to seek spread and yield primarily in more liquid investments. The higher revenues in our U.S. and International rates businesses, as well as our U.S. investment grade corporate credit business, resulted from higher transaction volumes as volatility caused attractive yields and interest in new issuances. However, that same volatility negatively impacted the municipal securities business as prices declined and the sector experienced overall net cash outflows. Most of our credit fixed income businesses were negatively impacted during the year ended November 30, 2015 by periods of extreme volatility and market conditions, as investors focused on liquidity, resulting in periods of low trading volume during the year. In addition, results in our distressed trading businesses were negatively impacted by our position in the energy sector and led to mark-to-market write-downs in our inventory and results in our emerging markets business were lower due to slower growth in the emerging markets during the year. Revenues from futures sales and trading were also lower for the year ended November 30, 2015 as we exited this business activity. Our mortgages business was also negatively impacted by market volatility as credit spreads tightened for these asset classes and expectations of future rate increases resulted in lower trading volumes and revenues.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Fixed income revenue was $747.6 million for the year ended November 30, 2014. Included within Interest expense for the period is positive income of $55.5 million from the allocation to our fixed income business of a portion of the amortization of premiums arising from adjusting our long-term debt to fair value as part of accounting for the Leucadia Transaction.
The fixed income markets during the year ended November 30, 2014 were impacted at various points by uncertainty with respect to U.S. economic data and concerns about the global economy, as well as reactions to legal matters regarding Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and anticipated monetary policy, which created market uncertainty. Client trading demand was lower across most of the fixed income platform with the exception of increased customer flow in our international rates business, which benefited from tightening yields in Europe. Credit spreads continued to tighten as the U.S. Federal Reserve continued to taper its bond buyback program at a measured pace. In the fourth quarter of 2014, the volatility in the equity markets and the lowering of oil prices, put downward pressure on high yield bonds, especially those in the energy and transport sectors, as well as on the distressed trading markets. We experienced a decline in the results of our efforts in distressed trading for the year, which was primarily due to mark to market inventory losses as a result of the broad sell-off in distressed and post-reorganization securities, although investor interest in high yield asset classes was strong during the year as investors continued to migrate to certain asset classes in search of higher yields. Futures sales and trading revenues for the year ended November 30, 2014 were negatively impacted by challenging market conditions for foreign currency trading and U.S. futures trading given political and economic instability in various global environments.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013
Fixed income revenue was $504.1 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013. Included within Interest expense for the period is positive income of $40.1 million from the allocation to our fixed income business of a portion of the amortization of premiums arising from adjusting our long-term debt to fair value as part of acquisition accounting.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
The second quarter of fiscal 2013 was characterized by improving U.S. macroeconomic conditions, and, through the first half of May 2013, the U.S. Federal Reserve’s policies resulted in historically low yields for fixed income securities motivating investors to take on more risk in search for yield. In May 2013, however, the Treasury market experienced a steep sell-off and credit spreads widened across the U.S. fixed income markets in reaction to an anticipated decrease in Federal Reserve treasury issuances and mortgage debt security purchases in future periods. These market conditions negatively impacted our U.S. rates, corporates and U.S. mortgages revenues through August as the volatility made it difficult to realize net revenue from our customer flow. In the latter part of the 2013 year, the fixed income markets stabilized with lower volatility and tightening spreads increasing overall customer flows across the various fixed income product classes.
While revenues rebounded towards the end of the fiscal year for our mortgage-backed securities business, the mid-year sell-off in U.S. Treasuries and the widening of credit spreads for mortgage products negatively impacted the overall results for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 by reducing trading volumes and increasing market volatility. Corporate bond revenues were also negatively impacted by the widening of credit spreads in the third quarter though there was significant improvement during the fourth quarter of 2013 with more robust trading volumes and narrowing credit spreads. Municipal securities underperformed as an asset class for a large part of the period as investors discounted greater risk than they had previously although investors began to return to the municipal market at the end of the period increasing our trading volumes. Components of our futures business experienced varying degrees of fluctuations in customer trading volume, but trading volume was relatively constant when considered overall and across the full nine month period ended November 30, 2013.
While our U.S. rates, corporates and U.S. mortgages desks underpeformed, our leveraged credit business produced solid results as investors sought investment yields in this fixed income class and issuers of bank debt were active with the supply level creating a positive effect on liquidity in the secondary market. Further, the low interest rate environment in the U.S. caused investors to seek higher yields in emerging market debt. In addition, suppressed long-term interest rates in the U.S. encouraged investment in international mortgage-backed securities resulting in increased trading volumes, improved market liquidity and ultimately increased revenues on our international mortgage desk, despite experiencing reduced market liquidity and consequently lower levels of secondary market activity during the summer months of 2013.
During the second quarter of 2013, we redeemed the third party interests in our high yield joint venture, Jefferies High Yield Holdings, LLC. As a result of this redemption, effective April 1, 2013, results of this business are allocated to us in full.
Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
For the three months ended February 28, 2013, fixed income revenue was $352.0 million. Credit spreads narrowed through the first quarter of 2013. In January 2013, global macroeconomic conditions appeared to be improving, with the U.S. economy expanding and the U.S. Federal reserve continuing quantitative easing. U.S. rates revenues were robust, with strong treasury issuance and strong demand and yields at historic lows. Revenues from our leveraged finance and emerging markets sales and trading businesses were sound as investor confidence returned in 2013 and investors were attracted to the relatively higher yield on these products. Revenue in our emerging markets business is reflective of our efforts to strengthen our position in this business and revenues for the period include significant gains generated by certain high yield positions. Revenues from our international mortgage desk were positively impacted by the demand for European mortgage bonds and foreign exchange revenues demonstrated a successful navigation of volatile currency markets. Revenues also benefited from new client activity associated with our expansion of our global metals desk in the latter part of 2012. However, international rates sales and trading revenues were negatively impacted by investor concerns over the European markets resulting in restrained trading volumes and a high level of market volatility.
Of the net earnings recognized in Jefferies High Yield Holdings, LLC (our high yield and distressed securities and bank loan trading and investment business) for the three months ended February 28, 2013, approximately 65% is allocated to minority investors and are presented within interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred interests and net earnings to noncontrolling interests in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
Other Revenue
Other revenue for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 includes a gain of $4.6 million related to the restructuring of our ownership interest in our commodity asset management business.
Investment Banking Revenue
We provide capital markets and financial advisory services to our clients across most industry sectors in the Americas, Europe and Asia. Capital markets revenue includes underwriting and placement revenue related to corporate debt, municipal bonds, mortgage- and asset-backed securities and equity and equity-linked securities. Advisory revenue consists primarily of advisory
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
and transaction fees generated in connection with merger, acquisition and restructuring transactions. The following table sets forth our investment banking revenue (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Successor | | | Predecessor |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 | | Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 | | | Three Months Ended February 28, 2013 |
Equity | $ | 408,474 |
| | $ | 339,683 |
| | $ | 228,394 |
| | | $ | 61,380 |
|
Debt | 398,179 |
| | 627,536 |
| | 415,932 |
| | | 140,672 |
|
Capital markets | 806,653 |
| | 967,219 |
| | 644,326 |
| | | 202,052 |
|
Advisory | 632,354 |
| | 562,055 |
| | 369,191 |
| | | 86,226 |
|
Total | $ | 1,439,007 |
| | $ | 1,529,274 |
| | $ | 1,013,517 |
| | | $ | 288,278 |
|
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Total investment banking revenue was $1,439.0 million for the year ended November 30, 2015, reflecting lower debt capital market revenues, partially offset by record equity capital markets and advisory revenues. Overall, capital markets revenues of $806.7 million in the year ended November 30, 2015 were lower primarily due to significantly lower transaction volume in the leveraged finance market. Record advisory revenues of $632.4 million for the year ended November 30, 2015 were primarily due to higher transaction volume.
From equity and debt capital raising activities, we generated $408.5 million and $398.2 million in revenues, respectively. During the year ended November 30, 2015, we completed 1,003 public and private debt financings that raised $199.8 billion in aggregate and we completed 191 public equity and convertible offerings that raised $53.9 billion (176 of which we acted as sole or joint bookrunner). Financial advisory revenues totaled $632.4 million, including revenues from 158 merger and acquisition transactions and 13 restructuring and recapitalization transactions with an aggregate transaction value of $141.0 billion.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Low borrowing costs and generally strong capital market conditions throughout most of our fiscal year were important factors in driving the growth in our debt and equity capital markets businesses. These factors, together with generally strong corporate balance sheets and record equity valuations, were important in driving the growth in our merger and acquisition advisory business.
Investment banking revenues were a record $1,529.3 million for the year ended November 30, 2014. From equity and debt capital raising activities, we generated $339.7 million and $627.5 million in revenues, respectively. During the year ended November 30, 2014, we completed 1,109 public and private debt financings that raised $250.0 billion and we completed 193 public equity and convertible offerings that raised $66.0 billion (159 of which we acted as sole or joint bookrunner). Financial advisory revenues totaled $562.1 million, including revenues from 132 merger and acquisition transactions and 12 restructuring and recapitalization transactions with an aggregate transaction value of $176.0 billion.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013
During the nine month period, despite uneven U.S. economic growth and uncertainty surrounding the U.S. Federal Reserve’s decision on quantitative easing, capital market conditions continued to improve due to the availability of low-priced credit and a general rise in the stock market. Mergers and acquisition activity gained momentum through the later part of the 2013 nine month period.
Investment banking revenue was $1,013.5 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013. From equity and debt capital raising activities, we generated $228.4 million and $415.9 million in revenues, respectively. During the nine months ended November 30, 2013, we completed 412 public and private debt financings that raised $162.3 billion in aggregate, as companies took advantage of low borrowing costs and we completed 130 public equity financings that raised $32.9 billion (111 of which we acted as sole or joint bookrunner). During the nine month period, our financial advisory revenues totaled $369.2 million, including revenues from 108 merger and acquisition transactions where we served as financial advisor.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
For the three months ended February 28, 2013, investment banking revenue was $288.3 million, including advisory revenues of $86.2 million and $202.1 million in revenues from capital market activities. Debt capital markets revenue were $140.7 million, driven by a high number of debt capital market transactions as companies took advantage of lower borrowing costs and more favorable economic and market conditions. During the three months ended February 28, 2013, we completed 121 public and private debt financings that raised a total of $42.0 billion. Equity capital markets revenue totaled $61.4 million, completing 30 public equity financings that raised $10.0 billion (25 of which we acted as sole or joint bookrunner). Reflective of a subdued mergers and acquisition deal environment, despite improving fundamentals, for the three months ended February 28, 2013, advisory revenue totaled $86.2 million. During the three months ended February 28, 2013, we served as financial advisor on 31 merger and acquisition transactions and two restructuring transactions with an aggregate transaction value of approximately $21.0 billion.
Asset Management Fees and Investment Income (Loss) from Managed Funds
Asset management revenue includes management and performance fees from funds and accounts managed by us, management and performance fees from related party managed funds and accounts and investment income (loss) from our investments in these funds, accounts and related party managed funds. The key components of asset management revenue are the level of assets under management and the performance return, whether on an absolute basis or relative to a benchmark or hurdle. These components can be affected by financial markets, profits and losses in the applicable investment portfolios and client capital activity. Further, asset management fees vary with the nature of investment management services. The terms under which clients may terminate our investment management authority, and the requisite notice period for such termination, varies depending on the nature of the investment vehicle and the liquidity of the portfolio assets.
On September 11, 2013, we restructured our ownership interest in CoreCommodity, our commodity asset management business. Pursuant to the terms of that restructuring, we acquired Class B Units in what is now called CoreCommodity Capital, LLC. As a consequence, subsequent to September 11, 2013, we no longer report asset management revenues, assets under management and managed accounts attributed to the commodities asset class. On February 28, 2014, we sold our Class B Units to Leucadia at fair market value.
During the fourth quarter of 2014, as part of a strategic review of our business, we decided to liquidate our International Asset Management business, which provides long only investment solutions in global convertible bonds to institutional investors. Asset management fees and assets under management from this business comprise our convertibles asset strategy in the tables below.
The following summarizes the results of our Asset Management businesses by asset class (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Successor | | | Predecessor |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 (1) | | Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 (1) | | | Three Months Ended February 28, 2013 (1) |
Asset management fees: | | | | | | | | |
Fixed income | $ | 4,090 |
| | $ | 6,087 |
| | $ | 3,932 |
| | | $ | 1,154 |
|
Equities | 4,875 |
| | 9,212 |
| | 4,262 |
| | | 1,510 |
|
Multi-asset | 20,173 |
| | 8,863 |
| | 2,652 |
| | | 1,496 |
|
Convertibles | 2,681 |
| | 2,520 |
| | 3,602 |
| | | 665 |
|
Commodities | — |
| | — |
| | 12,025 |
| | | 6,258 |
|
Total asset management fees | 31,819 |
| | 26,682 |
| | 26,473 |
| | | 11,083 |
|
Investment income (loss) from managed funds | (23,804 | ) | | (9,635 | ) | | 9,620 |
| | | (200 | ) |
Total | $ | 8,015 |
| | $ | 17,047 |
| | $ | 36,093 |
| | | $ | 10,883 |
|
| |
(1) | Prior period amounts have been recast to conform to the current year’s presentation due to the presentation of the multi-asset asset class. Previously, these fees have been classified within the equities asset class. We have also concluded that certain fees previously reported within the convertibles asset class are better aligned within the equities asset class. The total amount of asset management fees remains unchanged in the prior periods. |
As a result of deconsolidation of certain strategic investment entities during the first quarter of 2014, results above attributed to Multi-asset include asset management fees from these entities. Fixed income asset management fees represent ongoing
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
consideration we receive from the sale of contracts to manage certain collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) to Babson Capital Management, LLC in January 2010. As sale consideration, we are entitled to a portion of the asset management fees earned under the contracts for their remaining lives. Investment income (loss) from managed funds primarily comprise net unrealized markups (markdowns) in private equity funds managed by related parties.
Assets under Management
Period end assets under management by predominant asset class were as follows (in millions):
|
| | | | | | | |
| November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 (1) |
Assets under management (2): | | | |
Equities | $ | 18 |
| | $ | — |
|
Multi-asset | 688 |
| | 483 |
|
Convertibles (3) | — |
| | 225 |
|
Total | $ | 706 |
| | $ | 708 |
|
| |
(1) | Prior period amounts have been recast to conform to the current year’s presentation due to the inclusion of the multi-asset asset class. Previously, these assets under management have been classified within the equities asset class. The total amount of assets under management remains unchanged in the prior periods. |
| |
(2) | Assets under management include assets actively managed by us, including hedge funds and certain managed accounts. Assets under management do not include the assets of funds that are consolidated due to the level or nature of our investment in such funds. |
| |
(3) | Our investment in the Jefferies Umbrella Fund, an open-ended investment company managed by us that invests primarily in convertible bonds, is in liquidation at November 30, 2015. |
Non-interest Expenses
Non-interest expenses were as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Successor | | | Predecessor |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 | | Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 | | | Three Months Ended February 28, 2013 |
Compensation and benefits | $ | 1,467,131 |
| | $ | 1,698,530 |
| | $ | 1,213,908 |
| | | $ | 474,217 |
|
Non-compensation expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Floor brokerage and clearing fees | 199,780 |
| | 215,329 |
| | 150,774 |
| | | 46,155 |
|
Technology and communications | 313,044 |
| | 268,212 |
| | 193,683 |
| | | 59,878 |
|
Occupancy and equipment rental | 101,138 |
| | 107,767 |
| | 86,701 |
| | | 24,309 |
|
Business development | 105,963 |
| | 106,984 |
| | 63,115 |
| | | 24,927 |
|
Professional services | 103,972 |
| | 109,601 |
| | 72,802 |
| | | 24,135 |
|
Bad debt provision | (396 | ) | | 55,355 |
| | 179 |
| | | 1,945 |
|
Goodwill impairment | — |
| | 54,000 |
| | — |
| | | — |
|
Other | 70,382 |
| | 71,339 |
| | 91,856 |
| | | 12,530 |
|
Total non-compensation expenses | 893,883 |
| | 988,587 |
| | 659,110 |
| | | 193,879 |
|
Total non-interest expenses | $ | 2,361,014 |
| | $ | 2,687,117 |
| | $ | 1,873,018 |
| | | $ | 668,096 |
|
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits expense consists of salaries, benefits, cash bonuses, commissions, annual cash compensation awards, historical annual share-based compensation awards and the amortization of certain annual and non-annual share-based and cash compensation awards to employees. Historical share-based awards and a portion of cash awards granted to employees as part of year end compensation contain provisions such that employees who terminate their employment or are terminated without cause may continue to vest in their awards, so long as those awards are not forfeited as a result of other forfeiture provisions (primarily non-compete clauses) of those awards. Accordingly, the compensation expense for such awards granted at year end as part of annual compensation is fully recorded in the year of the award. Separately, a portion of cash awards granted to employees as part
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
of year end compensation which are subject to ratable vesting terms with service requirements. Accordingly, the compensation expense for this portion of awards granted at year end as part of annual compensation is recognized in each period over the relevant service period, which is generally considered to start at the beginning of the annual compensation year.
Included within Compensation and benefits expense are share-based amortization expense for senior executive awards granted in September 2012, non-annual share-based and cash-based awards to other employees and certain year end awards that contain future service requirements for vesting. Such awards are being amortized over their respective future service periods.
Refer to Note 16, Compensation Plans, for further details on compensation and benefits.
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Compensation and benefits expense for the year ended November 30, 2015 was $1,467.1 million, which is 59.3% as a percentage of Net revenues. Amortization expense of $307.1 million related to share- and cash-based awards is included within 2015 compensation cost, as well as additional amortization expense of $13.3 million related to the write-up of the cost of outstanding share-based awards, which had remaining future service requirements at the date of the Leucadia Transaction. Employee headcount was 3,557 at November 30, 2015. Since November 30, 2014, our headcount has decreased due to headcount reductions related to the exiting of the Bache business and corporate services outsourcing, partially offset by increases across our investment banking, equities and asset management businesses.
Compensation and benefits expense directly related to our Bache business was $87.7 million for the year ended November 30, 2015. Included within compensation and benefits expense for the Bache business for the year ended November 30, 2015 are severance, retention and related benefits costs of $38.2 million incurred as part of decisions surrounding the exit of this business.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Compensation and benefits expense for the year ended November 30, 2014 was $1,698.5 million, which is 56.8% as a percentage of Net revenues. Amortization expense of $284.3 million related to share- and cash-based awards is included within 2014 compensation cost, as well as additional amortization expense of $14.4 million related to the write-up of the cost of outstanding share-based awards, which had remaining future service requirements at the date of the Leucadia Transaction. Employee headcount was 3,915 at November 30, 2014. We expanded our headcount modestly during 2014, primarily in our investment banking and equities businesses. These increases were partially offset by headcount reductions due to corporate services outsourcing.
Compensation and benefits expense directly related to our Bache business was $98.6 million for the year ended November 30, 2014.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 and Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
Compensation and benefits expense was $1,213.9 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and was $474.2 million for the three months ended February 28, 2013, which is 56.7% and 57.9% as a percentage of Net revenues for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and the three months ended February 28, 2013, respectively. Amortization expense of $232.0 million and $73.1 million related to share- and cash-based awards is included within compensation cost for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and the three months ended February 28, 2013, respectively. Compensation cost in the nine months ended November 30, 2013 also included additional amortization expense of $11.0 million related to the write-up of the cost of outstanding share-based awards, which had remaining future service requirements at the date of the Leucadia Transaction. Employee headcount was 3,797 at November 30, 2013.
Compensation and benefits expense directly related to our Bache business was $87.1 million and $30.3 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and the three months ended February 28, 2013, respectively.
Non-Compensation Expenses
Year Ended November 30, 2015
Non-compensation expenses were $893.9 million for the year ended November 30, 2015, equating to 36.1% of Net revenues. Technology and communications expenses includes costs associated with the development of the various trading systems and projects associated with corporate support infrastructure, as well as accelerated amortization expense of $19.7 million related to capitalized software and $11.2 million in contract termination costs related to our Jefferies Bache business. Floor brokerage and clearing expenses for the year are reflective of the exit of the Bache business, partially offset by higher trading volumes in our equities trading businesses. Business development costs reflect our continued efforts to continue to build market share. We continue
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
to incur legal and consulting fees as part of implementing various regulatory requirements, which is recognized in Professional services expense. Non-compensation expenses associated directly with the activities of the Bache business were $127.2 million for the year ended November 30, 2015. During the year ended November 30, 2015, we incurred professional services costs of approximately $2.5 million in connection with our actions related to exiting the Bache business. During the year ended November 30, 2015, we also released $4.4 million in reserves related to the resolution of bankruptcy claims against Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., which is presented within Bad debt expenses.
Year Ended November 30, 2014
Non-compensation expenses were $988.6 million for the year ended November 30, 2014, equating to 33.1% of Net revenues. Non-compensation expenses include a goodwill impairment loss of $51.9 million related to our Jefferies Bache business, which constitutes our global futures sales and trading operations. In addition, a goodwill impairment loss of $2.1 million was recognized for the period related to our International Asset Management business. Additionally, approximately $7.6 million in impairment losses were recognized related to customer relationship intangible assets within our Jefferies Bache and International Asset Management businesses, which is presented within Other expenses. Non-compensation expenses associated directly with the activities of the Bache business were $249.6 million for the year ended November 30, 2014.
Floor brokerage and clearing expenses for the period are reflective of the trading volumes in our equities trading businesses. Technology and communications expense includes costs associated with development of the various trading systems and projects associated with corporate support infrastructure, including communication enhancements to our global headquarters at 520 Madison Avenue and incremental amortization expense associated with fair value adjustments to capitalized software recognized as part of accounting for the Leucadia Transaction. Occupancy and equipment rental expense reflects incremental office re-configuration expenditures at 520 Madison Avenue. Business development costs reflect our continued efforts to continue to build market share, including our loan origination business conducted through our Jefferies Finance joint venture. We continued to incur legal and consulting fees as part of implementing various regulatory requirements, which is recognized in Professional services expense. During the fourth quarter of 2014, we recognized a bad debt provision, which primarily relates to a receivable of $52.3 million from a client to which we provided futures clearing and execution services, which declared bankruptcy.
Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013
Non-compensation expenses were $659.1 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013, equating to 30.8% of Net revenues. Non-compensation expenses include approximately $21.1 million in incremental amortization expense associated with fair value adjustments to identifiable tangible and intangible assets recognized as part of acquisition accounting reported within Technology and communications expense and Other expense, $6.3 million in additional lease expense related to recognizing existing leases at their current market value in Occupancy and equipment rental expense and $11.6 million in Leucadia Transaction-related investment banking filing fees recognized in Professional services expense. Additionally, during the nine month period an $8.7 million charge was recognized in Occupancy and equipment rental expense due to vacating certain office space in London. Other expenses for the nine months ended November 30, 2013 include $38.4 million in litigation expenses, which includes litigation costs related to the final judgment on our last outstanding auction rate securities legal matter and to agreements reached in principle with the relevant authorities pertaining to an investigation of purchases and sales of mortgage-backed securities. Non-compensation expenses associated directly with the activities of the Bache business were $106.3 million for the nine months ended November 30, 2013.
Floor brokerage and clearing expenses for the period are reflective of the trading volumes in our fixed income and equities trading businesses, including a meaningful volume of trading by our foreign exchange business. Technology and communications expense includes costs associated with development of the various trading systems and various projects associated with corporate support infrastructure, including technology initiatives to support Dodd-Frank reporting requirements. We continued to incur legal and consulting fees as part of implementing various regulatory requirements, which is recognized in Professional services expense.
Three Months Ended February 28, 2013
Non-compensation expenses were $193.9 million for the three months ended February 28, 2013, or 23.7% of Net revenues. Floor brokerage and clearing expense for the 2013 first quarter is commensurate with equity, fixed income and futures trading volumes for the quarter. Occupancy and equipment expense for the period includes costs associated with taking on additional space at our global head office in New York offset by a reduction in integration costs for technology and communications as significant system migrations for Jefferies Bache have been completed. Professional services expense includes legal and consulting fees of $2.1 million related to the Leucadia Transaction and business and development expense contains costs incurred in connection with our efforts to build out our market share. Non-compensation expenses associated directly with the activities of the Bache business were $35.4 million for the three months ended February 28, 2013.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Income Taxes
For the year ended November 30, 2015, the provision for income taxes was $18.9 million equating to an effective tax rate of 16.5%. For the year ended November 30, 2014, the provision for income taxes was $142.1 million equating to an effective tax rate of 46.9%. For the nine months ended November 30, 2013 and the three months ended February 28, 2013 the provision for income taxes was $94.7 million and $48.6 million, respectively, equating to an effective tax rate of 35.8% and 34.9%, respectively. The change in the effective tax rate during the year ended November 30, 2015 as compared with the prior year is primarily due to net tax benefits related to the resolution of state income tax examinations and statute expirations during the current year, a change in the geographical mix of earnings and the impact of the goodwill impairment charge that was non-deductible in the prior year period.
Earnings per Common Share
Diluted net earnings per common share was $0.35 for the three months ended February 28, 2013 on 217,844,000 shares. Earnings per share data is not provided for periods subsequent to February 28, 2013, coinciding with the date we became a limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Leucadia. (See Note 18, Earnings per Share, in our consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the calculation of earnings per common share.)
Accounting Developments
For a discussion of recently issued accounting developments and their impact on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 3, Accounting Developments, in our consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related notes. Actual results can and may differ from estimates. These differences could be material to the financial statements.
We believe our application of U.S. GAAP and the associated estimates are reasonable. Our accounting estimates are constantly reevaluated, and adjustments are made when facts and circumstances dictate a change. Historically, we have found our application of accounting policies to be appropriate, and actual results have not differed materially from those determined using necessary estimates.
We believe our critical accounting policies (policies that are both material to the financial condition and results of operations and require our most subjective or complex judgments) are our valuation of financial instruments, assessment of goodwill and our use of estimates related to compensation and benefits during the year.
Valuation of Financial Instruments
Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased are recorded at fair value. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the exit price). Unrealized gains or losses are generally recognized in Principal transaction revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
The following is a summary of the fair value of major categories of financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| November 30, 2015 | | | November 30, 2014 |
| Financial Instruments Owned | | Financial Instruments Sold, Not Yet Purchased | | | Financial Instruments Owned | | Financial Instruments Sold, Not Yet Purchased |
Corporate equity securities | $ | 2,027,989 |
| | $ | 1,418,933 |
| | | $ | 2,426,242 |
| | $ | 1,985,864 |
|
Corporate debt securities | 2,893,041 |
| | 1,556,941 |
| | | 3,365,042 |
| | 1,612,217 |
|
Government, federal agency and other sovereign obligations | 5,792,233 |
| | 2,831,117 |
| | | 6,125,901 |
| | 4,044,140 |
|
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities | 4,166,362 |
| | 117 |
| | | 4,526,366 |
| | 4,557 |
|
Loans and other receivables | 1,312,333 |
| | 769,408 |
| | | 1,556,018 |
| | 870,975 |
|
Derivatives | 251,080 |
| | 208,548 |
| | | 406,268 |
| | 363,515 |
|
Investments at fair value | 116,078 |
| | — |
| | | 168,541 |
| | — |
|
Physical commodities | — |
| | — |
| | | 62,234 |
| | — |
|
| $ | 16,559,116 |
| | $ | 6,785,064 |
| | | $ | 18,636,612 |
| | $ | 8,881,268 |
|
Fair Value Hierarchy - In determining fair value, we maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable inputs reflect our assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. We apply a hierarchy to categorize our fair value measurements broken down into three levels based on the transparency of inputs, where Level 1 uses observable prices in active markets and Level 3 uses valuation techniques that incorporate significant unobservable inputs and broker quotes that are considered less observable. Greater use of management judgment is required in determining fair value when inputs are less observable or unobservable in the marketplace, such as when the volume or level of trading activity for a financial instrument has decreased and when certain factors suggest that observed transactions may not be reflective of orderly market transactions. Judgment must be applied in determining the appropriateness of available prices, particularly in assessing whether available data reflects current prices and/or reflects the results of recent market transactions. Prices or quotes are weighed when estimating fair value with greater reliability placed on information from transactions that are considered to be representative of orderly market transactions.
Fair value is a market based measure; therefore, when market observable inputs are not available, our judgment is applied to reflect those judgments that a market participant would use in valuing the same asset or liability. The availability of observable inputs can vary for different products. We use prices and inputs that are current as of the measurement date even in periods of market disruption or illiquidity. The valuation of financial instruments classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy involves the greatest amount of management judgment. (See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 5, Fair Value Disclosures, in our consolidated financial statements for further information on the definitions of fair value, Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 and related valuation techniques.)
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Level 3 Assets and Liabilities – The following table reflects the composition of our Level 3 assets and Level 3 liabilities by asset class (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Financial Instruments Owned | | Financial Instruments Sold, Not Yet Purchased |
| November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 | | November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 |
Loans and other receivables | $ | 189,289 |
| | $ | 97,258 |
| | $ | 10,469 |
| | $ | 14,450 |
|
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 70,263 |
| | 82,557 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Collateralized debt obligations (1) | 85,092 |
| | 124,650 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Investments at fair value (2) | 53,120 |
| | 53,224 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Corporate equity securities | 40,906 |
| | 20,964 |
| | 38 |
| | 38 |
|
Corporate debt securities (1) | 25,876 |
| | 22,766 |
| | — |
| | 223 |
|
Other asset-backed securities | 42,925 |
| | 2,294 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Derivatives | 19,785 |
| | 54,190 |
| | 19,543 |
| | 49,552 |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 14,326 |
| | 26,655 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Sovereign obligations | 120 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Total Level 3 financial instruments (2) | $ | 541,702 |
| | $ | 484,558 |
| | $ | 30,050 |
| | $ | 64,263 |
|
Total Level 3 financial instruments as a percentage of total financial instruments (2) | 3.3 | % | | 2.6 | % | | 0.4 | % | | 0.7 | % |
| |
(1) | Level 3 Collateralized debt obligations at November 30, 2014 increased by $33.2 million with a corresponding decrease in Level 3 Corporate debt securities from those previously reported to correct for the classification of certain positions. The total amount of Level 3 assets remained unchanged. |
| |
(2) | In May 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2015-07, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) - Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent)” ("ASU No. 2015-07"). In the second quarter of fiscal 2015, we early adopted ASU No. 2015-07 retrospectively. (See Note 3, Accounting Developments, and Note 5, Fair Value Disclosures, in our consolidated financial statements for further information on the adoption of this guidance.) |
While our Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, which are included within liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, are accounted for at fair value, we do not account for any of our other liabilities at fair value, except for certain secured financings that arise in connection with our securitization activities included with Other secured financings of approximately $0.5 million and $30.8 million at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, respectively, and the conversion option to Leucadia shares embedded in our 3.875% Convertible Senior debenture of approximately $0.0 and $0.7 million reported within Long-term debt at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, respectively.
The following table reflects activity with respect to our Level 3 assets and net liabilities (in millions):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Successor | | | Predecessor |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 | | Nine Months Ended November 30, 2013 | | | Three Months Ended February 28, 2013 |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 (1) | $ | 85.8 |
| | $ | 54.6 |
| | $ | 55.9 |
| | | $ | 112.7 |
|
Transfers from Level 2 to Level 3 (1) | 236.7 |
| | 139.0 |
| | 82.4 |
| | | 100.5 |
|
Net gains (losses) (1) | (34.3 | ) | | (28.6 | ) | | (3.4 | ) | | | 13.2 |
|
Net Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 | $ | 52.3 |
| | $ | 4.4 |
| | $ | 0.1 |
| | | $ | 0.7 |
|
Transfers from Level 2 to Level 3 | 1.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | | — |
|
Net gains (losses) | 8.3 |
| | (6.0 | ) | | 1.1 |
| | | (2.7 | ) |
| |
(1) | In the second quarter of fiscal 2015, we early adopted ASU No. 2015-07 retrospectively. (See Note 3, Accounting Developments, and Note 5, Fair Value Disclosures, in our consolidated financial statements for further information on the adoption of this guidance.) |
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
For additional discussion on transfers of assets and liabilities among the fair value hierarchy levels, see Note 5, Fair Value Disclosures, in our consolidated financial statements.
Controls Over the Valuation Process for Financial Instruments – Our Independent Price Verification Group, independent of the trading function, plays an important role in determining that our financial instruments are appropriately valued and that fair value measurements are reliable. This is particularly important where prices or valuations that require inputs are less observable. In the event that observable inputs are not available, the control processes are designed to assure that the valuation approach utilized is appropriate and consistently applied and that the assumptions are reasonable. Where a pricing model is used to determine fair value, these control processes include reviews of the pricing model’s theoretical soundness and appropriateness by risk management personnel with relevant expertise who are independent from the trading desks. In addition, recently executed comparable transactions and other observable market data are considered for purposes of validating assumptions underlying the model.
Goodwill
At November 30, 2015, goodwill recorded on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition is $1,656.6 million (4.3% of total assets). The nature and accounting for goodwill is discussed in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 11, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, in our consolidated financial statements. Goodwill must be allocated to reporting units and tested for impairment at least annually, or when circumstances or events make it more likely than not that an impairment occurred. Goodwill is tested by comparing the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value.
We use allocated tangible equity plus allocated goodwill and intangible assets as a proxy for the carrying amount of each reporting unit. The amount of equity allocated to a reporting unit is based on our cash capital model deployed in managing our businesses, which seeks to approximate the capital a business would require if it were operating independently. For further information on our Cash Capital Policy, refer to the Liquidity, Financial Condition and Capital Resources section herein. Intangible assets are allocated to a reporting unit based on either specifically identifying a particular intangible asset as pertaining to a reporting unit or, if shared among reporting units, based on an assessment of the reporting unit’s benefit from the intangible asset in order to generate results.
Estimating the fair value of a reporting unit requires management judgment and often involves the use of estimates and assumptions that could have a significant effect on whether or not an impairment charge is recorded and the magnitude of such a charge. Estimated fair values for our reporting units utilize market valuation methods that incorporate price-to-earnings and price-to-book multiples of comparable public companies. Under the market approach, the key assumptions are the selected multiples and our internally developed forecasts of future profitability, growth and return on equity for each reporting unit. The weight assigned to the multiples requires judgment in qualitatively and quantitatively evaluating the size, profitability and the nature of the business activities of the reporting units as compared to the comparable publicly-traded companies. In addition, as the fair values determined under the market approach represent a noncontrolling interest, we apply a control premium to arrive at the estimate fair value of each reporting unit on a controlling basis. We engaged an independent valuation specialist to assist us in our valuation process at August 1, 2015.
Our annual goodwill impairment testing at August 1, 2015 did not indicate any goodwill impairment in any of our reporting units. The carrying values of goodwill by reporting unit at November 30, 2015 are as follows: $568.7 million in Investment Banking, $161.5 million in Equities and Wealth Management, $923.4 million in Fixed Income and $3.0 million in Strategic Investments.
The results of our assessment indicated that our reporting units had a fair value in excess of their carrying amounts based on current projections. While no goodwill impairment was identified, the valuation methodology for our Fixed Income reporting unit is sensitive to management’s forecasts of future profitability, which comes with a level of uncertainty given current economic conditions and results. Changes in global economic growth, fixed income market liquidity and destabilization in the commodity markets, among other factors, may adversely impact our fixed income business relative to our forecast which could cause a decline in the estimated fair value of the Fixed Income reporting unit and a resulting impairment of a portion of our goodwill.
Refer to Note 11, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for further details on goodwill.
Compensation and Benefits
A portion of our compensation and benefits represents discretionary bonuses, which are finalized at year end. In addition to the level of net revenues, our overall compensation expense in any given year is influenced by prevailing labor markets, revenue mix, profitability, individual and business performance metrics, and our use of share-based compensation programs. We believe the most appropriate way to allocate estimated annual total compensation among interim periods is in proportion to net revenues
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
earned. Consequently, during the year we accrue compensation and benefits based on annual targeted compensation ratios, taking into account the mix of our revenues and the timing of expense recognition.
For further discussion of these and other significant accounting policies, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in our consolidated financial statements.
Liquidity, Financial Condition and Capital Resources
Our Chief Financial Officer and Global Treasurer are responsible for developing and implementing our liquidity, funding and capital management strategies. These policies are determined by the nature and needs of our day to day business operations, business opportunities, regulatory obligations, and liquidity requirements.
Our actual levels of capital, total assets and financial leverage are a function of a number of factors, including asset composition, business initiatives and opportunities, regulatory requirements and cost and availability of both long term and short term funding. We have historically maintained a balance sheet consisting of a large portion of our total assets in cash and liquid marketable securities, arising principally from traditional securities brokerage and trading activity. The liquid nature of these assets provides us with flexibility in financing and managing our business.
Analysis of Financial Condition
A business unit level balance sheet and cash capital analysis is prepared and reviewed with senior management on a weekly basis. As a part of this balance sheet review process, capital is allocated to all assets and gross and adjusted balance sheet limits are established. This process ensures that the allocation of capital and costs of capital are incorporated into business decisions. The goals of this process are to protect the firm’s platform, enable our businesses to remain competitive, maintain the ability to manage capital proactively and hold businesses accountable for both balance sheet and capital usage.
We actively monitor and evaluate our financial condition and the composition of our assets and liabilities. Substantially all of our Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased are valued on a daily basis and we monitor and employ balance sheet limits for our various businesses. In connection with our government and agency fixed income business and our role as a primary dealer in these markets, a sizable portion of our securities inventory is comprised of U.S. government and agency securities and other G-7 government securities.
The following table provides detail on key balance sheet asset and liability line items (in millions): |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 | | % Change |
Total assets | $ | 38,565.1 |
| | $ | 44,517.6 |
| | (13.4 | )% |
Cash and cash equivalents | 3,510.2 |
| | 4,080.0 |
| | (14.0 | )% |
Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations | 751.1 |
| | 3,444.7 |
| | (78.2 | )% |
Financial instruments owned | 16,559.1 |
| | 18,636.6 |
| | (11.1 | )% |
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased | 6,785.1 |
| | 8,881.3 |
| | (23.6 | )% |
Total Level 3 assets (1) | 541.7 |
| | 484.6 |
| | 11.8 | % |
| | | | | |
Securities borrowed | $ | 6,975.1 |
| | $ | 6,853.1 |
| | 1.8 | % |
Securities purchased under agreements to resell | 3,857.3 |
| | 3,926.9 |
| | (1.8 | )% |
Total securities borrowed and securities purchased under agreements to resell | $ | 10,832.4 |
| | $ | 10,780.0 |
| | 0.5 | % |
| | | | | |
Securities loaned | $ | 2,979.3 |
| | $ | 2,598.5 |
| | 14.7 | % |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 10,004.4 |
| | 10,672.2 |
| | (6.3 | )% |
Total securities loaned and securities sold under agreements to repurchase | $ | 12,983.7 |
| | $ | 13,270.7 |
| | (2.2 | )% |
| |
(1) | In the second quarter of fiscal 2015, we early adopted ASU No. 2015-07 retrospectively. (See Note 3, Accounting Developments, and Note 5, Fair Value Disclosures, in our consolidated financial statements for further information on the adoption of this guidance.) |
Total assets at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014 were $38.6 billion and $44.5 billion, respectively, a decline of 13.4%. This decline reflects reductions that we implemented in connection with our view of the current market environment, which are
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
also reflected in a reduction in risk at the comparable period ends. During the year ended November 30, 2015, average total assets were approximately 28.4% higher than total assets at November 30, 2015.
Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $569.8 million from $4,080.0 million at November 30, 2014 to $3,510.2 million, primarily due to the repayment of $500.0 million in unsecured senior notes, which matured during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. Cash and securities segregated decreased by $2,693.6 million from $3,444.7 million at November 30, 2014 to $751.1 million at November 30, 2015, primarily as a result of the exit of the Bache business during the year ended November 30, 2015. At November 30, 2015, we have transfered all of our customer accounts to Société Générale S.A. and other brokers. With the changes in our balance sheet from November 30, 2014 to November 30, 2015, our liquidity pool as a percentage of total assets increased from 12.4% at November 30, 2014 to 13.2% at November 30, 2015. (See “Sources of Liquidity” herein.)
Our total Financial instruments owned inventory at November 30, 2015 was $16.6 billion, a decrease of 11.1% from inventory of $18.6 billion at November 30, 2014, driven by a reduction in all inventory positions in response to market conditions. Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased inventory was $6.8 billion and $8.9 billion at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, respectively, with the decrease in all inventory products primarily consisting of a decline in government obligations, federal agency and other sovereign inventory due to U.S. treasury hedges and global market concerns. Our overall net inventory position was $9.8 billion both at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, due to an increase in our net inventory of government, federal agency and other sovereign obligations, offset by a reduction in our net inventory of corporate debt securities and mortgage- and asset-backed securities. The reductions in our balance sheet and mix of inventory was substantially effected during our fourth quarter. While our total financial instruments owned declined from November 30, 2014 to November 30, 2015, our Level 3 financial instruments owned as a percentage of total financial instruments owned remained relatively consistent at 3.3% at November 30, 2015 and 2.6% at November 30, 2014.
We continually monitor our overall securities inventory, including the inventory turnover rate, which confirms the liquidity of our overall assets. As a Primary Dealer in the U.S. and with our similar role in several European jurisdictions, we carry inventory and make an active market for our clients in securities issued by the various governments. These inventory positions are substantially comprised of the most liquid securities in the asset class, with a significant portion in holdings of securities of G-7 countries.
Of our total Financial instruments owned, approximately 76.7% are readily and consistently financeable at haircuts of 10% or less. In addition, as a matter of our policy, a portion of these assets has internal capital assessed, which is in addition to the funding haircuts provided in the securities finance markets. Additionally, our Financial instruments owned primarily consisting of bank loans, consumer loans, investments and non-agency mortgage-backed securities are predominantly funded by long term capital. Under our cash capital policy, we model capital allocation levels that are more stringent than the haircuts used in the market for secured funding; and we maintain surplus capital at these maximum levels.
Securities financing assets and liabilities include both financing for our financial instruments trading activity and matched book transactions. Matched book transactions accommodate customers, as well as obtain securities for the settlement and financing of inventory positions. The aggregate outstanding balance of our securities borrowed and securities purchased under agreements to resell increased by 0.5% from November 30, 2014 to November 30, 2015, primarily due to an increase in our matched book activity, partially offset by a decrease in firm financing of our short inventory. The outstanding balance of our securities loaned and securities sold under agreement to repurchase decreased by 2.2% from November 30, 2014 to November 30, 2015 primarily due to a decrease in firm financing of our inventory, partially offset by an increase in our matched book activity. By executing repurchase agreements with central clearing corporations to finance liquid inventory, rather than bi-lateral arrangements, we reduce the credit risk associated with these arrangements and decrease net outstanding balances. Our average month end balances of total reverse repos and stock borrows and total repos and stock loans during the year ended November 30, 2015 were 31.3% and 34.4% higher, respectively, than the November 30, 2015 balances.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
The following table presents our period end balance, average balance and maximum balance at any month end within the periods presented for Securities purchased under agreements to resell and Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (in millions):
|
| | | | | | | |
| Year Ended November 30, 2015 | | Year Ended November 30, 2014 |
Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell: | | | |
Period end | $ | 3,857 |
| | $ | 3,927 |
|
Month end average | 5,719 |
| | 5,788 |
|
Maximum month end | 7,577 |
| | 8,081 |
|
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase: | | | |
Period end | $ | 10,004 |
| | $ | 10,672 |
|
Month end average | 14,026 |
| | 13,291 |
|
Maximum month end | 18,629 |
| | 16,586 |
|
Fluctuations in the balance of our repurchase agreements from period to period and intraperiod are dependent on business activity in those periods. Additionally, the fluctuations in the balances of our securities purchased under agreements to resell over the periods presented are influenced in any given period by our clients’ balances and our clients’ desires to execute collateralized financing arrangements via the repurchase market or via other financing products. Average balances and period end balances will fluctuate based on market and liquidity conditions and we consider the fluctuations intraperiod to be typical for the repurchase market.
Leverage Ratios
The following table presents total assets, adjusted assets, total equity, total member’s equity, tangible equity and tangible member’s equity with the resulting leverage ratios (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 |
Total assets | $ | 38,565,142 |
| | $ | 44,517,648 |
|
Deduct: | | Securities borrowed | (6,975,136 | ) | | (6,853,103 | ) |
| | Securities purchased under agreements to resell | (3,857,306 | ) | | (3,926,858 | ) |
| | | | | |
Add: | | Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased | 6,785,064 |
| | 8,881,268 |
|
| | Less derivative liabilities | (208,548 | ) | | (363,515 | ) |
Subtotal | 6,576,516 |
| | 8,517,753 |
|
Deduct: | | Cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing and depository organizations | (751,084 | ) | | (3,444,674 | ) |
| | Goodwill and intangible assets | (1,882,371 | ) | | (1,904,417 | ) |
Adjusted assets | $ | 31,675,761 |
| | $ | 36,906,349 |
|
Total equity | $ | 5,509,377 |
| | $ | 5,463,431 |
|
Deduct: | | Goodwill and intangible assets | (1,882,371 | ) | | (1,904,417 | ) |
Tangible equity | $ | 3,627,006 |
| | $ | 3,559,014 |
|
Total member’s equity | $ | 5,481,909 |
| | $ | 5,424,583 |
|
Deduct: | | Goodwill and intangible assets | (1,882,371 | ) | | (1,904,417 | ) |
Tangible member’s equity | $ | 3,599,538 |
| | $ | 3,520,166 |
|
Leverage ratio (1) | 7.0 |
| | 8.1 |
|
Tangible gross leverage ratio (2) | 10.2 |
| | 12.1 |
|
Leverage ratio – excluding impacts of the Leucadia Transaction (3) | 8.8 |
| | 10.3 |
|
Adjusted leverage ratio (4) | 8.7 |
| | 10.4 |
|
| |
(1) | Leverage ratio equals total assets divided by total equity. |
| |
(2) | Tangible gross leverage ratio (a non-GAAP financial measure) equals total assets less goodwill and identifiable intangible assets divided by tangible member’s equity. The tangible gross leverage ratio is used by Rating Agencies in assessing our leverage ratio. |
| |
(3) | On March 1, 2013, we converted into a limited liability company and became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Leucadia, pursuant to an agreement with Leucadia, which is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting |
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
(the “Leucadia Transaction”). Leverage ratio – excluding impacts of the Leucadia Transaction (a non-GAAP financial measure) equals total assets less the increase in goodwill and asset fair values in accounting for the Leucadia Transaction of $1,957 million less amortization of $124 million and $108 million during the period since the Leucadia Transaction to November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, respectively, on assets recognized at fair value in accounting for the Leucadia Transaction divided by the sum of total equity less $1,353 million and $1,310 million at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, respectively, being the increase in equity arising from consideration of $1,426 million excluding the $125 million attributable to the assumption of our preferred stock by Leucadia, and less the impact on equity due to amortization of $52 million and $9 million at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, respectively, on assets and liabilities recognized at fair value in accounting for the Leucadia Transaction.
| |
(4) | Adjusted leverage ratio (a non-GAAP financial measure) equals adjusted assets divided by tangible total equity. |
Adjusted assets is a non-GAAP financial measure and excludes certain assets that are considered of lower risk as they are generally self-financed by customer liabilities through our securities lending activities. We view the resulting measure of adjusted leverage, also a non-GAAP financial measure, as a more relevant measure of financial risk when comparing financial services companies.
Liquidity Management
The key objectives of the liquidity management framework are to support the successful execution of our business strategies while ensuring sufficient liquidity through the business cycle and during periods of financial distress. Our liquidity management policies are designed to mitigate the potential risk that we may be unable to access adequate financing to service our financial obligations without material franchise or business impact.
The principal elements of our liquidity management framework are our Contingency Funding Plan, our Cash Capital Policy and our assessment of Maximum Liquidity Outflow.
Contingency Funding Plan. Our Contingency Funding Plan is based on a model of a potential liquidity contraction over a one year time period. This incorporates potential cash outflows during a liquidity stress event, including, but not limited to, the following: (a) repayment of all unsecured debt maturing within one year and no incremental unsecured debt issuance; (b) maturity rolloff of outstanding letters of credit with no further issuance and replacement with cash collateral; (c) higher margin requirements than currently exist on assets on securities financing activity, including repurchase agreements; (d) liquidity outflows related to possible credit downgrade; (e) lower availability of secured funding; (f) client cash withdrawals; (g) the anticipated funding of outstanding investment and loan commitments; and (h) certain accrued expenses and other liabilities and fixed costs.
Cash Capital Policy. We maintain a cash capital model that measures long-term funding sources against requirements. Sources of cash capital include our equity and the noncurrent portion of long-term borrowings. Uses of cash capital include the following: (a) illiquid assets such as equipment, goodwill, net intangible assets, exchange memberships, deferred tax assets and certain investments; (b) a portion of securities inventory that is not expected to be financed on a secured basis in a credit stressed environment (i.e., margin requirements) and (c) drawdowns of unfunded commitments. To ensure that we do not need to liquidate inventory in the event of a funding crisis, we seek to maintain surplus cash capital, which is reflected in the leverage ratios we maintain. Our total long-term capital of $10.8 billion at November 30, 2015 exceeded our cash capital requirements.
Maximum Liquidity Outflow. Our businesses are diverse, and our liquidity needs are determined by many factors, including market movements, collateral requirements and client commitments, all of which can change dramatically in a difficult funding environment. During a liquidity crisis, credit-sensitive funding, including unsecured debt and some types of secured financing agreements, may be unavailable, and the terms (e.g., interest rates, collateral provisions and tenor) or availability of other types of secured financing may change. As a result of our policy to ensure we have sufficient funds to cover what we estimate may be needed in a liquidity crisis, we hold more cash and unencumbered securities and have greater long-term debt balances than our businesses would otherwise require. As part of this estimation process, we calculate a Maximum Liquidity Outflow that could be experienced in a liquidity crisis. Maximum Liquidity Outflow is based on a scenario that includes both a market-wide stress and firm-specific stress, characterized by some or all of the following elements:
| |
• | Global recession, default by a medium-sized sovereign, low consumer and corporate confidence, and general financial instability. |
| |
• | Severely challenged market environment with material declines in equity markets and widening of credit spreads. |
| |
• | Damaging follow-on impacts to financial institutions leading to the failure of a large bank. |
| |
• | A firm-specific crisis potentially triggered by material losses, reputational damage, litigation, executive departure, and/or a ratings downgrade. |
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
The following are the critical modeling parameters of the Maximum Liquidity Outflow:
| |
• | Liquidity needs over a 30-day scenario. |
| |
• | A two-notch downgrade of our long-term senior unsecured credit ratings. |
| |
• | No support from government funding facilities. |
| |
• | A combination of contractual outflows, such as upcoming maturities of unsecured debt, and contingent outflows (e.g., actions though not contractually required, we may deem necessary in a crisis). We assume that most contingent outflows will occur within the initial days and weeks of a crisis. |
| |
• | No diversification benefit across liquidity risks. We assume that liquidity risks are additive. |
The calculation of our Maximum Liquidity Outflow under the above stresses and modeling parameters considers the following potential contractual and contingent cash and collateral outflows:
| |
• | All upcoming maturities of unsecured long-term debt, commercial paper, promissory notes and other unsecured funding products assuming we will be unable to issue new unsecured debt or rollover any maturing debt. |
| |
• | Repurchases of our outstanding long-term debt in the ordinary course of business as a market maker. |
| |
• | A portion of upcoming contractual maturities of secured funding trades due to either the inability to refinance or the ability to refinance only at wider haircuts (i.e., on terms which require us to post additional collateral). Our assumptions reflect, among other factors, the quality of the underlying collateral and counterparty concentration. |
| |
• | Collateral postings to counterparties due to adverse changes in the value of our over-the-counter ("OTC") derivatives and other outflows due to trade terminations, collateral substitutions, collateral disputes, collateral calls or termination payments required by a two-notch downgrade in our credit ratings. |
| |
• | Variation margin postings required due to adverse changes in the value of our outstanding exchange-traded derivatives and any increase in initial margin and guarantee fund requirements by derivative clearing houses. |
| |
• | Liquidity outflows associated with our prime brokerage business, including withdrawals of customer credit balances, and a reduction in customer short positions. |
| |
• | Liquidity outflows to clearing banks to ensure timely settlements of cash and securities transactions. |
| |
• | Draws on our unfunded commitments considering, among other things, the type of commitment and counterparty. |
| |
• | Other upcoming large cash outflows, such as tax payments. |
Based on the sources and uses of liquidity calculated under the Maximum Liquidity Outflow scenarios we determine, based on a calculated surplus or deficit, additional long-term funding that may be needed versus funding through the repurchase financing market and consider any adjustments that may be necessary to our inventory balances and cash holdings. At November 30, 2015, we have sufficient excess liquidity to meet all contingent cash outflows detailed in the Maximum Liquidity Outflow. We regularly refine our model to reflect changes in market or economic conditions and the firm’s business mix.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Sources of Liquidity
The following are financial instruments that are cash and cash equivalents or are deemed by management to be generally readily convertible into cash, marginable or accessible for liquidity purposes within a relatively short period of time (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| November 30, 2015 | | Average balance Quarter ended November 30, 2015 (1) | | November 30, 2014 |
Cash and cash equivalents: | | | | | |
Cash in banks | $ | 973,796 |
| | $ | 811,034 |
| | $ | 1,083,605 |
|
Certificate of deposit | 75,000 |
| | 75,000 |
| | 75,000 |
|
Money market investments | 2,461,367 |
| | 2,001,419 |
| | 2,921,363 |
|
Total cash and cash equivalents | 3,510,163 |
| | 2,887,453 |
| | 4,079,968 |
|
Other sources of liquidity: | | | | | |
Debt securities owned and securities purchased under agreements to resell (2) | 1,265,840 |
| | 1,138,614 |
| | 1,056,766 |
|
Other (3) | 305,123 |
| | 522,514 |
| | 363,713 |
|
Total other sources | 1,570,963 |
| | 1,661,128 |
| | 1,420,479 |
|
Total cash and cash equivalents and other liquidity sources | $ | 5,081,126 |
| | $ | 4,548,581 |
| | $ | 5,500,447 |
|
Total cash and cash equivalents and other liquidity sources as % of total assets | 13.2 | % | | | | 12.4 | % |
Total cash and cash equivalents and other liquidity sources as % of total assets less goodwill and intangible assets | 13.9 | % | | | | 12.9 | % |
| |
(1) | Average balances are calculated based on weekly balances. |
| |
(2) | Consists of high quality sovereign government securities and reverse repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities and other high quality sovereign government securities; deposits with a central bank within the European Economic Area, Canada, Australia, Japan, Switzerland or the USA; and securities issued by a designated multilateral development bank and reverse repurchase agreements with underlying collateral comprised of these securities. |
| |
(3) | Other includes unencumbered inventory representing an estimate of the amount of additional secured financing that could be reasonably expected to be obtained from our financial instruments owned that are currently not pledged after considering reasonable financing haircuts and additional funds available under the committed senior secured revolving credit facility available for working capital needs of Jefferies. |
In addition to the cash balances and liquidity pool presented above, the majority of financial instruments (both long and short) in our trading accounts are actively traded and readily marketable. At November 30, 2015, we had the ability to readily obtain repurchase financing for 76.7% of our inventory at haircuts of 10% or less, which reflects the liquidity of our inventory. We continually assess the liquidity of our inventory based on the level at which we could obtain financing in the market place for a given asset. Assets are considered to be liquid if financing can be obtained in the repurchase market or the securities lending market at collateral haircut levels of 10% or less. The following summarizes our financial instruments by asset class that we consider to be of a liquid nature and the amount of such assets that have not been pledged as collateral (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 |
| Liquid Financial Instruments | | Unencumbered Liquid Financial Instruments (2) | | Liquid Financial Instruments | | Unencumbered Liquid Financial Instruments (2) |
Corporate equity securities | $ | 1,881,419 |
| | $ | 268,664 |
| | $ | 2,191,288 |
| | $ | 297,628 |
|
Corporate debt securities | 1,999,162 |
| | 89,230 |
| | 2,583,779 |
| | 11,389 |
|
U.S. government, agency and municipal securities | 2,987,784 |
| | 317,518 |
| | 3,124,780 |
| | 250,278 |
|
Other sovereign obligations | 2,444,339 |
| | 1,026,842 |
| | 2,671,807 |
| | 877,366 |
|
Agency mortgage-backed securities (1) | 3,371,680 |
| | — |
| | 3,395,771 |
| | — |
|
Physical commodities | — |
| | — |
| | 62,234 |
| | — |
|
| $ | 12,684,384 |
| | $ | 1,702,254 |
| | $ | 14,029,659 |
| | $ | 1,436,661 |
|
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
| |
(1) | Consists solely of agency mortgage-backed securities issued by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae. These securities include pass-through securities, securities backed by adjustable rate mortgages (“ARMs”), collateralized mortgage obligations, commercial mortgage-backed securities and interest- and principal-only securities. |
| |
(2) | Unencumbered liquid balances represent assets that can be sold or used as collateral for a loan, but have not been. |
Average liquid financial instruments were $15.3 billion and $15.2 billion for the three and twelve months ended November 30, 2015, respectively, and $17.2 billion for both the three and twelve months ended November 30, 2014. Average unencumbered liquid financial instruments were $1.9 billion for both the three and twelve months ended November 30, 2015, and $1.8 billion and $2.1 billion for the three and twelve months ended November 30, 2014, respectively.
In addition to being able to be readily financed at modest haircut levels, we estimate that each of the individual securities within each asset class above could be sold into the market and converted into cash within three business days under normal market conditions, assuming that a significant portion of the portfolio of a given asset class was not simultaneously liquidated. There are no restrictions on the unencumbered liquid securities, nor have they been pledged as collateral.
Sources of Funding and Capital Resources
Our assets are funded by equity capital, senior debt, convertible debt, securities loaned, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, customer free credit balances, bank loans and other payables.
Secured Financing
We rely principally on readily available secured funding to finance our inventory of financial instruments. Our ability to support increases in total assets is largely a function of our ability to obtain short and intermediate-term secured funding, primarily through securities financing transactions. We finance a portion of our long inventory and cover some of our short inventory by pledging and borrowing securities in the form of repurchase or reverse repurchase agreements (collectively “repos”), respectively. Approximately 81.2% of our repurchase financing activities use collateral that is considered eligible collateral by central clearing corporations. Central clearing corporations are situated between participating members who borrow cash and lend securities (or vice versa); accordingly repo participants contract with the central clearing corporation and not one another individually. Therefore, counterparty credit risk is borne by the central clearing corporation which mitigates the risk through initial margin demands and variation margin calls from repo participants. The comparatively large proportion of our total repo activity that is eligible for central clearing reflects the high quality and liquid composition of the inventory we carry in our trading books. The tenor of our repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements generally exceeds the expected holding period of the assets we are financing.
A significant portion of our financing of European sovereign inventory is executed using central clearinghouse financing arrangements rather than via bi-lateral repo agreements. For those asset classes not eligible for central clearinghouse financing, we seek to execute our bi-lateral financings on an extended term basis.
Weighted average maturity of repurchase agreements for non-clearing corporation eligible funded inventory is approximately four months at November 30, 2015. Our ability to finance our inventory via central clearinghouses and bi-lateral arrangements is augmented by our ability to draw bank loans on an uncommitted basis under our various banking arrangements. At November 30, 2015, short-term borrowings, which include bank loans, which must be repaid within one year or less, as well as borrowings under revolving credit and loan facilities, totaled $310.7 million. Interest under the bank lines is generally at a spread over the federal funds rate. Letters of credit are used in the normal course of business mostly to satisfy various collateral requirements in favor of exchanges in lieu of depositing cash or securities. Average daily short-term borrowings outstanding were $65.3 million for the year ended November 30, 2015 and $81.7 million for the year ended November 30, 2014.
On October 29, 2015, we entered into a secured revolving loan facility (“Loan Facility”) with Pacific Western Bank. Pacific Western Bank agrees to make available a revolving loan facility in a maximum principal amount of $50.0 million in U.S. dollars to purchase eligible receivables that meet certain requirements as defined in the Loan Facility agreement. Interest is based on an annual rate equal to the lesser of the LIBOR rate plus three and three-quarters percent or the maximum rate as defined in the Loan Facility agreement. At November 30, 2015, borrowings under the Loan Facility amounted to $48.7 million and are included within the Short-term borrowings balance above and in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
In addition to the above financing arrangements, in November 2012, we initiated a program whereby we issue notes backed by eligible collateral under a master repurchase agreement, which provides an additional financing source for our inventory (our “repurchase agreement financing program”). At November 30, 2015, the outstanding amount of the notes issued under the program was $716.7 million in aggregate, which is presented within Other secured financings in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. Of the $716.7 million aggregate notes, $40.0 million mature in March 2016, $50.0 million in June 2016, $195.1 million
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
in July 2016, $76.5 million in August 2016, $60.0 million in December 2016, $60.0 million in May 2017, and $60.0 million in October 2017, all bearing interest at a spread over one month LIBOR. The remaining $175.1 million matured in January 2016, and bore interest at a spread over three month LIBOR. At November 30, 2015, $431.6 million of the $716.7 million aggregate notes are redeemable within approximately 90 days at the option of the noteholders. For additional discussion on the program, refer to Note 9, Variable Interest Entities, in our consolidated financial statements.
On April 23, 2015, we entered into a committed revolving credit facility (“Intraday Credit Facility”) with the Bank of New York Mellon. The Bank of New York Mellon agrees to make revolving intraday credit advances for an aggregate committed amount of $500.0 million in U.S. dollars. The term of the Intraday Credit Facility was six months after the closing date, but could be extended for an additional six months upon our request and at the lender's discretion. On October 22, 2015, we amended and restated the Intraday Credit Facility and reduced the aggregate committed amount to $300.0 million in U.S. dollars and extended the termination date to October 21, 2016, which can be extended for 364 days upon our request and at the lender's discretion. The Intraday Credit Facility contains a financial covenant, which includes a minimum regulatory net capital requirement. Interest is based on the higher of the Federal funds effective rate plus 0.5% or the prime rate. At November 30, 2015, we were in compliance with debt covenants under the Intraday Credit Facility.
Total Long-Term Capital
At November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014, we have total long-term capital of $10.8 billion and $11.3 billion resulting in a long-term debt to equity capital ratio of 0.96:1 and 1.06:1, respectively. Our total long-term capital base at November 30, 2015 and November 30, 2014 was as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | |
| November 30, 2015 | | November 30, 2014 |
Long-Term Debt (1) | $ | 5,288,867 |
| | $ | 5,805,673 |
|
Total Equity | 5,509,377 |
| | 5,463,431 |
|
Total Long-Term Capital | $ | 10,798,244 |
| | $ | 11,269,104 |
|
| |
(1) | Long-term debt for purposes of evaluating long-term capital at November 30, 2014 excludes $170.0 million of our outstanding borrowings under our long-term revolving Credit Facility. In addition, long-term capital excludes $353.0 million of our 5.5% Senior Notes at November 30, 2015 and $507.9 million of our 3.875% Senior Notes at November 30, 2014, as these notes mature in less than one year from the period end. |
Long-Term Debt
On August 26, 2011, we entered into a committed senior secured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”) with a group of commercial banks in Dollars, Euros and Sterling, for an aggregate committed amount of $950.0 million with availability subject to one or more borrowing bases and of which $250.0 million can be borrowed by Jefferies Bache Limited without a borrowing base requirement. On June 26, 2014, we amended and restated the Credit Facility to extend the term of the Credit Facility for three years and reduced the committed amount to $750.0 million. The borrowers under the Credit Facility were Jefferies Bache Financial Services, Inc., Jefferies Bache, LLC and Jefferies Bache Limited, with a guarantee from Jefferies Group LLC. On September 1, 2014, Jefferies Bache, LLC merged with and into Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”), (a U.S. broker-dealer). Jefferies was the surviving entity, and therefore, was a borrower under the Credit Facility. At November 30, 2014, borrowings under the Credit Facility amounted to $170.0 million and were denominated in U.S. dollars.
Interest was based on the Federal funds rate or, in the case of Euro and Sterling borrowings, the Euro Interbank Offered Rate and the London Interbank Offered Rate, respectively. The Credit Facility contained financial covenants that, among other things, imposed restrictions on future indebtedness of our subsidiaries, required Jefferies Group LLC to maintain specified level of tangible net worth and liquidity amounts, and required certain of our subsidiaries to maintain specified levels of regulated capital. At November 30, 2014, the minimum tangible net worth requirement was $2,603.1 million and the minimum liquidity requirement was $541.7 million for which we were in compliance. Throughout the period, no instances of noncompliance with the Credit Facility occurred. We terminated our $750.0 million Credit Facility on July 31, 2015, due to the exiting of the Bache business. For further information with respect to the Credit Facility, refer to Note 24, Exit Costs in our consolidated financial statements.
On May 20, 2014, under our $2.0 billion Euro Medium Term Note Program we issued senior unsecured notes with a principal amount of €500.0 million, due 2020, which bear interest at 2.375% per annum. Proceeds amounted to €498.7 million.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
At November 30, 2015, our long-term debt has a weighted average maturity of approximately 8 years. Our 3.875% Senior Notes with a principal amount of $500.0 million matured in November 2015.
Our long-term debt ratings are currently as follows:
|
| | | | |
| Rating | | Outlook |
Moody’s Investors Service (1) | Baa3 | | | Stable |
Standard and Poor’s (2) | BBB- | | | Stable |
Fitch Ratings (3) | BBB- | | | Stable |
| |
(1) | On January 21, 2016, Moody's affirmed our long-term debt rating of Baa3 and our rating outlook was changed from negative to stable. |
| |
(2) | On December 11, 2014, Standard and Poor’s (“S&P”) announced its review of the ratings on 13 U.S. securities firms by applying its new ratings criteria for the sector. As part of this review, S&P downgraded our long-term debt rating one notch from “BBB” to “BBB-” and left the rating outlook unchanged at “stable”. |
| |
(3) | On March 5, 2015, Fitch affirmed our long-term debt rating of BBB- and our stable rating outlook. |
In addition, on March 24, 2015, S&P assigned our principal operating broker-dealers, Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”) (a U.S. broker-dealer) and Jefferies International Limited (a U.K. broker-dealer), long-term ratings of BBB and assigned a stable outlook to these ratings. On May 6, 2015, Moody's assigned Jefferies and Jefferies International Limited, long-term ratings of Baa2 and assigned a negative outlook to these ratings. On January 21, 2016, Moody's reaffirmed our Jefferies and Jefferies International Limited ratings of Baa2 and our rating outlook was changed to stable from negative.
We rely upon our cash holdings and external sources to finance a significant portion of our day to day operations. Access to these external sources, as well as the cost of that financing, is dependent upon various factors, including our debt ratings. Our current debt ratings are dependent upon many factors, including industry dynamics, operating and economic environment, operating results, operating margins, earnings trend and volatility, balance sheet composition, liquidity and liquidity management, our capital structure, our overall risk management, business diversification and our market share and competitive position in the markets in which we operate. Deteriorations in any of these factors could impact our credit ratings. While certain aspects of a credit rating downgrade are quantifiable pursuant to contractual provisions, the impact on our business and trading results in future periods is inherently uncertain and depends on a number of factors, including the magnitude of the downgrade, the behavior of individual clients and future mitigating action taken by us.
In connection with certain over-the-counter derivative contract arrangements and certain other trading arrangements, we may be required to provide additional collateral to counterparties, exchanges and clearing organizations in the event of a credit rating downgrade. At November 30, 2015, the amount of additional collateral that could be called by counterparties, exchanges and clearing organizations under the terms of such agreements in the event of a downgrade of our long-term credit rating below investment grade was $49.5 million. For certain foreign clearing organizations credit rating is only one of several factors employed in determining collateral that could be called. The above represents management’s best estimate for additional collateral to be called in the event of credit rating downgrade. The impact of additional collateral requirements are considered in our Contingency Funding Plan and calculation of Maximum Liquidity Outflow, as described above.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The tables below provide information about our commitments related to debt obligations, investments and derivative contracts at November 30, 2015. The table presents principal cash flows with expected maturity dates (in millions):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Expected Maturity Date | | |
| 2016 | | 2017 | | 2018 and 2019 | | 2020 and 2021 | | 2022 and Later | | Total |
Debt obligations: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unsecured long-term debt (contractual principal payments net of unamortized discounts and premiums) | $ | 353.0 |
| | $ | 347.3 |
| | $ | 1,636.4 |
| | $ | 1,366.4 |
| | $ | 1,938.8 |
| | $ | 5,641.9 |
|
Interest payment obligations on senior notes | 294.3 |
| | 287.6 |
| | 461.4 |
| | 297.1 |
| | 1,150.8 |
| | 2,491.2 |
|
Purchase obligations (1) | 66.2 |
| | 55.5 |
| | 78.9 |
| | 52.6 |
| | 23.4 |
| | 276.6 |
|
| $ | 713.5 |
| | $ | 690.4 |
| | $ | 2,176.7 |
| | $ | 1,716.1 |
| | $ | 3,113.0 |
| | $ | 8,409.7 |
|
Commitments and guarantees: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity commitments | $ | 9.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 15.8 |
| | $ | 189.5 |
| | $ | 214.8 |
|
Loan commitments | 247.3 |
| | 170.7 |
| | 81.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 499.4 |
|
Mortgage-related and other purchase commitments | 1,571.4 |
| | 312.5 |
| | 1,013.7 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 2,897.6 |
|
Forward starting reverse repos and repos | 1,635.0 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 1,635.0 |
|
Other unfunded commitments | 87.0 |
| | 186.9 |
| | 20.2 |
| | 5.7 |
| | 35.6 |
| | 335.4 |
|
Derivative Contracts (2): | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative contracts – non credit related | 11,840.6 |
| | 584.6 |
| | 142.8 |
| | — |
| | 414.4 |
| | 12,982.4 |
|
Derivative contracts – credit related | — |
| | — |
| | 115.4 |
| | 955.4 |
| | 10.0 |
| | 1,080.8 |
|
| $ | 15,390.8 |
| | $ | 1,254.7 |
| | $ | 1,373.5 |
| | $ | 976.9 |
| | $ | 649.5 |
| | $ | 19,645.4 |
|
| |
(1) | Purchase obligations for goods and services primarily include payments for outsourcing and computer and telecommunications maintenance agreements. Purchase obligations at November 30, 2015 reflect the minimum contractual obligations under legally enforceable contracts. |
| |
(2) | Certain of our derivative contracts meet the definition of a guarantee and are therefore included in the above table. For additional information on commitments, see Note 20, Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees, in our consolidated financial statements. |
As lessee, we lease certain premises and equipment under non-cancelable agreements expiring at various dates through 2029 which are operating leases. At November 30, 2015, future minimum aggregate annual lease payments under such leases (net of subleases) for fiscal years ended November 30, 2016 through 2020 and the aggregate amount thereafter, are as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | |
| |
Fiscal Year | Operating Leases |
2016 | $ | 54,532 |
|
2017 | 57,072 |
|
2018 | 57,298 |
|
2019 | 55,755 |
|
2020 | 50,584 |
|
Thereafter | 396,041 |
|
| |
Total | $ | 671,282 |
|
| |
During 2012, we entered into a master sale and leaseback agreement under which we sold and have leased back existing and additional new equipment supplied by the lessor. The transaction resulted in a gain of $2.0 million, which is being amortized into earnings in proportion to and is reflected net against the leased equipment. The lease may be terminated in the third quarter of fiscal 2017 for a termination cost of the present value of the remaining lease payments plus a residual value. If not terminated early, the lease term is approximately five years from the start of the supply of new and additional equipment, which commenced on various dates in 2013 and continued into 2015. At November 30, 2015, minimum future lease payments are as follows (in thousands):
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
|
| | | |
| |
Fiscal Year | |
2016 | $ | 3,798 |
|
2017 | 3,798 |
|
2018 | 1,513 |
|
2019 | 189 |
|
| |
Net minimum lease payments | 9,298 |
|
Less amount representing interest | 471 |
|
| |
Present value of net minimum lease payments | $ | 8,827 |
|
| |
In the normal course of business we engage in other off balance sheet arrangements, including derivative contracts. Neither derivatives’ notional amounts nor underlying instrument values are reflected as assets or liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Rather, the fair value of derivative contracts are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as Financial instruments owned or Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased as applicable. Derivative contracts are reflected net of cash paid or received pursuant to credit support agreements and are reported on a net by counterparty basis when a legal right of offset exists under an enforceable master netting agreement. For additional information about our accounting policies and our derivative activities, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Note 5, Fair Value Disclosures, and Note 6, Derivative Financial Instruments, in our consolidated financial statements.
We are routinely involved with variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in connection with our mortgage- and other asset- backed securities and collateralized loan obligation securitization activities. VIEs are entities in which equity investors lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. VIEs are consolidated by the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party who has the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and who has an obligation to absorb losses of the entity or a right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. Where we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE, we consolidate the VIE. We do not generally consolidate the various VIEs related to our securitization activities because we are not the primary beneficiary.
At November 30, 2015, we did not have any commitments to purchase assets from our securitization vehicles. For additional information regarding our involvement with VIEs, see Note 8, Securitization Activities, and Note 9, Variable Interest Entities, in our consolidated financial statements.
We expect to make cash payments of $508.5 million on January 31, 2016 related to compensation awards for fiscal 2015.
Due to the uncertainty regarding the timing and amounts that will ultimately be paid, our liability for unrecognized tax benefits has been excluded from the above contractual obligations table. See Note 19, Income Taxes, in our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Equity Capital
As compared to November 30, 2014, the increase to total member’s equity at November 30, 2015 is primarily attributed to net earnings, partially offset by foreign currency translation adjustments.
Net Capital
As broker-dealers registered with the SEC and member firms of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), Jefferies and Jefferies Execution are subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission Uniform Net Capital Rule (“Rule 15c3-1”), which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital, and have elected to calculate minimum capital requirements using the alternative method permitted by Rule 15c3-1 in calculating net capital. Jefferies, as a dually-registered U.S. broker-dealer and FCM, is also subject to Rule 1.17 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"), which sets forth minimum financial requirements. The minimum net capital requirement in determining excess net capital for a dually-registered U.S. broker-dealer and FCM is equal to the greater of the requirement under Rule 15c3-1 or CFTC Rule 1.17.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
At November 30, 2015, Jefferies and Jefferies Execution's net capital and excess net capital were as follows (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | |
| Net Capital | | Excess Net Capital |
Jefferies | $ | 1,556,602 |
| | $ | 1,471,663 |
|
Jefferies Execution | 9,647 |
| | 9,397 |
|
FINRA is the designated self-regulatory organization ("DSRO") for our U.S. broker-dealers. Effective September 21, 2015, the National Futures Association is the DSRO for Jefferies as an FCM.
Certain other U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries are subject to capital adequacy requirements as prescribed by the regulatory authorities in their respective jurisdictions, including Jefferies International Limited and Jefferies Bache Limited which are subject to the regulatory supervision and requirements of the Financial Conduct Authority in the United Kingdom. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law on July 21, 2010. The Dodd-Frank Act contains provisions that require the registration of all swap dealers, major swap participants, security-based swap dealers, and/or major security-based swap participants. While entities that register under these provisions will be subject to regulatory capital requirements, these regulatory capital requirements have not yet been finalized. We expect that these provisions will result in modifications to the regulatory capital requirements of some of our entities, and will result in some of our other entities becoming subject to regulatory capital requirements for the first time, including Jefferies Derivative Products, LLC and Jefferies Financial Services, Inc., which registered as swap dealers with the CFTC during January 2013 and Jefferies Financial Products, LLC, which registered during August 2014.
The regulatory capital requirements referred to above may restrict our ability to withdraw capital from our regulated subsidiaries.
Risk Management
Overview
Risk is an inherent part of our business and activities. The extent to which we properly and effectively identify, assess, monitor and manage each of the various types of risk involved in our activities is critical to our financial soundness, viability and profitability. Accordingly, we have a comprehensive risk management approach, with a formal governance structure and processes to identify, assess, monitor and manage risk. Principal risks involved in our business activities include market, credit, liquidity and capital, operational, legal and compliance, new business, and reputational risk.
Risk management is a multifaceted process that requires communication, judgment and knowledge of financial products and markets. Accordingly, our risk management process encompasses the active involvement of executive and senior management, and also many departments independent of the revenue-producing business units, including the Risk Management, Operations, Compliance, Legal and Finance Departments. Our risk management policies, procedures and methodologies are fluid in nature and are subject to ongoing review and modification.
For discussion of liquidity and capital risk management, refer to the “Liquidity, Financial Condition and Capital Resources” section herein.
Governance and Risk Management Structure
Our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors and its Audit Committee play an important role in reviewing our risk management process and risk tolerance. Our Board of Directors and Audit Committee are provided with data relating to risk at each of its regularly scheduled meetings. Our Chief Risk Officer and Global Treasurer meet with the Board of Directors on not less than a quarterly basis to present our risk profile and liquidity profile and to respond to questions.
Risk Committees. We make extensive use of internal committees to govern risk taking and ensure that business activities are properly identified, assessed, monitored and managed. Our Risk Management Committee meets weekly to discuss our risk, capital, and liquidity profile in detail. In addition, business or market trends and their potential impact on the risk profile are discussed. Membership is comprised of our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, Chairman of the Executive Committee, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Risk Officer and Global Treasurer. The Committee approves limits for us as a whole, and across risk categories and business lines. It also reviews all limit breaches. Limits are reviewed on at least an annual basis. Other risk related committees include Market Risk Management, Credit Risk Management, New Business, Underwriting Acceptance, Margin Oversight, Executive Management and Operating Committees. These Committees govern risk taking and ensure that business activities are properly managed for their area of oversight.
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Risk Related Policies. We make use of various policies in the risk management process:
| |
• | Market Risk Policy- This policy sets out roles, responsibilities, processes and escalation procedures regarding market risk management. |
| |
• | Independent Price Verification Policy- This policy sets out roles, responsibilities, processes and escalation procedures regarding independent price verification for securities and other financial instruments. |
| |
• | Operational Risk Policy- This policy sets out roles, responsibilities, processes and escalation procedures regarding operational risk management. |
| |
• | Credit Risk Policy- This policy provides standards and controls for credit risk-taking throughout our global business activities. This policy also governs credit limit methodology and counterparty review. |
| |
• | Model Validation Policy-This policy sets out roles, processes and escalation procedures regarding model validation and model risk management. |
Risk Management Key Metrics
We apply a comprehensive framework of limits on a variety of key metrics to constrain the risk profile of our business activities. The size of the limit reflects our risk tolerance for a certain activity under normal business conditions. Key metrics included in our framework include inventory position and exposure limits on a gross and net basis, scenario analysis and stress tests, Value-at-Risk, sensitivities (greeks), exposure concentrations, aged inventory, amount of Level 3 assets, counterparty exposure, leverage, cash capital, and performance analysis metrics.
Market Risk
The potential for changes in the value of financial instruments is referred to as market risk. Our market risk generally represents the risk of loss that may result from a change in the value of a financial instrument as a result of fluctuations in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, commodity prices and foreign exchange rates, along with the level of volatility. Interest rate risks result primarily from exposure to changes in the yield curve, the volatility of interest rates, and credit spreads. Equity price risks result from exposure to changes in prices and volatilities of individual equities, equity baskets and equity indices. Commodity price risks result from exposure to the changes in prices and volatilities of individual commodities, commodity baskets and commodity indices. Market risk arises from market making, proprietary trading, underwriting, specialist and investing activities. We seek to manage our exposure to market risk by diversifying exposures, controlling position sizes, and establishing economic hedges in related securities or derivatives. Due to imperfections in correlations, gains and losses can occur even for positions that are hedged. Position limits in trading and inventory accounts are established and monitored on an ongoing basis. Each day, consolidated position and exposure reports are prepared and distributed to various levels of management, which enable management to monitor inventory levels and results of the trading groups.
Value-at-Risk
We estimate Value-at-Risk (“VaR”) using a model that simulates revenue and loss distributions on substantially all financial instruments by applying historical market changes to the current portfolio. Using the results of this simulation, VaR measures the potential loss in value of our financial instruments over a specified time horizon at a given confidence level. We calculate a one-day VaR using a one year look-back period measured at a 95% confidence level.
As with all measures of VaR, our estimate has inherent limitations due to the assumption that historical changes in market conditions are representative of the future. Furthermore, the VaR model measures the risk of a current static position over a one-day horizon and might not capture the market risk of positions that cannot be liquidated or offset with hedges in a one-day period. Published VaR results reflect past trading positions while future risk depends on future positions.
While we believe the assumptions and inputs in our risk model are reasonable, we could incur losses greater than the reported VaR because the historical market prices and rates changes may not be an accurate measure of future market events and conditions. Consequently, this VaR estimate is only one of a number of tools we use in our daily risk management activities. When comparing our VaR numbers to those of other firms, it is important to remember that different methodologies and assumptions could produce significantly different results.
Our average daily VaR decreased to $12.39 million for the year ended November 30, 2015 from $14.35 million for the year ended November 30, 2014, a 13.7% decrease. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in our investment in KCG and the exit of the Bache business. In addition, our VaR declined from $13.28 million at November 30, 2014 to November 30, 2015 to $7.73
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
million. The decrease is reflective of a reduction in risk that we implemented in connection with our view of the current market environment. The reductions in our balance sheet and mix of inventory was substantially effected during our fourth quarter. Excluding our investment in KCG, our average VaR increased to $9.97 million for the year ended November 30, 2015 from $9.54 million in the year ended November 30, 2014.
The following table illustrates each separate component of VaR for each component of market risk by interest rate, equity, currency and commodity products, as well as for our overall trading positions using the past 365 days of historical data (in millions).
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Daily VaR (1) Value-at-Risk In Trading Portfolios | | | | | | | | |
| VaR at November 30, 2015 | | | VaR at November 30, 2014 | | |
| | Daily VaR for the Year Ended November 30, 2015 | | | Daily VaR for theYear Ended November 30, 2014 |
Risk Categories: | | | Average | | High | | Low | | | | Average | | High | | Low |
Interest Rates | $ | 5.01 |
| | $ | 5.84 |
| | $ | 8.06 |
| | $ | 4.19 |
| | $ | 5.56 |
| | $ | 5.77 |
| | $ | 8.69 |
| | $ | 3.16 |
|
Equity Prices | 6.69 |
| | 9.79 |
| | 13.61 |
| | 5.39 |
| | 10.53 |
| | 11.08 |
| | 14.68 |
| | 7.85 |
|
Currency Rates | 0.30 |
| | 0.46 |
| | 3.32 |
| | 0.12 |
| | 0.87 |
| | 1.33 |
| | 6.59 |
| | 0.15 |
|
Commodity Prices | 0.82 |
| | 0.57 |
| | 1.62 |
| | 0.04 |
| | 0.19 |
| | 0.70 |
| | 2.14 |
| | 0.07 |
|
Diversification Effect (2) | (5.09 | ) | | (4.27 | ) | | N/A |
| | N/A |
| | (3.87 | ) | | (4.53 | ) | | N/A |
| | N/A |
|
Firmwide | $ | 7.73 |
| | $ | 12.39 |
| | $ | 17.75 |
| | $ | 6.35 |
| | $ | 13.28 |
| | $ | 14.35 |
| | $ | 19.68 |
| | $ | 10.31 |
|
| |
(1) | VaR is the potential loss in value of our trading positions due to adverse market movements over a defined time horizon with a specific confidence level. For the VaR numbers reported above, a one-day time horizon, with a one year look-back period, and a 95% confidence level were used. |
| |
(2) | The diversification effect is not applicable for the maximum and minimum VaR values as the firmwide VaR and the VaR values for the four risk categories might have occurred on different days during the year. |
The aggregated VaR presented here is less than the sum of the individual components (i.e., interest rate risk, foreign exchange rate risk, equity risk and commodity price risk) due to the benefit of diversification among the four risk categories. Diversification effect equals the difference between aggregated VaR and the sum of VaRs for the four risk categories and arises because the market risk categories are not perfectly correlated.
The chart below reflects our daily VaR over the last four quarters:
The primary method used to test the efficacy of the VaR model is to compare our actual daily net revenue for those positions included in our VaR calculation with the daily VaR estimate. This evaluation is performed at various levels of the trading portfolio, from the holding company level down to specific business lines. For the VaR model, trading related revenue is defined as principal transaction revenue, trading related commissions, revenue from securitization activities and net interest income. For a 95% confidence one day VaR model (i.e., no intra-day trading), assuming current changes in market value are consistent with the
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
historical changes used in the calculation, net trading losses would not be expected to exceed the VaR estimates more than twelve times on an annual basis (i.e., once in every 20 days). During the year ended November 30, 2015, results of the evaluation at the aggregate level demonstrated five days when the net trading loss exceeded the 95% one day VaR.
Certain positions within financial instruments are not included in the VaR model because VaR is not the most appropriate measure of risk. Accordingly, Risk Management has additional procedures in place to assure that the level of potential loss that would arise from market movements are within acceptable levels. Such procedures include performing stress tests, monitoring concentration risk and tracking price target/stop loss levels. The table below presents the potential reduction in net income associated with a 10% stress of the fair value of the positions that are not included in the VaR model at November 30, 2015 (in thousands):
|
| | | |
| 10% Sensitivity |
Private investments | $ | 24,889 |
|
Corporate debt securities in default | 7,223 |
|
Trade claims | 1,435 |
|
Daily Net Trading Revenue
Excluding trading losses associated with the daily marking to market of our investment in KCG, there were 55 days with trading losses out of a total of 252 trading days in the year ended November 30, 2015. Including these losses, there were 64 days with trading losses. The histogram below presents the distribution of our actual daily net trading revenue for substantially all of our trading activities for the year ended November 30, 2015 (in millions).
Scenario Analysis and Stress Tests
While VaR measures potential losses due to adverse changes in historical market prices and rates, we use stress testing to analyze the potential impact of specific events or moderate or extreme market moves on our current portfolio both firm wide and within business segments. Stress scenarios comprise both historical market price and rate changes and hypothetical market environments, and generally involve simultaneous changes of many risk factors. Indicative market changes in our scenarios include, but are not limited to, a large widening of credit spreads, a substantial decline in equities markets, significant moves in selected emerging markets, large moves in interest rates, changes in the shape of the yield curve and large moves in European markets. In addition, we also perform ad hoc stress tests and add new scenarios as market conditions dictate. Because our stress scenarios are meant to reflect market moves that occur over a period of time, our estimates of potential loss assume some level of position reduction for liquid positions. Unlike our VaR, which measures potential losses within a given confidence interval, stress scenarios do not have an associated implied probability; rather, stress testing is used to estimate the potential loss from market moves that tend to be larger than those embedded in the VaR calculation.
Stress testing is performed and reported regularly as part of the risk management process. Stress testing is used to assess our aggregate risk position as well as for limit setting and risk/reward analysis.
Counterparty Credit Risk and Issuer Country Exposure
Counterparty Credit Risk
JEFFERIES GROUP LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Credit risk is the risk of loss due to adverse changes in a counterparty’s credit worthiness or its ability or willingness to meet its financial obligations in accordance with the terms and conditions of a financial contract. We are exposed to credit risk as trading counterparty to other broker-dealers and customers, as a direct lender and through extending loan commitments, as a holder of securities and as a member of exchanges and clearing organizations.
It is critical to our financial soundness and profitability that we properly and effectively identify, assess, monitor, and manage the various credit and counterparty risks inherent in our businesses. Credit is extended to counterparties in a controlled manner in order to generate acceptable returns, whether such credit is granted directly or is incidental to a transaction. All extensions of credit are monitored and managed on an enterprise level in order to limit exposure to loss related to credit risk.
Our Credit Risk Framework is responsible for identifying credit risks throughout the operating businesses, establishing counterparty limits and managing and monitoring those credit limits. Our framework includes:
| |
• | defining credit limit guidelines and credit limit approval processes; |
| |
• | providing a consistent and integrated credit risk framework across the enterprise; |
| |
• | approving counterparties and counterparty limits with parameters set by the Risk Management Committee; |
| |
• | negotiating, approving and monitoring credit terms in legal and master documentation; |
| |
• | delivering credit limits to all relevant sales and trading desks; |
| |
• | maintaining credit reviews for all active and new counterparties; |
| |
• | operating a control function for exposure analytics and exception management and reporting; |
| |
• | determining the analytical standards and risk parameters for on-going management and monitoring of global credit risk books; |
| |
• | actively managing daily exposure, exceptions, and breaches; |
| |
• | monitoring daily margin call activity and counterparty performance (in concert with the Margin Department); and |
| |
• | setting the minimum global requirements for systems, reports, and technology. |
Credit Exposures
Credit exposure exists across a wide-range of products including cash and cash equivalents, loans, securities finance transactions and over-the-counter derivative contracts.
| |
• | Loans and lending arise in connection with our capital markets activities and represents the notional value of loans that have been drawn by the borrower and lending commitments that were outstanding at November 30, 2015. In addition, credit exposures on forward settling traded loans are included within our loans and lending exposures for consistency with the balance sheet categorization of these items. |
| |
• | Securities and margin finance includes credit exposure arising on securities financing transactions (reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements) to the extent the fair value of the underlying collateral differs from the contractual agreement amount and from margin provided to customers. |